Integration Wind Generation to Turkish Power System

Investment Workshop 11-12 November 2009 1

INTEGRATION OF WIND GENERATION IN TO

TURKISH POWER SYSTEM

Turkish Electricity Transmission Corporation


400 kV Network

BLACKSEA

MEDITERRANEAN

ALTINKAYA

EREĞLİ

AMBARLI

BULGARİSTAN

FILIPPI

H.UĞURLUKAYABAŞI

ÇANKIRI

TİREBOLU

BORÇKA

GÜRCİSTANBATUM

ERMENİSTAN

GUMRI

BALIKESİR

SOMA

ALİAĞA

DENİZLİ

YATAĞAN

KEMERKÖYOYMAPINAR

SEYDİŞEHİR

KONYA

ADANAERZİN

G.ANTEP

ANDIRIN

ELBİSTAN

KANGAL

YEŞİLHİSAR

KAYSERİ

ÇAYIRHAN

GÖLBAŞI

KEBAN

KARAKAYA

ATATÜRK

DİYARBAKIR

Ş.URFA

BATMAN

HAKKARİ

KARS

ÖZLÜCE

ERZURUM

HORASAN

IĞDIR

D.BEYAZIT

DIMODICHEV

SURİYE

DERİNER

İSKENDERUN

İRAN

IRAK

HALEP

PS3

ZAKHO

KESEK

KHOY

BAZARGAN

BABEK

KALKANDERE

KOCATEPE

TEİAŞ-APK 2008

220 kV OHL

154 kV OHL

HPP (PLANNED)

HPP (EXISTING)

TPP (EXISTING)

OHL (EXISTING)

OHL (PLANNED)

TPP (PLANNED)

Y.TEPE

ALİBEYKÖY

TUNÇBİLEK

D.PAŞA

KARABİGA

ADA-GEBZE

PAŞAKÖY

OSMANCA

GÖKÇEKAYA

TEMELLİ

SİNCAN

BABAESKİ

HAMİTABAT

ÜMRANİYE

BURSA

AYDIN

YENİKÖY

BİRECİK

SEYİTÖMER

IŞIKLAR

ADAPAZARI

YUN

ANİS

TAN

KIZILTEPE

AĞRI

Z.KÖY

TEPEÖREN

UNIMAR

HİLVAN

ILISUDOĞANLI

ÇUKURCA

CİZRE

VAN

ERMENEK

MERSİN

HATAY

İKİTELLİ A.ALANI

KAPTAN

UZUNDERE

HİSAR

GÜRSÖĞÜT

KARGI SİVASDEÇEKO

YUSUFELİ

KAVŞAK

İSDEMİR

BOYABATAMASRA

KARABÜK

X

BEYKOZ

ÇARŞAMBA

HOPA

VARSAK

MANİSA

HABİPLER

SAMSUN DGKÇ

BORASCO

SAN-SEL TES

SAMSUN TES

CENGİZ

SİNOP TES

AKFENÇAYLI TES

ÇAN

İÇDAŞ

İÇDAŞ

AKSA

SİLOPİ TES

K.KALE DGKÇ

İÇANADOLU DGKÇ

BAĞLUM

KAYRAKTEPE

YEDİGÖZE

İAKSU

ARKUN

AKINCI

ORDU-2

TATVAN

ÇETİN

ARTVİN


Profile of System

NUMBER OF SUBSTATIONS:

400 kV 62

154 kV 459

66 kV 15

TOTAL 536 INSTALLED CAPACITY (84.333 MVA)

LENGTH OF TRANSMISSION LINES (km):

400 kV 14,338

154 kV 31,388

220 kV 84

66 kV 550

154 kV Cable 162,9

380 kV Cable 12,8

TOTAL 46,536


BREAKDOWN OF INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW) FOR THE YEAR OF 2009

658 28.991

14.413

THERMAL

WIND

HYDRO

Installed Capacity 44.067,5 MW

Hydro+Renewable 34.2 %Thermal 65.8 %

Annual Consumption198 TWh 4.2 % increase (*)

Peak Demand 30.517 MW

(*) For the year of 2008

Generation & Demand (for the year of 2009)

5

Peak Load and Electricity Consumption 1999-2018

http://www.teias.gov.tr/projeksiyon/KAPASITEPROJEKSIYONU2009.pdf


Expected Generation & Demand (between 2009 and 2018)

In the Generation Capacity Projection study covering between years 2009 and 2018,

Peak Demand 55,053 MW (high scenario) 51,757 MW (low scenario)

Installed Capacity 56,382 MW (high scenario) 54,240 MW (low scenario)

The projection study results show that the possible back up ratio of the installed capacity is %45.4 for 2009 and %2.4 for 2018. After 2015 new generation additions are needed.

7

AVAILABLE WIND CAPACITY CAN BE CONNECTED TO THE TURKISH POWER SYSTEM ACCORDING TO THE YEARS

INSTALLED CAPACITY AND PEAK LOAD OF TURKEY ACCORDING TO THE YEARS AND AVAILABLE WIND CAPACITY CAN BE CONNECTED TO

THE SYSTEM

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

90000

100000

YEARS

MW

PUANT TALEP

KURULU GÜÇ

BAĞLANABİLİR RÜZGARKAPASİTESİ

PEAK DEMAND

INSTALLED CAPACITY

CONNECTABLE WIND CAPACITY


Recent Situation for Wind Generation in Turkey

• 4916 MW evaluated by TEIAS in respect of connection to PS

• 3321 MW of these applications has been licensed by EMRA

• 658 MW is in Operation • 2000 MW is Underconstruction

• 78.000 MW new application are under evaluation

• The amount of the available wind generation capacity can be connected to the system until 2013 is 12000

MW

9

The evaluated Wind Generation Capacity on the regional base and will be connected to the system with the view of TEIAS

349 MW

1046 MW

703 MW

1595 MW

835 MW

618 MW


Wind Enery Potential Atlas is ready (http://repa.eie.gov.tr)

The law (no:5346) for the “Utilization of Renewable Energy Sources for the Purpose of Generating Electricity” issued in 2005.

The Grid Code for the Wind Power Plants has been prepared by TEIAS

and approved by EMRA.


INCENTIVES FOR RENEWABLE POWER PLANTSINCENTIVES FOR RENEWABLE POWER PLANTS

Distribution Companies have to buy energy from RES (proportional with the total consumption)

10 years purchase warranty

Minimum 5.5 € cent/kWh

Incentives are valid for power plants are/shall be in operation till 31/12/2011 Not older than 10 years

12

U,

Grid

P

hase

to

Pha

se –

Vol

tag

e

(p.u

)

Time, msec.0 150 700 1500 3000

1.0

0.9

0.7

0.45

2

1

Wind turbines will stay connected to the grid over of these curve

Fault Ride Through Capability of the Wind Power Plants

Diagram-1


In the event of the fault if the voltage stays in the region numbered 1, active power of the wind turbine should be increased with the rate of %20 of its nominal power in one second and it should reach its max. active power value which can be generated as soon as the fault cleared away.

In the event of the fault if the voltage stays in the region numbered 2, active power of the wind turbine should be increased with the rate of %5 of its nominal power in one second and it should reach its max. active power value which can be generated as soon as the fault cleared away.

Fault Ride Through Capability of the Wind Power Plants

14

Ireaktif/In-1 1

%10 Voltage Dead Band

High Excitation Region Low Excitation Region

U, Grid Voltage(p.u)

0.5

Normal operational conditions Constant Power Factor

1.0

The reactive power reaction which wind turbines have to obey in the voltage oscillation

Diagram-2


The Reactive Power Support of the Wind Power Plants The wind turbines will not give any reaction up to 10% of the grid

voltage oscillations.

For the voltage oscillations more than this limit, for each 1% changes in nominal voltage, the reactive current support is required which is equal to 2% of the nominal current (Diagram-2).

The reactive support should be realized in 20 millisecond and it should continue for 3 seconds as shown in Diagram-1.


Active Power Control

In necessity, the active power output of the wind power plants should be automatically controlable with the rate of %20-%100 of it’s total installed capacity with the signals will be sent by TEİAŞ.

a) The speed of the load shedding in minute for the Wind Power Plants which have installed capacity equal or less than 100 MW will be %5 of it’s installed capacity.

b) The speed of the load shedding in minute for the Wind Power Plants which have installed capacity higher than 100 MW will be %4 of it’s installed capacity.

17

Act

ive P

ow

er

of

Win

d P

ow

er

Pla

nt

Frequancy, Hertz

%100

47.5 50 50.3 51.5

%40

Frequency Reaction of the Wind Power Plants

Diagram-3

18

Frequency Reaction of WPP’s

If the frequency of the grid is higher than 50.2 Hz, there will be no permission for additional WPP’s connection to the grid.

Wind turbines will be able to generate all of it’s available capacity on the condition that the grid frequency is between 47.5-50.3 Hz.

In the condition that the grid frequency is higher than 50.3 Hz, the curve in diagram-3 will be followed and for each 100 mHz frequency increase, load sheding will be applied with the rate of %5 of it’s available capacity.

19

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

Active Power(%)

Reactive Power(%)

High Exitation RegionLow Exitation Region

Power Factor: 0.835

Power Factor: 0.95

Power Factor: 0.835

Power Factor: 0.95

Reactive Power Capacity

At the connection point to the grid, the wind power plants will be able to operate for the power factor values in the region defined with the bold lines.

Diagram-4


Technical data which is required from Wind Power Plants by TEİAŞ

Number of wind turbines and nominal power (MWe) and the type of each turbine (asynchronized , synchronized ).

Grid Connection types of turbines (directed; double fed, synchronized generator, AC/DC/AC converter synchronized generator).

Operational conditions of wind turbines for minimum and maximum wind speed values (the graphics which shows the changes in the generation of wind power plants according to the wind speed).

The type and the label of systems will be constructed to limit the flicker effect of voltage and current harmonics.


Thank You for Your Attention !

Integration Wind Generation to Turkish Power System

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