title style

Integrated Institutions for Integrated Solutions

Professor Greg Marsden

Institute for Transport Studies

University of Leeds

Institute for Transport Studies FACULTY OF EARTH AND ENVIRONMENT

title style Integration

• Strategic

– between policies for different modes

– between policies on infrastructure, management, information and pricing

– between transport and land use

• Operational

– interchanges

– fares, service levels, information

title style Transport for London

• Its main role is to implement the Mayor's Transport Strategy for London and manage transport services across the Capital for which the Mayor has responsibility. Services include: – London's buses – London Underground – Docklands Light Railway (DLR) – London Overground – Tramlink – London River Services – Victoria Coach Station

• Other roles include – Managing the Congestion Charge – Maintaining 580km of main roads and all of London's traffic lights – Regulating the city's taxis and private hire trade – Dial-a-ride, Taxicard and travel for mobility impaired – Promoting a range of walking and cycling initiatives

title style Transport for London and the Boroughs

• 95% of the road network is managed by the Boroughs

• Local Implementation Plans and grant funding

title style London Key Statistics

title style London key statistics

title style Importance of funding certainty

• 5 year funding settlement from central government

title style Income vs expenditure

Source: TfL Business Plan

title style Integration of Land-Use and Transport

• New regeneration sites

• Borrow against Community Infrastructure Levy

title style Innovation in Financing

title style Incentives for efficiency

• Incentives are there to save so can borrow and reinvest

• £294m of savings in 2014/15

• £1bn of engineering savings from Cross Rail

title style Role of local accountability

• Annual business plan

• Annual performance reporting

• GLA scrutiny committee

title style A site of national innovation

Source: The Guardian – Graham Robertson Source: TwoWheelsGoodFourWheelsBad.blogspot.com

Source: www.jeremyjacobs.com Source: The Guardian – Daniel Berehulak

title style 4 critical governance dimensions

• Strategy

• Coordination and Legal Status

• Delivery

• Funding and Finance

title style Governance Reforms - Manchester

• 10 districts – Greater Manchester Combined Authority

• Comprised of 33 elected members from the Districts - but not ‘directly accountable’

• Transport for Greater Manchester – Strategy – Full control

– Coordination and legal status – Legal entity, partial coordination (buses, rail)

– Delivery – all non-rail major schemes

– Funding and financing – With more limits than London

title style Scale

title style And there is not a Mayor...

title style Governance Reforms – Kuala Lumpur

• 20 years in the discussion

• Reform done at national level as laws not really configured for regional body

• Core capacities also held nationally

• Led by Prime Minister (initially)

• Tackled corruption in licensing system

Source: www.exploration-online.co.uk

title style Governance Reforms – Kuala Lumpur

• Governance reform (SPAD)

– Strategy – Full control (but unwilling partners) and planning filter

– Coordination and legal status – Legal entity, partial coordination (licensing)

– Delivery – oversight

– Funding and financing – Largely held by other central government departments

Source: www.exploration-online.co.uk

title style Governance Reforms - Bangalore

• UMTA established to access funds from national government

• No legal status

• Politically unappealing position

• No technical capacity

• Existing agencies lost none of their funds or delivery remit

• Easy strategies possible but no major changes

• Other governance reforms hang over UMTA

title style Governance Reforms - Bangalore

• Reforms

– Strategy - partial

– Coordination and legal status – weak and no powers

– Delivery – none

– Funding and financing – through other agencies

title style Some concluding thoughts

• Integrated solutions to cross-cutting problems • Key elements of effective institutional frameworks

– Strategy – Coordination and Legal Status – Delivery – Funding and Finance

• Governance reforms are a process • First stage of the process is critical

– Integration of remit important – strategy owner – ‘Long-term’ funding settlements – Financial freedoms – Joint funder status

• Democratic accountability – facilitator • Technical and financial capacity - important

title style

Thank You

G.R.Marsden@its.leeds.ac.uk