Intel Compute stick documentation

INTRODUCTION

INTEL COMPUTE STICK DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

1. INTRODUCTION

The Intel® Compute Stick is a new generation of computing that transforms any

HDMI display into a fully functional computer.

The Intel® Compute Stick is a new generation compute on a stick device that’s ready

to go out of the box and offers the performance, quality, and value you expect from Intel. Pre-

installed with Windows 8.1 or Linux, get a complete experience on an ultra-small, power-

efficient device that is just four inches long, yet packs the power and reliability of a quad-

core Intel® Atom™ processor, with built-in wireless connectivity, on-board storage, and a

micro SD card slot for additional storage. It’s everything you love about your desktop

computer in a device that fits in the palm of your hand.

The Compute Stick is essentially a complete PC, but in the compact form factor of a

slightly large pen drive. It connects to a TV via HDMI, but also has to be powered with a

micro USB cord.

The Intel Compute Stick is for more than just multimedia though. Essentially, this is a

complete PC you can carry around with you anywhere you go .Someone who likes to travel

but loathes toting a laptop around, keeping something like this with a Bluetooth keyboard and

mouse in my luggage would be a compact way to get a more robust computing experience

than iPad is going to offer, without tipping the scales or putting much of a dent in my wallet.

I don't expect to be able to edit photos or play World of Warcraft while I'm on the road, but

this could prove to be a great tool for toting vital files and Windows apps around, and getting

the full-PC experience wherever I can find a spare HDMI port.

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EVOLUTION

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2.1 HISTORY OF COMPUTERS

Computers were very expensive during the 1950’s. Computers of that time were used

in weather forecasting, plotting values of logarithmic functions and other complex

calculations. They were huge machines with little or no operating systems. They needed

dedicated air-conditioned rooms and special trained operators. Examples of these include the

ENIAC, the ZUSE Z3 etc. Then vacuum tubes were replaced by bipolar transistors, which

made those huge machines a bit smaller. The invention of Integrated Circuit(IC) gave

computers a huge leap in terms of computing power and a basis for personal computers.

In those days portable computers were available which were essentially payroll

machines or had other dedicated applications. Most of them were used for single purpose

such as printing bills, as calculators, digital diaries etc.

Apple released Lisa in 1983 and marked a new point in the history of computers. For

the first time a Graphical User Interface (GUI) was introduced in a computer that was cheap

and most small businesses could afford. Microsoft tried the same thing and released DOS

which was a huge success for the IBM PC. Now people could afford their own computer for

their home. IBM PC sparked a massive explosion of personal computers. People started

buying computers for their homes and offices like never before. Now kids could play games

on them, adults could do their spreadsheets etc.

During the decade of 80’s, the advent of laptops or notebook computers started. Many

companies and vendors released the then portable computers which were the basis for the

modern laptops. The first mass-produced microprocessor-based portable computer was the

Osborne 1 in 1981, which used the CP/M operating system. Then within a few years, in 1986,

Toshiba released the T1100, which they described as the “world’s first mass-market laptop

computer”.

As technology improved during the 1990s, the usefulness and popularity of laptops

increased. Correspondingly prices went down. Several developments specific to laptops like

improved battery technology, power saving processors, improved Liquid Crystal Displays,

improved storage etc. were quickly implemented, improving usability and performance.

There is active research to make computers out of many promising new types of

technology, such as optical computers, DNA computers, neural computers, and quantum

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computers. Most computers are universal, and are able to calculate any computable function,

and are limited only by their memory capacity and operating speed. However different

designs of computers can give very different performance for particular problems.

2.2 HISTORY OF EMBEDDED DEVICES

In the earliest years of computers in the 1930–40s, computers were sometimes

dedicated to a single task, but were far too large and expensive for most kinds of tasks

performed by embedded computers of today. Over time however, the concept of

programmable controllers evolved from traditional electromechanical sequencers, via solid

state devices, to the use of computer technology.

One of the first recognizably modern embedded systems was the Apollo Guidance

Computer, developed by Charles Stark Draper at the MIT Instrumentation Laboratory. At the

project's inception, the Apollo guidance computer was considered the riskiest item in the

Apollo project as it employed the then newly developed monolithic integrated circuits to

reduce the size and weight. An early mass-produced embedded system was the Autonetics D-

17 guidance computer for the Minuteman missile, released in 1961. It was built from

transistor logic and had a hard disk for main memory. When the Minuteman II went into

production in 1966, the D-17 was replaced with a new computer that was the first high-

volume use of integrated circuits. This program alone reduced prices on quad NAND gate

ICs from $1000/each to $3/each, permitting their use in commercial products.

Since these early applications in the 1960s, embedded systems have come down in

price and there has been a dramatic rise in processing power and functionality. The first

microprocessor for example, the Intel 4004, was designed for calculators and other small

systems but still required many external memory and support chips. In 1978 National

Engineering Manufacturers Association released a "standard" for programmable

microcontrollers, including almost any computer-based controllers, such as single board

computers, numerical, and event-based controllers.

As the cost of microprocessors and microcontrollers fell it became feasible to replace

expensive knob-based analogue components such as potentiometers and variable capacitors

with up/down buttons or knobs read out by a microprocessor even in some consumer

products. By the mid-1980s, most of the common previously external system components had

been integrated into the same chip as the processor and this modern form of the

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microcontroller allowed an even more widespread use, which by the end of the decade were

the norm rather than the exception for almost all electronics devices.

The integration of microcontrollers has further increased the applications for which

embedded systems are used into areas where traditionally a computer would not have been

considered. A general purpose and comparatively low-cost microcontroller may often be

programmed to fulfil the same role as a large number of separate components. Although in

this context an embedded system is usually more complex than a traditional solution, most of

the complexity is contained within the microcontroller itself. Very few additional components

may be needed and most of the design effort is in the software. The intangible nature of

software makes it much easier to prototype and test new revisions compared with the design

and construction of a new circuit not using an embedded processor.

2.3 IDEA TO CREATE MINI COMPUTERS

The idea behind a tiny and affordable computer for kids came in 2006, when Eben

Upton, Rob Mullins, Jack Lang and Alan Mycroft, based at the University of Cambridge’s

Computer Laboratory, became concerned about the year-on-year decline in the numbers and

skills levels of the A Level students applying to read Computer Science. From a situation in

the 1990s where most of the kids applying were coming to interview as experienced hobbyist

programmers, the landscape in the 2000s was very different; a typical applicant might only

have done a little web design.

Something had changed the way kids were interacting with computers. A number of

problems were identified: majority of curriculums with lessons on using Word and Excel, or

writing webpages; the end of the dot-com boom; and the rise of the home PC and games

console to replace the Amigas, BBC Micros, Spectrum ZX and Commodore 64 machines that

people of an earlier generation learned to program on.

There isn’t much any small group of people can do to address problems like an

inadequate school curriculum or the end of a financial bubble. But those students felt that

they could try to do something about the situation where computers had become so expensive

and arcane that programming experimentation on them had to be forbidden by parents; and to

find a platform that, like those old home computers, could boot into a programming

environment. Thus came the idea of creating the device which kids could buy and learn

programming or hardware.

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WORKING

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3. WORKING

3.1 OPERATING SYSTEM

Compute stick comes with two models, Windows latest version Windows 8.1 and

Linux. We can change operating system according to our need. The processor is so powerful

to handle any task and it is powered with 2 GB of RAM. The small form factor makes it

easier t handle. It is capable of handling more than one task simultaneously at the same time.

3.2 RECORDING OF DATA

Recording of data is easier because compute stick come with a mass storage of 32 GB

in Windows model and 8 GB in Linux model. We can expand the storage capacity of the

stick according to our need, it provides a slot for Micro SD in order to increase storage. The

expandable storage limit is 128 GB that is a huge limit for such a small device. We can

record data by plugging into a computer or an external storage device.

Recorded data can is easier to delete and keep the storage space. Compute stick provides

different slots in order to input different storage devices like Sticks, Hard disks etc.

3.3 VISUALISATION

Fig: 3.3 Visualisation

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Visualisation is possible with the help HDMI port, Stick is plugged into a HDMI

display the display is transformed to a computer by loading OS as same as the process that

happens on computer system. Generally HDMI ports are seen on the back side of devices like

Television, CPU etc.

HDMI port is generally used for Digital audio/video/data connection. In Compute Stick it is a

medium for connecting to the port. In HDMI the resolution is limited by the availability of

Band width. HDMI (High Definition Multimedia Interface) is a proprietary audio/video

interface for transferring uncompressed video data and compressed or uncompressed digital

audio data from an HDMI complaint source device such as a display controller, to a

compatible computer monitor, video projector, digital television, or digital audio device.

Fig:3.4 Stick plug into a TV

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The Compute Stick is essentially a complete PC, but in the compact form factor of a slightly

large pen drive. It connects to a TV via HDMI, but also has to be powered with a micro USB

cord.

Intel wants to help you turn any TV into a Windows PC, for the low cost of $149. All it takes

is a little stick, Meet the all-new Intel Compute Stick.

Here’s a quick look at the important specs:

o 1.33GHz quad-core Intel Atom Z3735F processor

o 2GB DDR3 RAM

o 32GB internal storage

o Micro SD slot (up to 128GB)

o Wi-Fi 802.11 b/g/n

o Bluetooth 4.0

o Full-size USB port

o HDMI Port

o Windows 8.1 OS

It will also be available with Linux, but that version will come with 8GB of storage and 1GB

RAM. That model will retail for $89.

While smart TVs are on the rise, you probably won’t use all of their features. That’s because

it’s not a full-fledged desktop operating system running there. You can’t run Microsoft Office

on your smart TV, after all.

But the Compute Stick will just need a Bluetooth keyboard and mouse or some fantastic

wireless all-in-one keyboards to be up and running.

The current lot of Android Stick PCs are good for gaming and multimedia, but Android itself

can’t compare to Windows when it comes to getting work done in a desktop environment.


complete PC you can carry around with you anywhere you go. In fact, it’s your PC on a stick

—connectable to any device with an HDMI port.

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As someone who likes to travel but loathes toting a laptop around, keeping something like

this with a Bluetooth keyboard and mouse in my luggage would be a compact way to get a

more robust computing experience than my iPad is going to offer, without tipping the scales

or putting much of a dent in my wallet. I don’t expect to be able to edit photos or play World

of War craft while I’m on the road, but this could prove to be a great tool for toting vital files

and Windows apps around, and getting the full-PC experience wherever I can find a spare

HDMI port.

Figure 3.5 Intel Compute Stick

Stick is plugged into a HDMI display the display is transformed to a fully functional

computer. It is powered with 1.33GHz quad-core Intel Atom Z3735F processor and 2GB

DDR3 RAM. Wi-Fi provides internet access and Bluetooth provides connectivity of input

devices like Keyboard and mouse. We can connect any USB device to the USB port.

Compute Stick provides only one USB port. There is an inbuilt storage of 32GB for storage

of application and media.



3.6 PHYSICAL STRUCTURE

Figure 3.6 Physical Structure

1. HDMI CONNECTOR

2. POWER BUTTON

3. USB PORT

4. MICRO USB PORT

5. MICRO SD

6. POWER LED

HDMI CONNECTOR

HDMI port is generally used for Digital audio/video/data connection. In Compute Stick it is a

medium for connecting to the port. In HDMI the resolution is limited by the availability of

Bandwidth.

HDMI (High Definition Multimedia Interface) is a proprietary audio/video interface for

transferring uncompressed video data and compressed or uncompressed digital audio data

from an HDMI complaint source device such as a display controller, to a compatible

computer monitor, video projector, digital television, or digital audio device.



POWER BUTTON

Power button is used for starting and stopping the device. It is on placed just upper side of the

Compute stick.

USB PORT

USB port is used for plugging the input devices in the USB port. Their only one USB port for

input devices like Keyboard, Mouse, Joysticks etc.

USB VERSION: 2.0

MICRO USB PORT

Micro USB Port is used for input power to the Compute Stick. There is only one way to

charge the device it does not charge when plug it in to the HDMI port.

MICRO SD

Micro SD is a non-volatile memory used extensively in portable devices such as mobile

phones, digital cameras, tablet and computers.

In Compute Stick a micro SD slot allows you to expand additional storage if you're interested

in expanding the storage capacity of the stick Intel provides a micro SD card slot with the

capacity of 128 GB.

POWER LED

Power LED displays current state of the device



3.7 DESIGN AND SPECIFICATION

Figure 3.7 Design & Specification



3.8 COMPUTE STICK MODELS

Figure 3.8 Models



APPLICATIONS



4. APPLICATIONS

PC-on-a-stick also known as Compute Stick, it is a term describing PC technology

characterized by a small form factor, generally using ARM or Intel Atom system on a chip,

low energy usage which offers portable convenience and low prices.

Mini PCs with Intel Inside® bring full PC capability to small spaces. And that opens up

possibilities. Replace your end-of-life PCs, drive multiple displays, power digital signage,

and more.

Applications of the Compute Stick can be given as follows:

Figure 4. Stick Logic Application

Transforms any HDMI display into a fully functional computer.

Transform a normal TV to a smart TV.

Compute stick can be used in homes, office, manufacturing lines or any Business

environment.

Great device for Education and Emerging markets.

Compute Stick being very cost effective can be deployed in large numbers in

underdeveloped and developing countries like Africa, India, China, Brazil etc. to

schools and colleges and to everyone who is interested in computers and electronics.



Run your favourite Software and Applications—just as you would on today’s

traditional full-sized computers.

Serious work can be done in small spaces.

It can be used as a machine replacing desktop computers.

A reliable low-power solution for developers creating light digital kiosks with no-

effort installation and delivering streaming or static HD content on displays located

anywhere.



ADVANTAGES



5. ADVANTAGES

It is important for customers and business owners that want to get the Compute Stick to

consider whether it fits with their business strategy and are willing to go through the process

of putting it together and tailoring the product to their own needs. The benefits that this

products offers are

Transforms any HDMI display into a fully functional computer.

The Intel Compute Stick is a new generation of computing that transforms any HDMI

display into a fully functional computer. It is a power-efficient device that is just four

inches long, yet packs the power and reliability of a quad-core Intel® Atom™

processor, with built-in wireless connectivity, on-board storage, and a micro SD card

slot for additional storage. It’s everything you love about your desktop computer in a

device that fits in the palm of your hand.

Compute Stick can be used in homes, office, manufacturing lines or any business

Environment.

For Consumers or Home users:

A solution with plenty of storage and performance needed for light productivity,

social networking, web browsing, and streaming media, or games.

With built-in wireless connectivity, on-board storage, and a micro SD card slot for

additional storage. It’s everything you love about your desktop computer in a device

that fits in the palm of your hand.



For Business Users:

Enable solutions for small to medium sized businesses, delivering ultra-portability

and reliable plug-and-play simplicity, with Windows Remote Desktop access for on

the fly support.

A Great medium for Education purposes.

Intel Compute Stick has many chances in the field of Education. It is generally for

aimed for the younger generation to help in their learning and studying. Programming,

Presentation, Collecting data from Internet etc.

Small size and very cost effective.

With the low price and small size it is easy for the buyers to cache, so that it can be

deployed in large numbers in underdeveloped and developing countries like Africa,

India, China, Brazil etc. to schools and colleges and to everyone who is interested in

computers and electronics.

Run your favourite Software and Applications—just as you would on today’s

traditional full-sized computers.

It comes with an Intel Atom 1.33GHz quad core processor, 2GB of RAM and 32GB

internal storage, running either Windows 8.1 or Linux. Because of the Intel powered

processors all the applications are run smoothly and flawlessly.

Perform more than one task does not affect neither the performance nor the speed of

the computer.

Serious work can be done in small spaces.

Small form factor provides good processing power and efficiency so we can run

serious task in any place.



It can be used as a machine replacing desktop computers.

It is a great solution against the large desktop computers, compute stick perform all

tasks that a desktop system runs. With the low price and small size it is easy for the

buyers to cache.

Solution for mobile employees.

Only need public monitors in the office. Great security and cost saving on office

space and computer equipment for mobile employees

Micro SD slot for extra storage.

A micro SD slot allows you to expand additional storage if you're interested in

expanding the storage capacity of the stick Intel provides a micro SD card slot with

the capacity of 128 GB.

Energy efficient Processor

Intel uses powerful energy efficient processors in compute stick. Mini PCs using a

power supply rated at 75 percent2 less wattage than average full size desktop towers

free your budgets for other priorities. The product is energy efficient and provides a

greener ethical alternative to small businesses.



DISADVANTAGES



6. DISADVANTAGES

Does not useful for large Business.

This product will not be a great useful for bigger businesses that already have big

servers, which would already do everything that the Compute stick does, so it would

not be worth it to take the time to get someone to put it together.

One or two USB ports just aren’t enough.

The only foreseeable issue with the Stick is the single USB port. One or two USB

ports just aren’t enough. If you’re using the Stick as a traditional desktop, you need a

port for a mouse and another for a keyboard. You can solve this by attaching a

USB hub, but that’d almost certainly compromise the stick-on-the-back-of-the-TV

form factor, assuming it didn’t weigh down the Stick jutting out of the TV’s HDMI

port in the first place. A keyboard with a USB pass-through would work, but then

you’d not only be limited in your peripheral choices, but wouldn’t have another USB

port for anything else.

No slot for USB 3.0/3.1

Faster USB 3.0/3.1 connectivity and more technology that will make the stick PC

format attractive to some professionals.

Powered with a micro USB cord.

Compute stick does not charged when it is plugged into a HDMI port it is charged

with a micro USB cord.



FUTURE SCOPE



7. FUTURE SCOPE

Replacement Desktop Computers.

It is a great solution against the large desktop computers, compute stick perform all

tasks that a desktop system runs. With the low price and small size it is easy for the

buyers to cache.

Solution for Mobile employees.

Only need public monitors in the office. Great security and cost saving on office

space and computer equipment for mobile employees



CONCLUSION



8. CONCLUSION

The Intel® Compute Stick is a new generation of computing that transforms any HDMI

display into a fully functional computer.

The Intel® Compute Stick is a new generation compute on a stick device that’s ready to go

out of the box and offers the performance, quality, and value you expect from Intel. Pre-

installed with Windows 8.1 or Linux, get a complete experience on an ultra-small, power-

efficient device that is just four inches long, yet packs the power and reliability of a quad-

core Intel® Atom™ processor, with built-in wireless connectivity, on-board storage, and a

micro SD card slot for additional storage. It’s everything you love about your desktop

computer in a device that fits in the palm of your hand.

The Compute Stick is essentially a complete PC, but in the compact form factor of a slightly

large pen drive. It connects to a TV via HDMI, but also has to be powered with a micro USB

cord.


complete PC you can carry around with you anywhere you go .Someone who likes to travel

but loathes toting a laptop around, keeping something like this with a Bluetooth keyboard and

mouse in my luggage would be a compact way to get a more robust computing experience

than iPad is going to offer, without tipping the scales or putting much of a dent in my wallet.



APPENDIX



9. APPENDIX

FIGURE NUMBER FIGURE NAME PAGE NUMBER

3.3 Visualisation 14

3.4 Stick plug into a TV 15

3.5 Intel Compute Stick 17

3.6 Physical Structure 18

3.7 Design and Specification 20

3.8 Models 21

4 Stick Logic Application 23



BIBLIOGRAPHY



10. BIBLIOGRAPHY

Intel Compute Stick,

http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/compute-stick/intel-compute-stick.html

Quanta Embedded System,

http://iotsolutionsalliance.intel.com/solutions-directory/nh1-%E2%80%93-smallest-

windows-compute-stick-intel%C2%AE-atom%E2%84%A2-processor-z3735f

Intel's Compute Stick puts Windows 8 in the palm of your hand

http://www.cnet.com/products/intel-compute-stick/

History of computers, http://www.discussionsworld.com/forum_posts.asp?

TID=42603

Intel compute stick takes budget PCs

http://www.hardwarezone.com.sg/tech-news-intel-compute-stick-takes-budget-pcs-

whole-new-level

Stick Computing

http://www.stickcomputing.com/


http://www.stickcomputing.com/

http://www.hardwarezone.com.sg/tech-news-intel-compute-stick-takes-budget-pcs-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20whole-new-level

http://www.hardwarezone.com.sg/tech-news-intel-compute-stick-takes-budget-pcs-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20whole-new-level

http://www.discussionsworld.com/forum_posts.asp?TID=42603

http://www.discussionsworld.com/forum_posts.asp?TID=42603

http://www.cnet.com/products/intel-compute-stick/

http://iotsolutionsalliance.intel.com/solutions-directory/nh1-%E2%80%93-smallest-%09windows-compute-stick-intel%C2%AE-atom%E2%84%A2-processor-z3735f

http://iotsolutionsalliance.intel.com/solutions-directory/nh1-%E2%80%93-smallest-%09windows-compute-stick-intel%C2%AE-atom%E2%84%A2-processor-z3735f

http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/compute-stick/intel-compute-stick.html

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