Instrucal III

7/22/2019 Instrucal III

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INSTRUCAL

CONTROL VLAVE SIZING.GAS. LIQUID AND TWO PHASE FLOWControl Valve Help Contents

This is a program for calculating the size of control valves

For help on each screen: Press F1.

OverviewProgram Features

Calculation Menu

Program Lead SheetControl Valve Calculation for liquids

Calculation Engineering Units for liquids

Control Valve Two Phase CalculationCalculation Printout

Data Sheet

Control Valve Calculation for Gases

Summary PrintoutCalculation Engineering Units for Gases

Calculation Routines

Program Data File SpecificationImporting Data into a Calculation

Pressure Drop Calculation

Pipe Size DataWater Hammer Calculation for liquids

CONTROL VALVES -- Program Overview

Version 5 has the capability of sizing the valves on an installed basis. First, the valve is

sized for normal static flow as Case 2. Scroll bars in Case 1 increase the flow, the program

computes the system flow and calculates the inlet pressure, valve pressure drop and fluidproperties. The maximum controllable flow for the selected valve can be easily

determined. Similarly scroll bars for Case 3 determine the minimum controllable flow.

This solves the mystery of system flow. It clearly shows how the available pressure dropand fluid properties can vary considerably for different rates of flow and the optimum

control valve size and type can be found.

Three Programs are provided --

Liquid Flow

Gas Flow Two Phase Flow

Each program will calculate and save three different cases of flow conditions and

has access to a sub program which will calculate the available control valve inlet pressuresand pressure drops in the piping system for each case.

Options for each valve calculation are

Calculate Valve Size

Calculate Flow Rate


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Calculate Pressure Drop

Each uses the same formulas, rearranged to calculate the unknown variable.Once the pressure and temperature is entered the process data can be automatically

entered using the Properties option and selecting the pure or mixture of process fluids from

the Fluid Properties data bank.

The valve pressure drop can then be calculated using the Calculate System PressureDrop option.

In Version 5.0 an additional input box was added for the control valve elevation, the

headings of boxes for input and discharge pipe elevations was changed to inlet pipe startelevation and discharge pipe end elevation. The inputs to these boxes are now the plant

elevations. This clarifies and simplifies the data and will require a change to exising data.

In this calculation, after entering the source and destination pressure and details and

elevations of the piping system, it will calculate the inlet pressure and pressure drop for

each case. This data can be transferred to the valve calculation. Back in the calculation,

the pressure has most likely changed making it necessary to reelect the process data fromthe fluid properties option, if the numbers are significantly different, rerun the pressure

drop program.

The programs have a data base of Typical Valves so that different valve data can beentered into the calculation in order to make the best selection. Try several and calculate

until a valve style and size is selected which has the rangeability and does not have

cavitation or noise problems. When a final selection is made the exact manufacturers datacan be entered for a final calculation.

Finally, for liquid valves, take the option for the Minimum Closing Time this is the

Water Hammer program to determine if a special closing time is required to avoid waterhammer.

General

If changes are made to data recalled from file, the data will be displayed in the colorselected for changed data. This will assist in recognizing the affect the changes make to

other calculations and the data sheet.

Sizing PhilosophyEach manufacturer has his own formula for determining the valve size, the valve

noise and the cavitation characteristics. This program uses the ISA sizing formulas, it uses

the Masoneilan noise prediction method and incipient cavitation technique. The object ofthe program is to determine the valve size, the cavitation, flashing and noise problems and

prepare a data sheet suitable for bid purposes. Some manufacturers may differ from these

conclusions, usually the variations are minor and do not change the size and style.

Occasionally the noise and cavitation characteristics will differ so that some engineeringjudgment will be called for. The failure of a valve because of cavitation erosion is not

unheard of and can be extremely expensive. Sometimes a change in body style is sufficient

to eliminate the problem, hardened trim may be required. The cost at this time is usuallysmall.. Some users will not even tolerate incipient cavitation. Be wary of the person trying

for a cost advantage, months later when the valve has failed, he will sell you a new valve

and you may have a huge bill.

(Ver 5.0)


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The typical valve data file is an ASCII text file, three options of files are now

available. They can be modified from within the program. The standard file is based onMasoneilan data. If you prefer another manufacturer then edit the other valve files to

whatever you choose. If the manufacturer does not use the incipient cavitation factor (Kc)

then enter a zero or leave the box empty. ISA S75 shows data for a typical file.

CONTROL VALVE Program Features

Perform sizing calculationsCalculate either.-- Control valve size, Flow rate or Pressure drop

Calculate piping system pressure drop

Calculate the cavitation indexCalculate the noise level

Supply typical valve data

Supply fluid properties at flow conditions

Supply steam dataSupply pipe sizes

Use English or SI engineering units in any mixture

Use mass or volume flow unitsImport process data

Print a calculation sheet using the Windows Print Manager

Save the dataPrepare instrument data sheets

WUSIWUG style

Initially general- sheets for bid purposesSupply data base of standard specification items

After vendor selection, revise for permanent records

Print a data sheet using the Windows Print Manager

Save the data

Print a summary of saved records

Print all recordsPrint selected records

Print only records having required characteristics

CONTROL VALVE Program Menu Options

New calculation

Select the required calculation option and the fluid option, then select OK(or double-click if at least one of the options is already selected).

File

Default filesRecalls file data using the files in the default drives and paths.

Other files

Recalls file data using the Windows file selection procedure.Data file maintenance

Edit Tag Numbers


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Provides the facility to change the Tag Numbers on file.

Or delete records from file.Sort data file

Rearrange the Tag Numbers in ascending order.

Delete the items marked if the edit was saved.

(Version 5.0)Data files

Path for the default calculation data files.

User unitsPath for the user selection set of engineering units.

Headings

Path for the printout headings.There are three paths. If a Drive and Path different from the Default Path and Drive

provided in the initial Set Up Procedure was used, the program will update them to the

Drive and Path which was installed. They are saved in sequential file CVWCALC.DRV

which resides with the programs. To check or change the paths, either call up the Drive andPath for edit or use a text editor to or change the file contents.

Convert V3 file stage 2

InstruCalc version 3 file conversion to Windows format.

Edit Tables (Version 5.0)

InstruCalc uses Data Tables for Gas, Liquid,Pipe Size and Pipe Modulus properties,these contain data from which exact properties for the flow conditions are calculated. It also

has 3 tables for Valve data. These option provides an easy means of customizing them.

Items can be added, inserted, deleted and changed. Restrictions are built into the MaterialsCoefficient of Expansion table on insertion and deletion because the row number is used to

save data in the calculations.

Each program can edit the tables used in the program. Take note that some, such as

the Gas, Liquid and Pipe Size are used by other programs and may include data requiredonly by them.

Editing is performed by either clicking the appropriate line in the Grid or entering the linenumber in Row to Edit and clicking Recall Row. Edit the data and Load Row to the Grid.

When a box in the edit line is clicked, information on the data required is displayed above.

Save Grid overwrites the old file. A backup file is recommended before you start. The filename is in the heading of the Edit Form and the files are in the program directory.

Note that data cannot be edited directly in the grid.

Exit

Exits from InstruCalc to Windows Program Manager.

Color

Provides color options for InstruCalc displays, using the Windows palette.

Note that colors for scroll bars, command buttons, disabled text, borders etc., are selected

through the Windows Control PanelPrint Summary

Goes to the print summary program.


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CONTROL VALVES Program Lead Sheet

This is only displayed as the program is loading.

(Ver 5.0)

Control Valve Size Liquid Calculation

Three calculation cases are available, the data sheet program uses Case 1 as the maximum

flow condition, Case 2 as the normal flow condition and Case 3 as the minimum flowcondition. Other than this, cases can be used as required.

If the piping configuration and the source and destination pressure is known, the

inlet pressure and the pressure drop across the valve can be calculated using the Calculatepressure drop option.

Version5 Three Typical valve data selections for many different valve types are

available to download into the calculation. The selections should be edited for the user

requirements. Refer to ISA S75 for a guide. Kc is the incipient cavitation factor, If themanufacturer does not provide it, then substitute the FL factor.

Process data for many different fluids and mixtures can be downloaded into the

calculation.If the valve is controlling a long column of liquid, the minimum valve closing time

should be calculated using the closing time option.

The data files are in ASCII format and can be customized to the users preference.Engineering Units

There are four standard unit sets and one user selected set available -

Mass Flow - English units. Pounds per hour and degrees FahrenheitVolume Flow - English Units. US gallons per minute and degrees Fahrenheit

Mass Flow - SI Units. Kilograms per second and degrees Centigrade

Volume Flow - SI Units. Litres per second and degrees Centigrade

User Units. A set of units selected from the Liquid Flow Engineering Unit screenTo make or change a User Unit set select the option Review units.

The Liquid Flow Engineering Unit screen will be displayed. It shows the available optionsand the current unit selection.

Select the required units and save the User file.

Unit SelectionA new calculation loads the default units, which can be any of the five available

options. It is set up by selecting the required units under the Engineering Units menu,

then going back into the same menu and saving it as the default. Two defaults are

available, one for liquids, set in the liquid calculation and one for gas, set in the gascalculation.

If process data is downloaded to a calculation which is displaying the wrong units,

any of they can be overwritten with any of the five standard unit options without convertingany of the data. To do this, under the Engineering Units menu, select the option Change

units, no conversion , this will then allow one selection from the menu without conversion

and then revert to normal operation.


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The Unit Selection can be made at any time. The input data will be converted to the new

units. If a volumetric flow unit set is selected and the specific gravity is not available theflow is set to zero. Units for any individual input entry can be changed by the selecting the

Review Units option and choosing from the Liquid Flow Engineering Unit screen.

Base Conditions

The Base Conditions option will display the current values of base pressure, basetemperature and barometric pressure. They should be checked and modified and saved to

suit the operating conditions. AGA specifies a base pressure of 14.73 psia for natural gas,

14.696 for liquids with a vapor pressure equal or less than one atmosphere, and a basetemperature of 60 degF.

Fluid Properties

The Fluid properties option is enabled when the pressure and temperature areentered. The properties required for a calculation are available for pure liquids and

mixtures and are provided in the selected units. Caution should be used for mixtures of

dissimilar fluids because the mixture law may not apply.

For a pure liquid find the name and select (or double-click) the name, the fluidproperties will be entered.

For a mixture select the first component. In the component box, enter the

percentage. Continue until the remaining percentage equals zero, then select calculate inthe component box and the program will calculate and enter the mixture values. The fluid

properties data base is user updateable

Calculation options areValve size

Flowrate

Pressure dropSelect the Calculation option and the necessary input data is enabled. The required variable

will be disabled and will receive the calculated value. The Pressure drop and Flowrate

options are back calculations with those being the only unknowns in the valve calculation.

ProcedureThe enabled input boxes define the data required for the calculation.

To Calculate the Valve Size

Enter the flow rates, the flow temperature and your best estimate of the inletpressure.

Select the option Case 1 properties and select the fluid. Repeat for Case 2 and 3.

The program expects that Case 1 will be the maximum flow, Case 2 the average andCase 3 the minimum. The standard typical file supplies valve data for 100% 50% and 10%

of valve capacity

The process data are calculated from published formulae, it is sufficiently accurate formost calculations. If you have more accurate data it can be manually entered.

The percent of system flow input enables the valve size and valve rated to be

calculated for the typical valve data in each case.Enter then inlet and outlet nominal pipe sizes

Select wall and download the wall thickness.

If the pressure drop is unknown then select the option Calculate pressure drop.The Pressure Drop Calculation Form will be displayed.


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Enter the piping configuration, the pipe lengths, the pipe material and the pipe

condition.Enter the source pressure and the inlet equipment losses.

Enter the outlet equipment losses and the destination pressure.

Calculate by clicking Case 1, Case 2 and Case 3

Analyze the data, if the source pressure is a centrifugal pump the pressure willdecrease with an increase of flow. Change and calculate.

The input boxes for minimum and maximum flow source pressures are only used

for the dynamic sizing described below.Click Case 1,2 and 3 to transfer data to the valve calculation.

Click OK to go back to the Valve Calculation.

The new inlet pressure and the pressure drop have been added.If the new inlet pressure is significantly different, download the process data again.

Select the Typical Valve Data option and choose the valve type.

If Kc (the incipient cavitation index) is not available then leave the box blank.

Click Case 1, Case 2, and Case 3

The number appearing in the bottom right hand corner is the number of calculations

(i.e. the square root of (1+X) is 3) and logic operations(IF, And, OR), performed.Editing Data

If changes are made to data recalled from file, the data will be displayed in the color

selected for changed data. This will assist in recognizing the affect the changes make toother calculations and the data sheet.

If the calculated percent of valve is more than the percent of system flow an error

message will ask if you wish to increase the valve size, this will enable you to optimize thevalve size. Once a value for the valve size is available, the program will only overwrite it

via the error message. If you wish to start over, then zero out the valve size and

recalculate, or just overwrite your desired valve and rated sizes and recalculate. The

relationship between the percent of system flow and the percent of valve capacity is anindication of the valve rangeability, the excess capacity of the valve and the normal

operating capacity of the valve. It should be noted that the typical valve data values for are

based on the system percentage flow whereas they are really dependent on the percentageof valve opening. This is normally insignificant but can be overwritten if desired.

The output data should be examined for adequacy.The flow status should be normal.

If not try different valve styles.

If cavitation persists, specify cavitation trim.

If flashing is occurring, hard trim should be specifiedIf the valve size is larger than the line size then either the flowrate or line size is

incorrect.

Will the valve control at the pressure drops and percent of valve in the output data?Change data as required and recalculate until a satisfactory valve is found.

If you are going out for bids, then this data is adequate.

If the manufacturer has been determined, then overwrite the typical data with themanufacturers data for the selected valve style and recalculate.

Dynamic Valve Sizing (Version 5.0)


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Very often the only process data available is for normal flow. This is adequate for

calculating the normal Cv but is not adequate for sizing the maximum and minimum flows.The pressure loss in a piping system varies with the flowrate and since the object of

the control valve is to vary the flowrate, it follows that the control valves inlet pressure and

pressure drop and fluid properties will also vary with each change of flow and therefore the

required calculated Cv will not be linear with the rate of flow.

The manufacturers publish the range of Cv which a valve will successfully control.

Typically 2% to 100%. But because of the non-linearity of Cv and rate of flow, what rangeof flows will the combined control valve and piping system allow? (The system

rangeability).

Static control valve sizing requires that considerable manual data entry to be madeto find this out. It is a function of valve selection and pipe size with different process data

for each rate of flow

In the program, the valve and piping installation can be modeled to dynamically

find the system rangeability using the Scroll bars at the top of the Case 1 and Case 3buttons. This procedure requires the use of the subroutines in the options for Typical valve

data, Fluid properties and Calc system pressure drop.

First the valve is sized using static conditions for normal flow in Case2. Select the Typical

valve data option, Enter the normal pressure and temperature, select the Fluid properties

option, select the option to Calc the system pressure drop, enter the system data and thestatic normal flow conditions in Case2 and calculate. If the source pressure varies with

flowrate, as it will for centrifugal pumps and compressors, enter the static source pressures

for the maximum and minimum flowrates. Transfer Case2 data and click OK. to go back tothe Valve sizing form. If the valve inlet pressure is now different from that calculated in the

system pressure drop calculation, re-select the fluid properties and repeat the above

procedure.

Now, use the scroll bars to change the flowrates. Using the normal conditions as abase, the program will recalculate the equipment losses, recalculate the valve inlet pressure

and pressure drop, recalculate the fluid properties and recalculate the valve Cv. If values

for source pressure at maximum and minimum flowrates were entered in the Pressure dropcalculation form, then the source pressure is also recalculated for each flowrate. If the

input boxes are left blank, the normal static source pressure is used. While scrolling for the

maximum flow, if the calculated Percent of Cv exceeds 100 then a message box will ask ifa larger valve is required. A No answer will complete the calculation showing the Percent

of Cv to be greater than 100, a Yes will change the valve size and the show the appropriate

value and will require the recalculation of the other two cases.

Control valves very often have a rangeabilty of 50:1. If the maximum flow is scrolled up to

100 Percent of valve Cv and the minimum flow is scrolled to 2 Percent of valve Cv, (a

range of 50:1), then the system rangeability is the maximum flowrate divided by theminimum flowrate. It is usually a lot less than the 50:1 for the valve.

Is the rangeability adequate? Is a larger pipe required? At 100% of system flow

does the valve have a margin of extra capacity? Does it have too much? Is a smaller valverequired?. Can the flow be turned down far enough without the valve bouncing on the seat?

Is the pipe too large? Change the data to find the optimum conditions.


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The number at the bottom of the screen is the number of calculations performed to

achieve the results.

Filing and Moving On

The options in the File menu are --

Program menu -- Clears the calculation and returns to the main menu.Prepare data sheet --Is enabled after a calculation is made, it displays the screen to

prepare a data sheet form for the calculated item.

New - Clears the screen for a new calculation.Save - Using the default path, it saves a new record if not previously saved or saves

changes to an existing record.

Save New.-.Using the default path, it saves an existing record as a new record( Used to duplicate similar items. i.e. Recall an existing record. Edit as required and Save

New)

Save As.... - Uses the Windows file access system. Saves to a file anywhere.

Import data - Select the units and read Input data supplied in sequential files.File default path - Changes the default paths for the calculation records

The default paths are

The Data Files. (CVWDAT.TAG and CVWDAT.DAT).The User Unit Files. (CVWDAT.UNS)

The Printout Headings File (HEADINGS.DAT)

Print calculation - Is enabled after a calculation is made. It displays the screen toprint a calculation.

Exit -- Leaves the program and returns to the Windows Program Manager

CONTROL VALVE Liquid Engineering Units

The screen shows the process variables used in a liquid calculation and list the

available options. To assure full coverage each (Except Flow Time Base) has an Other

option. This is a user defined unit. Double click the option and it will display the nameand multiplier to convert it to the standard units. The standard unit is always the first item

in the list.

The screen shows the current selection. Any unit may be chosen and will be used inthe calculation if OK is selected.

To create a User File for the User File Unit option in the calculation, select the

desired units and click the save buttonA double click on any unit option selects that option and returns to the calculation.

Data conversion

For all items except flow, the unit change represents only a multiplier to convert the

input data and the data is always converted. The Flow Quantity option has Mass andVolume options. The relationship between mass flow and volume flow is a multiplier and

the specific gravity of the fluid. If the flow units are changed from mass to volume, or

volume to mass and the specific gravity is not available the flow rate is set to zeroConversion factors and units are based on API 2564

Definition of units

Mass flow units :lb = pounds

kg = kilograms


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tonne = 1000 kg = 1Mg

g = gram

UKton = 2240 lb

USton = 2000 lb

Other = user defined mass unitVolume flow units :

USgal = US gallons

litre = litresft3 = cubic feet

UKgal = UK gallons

m3 = cubic metresbbl = barrels (42 US gallons)

cm3 = cubic centimetres

Other = user defined volumetric unit

Flow time base :/s = per second

/m = per minute

/h = per hour/d = per day

Gauge pressure :

psig = pounds per square inch gaugekPag = kiloPascals gauge

atg = atmospheres gauge

inhgg = inches of mercury gaugeMPag = megaPascals gauge

inH2Og = inches of water gauge

mmhgg = millimetres of mercury gaugebarg = bars gauge

kg/cm2g = kilograms per square centimetre gauge

Other = user defined gauge pressure unitPressure drop :

psi = pounds per square inch

kPa = kiloPascalsat = atmospheres

inhg = inches of mercury

MPa = megaPascals

inH2O = inches of watermmhg = millimetres of mercury

bar = bars

kg/cm2 = kilograms per square centimetreOther = user defined pressure drop unit

Absolute pressure :

psia = pounds per square inch absolutekPaa = kiloPascals absolute


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ata = atmospheres absolute

inhga = inches of mercury absoluteMPaa = megaPascals absolute

inH2Oa = inches of water absolute

mmhga = millimetres mercury of absolute

bara = bars absolutekg/cm2a = kilograms per square centimetre absolute

Other = user defined absolute pressure unit

Temperature :degF = degrees Fahrenheit

degF = degrees Centigrade

degR = degrees RankinedegK = degrees Kelvin

Other = user defined temperature unit

Velocity

ft/s = feet per secondm/s = metres per second

Other = user defined velocity

Viscosity :cp = centipoises

Pa.s = Pascal seconds

cs = centistokeskPa.s = kiloPascal seconds

Other = user defined viscosity unitPipe and valve diameter :

in = inches

mm = millimetres

cm = centimetresft = feet

m = metres

Other = user defined sizeLength and elevation :

ft = feet

m = metresOther = user defined length

Bulk Modulus & Modulus of elasticity)


kPa = kiloPascalsOther = user defined unit

Control Valve Size Two Phase Calculation

This is a combination of the liquid and gas programs. It is based on the effective specific

weight of the two-phase mixture. Cavitation is handled as a liquid, if there is a large amountof gas then cavitation is unlikely.


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Three calculation cases are available, the data sheet program uses Case 1 as the

maximum flow condition, Case 2 as the normal flow condition and Case 3 as the minimumflow condition. Other than this, cases can be used as required.

If the piping configuration and the source and destination pressure is known, the

inlet pressure and the pressure drop across the valve can be calculated using the Calculate

pressure drop option.(Version 5.0) Three Typical valve data selections for many different valve types are

available to download into the calculation. The selections should be edited for the user

requirements. Refer to ISA S75 for a guide.Process data for many different fluids and mixtures can be downloaded into the

calculation.

The data files are in ASCII format and can be customized to the users preference.Engineering Units


Mass Flow - English units.

Gas and liquid in pounds per hour and degrees FahrenheitVolume Flow - English Units.

Gas in standard cubic feet per minute and degrees Fahrenheit

Liquid in US gallons per minute and degrees Fahrenheit

Mass Flow - SI Units

Gas and liquid in kilograms per second and degrees CentigradeVolume Flow - SI Units.

Gas in standard cubic decimeters per second and degrees Centigrade

Liquid in litres per second and degrees CentigradeUser Units. A set of units selected from either the Liquid Flow Engineering Unit

or the Gas Flow Engineering Unit screen

To make or change a User Unit set select the option Review units.

The Liquid or Gas Flow Engineering Unit screen will be displayed. It shows theavailable options and the current unit selection.




then going back into the same menu and saving it as the default. Two defaults areavailable, one for liquids, set in the liquid calculation and one for gas, set in the gas

calculation.

If process data is downloaded to a calculation which is displaying the wrong units,

any of they can be overwritten with any of the five standard unit options without convertingany of the data. To do this, under the Engineering Units menu, select the option Change

units, no conversion , this will then allow one selection from the menu without conversion

and then revert to normal operation.

The Unit Selection can be made at any time. The input data will be converted to the new

units. If a volumetric liquid flow unit set is selected and the specific gravity is not availablethe flow is set to zero. Units for any individual input entry can be changed by the selecting


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the Review Units option and choosing from the Liquid or Gas Flow Engineering Unit

screen.Base Conditions

The Base Conditions option will display the current values of base pressure, base

temperature and barometric pressure. They should be checked and modified and saved to

suit the operating conditions. AGA specifies a base pressure of 14.73 psia for natural gas,14.696 for liquids with a vapor pressure equal or less than one atmosphere, and a base

temperature of 60 degF. ISO specifies 14.696 psia and 59 degF

Fluid PropertiesThe Fluid properties option is enabled when the pressure and temperature are

entered. The properties required for a calculation are available for either pure liquids or

gases and mixtures and are provided in the selected units. Caution should be used formixtures of dissimilar fluids because the mixture law may not apply.

For a pure liquid or gas find the name and select (or double-click) the name, the

fluid properties will be entered.

For a mixture select the first component. In the component box, enter thepercentage. Continue until the remaining percentage equals zero, then select calculate in

the component box and the program will calculate and enter the mixture values. The fluid

properties data base is user updateableCalculation options are

Valve size

FlowratePressure drop

Select the calculation option and the necessary input data is enabled. The required variable

will be disabled and will receive the calculated value. The Pressure drop and Flowrateoptions are back calculations with those being the only unknowns in the valve calculation.

Procedure

The enabled input boxes define the data required for the calculation.To Calculate the Valve Size

Enter the flow rates, the flow temperature and your best estimate of the inlet

pressure.Select the option Case 1 properties and select the fluid. Repeat for Case 2 and 3.

The program expects that Case 1 will be the maximum flow, Case 2 the average and

Case 3 the minimum. The standard typical file supplies valve data for 100% 50% and 10%of valve capacity

The process data are calculated from published formulae, it is sufficiently accurate

for most calculations. If you have more accurate data it can be manually entered.

The percent of system flow input enables the valve size and valve rated to becalculated for the typical valve data in each case.

Enter then inlet and outlet nominal pipe sizes

Select wall and download the wall thickness.If the pressure drop is unknown then select the option Calculate pressure drop.

The Pressure Drop Calculation Form will be displayed.

Enter the piping configuration, the pipe lengths, the pipe material and the pipecondition.

Enter the source pressure and the inlet equipment losses.


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Enter the outlet equipment losses and the destination pressure.

Calculate by clicking Case 1, Case 2 and Case 3

Analyze the data, if the source pressure is a centrifugal pump, the pressure will decrease

with an increase of flow. Change and calculate

The input boxes for minimum and maximum flow source pressures are only usedfor the dynamic sizing described below.

Click Case 1,2 and 3 to transfer data to the valve calculation.

Click OK to go back to the Valve Calculation.The new inlet pressure and the pressure drop have been added.

If the new inlet pressure is significantly different, download the process data again.

Select the Typical Valve Data option and choose the valve type.If Kc (the incipient cavitation index) is not available then leave the box blank.


The number appearing in the bottom right hand corner is the number of calculations

(i.e. the square root of (1+X) is 3) and logic operations(IF, And, OR), performed.Editing Data

If changes are made to data recalled from file, the data will be displayed in

the color selected for changed data. This will assist in recognizing the affect the changesmake to other calculations and the data sheet.

If the calculated percent of valve is more than the percent of system flow an errormessage will ask if you wish to increase the valve size, this will enable you to optimize the

valve size. Once a value for the valve size is available, the program will only overwrite it

via the error message,. If you wish to start over, then zero out the valve size andrecalculate, or just overwrite your desired valve and rated sizes and recalculate. The

relationship between the percent of system flow and the percent of valve capacity is an

indication of the valve rangeability, the excess capacity of the valve and the normal

operating capacity of the valve. It should be noted that the typical valve data values for arebased on the system percentage flow whereas they are really dependent on the percentage

of valve opening. This is normally insignificant but can be overwritten if desired.

The output data should be examined for adequacy.

The flow status should be normal.

If not try different valve styles.If cavitation persists, specify cavitation trim.

The valve size is larger than the line size then the flowrate or line size is incorrect.

Will the valve control at the pressure drops and percent of valve Cv in the output

data?Is the rangeability adequate? At 100% of system flow does the valve have a margin

of extra capacity? Does it have too much?. Is a smaller valve required.

Change data as required and recalculate until a satisfactory valve is found.If you are going out for bids, then this data is adequate.

If the manufacturer has been determined, then overwrite the typical data with the

manufacturers data for the selected valve style and recalculate.Dynamic Valve Sizing ((Version 5.0)


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Very often the only process data available is for normal flow. This is adequate for

calculating the normal Cv but is not adequate for sizing the maximum and minimum flows.The pressure loss in a piping system varies with the flowrate and since the object of

the control valve is to vary the flowrate, it follows that the control valves inlet pressure and





rangeability).

Static control valve sizing requires that considerable manual data entry to be madeto find this out. It is a function of valve selection and pipe size with different process data

for each rate of flow










procedure.









100 Percent of valve Cv and the minimum flow is scrolled to 2 Percent of valve Cv, (a

range of 50:1), then the system rangeability is the maximum flowrate divided by theminimum flowrate. It is usually a lot less than the 50:1 for the valve.





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The number at the bottom of the screen is the number of calculations performed to








Save New.-.Using the default path, it saves an existing record as a new record( Used to duplicate similar items. i.e. Recall an existing record. Edit as required and Save

New)








CONTROL VALVE Calculation Data Printout

This program will print the input and output calculation data and one associated

comment. The comment is included in the data sheet for reference purposes

It also creates the default printout headings. The headings are printed at the top ofall printouts. They are saved in the HEADINGS.DAT file. This is the third default path.

If all programs are set to the same path, this becomes the default headings for all program

printouts

Save. Saves the headings

Cancel. Returns to the calculation form without printing

OK. Prints the headings and calculation using the Windows Print Manager, then returns to

the calculation form

Control Valve Data Sheet

The first use of the data sheet is to obtain competitive bids. It should initiallyemphasize the engineering requirements and be fairly general regarding the details. When

a vendor is selected it should be updated to the exact details so that the data sheet is a

record of the instrument purchased.The data comes from three sources -

1. The valve detail data are entered and edited here.


17/46

2. All sizing and service data except for maximum conditions are from the calculation and

should be edited there. The default is for case 1 to be the maximum conditions and case 2the normal conditions. Should that not be the case use the options to insert the correct data.

3. The Service data for maximum conditions are initially selected as the maximum values

found in the calculation. They should be edited here, the new values will be saved and

displayed for future reference. In the case of a major edit the calculation can be searchedagain for maximum values and they will be displayed again for re-edit.

A user defined data base is available to enter the valve detail data for those inputs whichhave a limited number of options. To activate this, double click the input box, the data on

file is displayed. Double click the required option and the data is transferred to the data

sheet form.The data base should be customized for the project requirements. To edit the data;

click the selected item. Edit the data in the active top line, select Replace, continue with

the edit and Save on completion. The Input data menu option has option to enter either the

first or the second item in the list for all items. If the data base is constructed so that thefirst item is the first standard selection and the second item is the second standard selection

then two standard data sheets are available for a single keystroke. This feature only enters

data into empty input boxes.

Some input boxes require unique data which is typed in

Space is provided to enter information for non standard options. Enter the title anddata , it will be saved with the other data.

Three lines of notes of special instructions are available at the bottom of the data

sheet.The input data is limited to 25 characters and 60 characters for each of the notes.

The data sheet is saved along with the other data in the calculation options.

File options

Print data sheet Prints the data sheet using the Windows Print Manager. Refer toWindows Help

Go to calculation. Returns to the calculation form using the same record

Update headings Overwrites the headings with the current default set

Select font Uses the Windows Font Style system

Select printer Uses the Windows Print System

Control Valve Size Gas Calculation

Three calculation cases are available, the data sheet program uses Case 1 as the maximumflow condition, Case 2 as the normal flow condition and Case 3 as the minimum flow

condition. Other than this, cases can be used as required.

If the piping configuration and the source and destination pressure is known, theinlet pressure and the pressure drop across the valve can be calculated using the Calculate

pressure drop option.

(Version 5.0) Three Typical valve data selections for many different valve types areavailable to download into the calculation. The selections should be edited for the user

requirements. Refer to ISA S75 for a guide.


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Process data for many different fluids and mixtures can be downloaded into the

calculation.The data files are in ASCII format and can be customized to the users preference.

Engineering Units


Mass Flow - English units. Pounds per hour and degrees FahrenheitVolume Flow - English Units. Standard cubic feet per minute and degrees Fahrenheit

Mass Flow - SI Units. Kilograms per second and degrees Centigrade

Volume Flow - SI Units. Standard cubic decimeters per second and degrees CentigradeUser Units. A set of units selected from the Gas Flow Engineering Unit screen

To make or change a User Unit set select the option Review units.

The Gas Flow Engineering Unit screen will be displayed. It shows the availableoptions and the current unit selection.


Unit Selection

A new calculation loads the default units, which can be any of the five availableoptions. It is set up by selecting the required units under the Engineering Units menu,



If process data is downloaded to a calculation which is displaying the wrong units, any ofthey can be overwritten with any of the five standard unit options without converting any of

the data. To do this, under the Engineering Units menu, select the option Change units,

no conversion , this will then allow one selection from the menu without conversion andthen revert to normal operation.

The Unit Selection can be made at any time. The input data will be converted to the

new units. Units for any individual input entry can be changed by the selecting the Review

Units option and choosing from the Gas Flow Engineering Unit screen.Base Conditions


temperature and barometric pressure. They should be checked and modified and saved tosuit the operating conditions. AGA specifies a base pressure of 14.73 psia for natural gas,

14.696 for liquids with a vapor pressure equal or less than one atmosphere, and a base

temperature of 60 degF.

Fluid Properties

The Fluid properties option is enabled when the pressure and temperature are

entered. The properties required for a calculation are available for pure gases and mixturesand are provided in the selected units. Caution should be used for mixtures of dissimilar

fluids because the mixture law may not apply.

For a pure gas find the name and select (or double-click) the name, the fluidproperties will be entered.





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Calculation options are

Valve sizeFlowrate

Pressure drop

Select the calculation option and the necessary input data is enabled. The required variable

will be disabled and will receive the calculated value. The Pressure drop and Flowrateoptions are back calculations with those being the only unknowns in the valve calculation.

Procedure

The enabled input boxes define the data required for the calculation.To calculate the valve size

Enter the flow rates, the flow temperature and your best estimate of the inlet

pressure.Select the option Case 1 properties and select the fluid. Repeat for case 2 and 3.

The Data Sheet program expects that Case 1 will be the maximum flow, Case 2 the

average and Case 3 the minimum. The standard typical file supplies valve data for 100%

50% and 10% of valve capacityDouble click the Gas property input box and select the dbA gas property value

(This matches the gas sound pressure level calculation to the selected gas)The data are calculated from published formulae, it is sufficiently accurate for most

calculations. If you have more accurate data it can be manually entered.


Enter then inlet and outlet nominal pipe sizes.

Select wall and download the wall thickness.If the pressure drop is unknown then select the option Calculate system pressure

drop

The Pressure Drop Calculation Form will be displayed



Enter the outlet equipment losses and the destination pressure.Calculate by clicking Case 1, Case 2 and Case 3

Analyze the data, if the source pressure is a compressor the pressure will decrease

with an increase of flow. Change and calculateThe input boxes for minimum and maximum flow source pressures are only used

for the dynamic sizing described below.

Click Case 1, 2 and 3 to transfer data to the valve calculation.

Click OK to go back to the Valve Calculation.

The new inlet pressure and the pressure drop have been added.

If the new inlet pressure is significantly different, download the process data again.Then run the pressure drop calculation again.




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The number appearing in the bottom right hand corner is the sum of the number of

calculations (i.e. the square root of (1+X) is 3) and logic operations(IF. And. OR),performed.

Editing Data


selected for changed data. This will assist in recognizing the affect the changes make toother calculations and the data sheet.

If the calculated percent of valve is more than the percent of system flow an error message

will ask if you wish to increase the valve size, this will enable you to optimize the valvesize. Once a value for the valve size is available, the program will only overwrite it via the

error message,. If you wish to start over, then zero out the valve size and recalculate, or

just overwrite your desired valve and rated sizes and recalculate. The relationship betweenthe percent of system flow and the percent of valve capacity is an indication of the valve

rangeability, the excess capacity of the valve and the normal operating capacity of the

valve. It should be noted that the typical valve data values for are based on the system

percentage flow whereas they are really dependent on the percentage of valve opening.This is normally insignificant but can be overwritten if desired.

The output data should be examined for adequacy.The flow status should be normal.

If not try different valve styles.

Noise is only a problem at normal flows.If the noise level is too high download a low db valve.

If it is still too high then other devices may be necessary to reduce the pressure drop.

The valve size is larger than the line size then the flowrate or line size is incorrect.Will the valve control at the pressure drops and percent of valve in the output data?

Change data as required and recalculate until a satisfactory valve is found.

If you are going out for bids, then this data is adequate.

If the manufacturer has been determined, then overwrite the typical data with themanufacturers data for the selected valve style and recalculate.

Dynamic Valve Sizing (Version 5.0)

Very often the only process data available is for normal flow. This is adequate forcalculating the normal Cv but is not adequate for sizing the maximum and minimum flows.

The pressure loss in a piping system varies with the flowrate and since the object of

the control valve is to vary the flowrate, it follows that the control valves inlet pressure andpressure drop and fluid properties will also vary with each change of flow and therefore the


The manufacturers publish the range of Cv which a valve will successfully control.Typically 2% to 100%. But because of the non-linearity of Cv and rate of flow, what range

of flows will the combined control valve and piping system allow? (The system

rangeability).Static control valve sizing requires that considerable manual data entry to be made

to find this out. It is a function of valve selection and pipe size with different process data

for each rate of flowIn the program, the valve and piping installation can be modeled to dynamically

find the system rangeability using the Scroll bars at the top of the Case 1 and Case 3


21/46

buttons. This procedure requires the use of the subroutines in the options for Typical valve








procedure.Now, use the scroll bars to change the flowrates. Using the normal conditions as a

base, the program will recalculate the equipment losses, recalculate the valve inlet pressure








100 Percent of valve Cv and the minimum flow is scrolled to 2 Percent of valve Cv, (arange of 50:1), then the system rangeability is the maximum flowrate divided by the

minimum flowrate. It is usually a lot less than the 50:1 for the valve.




The number at the bottom of the screen is the number of calculations performed toachieve the results.

Filing and Moving OnThe options in the File menu are --

Program menu -- Clears the calculation and returns to the main menu.

Prepare data sheet --Is enabled after a calculation is made, it displays the screen to

prepare a data sheet form for the calculated item.New - Clears the screen for a new calculation.

Save - Using the default path, it saves a new record if not previously saved or saves

changes to an existing record.Save New.-.Using the default path, it saves an existing record as a new record

( Used to duplicate similar items. i.e. Recall an existing record. Edit as required and Save

New)Save As.... - Uses the Windows file access system. Saves to a file anywhere.

Import data - Select the units and read Input data supplied in sequential files.


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File default path - Changes the default paths for the calculation records

The default paths areThe Data Files. (CVWDAT.TAG and CVWDAT.DAT).

The User Unit Files. (CVWDAT.UNS)




Control Valve Summary

The program will provide a printout summary of data sheet records on file.

It can provide a printout of either --All fields

Selected fields

Fields equal to

Fields not equal toFields equal to or less than

Fields equal to or greater than

Fields less thanFields more than

Procedure for a new Summary

Select OptionsClear checks Clears all check on the form

Clear Other Data Clears all other data on the form

Make new field selectionsEach field has four boxes--

A check box to select the field

A box to specify the field width

A box to enter data to compareA box to specify the compare method (Double click for data)

Select data relationship

And or orClick Print to print using Windows Print Manager

File OptionsSave print options

Saves a standard printout

Go to Program Menu Form

Returns to program menu for further work on this moduleExit

Returns to the Windows Program Manager

Procedure for a standard printoutSelect Options

Recall saved options

PrintProcedure to print all fields

Select Options


23/46

Check all

PrintOther Options

Select font

Windows font selection procedure

Select PrinterWindows Print manager

CONTROL VALVE Gas Engineering UnitsThe screen shows the process variables used in a liquid calculation and list the

available options. To assure full coverage each (Except Flow Time Base) has an Other

option. This is a user defined unit. Double click the option and it will display the nameand multiplier to convert it to the standard units. The standard unit is always the first item

in the list.

The screen shows the current selection. Any unit may be chosen and will be used in

the calculation if OK is selected.To create a User File for the User File Unit option in the calculation, select the

desired units and click the save button

A double click on any unit option selects that option and returns to the calculation.Data Conversion

For all items except flow, the unit change represents only a multiplier to convert the

input data and the data is always converted. The Flow Quantity option has Mass andVolume options. The relationship between mass flow and volume flow is a multiplier and

the molecular weight of the gas, conversion can only be made when the molecular weight

has been entered.Conversion factors and units are based on API 2564

Definition of units

Mass flow units :

lb = poundskg = kilograms

tonne = 1000 kg = 1Mg

g = gramUKton = 2240 lb

USton = 2000 lb

Other = user defined mass unit

Volume flow units :

sft3 = standard cubic feet

sdm3 = standard cubic decimetressm3 = standard cubic metres

Msft3 = million standard cubic feet

Other = user defined volume unitTime base :

/s = per second

/m = per minute/h = per hour

/d = per day


24/46

Gauge pressure :



inhgg = inches of mercury gauge

MPag = megaPascals gaugeinH2Og = inches of water gauge

mmhgg = millimetres of mercury gauge

barg = bars gauge




kPa = kiloPascals

at = atmospheresinhg = inches of mercury

MPa = megaPascals

inH2O = inches of watermmhg = millimetres of mercury

bar = bars

kg/cm2 = kilograms per square centimetreOther = user defined pressure drop unit

Density

lb/ft3 = pounds per cubic footkg/m3 = kilograms per cubic metre

g/cm3 = grams per cubic centimetre

lb/in3 = pounds per cubic inch

Other = user defined density unitAbsolute pressure :

psia = pounds per square inch absolutekPaa = kiloPascals absolute

ata = atmospheres absolute

inhga = inches of mercury absoluteMPaa = megaPascals absolute

inH2Oa = inches of water absolute

mmhga = millimetres of mercury absolute



Temperature :degF = degrees Fahrenheit

degF = degrees Centigrade

degR = degrees RankinedegK = degrees Kelvin

Other = user defined temperature unit


25/46


26/46






If process data is downloaded to a calculation which is displaying the wrong units, any ofthey can be overwritten with any of the five standard unit options without converting any of

the data. To do this, under the Engineering Units menu, select the option Change units,

no conversion , this will then allow one selection from the menu without conversion andthen revert to normal operation.

The Unit Selection can be made at any time. The input data will be converted to the

new units. Units for any individual input entry can be changed by the selecting the Review

Units option and choosing from the Gas Flow Engineering Unit screen.Base Conditions


temperature and barometric pressure. They should be checked and modified and saved tosuit the operating conditions. AGA specifies a base pressure of 14.73 psia for natural gas,

14.696 for liquids with a vapor pressure equal or less than one atmosphere, and a base

temperature of 60 degF.

Fluid Properties

The Fluid properties option is enabled when the pressure and temperature areentered. The properties required for a calculation are available for pure gases and mixtures

and are provided in the selected units. Caution should be used for mixtures of dissimilar

fluids because the mixture law may not apply.

For a pure gas find the name and select (or double-click) the name, the fluidproperties will be entered.




Calculation options areValve size

Flowrate

Pressure drop

Select the calculation option and the necessary input data is enabled. The required variablewill be disabled and will receive the calculated value. The Pressure drop and Flowrate

options are back calculations with those being the only unknowns in the valve calculation.

ProcedureThe enabled input boxes define the data required for the calculation.

To calculate the valve size

Enter the flow rates, the flow temperature and your best estimate of the inletpressure.

Select the option Case 1 properties and select the fluid. Repeat for case 2 and 3.


27/46

The Data Sheet program expects that Case 1 will be the maximum flow, Case 2 the

average and Case 3 the minimum. The standard typical file supplies valve data for 100%50% and 10% of valve capacity

Double click the Gas property input box and select the dbA gas property value

(This matches the gas sound pressure level calculation to the selected gas)The data are calculated from published formulae, it is sufficiently accurate for most

calculations. If you have more accurate data it can be manually entered.


Enter then inlet and outlet nominal pipe sizes.

Select wall and download the wall thickness.If the pressure drop is unknown then select the option Calculate system pressure

drop

The Pressure Drop Calculation Form will be displayed



Enter the outlet equipment losses and the destination pressure.Calculate by clicking Case 1, Case 2 and Case 3

Analyze the data, if the source pressure is a compressor the pressure will decrease

with an increase of flow. Change and calculateThe input boxes for minimum and maximum flow source pressures are only used

for the dynamic sizing described below.

Click Case 1, 2 and 3 to transfer data to the valve calculation.Click OK to go back to the Valve Calculation.

The new inlet pressure and the pressure drop have been added.

If the new inlet pressure is significantly different, download the process data again.Then run the pressure drop calculation again.


Click Case 1, Case 2, and Case 3The number appearing in the bottom right hand corner is the sum of the number of

calculations (i.e. the square root of (1+X) is 3) and logic operations(IF. And. OR),

performed.Editing Data


selected for changed data. This will assist in recognizing the affect the changes make to

other calculations and the data sheet.If the calculated percent of valve is more than the percent of system flow an error message

will ask if you wish to increase the valve size, this will enable you to optimize the valve

size. Once a value for the valve size is available, the program will only overwrite it via theerror message,. If you wish to start over, then zero out the valve size and recalculate, or

just overwrite your desired valve and rated sizes and recalculate. The relationship between

the percent of system flow and the percent of valve capacity is an indication of the valverangeability, the excess capacity of the valve and the normal operating capacity of the

valve. It should be noted that the typical valve data values for are based on the system


28/46

percentage flow whereas they are really dependent on the percentage of valve opening.

This is normally insignificant but can be overwritten if desired.

The output data should be examined for adequacy.

The flow status should be normal.

If not try different valve styles.Noise is only a problem at normal flows.

If the noise level is too high download a low db valve.

If it is still too high then other devices may be necessary to reduce the pressure drop.The valve size is larger than the line size then the flowrate or line size is incorrect.

Will the valve control at the pressure drops and percent of valve in the output data?

Change data as required and recalculate until a satisfactory valve is found.If you are going out for bids, then this data is adequate.

If the manufacturer has been determined, then overwrite the typical data with the

manufacturers data for the selected valve style and recalculate.

Dynamic Valve Sizing (Version 5.0)Very often the only process data available is for normal flow. This is adequate for

calculating the normal Cv but is not adequate for sizing the maximum and minimum flows.

The pressure loss in a piping system varies with the flowrate and since the object ofthe control valve is to vary the flowrate, it follows that the control valves inlet pressure and





rangeability).

Static control valve sizing requires that considerable manual data entry to be made

to find this out. It is a function of valve selection and pipe size with different process datafor each rate of flow






option, select the option to Calc the system pressure drop, enter the system data and the

static normal flow conditions in Case2 and calculate. If the source pressure varies withflowrate, as it will for centrifugal pumps and compressors, enter the static source pressures

for the maximum and minimum flowrates. Transfer Case2 data and click OK. to go back to

the Valve sizing form. If the valve inlet pressure is now different from that calculated in thesystem pressure drop calculation, re-select the fluid properties and repeat the above

procedure.




29/46

for source pressure at maximum and minimum flowrates were entered in the Pressure drop

calculation form, then the source pressure is also recalculated for each flowrate. If theinput boxes are left blank, the normal static source pressure is used. While scrolling for the

maximum flow, if the calculated Percent of Cv exceeds 100 then a message box will ask if

a larger valve is required. A No answer will complete the calculation showing the Percent

of Cv to be greater than 100, a Yes will change the valve size and the show the appropriatevalue and will require the recalculation of the other two cases.

Control valves very often have a rangeabilty of 50:1. If the maximum flow is scrolled up to100 Percent of valve Cv and the minimum flow is scrolled to 2 Percent of valve Cv, (a

range of 50:1), then the system rangeability is the maximum flowrate divided by the

minimum flowrate. It is usually a lot less than the 50:1 for the valve.Is the rangeability adequate? Is a larger pipe required? At 100% of system flow

does the valve have a margin of extra capacity? Does it have too much? Is a smaller valve

required?. Can the flow be turned down far enough without the valve bouncing on the seat?

Is the pipe too large? Change the data to find the optimum conditions.The number at the bottom of the screen is the number of calculations performed to








Save New.-.Using the default path, it saves an existing record as a new record

( Used to duplicate similar items. i.e. Recall an existing record. Edit as required and SaveNew)






Print calculation - Is enabled after a calculation is made. It displays the screen to

print a calculation.Exit -- Leaves the program and returns to the Windows Program Manager

Control Valve SummaryThe program will provide a printout summary of data sheet records on file.

It can provide a printout of either --

All fieldsSelected fields

Fields equal to


30/46

Fields not equal to

Fields equal to or less thanFields equal to or greater than

Fields less than

Fields more than

Procedure for a new SummarySelect Options

Clear checks Clears all check on the form

Clear Other Data Clears all other data on the formMake new field selections

Each field has four boxes--

A check box to select the fieldA box to specify the field width

A box to enter data to compare

A box to specify the compare method (Double click for data)

Select data relationshipAnd or or

Click Print to print using Windows Print Manager

File Options

Save print options

Saves a standard printoutGo to Program Menu Form

Returns to program menu for further work on this module

ExitReturns to the Windows Program Manager

Procedure for a standard printout

Select Options

Recall saved optionsPrint

Procedure to print all fields

Select OptionsCheck all

Print

Other OptionsSelect font

Windows font selection procedure

Select Printer

Windows Print manager

CONTROL VALVE Gas Engineering Units

The screen shows the process variables used in a liquid calculation and list theavailable options. To assure full coverage each (Except Flow Time Base) has an Other

option. This is a user defined unit. Double click the option and it will display the name

and multiplier to convert it to the standard units. The standard unit is always the first itemin the list.


31/46

The screen shows the current selection. Any unit may be chosen and will be used in

the calculation if OK is selected.To create a User File for the User File Unit option in the calculation, select the

desired units and click the save button

A double click on any unit option selects that option and returns to the calculation.

Data ConversionFor all items except flow, the unit change represents only a multiplier to convert the

input data and the data is always converted. The Flow Quantity option has Mass and

Volume options. The relationship between mass flow and volume flow is a multiplier andthe molecular weight of the gas, conversion can only be made when the molecular weight

has been entered.

Conversion factors and units are based on API 2564Definition of units

Mass flow units :

lb = pounds

kg = kilogramstonne = 1000 kg = 1Mg

g = gram

UKton = 2240 lbUSton = 2000 lb

Other = user defined mass unitVolume flow units :

sft3 = standard cubic feet

sdm3 = standard cubic decimetressm3 = standard cubic metres

Msft3 = million standard cubic feet

Other = user defined volume unit

Time base :/s = per second

/m = per minute

/h = per hour/d = per day

Gauge pressure :



inhgg = inches of mercury gauge

MPag = megaPascals gaugeinH2Og = inches of water gauge

mmhgg = millimetres of mercury gauge

barg = bars gauge





32/46

kPa = kiloPascals

at = atmospheresinhg = inches of mercury

MPa = megaPascals

inH2O = inches of water

mmhg = millimetres of mercurybar = bars

kg/cm2 = kilograms per square centimetre

Other = user defined pressure drop unitDensity

lb/ft3 = pounds per cubic foot

kg/m3 = kilograms per cubic metreg/cm3 = grams per cubic centimetre

lb/in3 = pounds per cubic inch

Other = user defined density unit

Absolute pressure :

psia = pounds per square inch absolute

kPaa = kiloPascals absoluteata = atmospheres absolute

inhga = inches of mercury absolute

MPaa = megaPascals absoluteinH2Oa = inches of water absolute

mmhga = millimetres of mercury absolute



Temperature :

degF = degrees FahrenheitdegF = degrees Centigrade

degR = degrees Rankine

degK = degrees KelvinOther = user defined temperature unit

Velocity

ft/s = feet per secondm/s = metres per second

Other = user defined velocity

Viscosity :

cp = centipoises

Pa.s = Pascal seconds

cs = centistokeskPa.s = kiloPascal seconds

Other = user defined viscosity unit

Pipe and valve diameter :in = inches

mm = millimetres


33/46

cm = centimetres

ft = feetm = metres

Other = user defined size

Length and elevation :

ft = feetm = metres

Other = user defined length


34/46


35/46


36/46


37/46


38/46

PipeMatls As Integer 2 bytes

ValveTypes As String * 25 25 bytes.GasBasiss As String * 3 3 bytes

LiqBasiss As String * 3 3 bytes.

FS(0 To 27) As Single 112 bytes.Units conversion factor

GS0(0 To 27) As Single 112 bytes.GS1(0 To 27) As Single 12 bytes.

GS2(0 To 27) As Single 112 bytes.

UnS(0 To 27) As String * 8 224 bytes.Unit NamePDC0(1 To 6) As Single 24 bytes.

PDC1(1 To 6) As Single 24 bytes.

PDC2(1 To 6) As Single 24 bytes.

PDSs(1 To 6) As Single 24 bytes.

PDIs(1 To 14) As Integer 28 bytes.

WHs(0 To 11) As Single 48 bytes'Data sheet info

SDS(1 To 7) As Single '28 bytes.Spec inputs 1Norm dbA,2Max Flow,3Max

inletpress,4max SO press,5max temp,6Maxliqflo(2Ph)Calcs(1 To 4) As String * 15 60 bytes.Calc array selections

AraS(1 To 34) As String * 25 850 bytes.Data sheet array selections

Services(1 To 5) As String * 25 125 bytes.Data sheet service,line num, fluidNotess(1 To 3) As String * 60 180 bytes.Data sheet notes

Sheets(1 To 7) As String * 10 '70 bytes.Data sheet num,spec,rev,date,req,by,appr

End Type Record len=2194

_________________________________________________

PipeConds See pressure drop program

PipeMatls ------ditto---------ValveTypes Valve design type

GasBasiss "Mas" for gas mass calc, "Vol" for volume

LiqBasiss "Mas" for liquid mass calc, "Vol" for volume_________________________________________________

If ProgNum = 1 Then Program = "Control Valve - Liquid flow"

GSx(1) = Flow FS(1) UnS(1)GSx(2) = Flow temperature UnS(2)

GSx(3) = Inlet pressure FS(3) UnS(3)

GSx(4) = Valve pressure drop FS(4) UnS(4)

GSx(6) = Specific gravity at FTPGSx(7) = Viscosity at FTP FS(7) UnS(7)

GSx(8) = Vapor pressure FS(8) UnS(8)

GSx(26) = Critical pressure FS(26) UnS(26)GSx(14) = FL Coefficient at % flow

GSx(15) = Calculated CV

GSx(19) =.PercentFlowGS0(16) = Valve size FS(16) UnS(16)

GS1(16) = Valve rated Cv


39/46

GS2(16) = Valve Fd

GS0(17) = Valve rated FLGS1(17) = Valve rated XT

GS2(17) = Valve ratedKC

GS0(18) = Inlet pipe size FS(17) UnS(18)

GS1(18) = Outlet pipe size FS(17) UnS(18)

GS2(18) = Outlet pipe wall thickness FS(18) UnS(18)

GS0(21) = Base temperature UnS(21)GS0(22) = Base pressure FS(22) UnS(22)

GS0(23) = Barometric pressure FS(23) UnS(23)

SD(1) = Normal dbASD(6) = Maximum liquid flow FS(1) UnS(1)

SD(3) = Maximum inlet pressure FS(3) UnS(3)

SD(4) = Maximum shut off differential pressure FS(4) UnS(4)

SD(5) = Maximum temperature UnS(2)_____________________________________________________

Water hammer sub program

WHS(1) = Maximum flow FS(1) UnS(1)WHS(2) = Flow temperature UnS(2)

WHS(3) = Operating pressure FS(3) UnS(3)

WHS(4) = Maximum allowable pressure FS(3) UnS(3)WHS(5) = Specific gravity at FTP

WHS(6) = Liquid bulk modulus FS(27) UnS(27)

WHS(7) = Line elastic modulus FS(27) UnS(27)WHS(8) = Line length FS(25) UnS(25)

WHS(9) = Pipe inside diameter FS(18) UnS(18)

WHS(10) = Pipe wall thickness FS(18) UnS(18)

WHS(11) = Selected time secs

SDS(7) = Minimum time secs

________________________________________________________________If ProgNum = 2 Then Program = "Control Valve - Gas, Steam and Vapor flow"

GSx(0) = Flow FS(0) UnS(0)

GSx(2) = Flow temperature UnS(2)GSx(3) = Inlet pressure FS(3) UnS(3)


GSx(5) = Molecular weight

GSx(9) = Density FS(9) UnS(9)GSx(10) = Ratio of specific heats

GSx(11) = Critical pressure FS(11) UnS(11)

GSx(12) = Critical temperature UnS(12)GSx(14) = FL Coefficient at % flow


GSx(19) = Percent FlowGSx(27) = Acoustic efficiency

GS0(13) = Gas property dba


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GS1(13) = Valve rated efficiency

GS0(16) = Valve size FS(16) UnS(16)GS1(16) = Valve rated Cv

GS0(17) = Valve rated FL

GS1(17) = Valve rated XT

GS0(18) = Inlet pipe size FS(17) UnS(18)GS1(18) = Outlet pipe size FS(17) UnS(18)




SD(1) = Normal dbASD(2) = Maximum gas flow FS(0) UnS(0)

SD(3) = Maximum inlet pressure FS(3) UnS(3)


SD(5) = Maximum temperature UnS(2)__________________________________________________

If ProgNum = 3 Then Program = "Control Valve - Two Phase flow"

GSx(0) = Gas flow FS(0) UnS(0)

GSx(1) = Liquid flow FS(1) UnS(1)

GSx(2) = Flow temperature UnS(2)GSx(3) = Inlet pressure FS(3) UnS(3)


GSx(5) = Molecular weightGSx(6) = Specific gravity at FTP

GSx(7) = Viscosity at FTP FS(7) UnS(7)

GSx(8) = Vapor pressure FS(8) UnS(8)

GSx(9) = Density FS(9) UnS(9)GSx(10) = Ratio of specific heats

GSx(11) = Critical pressure FS(11) UnS(11)

GSx(12) = Critical temperature UnS(12)GSx(14) = FL Coefficient at % flow


GSx(19) = Percent FlowGSx(26) = Liquid critical pressure FS(26) UnS(26)

GSx(27) = Acoustic efficiency

GS0(13) = Gas property dba

GS1(13) = Valve rated efficiencyGS0(16) = Valve size FS(16) UnS(16)

GS1(16) = Valve rated Cv

GS2(16) = Valve rated FdGS0(17) = Valve rated FL

GS1(17) = Valve rated XT

GS2(17) = Valve rated KcGS0(18) = Inlet pipe size FS(17) UnS(18)

GS1(18) = Outlet pipe size FS(17) UnS(18)


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SD(1) = Normal dbA

SD(2) = Maximum liquid flow FS(1) UnS(1)SD(3) = Maximum inlet pressure FS(3) UnS(3)


SD(5) = Maximum temperature UnS(2)SD(6) = Maximum gas flow FS(0) UnS(0)

_____________________________________________________Pressure drop sub program

PDSS(1) = Inlet pipe length FS(25) UnS(25)

PDSS(2) = Inlet pipe ID FS(18) UnS(18)

PDSS(3) = Inlet pipe start elevation FS(25) UnS(25)PDSS(4) = Outlet pipe length FS(25) UnS(25)

PDSS(5) = Outlet pipe ID FS(18) UnS(18)

PDSS(6) = Discharge pipe end elevation FS(25) UnS(25)G(0,25) = Control valve elevation FS(25) UnS(25) (Ver 5.0)

PDIS(1) = Inlet gate valves

PDIS(2) = Inlet globe valvesPDIS(3) = Inlet check valves

PDIS(4) = Inlet 90Deg elbows

PDIS(5) = Inlet 45Deg elbowsPDIS(6) = Inlet thru tees

PDIS(7) = Inlet branch tees

Instrucal III

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Transcript of Instrucal III