INTEGRATION OF PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION...
Transcript of INTEGRATION OF PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION...
INTEGRATION OF
PUBLIC
TRANSPORTATION
SYSTEMSBipin R Muley and CSRK Prasad
Transportation Division
NIT Warangal
AGENDA
1. Overview
2. MOUD Policies on Public Transportation
3. Public transport scenario of metropolitan cities 3. Public transport scenario of metropolitan cities
in India
4. Integration strategies overseas
5. Best Integration Strategy for selected Indian
cities 2
OVERVIEW
�What?
• Operation of public transit modes as one seamless entity.
�Why?
• Meet needs of passenger (comfort, convenience, reduced
travel time, costs etc.)
3
travel time, costs etc.)
• Increase patronage of public transport
• Reduce pollution and congestion levels
• Provide last mile connectivity
�How?
1. Institutional integration
2. Operational integration
3. Physical integration
INSTITUTIONAL INTEGRATION
� Creation of organizational framework for
joint planning and operation of transit
services.
� Techniques:
• Tariff Associations
• Transit Communities
• Transit Federations
•Mergers4
OPERATIONAL INTEGRATION
�Application of management techniques to optimize
allocation of transit resources and coordinate services.
�Techniques:
• Rationalization of redundant services
•Matching modes to service requirements•Matching modes to service requirements
• Development & Scheduling of feeder route services
• Unification of fare structure
• Fare discounts
• Coordinated public information system
• Reserved bus lanes and streets
• Parking controls 5
PHYSICAL INTEGRATION
�Integration of public transport modes with
provision of jointly used facilities at
intermediate points or at terminals with
interchange facilities.
�Techniques:�Techniques:
• Intermodal terminals
• Transit Shelters
• Route, schedule and vehicle identification
• Park-and-ride facilities
• Pedestrian facilities 6
MOUD Policies on
Public Transportation
� Policies on:
• Optimal modal share for different city sizes
• Capacity of different public transportation modes
• Selection criteria of Mass Rapid Transit modes
7
Optimal modal share for
different city sizes
Population
(millions)
Mass
TransportBicycle Other modes
0.1 – 0.5 30 – 40 30 – 40 25 – 35
0.5 – 1.0 40 – 50 25 – 35 20 – 30
1.0 – 2.0 50 – 60 20 – 30 15 – 25
2.0 – 5.0 60 – 70 15 – 25 10 – 20
5.0 + 70 – 85 15 – 20 10 – 15 8
Source: Traffic and Transportation Policies and Strategies in Urban Areas in India, 1998, MOUD, GOI
Capacity of different Public
Transportation modes
Public transport
mode
Capacity
Standard size
urban bus32 – 34 seating + standing (AIS 052)
Mini Urban bus 13 – 22 seating + standing (AIS 052)Mini Urban bus 13 – 22 seating + standing (AIS 052)
Midi Urban bus 23 – 34 seating + standing (AIS 052)
Monorail568 commuter (4 car) & 852 commuter
(6 car)
LRT 200 – 250 passenger per vehicle
Metro1200 – 1500 per train trip (4 coach) &
1800 – 2100 per train trip (6 coach)9
Source: Urban Bus Specification, MOUD, GOI, Wikipedia, DMRC
Selection criteria of
Mass Rapid Transit modes
Mode Choices PHPDT in 2021Population
(million)
Avg. trip length
(kms)
Metro rail ≥ 15,000 ≥ 2 > 7 – 8
LRT ≤ 10,000 > 1 > 7 – 8 LRT ≤ 10,000 > 1 > 7 – 8
Monorail ≤ 10,000 > 2 5 – 6
BRT ≥ 4,000 – 20,000 > 1 > 5
City bus service> 1 lakh hilly
towns> 2 – 3
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Source: Working Group on Urban Transport, NTDPC, Final Report, 2012
Public Transport Scenario of
Metropolitan Cities
Feature Delhi Mumbai Chennai Kolkata
Population
(millions)16.75 12.47 4.68 4.48
Major PT
modes
available
Buses, metro,
auto-
rickshaws and
Buses,
suburban
rails, metro,
taxis, auto-
Buses,
suburban
rails, taxis and
auto-
Buses, metro,
trams, auto-
rickshaws and available
rickshaws and
taxis
taxis, auto-
rickshaws and
ferry services
auto-
rickshaws
rickshaws and
taxis
PT mode
share (%)43 45 31 54
Passenger
trips/day
(lakhs)
1124.9 1124.9 469.8 469.8
Avg. trip
length (km)10.2 11.9 8.6 10.0
11Source: Study on Traffic and Transportation Policies and Strategies in Urban Areas in India, Final report (2008),
Wilbur Smith Associates and MOUD
Recommendations for Delhi
�� As per 12th Five Year Plan:
•Mix of rail and road based system
• Establishment of single authority
• Integration of all public transport modes
•Medium capacity mass transit system for congested areas
• Increase modal split of public transport
• Integrated passenger information system12
� By Dr. S.L.Dhingra:
• Integration of Versova-Andheri-Ghatkoper metro
and other existing modes
• Feeder route services
• Use of battery powered emission free mini buses
Recommendations for Mumbai
• Use of battery powered emission free mini buses
• Bus stops in vicinity of every railway station
�Vijayshree Pednekar:
• Single journey ticket
•Multimodal passes
• Fare integration technology 13
�ITDP with Corporation of Chennai (COC):
• Public cycle sharing system
Recommendations for Chennai
• Provision for non-motorized transport policy
• Improved parking management
14
�Infrastructure Development Finance Company Ltd. and
Superior Global Infrastructure Consulting Pvt. Ltd.:
• Increase efficiency of transportation system
• Synchronizing operational timing
Recommendations for Kolkata
• Synchronizing operational timing
• Higher frequency schedule at peak hours
•Allocating movement corridors for each mode according to
the traffic volume on different routes
• Unified ticketing system15
Singapore
�Population: 5.07 mn, PT share:
• Institutional integration
• Physical integration
63%
• Network integration
• Fare integration
• Information integration17
Queensland
�Population: 1.1 mn, PT share:
• Institutional integration
26%
• Fare integration
• Network integration
18
Hong Kong
�Population: 7.17 mn, PT share:
• Integrated ticket
• Integrated fare
88%
• Integrated fare
• Physical integration
• Coordinated services
19
Best Integration Strategy
for selected cities
��DelhiDelhi
��MumbaiMumbai��MumbaiMumbai
��KolkataKolkata
��ChennaiChennai 20
REFERENCES
1. Antonio, Y. K. K. (2005). An Integrated Public Transport System 1. Antonio, Y. K. K. (2005). An Integrated Public Transport System –– A case study of Hong Kong.A case study of Hong Kong.
Transport Policy and Planning, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.Transport Policy and Planning, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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Abingdon.Abingdon.Abingdon.Abingdon.
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REFERENCES (Contd.)
11. Recommendations of Working Group on Urban Transport for 12th Five Year Plan (201211. Recommendations of Working Group on Urban Transport for 12th Five Year Plan (2012--17),17),
Planning Commission, Government of India.Planning Commission, Government of India.
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Government of India.Government of India.
13. 13. RivasplataRivasplata, C. (2006). An Analysis of the Impacts of British Reforms on Transit Integration in the, C. (2006). An Analysis of the Impacts of British Reforms on Transit Integration in the
Metropolitan Areas. Metropolitan Areas. Ph.D. Dissertation, Univ. of California, Davis.Ph.D. Dissertation, Univ. of California, Davis.
14. Singapore LT Master plan (2008). 14. Singapore LT Master plan (2008). A PeopleA People--Centered Land Transport System.Centered Land Transport System.
15. Study on Traffic and Transportation Policies and Strategies in Urban Areas in India, Final report15. Study on Traffic and Transportation Policies and Strategies in Urban Areas in India, Final report
(2008), Wilbur (2008), Wilbur Smith Associates and Ministry of Urban Development (MOUD), Government ofSmith Associates and Ministry of Urban Development (MOUD), Government of(2008), Wilbur (2008), Wilbur Smith Associates and Ministry of Urban Development (MOUD), Government ofSmith Associates and Ministry of Urban Development (MOUD), Government of
India.India.
16. 16. StreetingStreeting, M & Barlow, R. (2007). Understanding key drivers of public transport patronage growth, M & Barlow, R. (2007). Understanding key drivers of public transport patronage growth--recentrecent
South East Queensland. South East Queensland. International Conference Series on Competition and Ownership inInternational Conference Series on Competition and Ownership in
Land Passenger Transport. Hamilton Island, Queensland, Australia.Land Passenger Transport. Hamilton Island, Queensland, Australia.
17. The Stranded Poor: Recognizing the Importance of Public Transportation for Low17. The Stranded Poor: Recognizing the Importance of Public Transportation for Low--IncomeIncome
Households, Issue Brief (2008), Households, Issue Brief (2008), National Association for State Community Services ProgramsNational Association for State Community Services Programs
(NASCSP), Washington D.C.(NASCSP), Washington D.C.
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of Urban Development (MOUD), Government of India.of Urban Development (MOUD), Government of India.
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