Integumentary System Presentation · Microsoft PowerPoint - Integumentary System Presentation...
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10/24/2018 1 10/25 D.N.A 1)List the parts of a hair follicle and explain the function of each part. 2)Where on the body is your skin actually hairless? 5 Minutes Anatomy & Physiology Ch. 5 “Accessory Structures & Clinicals” Learning Targets • List the main accessory structures of the integumentary skin & describe their general anatomy. • Describe the major functions of the Integumentary system. • Apply what I’ve learned about the integumentary system towards clinical applications.
Transcript of Integumentary System Presentation · Microsoft PowerPoint - Integumentary System Presentation...
10/24/2018
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10/25 D.N.A1)List the parts of a hair follicle and explain the
function of each part.
2)Where on the body is your skin actually hairless?
5 Minutes
Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 5 “Accessory Structures & Clinicals”
Learning Targets• List the main accessory structures of the
integumentary skin & describe their general anatomy.
• Describe the major functions of the Integumentary system.
• Apply what I’ve learned about the integumentary system towards clinical applications.
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Accessory Structures• Besides epithelial and connective tissue, the skin contains a
few other important structures:• Hair • Exocrine Glands• Nails
Hair• Majority of skin is covered in hair
• Although humans appear to not have as much hair as other mammals, they actually do
• Most of the hair is short, fine, and lightly pigmented • Truly hairless body parts include palms of hands, soles of feet, distal
phalanges, sides of fingers and toes, and parts of external genitalia
• The hair that we see is actually the terminal endings of hair, called the shaft
Hair Structure• Root of the hair is anchored in a tubular invagination of the
epidermis
• A hair follicle surrounds the root of the hair and extends down into the dermis, and sometimes the hypodermis • The follicle is the only living, growing part of the hair structure• The follicle is at the same level blood vessels are
• As the cells divide and push the cells outward (hair growing out) the cells begin to become keratinized and die
• The arrector pili muscle is responsible for making your hair stand up on its end
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Hair Anatomy
Exocrine Glands• There are two different types of sweat glands
• Apocrine- found mainly in the skin of the armpits, of the anogenital areas, and of the areola of the breasts. Their secretory portion is located in the dermis or hypodermis. Their ducts open into hair follicles. Their secretion is more viscous than that of the eccrine glands. They start secreting at puberty and may be analogous to the sexual scent glands of other animals (creating pheromones)
• Eccrine- are more common. Their secretory portion is located in the dermis or hypodermis. They produce sweat, a watery mixture of salts, antibodies and metabolic wastes. Sweat prevents overheating of the body and thus helps regulate body temperature.
Exocrine Glands• Ceruminous glands (or ear wax glands) and mammary
glands are modified apocrine sweat glands.
• Sebaceous glands- secrete the sebum (seb = oil) an oily product. Sebum is usually secreted into a hair follicle. Sebum is a natural skin cream: • helps hair from becoming brittle• prevents excessive evaporation of water from the skin• Keeps skin soft • inhibits the growth of certain bacteria.
• Sebaceous glands are scattered all over the surface of the skin except in the palms, soles and the side of the feet.
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Exocrine Glands in Skin
Nails• Plates of stratified, squamous epithelial cells with hard
keratin
• Protects the distal ends of phalanges- replaces the epidermisof the portion it covers
• Nail growth occurs in the lunula (the white crescent part of your nail, visible in the thumb)
• Cuticle is a fold of stratum corneum on the proximal end of nail
Nail Anatomy
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Physiology of the Integumentary System• The different layers of skin serve many important purposes for
the body
• Thermoregulation – sweat glands are distributed throughout the integumentary system to assist in cooling the body off in homeostasis
• Vitamin D Synthesis – using sunlight, the skin is capable of creating Vitamin D for the body
Physiology of the Integumentary System• Protection – provides a barrier to fluid loss from the body;
intact skin prevents the entry of micro-organisms into the body; melanin absorbs UV, preventing harm to layers below
• Absorption – the skin can absorb topical medications
• Sensation – working with the nervous system, skin can sense pain, touch, temperature, vibration, and pressure
• Secretion – water, oil, salt, and small amounts of waste can leave via the skin
Clinical Applications
Acne
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Clinical Applications
Fungus
Clinical Applications
Ingrown Hiar
Clinical Applications
Questions
1. Would increasing protein intake (such as by taking gelatin supplements) increase hair and nail strength in an otherwise healthy individual?
