Integration of Forward Detectors, ZDC, and CASTOR into CMS Experiments
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Transcript of Integration of Forward Detectors, ZDC, and CASTOR into CMS Experiments
Integration of Forward Detectors, ZDC, and CASTOR into CMS
Experiments
Kevin ReynoldsMichael Murray, Mentor
David d'Enterria, Co-mentor2006 Michigan REU at CERN
July 28, 2006 REU Status Report II 1
Review of Project GoalsReview of Project Goals
Assist in the integration of forward detectors, ZDC, and CASTOR into CMS experiment
Work on layout of electronics for ZDC and modification of existing CMS HF electronics to produce technical triggers
for CMS global trigger
Assist with beam tests of ZDC and CASTOR and the analysis of the test beam data
July 28, 2006 REU Status Report II 2
Integration of the Zero Degree CalorimeterIntegration of the Zero Degree Calorimeter
ZDC2INTERACTION
POINT
ZDC1
z
The main components for the EM and HAD sections (tungsten, PMTs, fibers, frame, etc.) were shipped on Tuesday and Wednesday to the Previssin site
Installation of parts begins this weekend Readout cables were cut earlier this week
and are being delivered by CERN Beam tests on the ZDC will hopefully begin
late Monday or early Tuesday of next week
July 28, 2006 REU Status Report II 3
Readout Unit (RU)
Unpacks data so that events can be triggered and read
Data Concentrator Card (DCC)
Packs data from events
Hadronic Trigger Region (HTR)
Accepts digital signal
Calculates deposited energy and time of flight
Decides which events to save
Electronic Layout for ZDCElectronic Layout for ZDC
PMT QIE HTR DCC CPURUZDC
Photomultipler Tube (PMT)
Converts photons to electrons via photoelectric effect
Electrons drawn across HV
Cascade of electrons produced from collisions with dynodes
Charge Integrator and Encoder (QIE)
Accepts analog signal (parallel)
Converts analog to digital
Sends out digitized signal through optical fibers (serial)z
July 28, 2006 REU Status Report II 4
As the refraction index of the gas is increases, the emission angle of Cherenkov radiation also increases.
Cherenkov Angle v. Proton Beam Momentum
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Proton Beam Momentum [GeV/c]
Ch
eren
kov
An
gle
[m
rad
] Nitrogen Gas
Carbon Dioxide
Freon 12
Helium Gas
Isobutane
Argon Gas
Index of Refraction
Preparation for Beam TestsPreparation for Beam Tests Gases to be used in the Cherenkov detectors upstream at the H2 CMS
site are N2, CO2, Freon, Helium, and Isobutane. Argon is used in the ZDC wire chambers.
cos θc = vt / v = c / (vn) = 1/ (βn)
Stationary With Respect to Particle
v>vt
n>1θ
v
July 28, 2006 REU Status Report II 5
Physics Trivia: Larger Than Life…
GIVEN…The Eiffel Tower is approximately
324 meters high! (http://www.tour-eiffel.fr)
324 meters ≈ 354 yards
QUESTION
If I grew in proportion to the same height as the Eiffel Tower, how much surface area would be covered by the bottom of my shoe?
My Height: 76 in Shoe Length: 13 in Shoe Width: 4.5 in
ANSWER
My shoe would cover a total area of
1,281 sq. yds.~¼ total area of a football
field!
July 28, 2006 REU Status Report II 6
Acknowledgements
• Ford• NSF• University of Michigan
– Dr. Homer Neal– Dr. Jean Krisch– Jeremy Herr
• Michael Murray, Mentor• David d'Enterria , Co-mentor• Staff at CERN Previssin site
July 28, 2006 REU Status Report II 7