Instrument (Conveyor System)

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Instrumentation and Measurement

Techniques


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1.0 Introduction

2.0 Application Selection3.0 System Development Methodology

4.0 Hardware Selection

- Sensor Selection

-Working Principle of Sensor

-DAQ

-Hardware Setup

-Design of Conveyor System

5.0 Software Development

-Algorithm Flow Chart

-Calibration

-Front Panel & Block Diagram

6.0 Conclusion


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Introduction & ApplicationSelection

Objective:*To design and develop an instrument.

Physical Quantities Selection:

*Displacement

*Speed

Application Selection:

*Conveyor System

Sensors Selection:

*Linear potentiometer

*Hall-effect sensor


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System DevelopmentMethodology

Planning

Analysis

Design

Implementation


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Hardware Selection

AdvantagesLinear Potentiometer Hall Effect Sensor

Easily available. Non-contact operation so there is

no wear and friction.

Low cost. Can be used over wider range of

speed operation.

Easy to understand and use. Able to measure zero speed.

High amplitude output. Immune to dust, air, water.

Proven technology. Wide temperature range.

Highly repeatable operation.


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Linear Potentiometer:

Hall-Effect Sensor:


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White wire ( To convert analog signal

to digital signal) connected to the AI0 for linear

potentiometer sensor and A11 to the

Hall-Effect sensor

Red Wire (Supply voltage to sensor)

Connected to 5V

Black Wire

Connected to the ground


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Linear potentiometer

Linear potentiometer senses the displacement

caused by the mass.

measured and translated into mass reading

through the LabVIEW program.

Conveyor belt


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Hall Effect sensor produce one output perrevolution.

translated into the speed reading through the

LabVIEW program.


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Software Development

f RPM V mm kg

No No

Yes Yes Yes

Start

UnderloadOverload OK

Display

mass = 5

1.726

0.1141 6

Read mass

Display

speed

= 60

Read speed

Stop

m < 9 kgm > 11 kg m > 9 kg

= 0.1885

Display

speed

f m/s


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Displacement(m

m)

Voltage(V)

0 4.90884

1 2.92276

2 2.09777

3 1.52741

4 1.38482

5 1.12001

6 1.03853

7 0.92650

8 0.82465

9 0.69224

10 0.32558

y = -0.3382x + 3.3065

-1

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Voltage,

(V)

Displacement, (mm)

Voltage vs Displacement

= 0.3382 + 3.3065

, = 0.3382 /


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Displacement(mm)

Voltage(V)

6 1.038537 0.92650

8 0.82465

9 0.69224

y = -0.1141x + 1.726

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

0 2 4 6 8 10

Voltage

,(V)

Displacement, (mm)

Voltage vs DisplacementSample calculation at7mm:

Gradient, m = -0.1141

y-intercept, c= 1.726

= 0.1141 + 1.726

,

= 0.1141 /


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From Newtons second law:

F = mg-------(1)From Hookes law:

F = kx-------(2)

(1)=(2)mg = kx

m = (k/g) x

Let m = 15kg and Xrange = 0.003m

m = (k / 9.81) (0.003)

k = 49050 N/m


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m = ( 49050/9.81)x

m = 5000x-----(m)

m = 5x-----(mm)

Using offset 6 mm,

x = [(v-c)/m] - 6

Hence,

When x = 7.007, m = 5[(7.007) -6] = 5.035kg

5.035kg will displaced 1 mm. As 3 mm are used, thus it will reach

max mass of 15.015kg.

= 5 1.7260.1141 6


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Displacement (mm) Expected mass reading (kg)

1 5.035

2 10.070

3 15.105


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The average frequency is about 4 RPS, or 240 RPM. This reading can be verified by anothersensor, which is the tachometer. A tachometer is an instrument measuring the rotation speed of a

shaft or disk, as in a motor or other machine. The reading shown by the tachometer is about 4

RPS too.


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Period,

T

Rotational speed,

=1

= ()

= 60

1 = 60


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*


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THANKYOU

Instrument (Conveyor System)

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