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![Page 1: Integrating Vegetables Into Maize Based-Farming Systems in Babati District, Tanzania 4 th Review & Planning Meeting @ Magochi, Malawi July14-16, 2015 Victor.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081513/56649f355503460f94c52f0c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Integrating Vegetables Into Maize Based-Farming Systems in Babati
District, Tanzania4th Review & Planning Meeting @ Magochi, Malawi
July14-16, 2015
Victor Afari-Sefa - AVRDC-ESAInviolate DominicK – AVRDC-ESA
Philipo Joseph- AVRDC - ESADanny Coyne-IITA Ben Lukuyu- ILRI
Leonard Marwa- ILRI
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Synopsis Introduction Achievements on technology development during the 2015-
2016 production season
Key technologies
Economic Cost-benefit analysis of introduced technologies
Environmental impact caused by use of technology
Target activities to mature the technology
Tools produced
Conclusion
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WHY “Integration of vegetables into maize/legume - based farming
systems of Babati To optimize productivity and diversifying household diets and
income through promotion of increased consumption of nutrient dense vegetables
Evaluate diverse options for sustainable intensification of vegetables into crop and poultry enterprises and apply innovations that sustainably increase output from the same land area, while reducing negative environmental impacts.
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Vegetable maize intercropping
HOW?
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Vegetable maize Intercropping
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Vegetable, maize, legume, rotation
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Vegetable, maize, legume, rotation
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WHAT are the Technology introduced?1. Quality Seeds of Elite Varieties Year Introduced
Tomato (Tengeru 2010) 2013- 2015
Amaranths (Madiira 1) 2013-2015
African Egg plant (Tengeru white) 2013- 2015
Amaranths (Madiira 11) 2013 -2015Tomato (Tanya) 2014-2015
Sweet pepper (Yolo wonder) 2014-2015
Ethiopian mustard (Rungwe) 2014-2015 Night shade (Nduruma 2014-2015
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Technology cont….,
2. Healthy seedlings
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3. Good Agricultural Practice (GAP)Items Practices
1. Nursery establishment Use of good quality seeds, healthy seedlings, soil, treatment , good management
2. Field and land Management (cultural practices)
Timely planting base on cropping calendar, irrigation
3. Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
(Physical, chemical and biological methods)
4. Crop production Follow recommended demo protocols
5. Crop protection Health seedlings, good quality seeds, fencing, minimal pesticide application
6. Postharvest handling practices
Maturity index, Proper harvest, sorting and grading, packaging, storage and cooling, recipe preparation, preparations for marketing
7. Records Keeping track of what is happening on the farm
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GAP- Practices
• Manure application
•IPM
•Mulching
• Proper spacing
• Stalking
• Irrigation
• Weeding
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Use of empty water bottles for drip irrigation
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Farmers use A. Marygold to control nematode
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4. Vegetable –poultry integration
Use of vegetable and vegetable residues as
poultry feed to reduce pre and post harvest loss
Poultry droppings as manure in integrated
vegetable farming systems to enhance nutrient
recycling
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Poultry–house preparation in progress
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5. Mobile vegetable garden
Benefits Perfect solution for those with limited land Vegetables are easy to access for human consumption and
poultry feed Easy to manage Plants get good air circulation, decreased potential for
fungal diseases attack Keeps produce off the ground, preventing rotten on the
bottom or being chewed by mice or slugs Encourage more women to engage in vegetable production
and consumption
!
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Mobile garden at Matufa village farmers home
Pigeon pea residues for fencing mobile gardens and scavengers (poultry)
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Africa Research in Sustainable Intensification for the Next Generation
africa-rising.net
Profit margin variation btn treatments (expressed in % of the base-FSFPs )
Treatment impact Tomato African Eggplant Amaranths
Effect of HS+GAPs 130.58 119.45 109.72
Effect of HS only 47.98 29.59 106.66
Diff* 82.60 89.86 3.05
* Effect of Good Agronomic Practices (GAPs) only
Our findings
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Economic:Production Increase Production technologies involved the use of health seedlings and good agricultural
practices (researched against farmers seedlings farmer practices) in growing tomato,
African eggplant and Amaranth. The study shows that, tomato production increased
by 49.87%, eggplant production by 64.37% and Amaranths by 34.91% as follows
Increased tomato production from 35.6 t/ha (FS-FPs) to 58.0 t/ha (HS-GAPs
African eggplant production from 35.9 t/ha (FS-FPs) to 69.5 t/ha (HS-GAPs)
Amaranth production from 51.5 t/ha (FS-FPs) to 72.2 t/ha (HS-GAPs)
The average price for each crop at
the time of data collection in October
2014 was as shown
Crops Av. Price (TZS)/kg
Tomato 2,171.83
Amaranths 1,296.25
African eggplant 8,49.59
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Quantity consumed, quantity given as
gifts and losses after harvest are included
in the data, losses after harvest(caused by pest and diseases,
bird eaters) were deducted
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Economic: Undiscounted Benefit Cost Ratio
(BCR) The undiscounted BCR was computed from the data collected whereby
Tomato had BCR of 7.7 for HS-GAPs, 6.0 for FS-FPs; African eggplant had
BCR of 3.73 and Amaranths had BCR of 2.43 each obtained from an area of
0.0012ha
The BCR greater than 1 shows that adopting the use of health seedlings (HS)
developed from good quality elite seeds in combination with other GAPs make
vegetables a more profitable farming business though contribution of GAPs is
more evident by the profit margin variation between treatments as shown in the
next slide
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Economic: Undiscounted Benefit Cost Ratio
(BCR) UNDISCOUNTED BCR
Treatments N Tomato BCR AEP BCR Amaranths BCR
HS-GAPs 16 7.7 5.2 3.2
HS-FPs 16 7.4 3.9 2.0
FS-FPs 16 6.0 3.8 1.7
Total 48 7.0 4.3 2.3
Diff* (HSGAPs-FSFPs) 1.7 1.4 1.5
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Economic: cont...., In addition, the results show the possibility of the family to
generate for:
Tomato: An average income of US$ 59.40 per 0.0012 ha per
season
African eggplant: An average income of US$ 21.03 per
0.0012 ha per season
Amaranths: An average income US$ 8.30 per 0.0012 ha per
season
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Environmental impact caused by use of technology
Good quality seeds , Health seedling & GAP (+VE))
1. Incidence of pest and diseases reduction
2. Reduce amount of artificial fertilizer application & pesticide
3. Recycling – poultry droppings as manure , water bottles for irrigation and local containers, mulch, crop residues for livestock feeds e.g. poultry )
4. Postharvest handling practices Proper harvest, grading, cleaning, sorting, packaging and storage
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Pest incidence on tomato
TREATMENTS
1. Healthy seedlings, GAP
2. Healthy seedlings farmer practice
3. Farmer seedlings, farmer practice
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Pest incidence on tomato
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Target activities to mature the technology
Capacity building through: Training of extension agents and farmer trainers
(Farming as a business, postharvest handling and processing, pest management and pesticide use)
Practical training in demonstration plots stage by stage crop-wise
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Vegetable/maize/legume integration Sensitization meetings in AR project sites Facilitation and establishment of demonstration
plots categorized best practices (HS/GAP) and normal practices
Joint field visit (feedback and improvement) Preparation of farmer friendly training materials
(pamphlets, brochures, posters)
Target activities cont…...,
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Target activities cont…...,
Assess the costs and returns of each promoted technology & data sharing
Compare results of new technologies with farmer standard practices
Graduation and provision of certificates Scaling out technologies to neighboring community and other areas/ villages
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Target activities cont…,At least 300 additional farmers become aware of and
are engaged in additional elite AVRDC vegetable variety evaluation for adaptation in target communities
Appropriate ICPM of vegetable pest and diseases developed to realize the opportunity for vegetables integrated into existing farming systems
At least 2 community seedling units established within two target project villages following initial mobilization, training and set-up.
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Target activities cont…,
Market information and/linkages for farm households to access vegetables markets established
At least 1 best-bet technology for optimizing water harvesting and/or water use efficiency for vegetables identified for subsequent dissemination to beneficiary farmers
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Target activities cont…,
At least 1 best-bet technology for enhanced optimal nutrient recycling of vegetable-poultry integration in the farming system conservation method for poultry feed and poultry dropping as organic manure of the project area identified and evaluated (in collaboration with livestock and feed research theme).
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Target activities to cont…,
At least two M.Sc. studies on the (i) economic cost benefit analysis of best-bet technological packages, (ii) vegetable poultry integration, (iii) ICPM analysis and policy recommendations completed.
Effective technological dissemination approaches for increased demand creation and promotion of selected elite vegetable varieties and scaling-up for increased vegetable consumption within maize-based cropping systems evaluated.
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Tools produced Demonstration protocols for Tomato, A. Eggplant,
Amaranths, S. pepper, E. mustard and Nightshade
Extension training materials and Farmer learning materials (pamphlets, brochures, posters hand outs with regard to GAP, postharvest handling technologies, farming as a business, vegetable preparation and consumption
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Tools produced cont...., Vegetable crops integration production guide Quality Seeds of Elite Varieties & Health seedlings Demos as farmer schools Recipe preparation guide Monitoring and record keeping forms and farmer
record book in local languge
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Tools produced cont....,Vegetable - poultry integration One scientific report and poster on preliminary
survey produced Location and set up of poultry structure for
manure collection Trained Extension agent & Farmers to facilitate
technology adoption
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Farmers using the guide during recipe preparation practical training
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Extension agent are role models in
technology adoption
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Conclusion Document good practice/technologies
Data sharing
Communicate research to stakeholders to make technology work
Gender integrationCome up with strategies/technology to increase
more female in project
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END
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!!! ???
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THANK YOU