INSTITUTE OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINE

ITM-MUHAS, P.O. Box 65001, Dar Es Salaam, TanzaniaTel: +255 22 2150096: Fax: +255 22 2150465E-mail Address: [email protected], Website: www.muhas.ac.tz/itm

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ITM NEWS BULLETIN, (Volume 7): DECEMBER 2015

NEWS BULLETINITM NEWS BULLETIN, (Volume 7): DECEMBER 2015

INSTITUTE OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINE

ISSN 1821-8547



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Morizella juice is 100% natural Extract from Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx and Moringa oleifera leaves.

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These herbal components are good for your health.

Drink daily Morizella juice for good healthCAUTION: Not to be taken by people with lower Blood Pressure and infants.

Produced by:- INSTITUTE OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINE - MUHIMBILI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH AND ALLIED SCIENCES P. O. Box 65001 DAR ES SALAAM, TANZANIA Telephone: + 255-22-2150096 Email: [email protected]

PATENT NO.TZ/P/07/00150, REG. NO. TAN 13 FD 000939, TAN 13 FD 000940


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FOREWORD

I am delighted and greatly honored to present to you the seventh volume of Institute of Traditional Medicine News Bulletin at a time when the Institute’s Director Dr. Ester Innocent has been reappointed for the second triennium. We, the bulletin editorial board extend our heartfelt gratitude and congratulations to her and look forward to a cordial working relationship. The Institute was also very fortunate this year; we managed to recruit a number of young promising staff to fill up the gap experienced these recent years. These brilliant and energetic young staff will give new impetus to the Institute output and activities in the near future. The profile of each of the new staff, their aspirations and expectations are well elaborated in the current issue. Hopefully this opens up new avenues for different links and collaborations that will give a big leap in the Institutes research output and production of herbal medicines.

The current issue carries an elaborate list of ongoing research projects including newly funded ones. Research output for the year 2015 in this issue is detailed in terms of publications. Two of the Institute staff members have been on a one year postdoctoral program conducted within and outside the country. Their narration on the program is elaborately presented in the current issue. The bulletin also carries information on short term training attended by ITM staff in different parts of the country as well as outside.

The major output in the area of teaching is elaborated under the postgraduate and alumni corner. The previous year graduates performance is presented under the alumni section; the current year prize awardees and graduate are depicted elegantly in the postgraduate corner.

Overall the Institute staff members were involved in a number of other activities such as dissemination and knowledge sharing in seminars, workshops and other events which are all featured in this issue. You will definitely get a good glimpse of the Institute’s undertakings and activities for the year 2015 as you go through this Institute of Traditional Medicine News Bulletin volume 7.

Be our guest and thank you for your support

Febronia Christian Uiso (M.Sc. Chem. & M.Sc. Nutr.)Editor – in – Chief


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MESSAGE FROM THE DIRECTOR

Once again I welcome our esteemed readers of this series of bulletin that highlights annual activities,

achievements and challenges of the Institute of Traditional Medicine in the areas of research, training and consultancy

The Institute research activities in the year 2015 focused on studies relating to antifungal, mosquito repellants, climate change, anti-TB and anti-cancer plant agents, chemical and biological studies on endemic and threatened medicinal plants, conservation of repellant plant species, formulation and standardization and aspects of medical anthropology. Research in these areas is ongoing at different stages of implementation and will be communicated accordingly in the form of publication or other means.

During the year 2015 protracted efforts were implemented to develop, standardize and dispense safe, effective and quality herbal medicinal products. The Institute registered a reasonable increase (7%) of sales of herbal medicine compared to last year. This exemplifies the shifting preference of people to herbal medicinal products, a trend which is being observed worldwide. We anticipate a higher increase in the near future given the current policies of international organizations like ISO, UNIDO, WHO, NEPAD and other African regional bodies such as AU, SADC and EAC that support, advocate and promote the use of Traditional Medicine in order to reduce disease burden in the African region. The Institute research and product formulation efforts are geared to discover and promote innovations of traditional medicines. Consequently, we are compelled to develop and establish modalities to link with the Public and Private sectors such as manufacturing industries and product distributers. To foster this idea the Institute successfully worked with GAIN-Marketplace, which is a private organization in a coaching and mentorship for marketing strategies. The results have imparted entrepreneur knowledge and skills


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to the Institute staff to further engage private sector entities for product development and sales.

During the calendar year 2015 the Institute recruited and employed six young academic, technical and supporting staff. All the three academic departments of the Institute are now better placed to effectively implement their activities pertaining to research, teaching and consultancy.

Concerted efforts and plans are under way to train these staff to attain the required qualifications that will allow them climb the academic ladder in the university and also increase their impact on traditional medicine research.

The Institute’s Master and PhD degree training program in Traditional Medicine Development is unique in the region. The program is geared towards satisfying institutional and national health research needs of experts in traditional herbal medicines that will be an impetus to drive innovation and development of the healthcare system.

The Institute also runs once a year a short course for traditional health practitioners in the form of Continuing Education and Professional Development (CEPD) in Traditional Medicine Development (Level I course). The aim of the training is to impart basic knowledge; skills and practice in traditional medicine that will facilitate improvement in health care delivery in the country. The course content and dimensions is reflected in this volume to enlighten and inform would be or prospective candidates whom we are warmly welcome.

This issue also elaborates well the Institute efforts to strengthen its infrastructure and facilities for research undertaking as well as its outputs through different avenues such as publications, participation in exhibitions at national and international levels and attending scientific and technical workshops or conference for its staff and students

It is my sincere hope that as you read this issue of the bulletin, you will enjoy and maintain your support to the Institute undertakings. My heartfelt appreciations are extended to our development partners for funding different research activities and, the University management and the government for setting conducive policies and working environment.

Dr. Ester InnocentDirector Institute of Traditional Medicine


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SENIOR OFFICERS OF THE INSTITUTE AND BOARD MEMBERS

ITM Board Members

1. Dr. Ester Innocent Director and Chair Person ITM Board 2. Dr. Vicky Manyanga Member School of Pharmacy 3. Dr. Francis Dida Member School of Medicine 4. Dr. Donati Tarimo Member School of Public Health and Social Sciences 5. Dr. Francis Machumi Member ITM - MUHAS 6. Dr. Joseph N. Otieno Member ITM - MUHAS 7. Dr. Modest C. Kapingu Member ITM - MUHAS 8. Dr. Pax J. Masimba Member ITM - MUHAS 9. Dr. Paul P. Mhame Member Ag. Director, Trad. Med. Section-

MoHCDGEC10. Mr. Juma Mgoo Member Tanzania Forestry Services11. Prof. Madundo M Mtambo Member TIRDO12. Adam Mitangu Fimbo Member TFDA13. Dr. William Kindeketa, Member COSTECH14. Mrs. Mboni Bakari Member Registrar TAHPC - MoHCDGEC

Dr. Ester InnocentDirector

Dr. Joseph N. OtienoHead, Department of Medical

Botany, Agronomy and Plant Breeding

Dr. Pax J. MasimbaHead, Department of Biological Testing and Pre-Clinical Studies

Dr. Modest C. KapinguHead, Department of Natural

Products Development and Formulation


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INB EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS

NEWS BULLETIN

Mrs. FC Uiso

Prof. RLA Mahunnah Dr PJ Masimba

MN Mbunde


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LIST OF ACRONYMS

AAS Africa Academy of Science

AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

AU African Union

BLAST Basic Local Alignment Search Tool

BRELA Business Registration and Licensing Agency

BST Brine Shrimp Toxicity

COSTECH Commission for Science and Technology

CBD Convention for Bio-diversity

CEO Chief Executive Officer

CEPD Continuing Education and Professional Development

CIRCLE Climate Impact Research Capacity and Leadership

Enhancement

CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species

of Wild Fauna and Flora

CSIR Council for Science and Industrial Research

DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid

DPPH 1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl

EAC East Africa Community

GLP Good Laboratory Practice

GMP Good Manufacturing Practice

GPA Grade Point Average

HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus

IFS International Foundation for Science

INB ITM News Bulletin

ISO International Organization for Standardizations

ITM Institute of Traditional Medicine

LC50 Lethal Concentration that kills 50% of the study population

MIC Minimum Inhibition Concentration

MITM Ministry of Industry, Trade and Marketing

MNH Muhimbili National Hospital


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MUHAS Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences

MoHCDGEC Ministry of Health Community Development Gender

Elderly and Children

MoNRT Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism

MUCHS Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences

NAM S & T Center Non- Allied Movement and other developing countries

Science & Technology Center

NAPRECA Natural Products Research for Eastern and Central Africa

NCB1 National Centre for Biotechnology Information

NCI National Cancer Institute

NEPAD New Partnership for Africa’s Development

NIMR National Institute for Medical Research

PCR Polymerase chain reaction

PMU Procurement Management Unit

RECs Regional Economic Communities

SADC Southern Africa Development Community

SIDA Swedish International Development Agency

SoP School of Pharmacy

SPHSS School of Public Health and Social Sciences

SUA Sokoine University of Agriculture

TIRDO Tanzania Industrial Research & Development Organization

RNA Ribonucleic acid

TAHPC Traditional and Alternative Health Practitioners Council

TASENE Tanzania Sweden and Netherlands

TFDA Tanzania Food and Drug Authority

UDSM University of Dar Es Salaam

UNIDO United Nations Industrial Development Organization

UNDP United Nations Development Project

USA United States of America

UV Ultra Violet

WHO World Health Organization


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C O N T E N T SF O R E W O R D -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I I I

M E S S A G E F R O M T H E D I R E C T O R -------------------------------------------------------------I V

I T M B O A R D M E M B E R S ----------------------------------------------------------------------------V I

L I S T O F A C R O N Y M S ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- V I I I

AVA I L A B L E H U M A N R E S O U R C E S A N D I T M S TA F F N E W S -------------------------1

P R O F I L E S O F R E C R U I T E D S TA F F I N 2015 ---------------------------------------------------2

T R A I N I N G O F I T M S TA F F --------------------------------------------------------------------------5

P O S T D O C T O R A L T R A I N I N G ------------------------------------------------------------------- 10

O N G O I N G R E S E A R C H P R O J E C T S I N 2015 ------------------------------------------------- 12

I T M P O S T G R A D U AT E ’S & A L U M N I C O R N E R ------------------------------------------- 16

I T M 2015 P R I Z E AWA R D E E S A N D G R A D U AT E S ---------------------------------------- 17

E V E N T S --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18

n C E P D T R A I N I N G O F T R A D I T I O N A L H E A LT H P R A C T I T I O N E R S O N

T R A D I T I O N A L M E D I C I N E D E V E L O P M E N T -------------------------------------- 18

n N A P R E C A S Y M P O S I U M -------------------------------------------------------------------- 19

n I T M C O N D U C T S A O N E D AY G O O D P R A C T I C E S O N

E N V I R O N M E N TA L M A N A G E M E N T A N D S A F E T Y ---------------------------- 20

n PA R T I C I PAT I O N I N C O N F E R E N C E S A N D S E M I N A R S ----------------------- 21

n T H E S E C O N D A N N U A L TA N Z A N I A H E A LT H S U M M I T 2015 -------------- 21

n T H E 2015 I T M ’S A N N U A L G AT H E R I N G A N D FA R E W E L L PA R T Y -------- 22

V I S I T S T O T H E I T M --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23

L I S T O F P U B L I C AT I O N S (J A N – D E C 2015) ------------------------------------------------ 24


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AVAILABLE HUMAN RESOURCES AND ITM STAFF NEWS

In 2015, the Institute human resource had a dramatic rise from its low of 12 academic staff in 2014 to now stand at 17 towards the end of 2015. All the three departments within the Institute recruited at least one academic staff as part of the Institute succession plan. Some departments also recruited technical/scientific officer to man their laboratories and other research work within the Institute. Details of the departmental staff distribution appear in table 1 and the new staff profiles and other details are also shown below.

Table 1: Departmental Distribution of Human Resources at the Institute

Staff Position Medical Botany, Agron-omy and Plant Breeding

Natural Products Development and Formulation

Biological and Pre-clinical Studies

Office of the Director

Total

Academic staff

Research Professor - - - - -

Ass Res Professor 1 - 1 - 2

Senior Res Fellow 2 2 1 - 5

Research Fellow - 1 1 - 2

Asst Res Fellow 1 2 2 - 5

Tutorial Assistant - 2 1 - 3

Total 4 7 6 17

Technical and Administrative/support

Medical Officers - - 1 - 1

Scientists/Technical staff

1 1 1 - 3

Administrative Officer

- - - - -

Secretary / Typists - - - 1 1

Laboratory attend-ants

- - 1 - 1

Office Attendants - - - 2 2

Total 1 1 3 3 8

Grand Total 5 8 9 3 25



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Profiles of Recruited Staff in 2015

Jackson Thomas (B. Sc., M.Sc.)Assistant Lecturer, Department of

Biological and Pre – Clinical Studies,

Personal InformationJackson Thomas was born in 1984 in Arusha, Tanzania. He joined ITM in Aug 2015 from Ifakara Health Institute (IHI), Bagamoyo Research and Training Centre (IHI-BRTC) where he had worked for five (5) years, first as a lab scientist 2010-2011, then as a Laboratory Manager (2013-2015).

ACADEMIC AND PROFFESIONAL TRAINING

Masters of Science in Infection Biology (Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute –University of Basel, Switzerland). (2011-2013)

Bachelor of Science in Biotechnology and Laboratory Science (BLS), Sokoine

University of Agriculture (SUA) (2007-2010).Quality Assurance for human subject research: Implementation of international guidelines for conduct of clinical and epidemiological studies (GCP, GCLP, and Guidelines for Epidemiological studies). Conducted by Royal Tropical Institute Organized by Ifakara Health Institute (Mbezi Garden DSM)(February 17-19 2014)

Training for Trainers course on Quality Assurance for human subject research. Conducted by Royal Tropical Institute Organized by Ifakara Health Institute (Mbezi Garden - DSM) (February 20-21, 2014)

Good Clinical Practice and Good Clinical Laboratory Practice (GCLP). Offered by Ifakara Health Institute (IHI). (May 16, 2014)

Global Access to health offered by Geneva Health Forum (Switzerland) (April 18-20 2012)

Clinical Practice, offered by Quintiles Organized by Ifakara Health Institute (ADEM - Bagamoyo) (February 01 2011)

Clinical Practice (GCP) Training for Malaria Vaccine Institute (MVI) clinical studies Organized by Ifakara Health Institute (ADEM - Bagamoyo). Conducted by Pharmaceutical Product Development (PPD) company (October 22-23 2010)


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David Credo B.Sc. (UDSM). Tutorial Assistant, Department of Natural Products Development and Formulations

David Credo was born in March 25, 1987 in Kwimba District, Mwanza, Tanzania. He received his B.Sc. (Majoring in Chemistry and Microbiology) in 2011 at the University of Dar es Salaam,

Ismail A. Almas B. Ed. Science (UDSM), M.Sc. Traditional

Medicine Development (MUHAS)Tutorial assistant, Department of Natural Products Development and Formulations

Tanzania. In 2015 he joined the Institute of Traditional Medicine (ITM) at Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), as a Tutorial Assistant, Department of Natural Products Development and Formulations

Other Professional Training:Advanced Training in Quality Assurance for safe food in African, Caribbean, and Pacific (ACP) Group of States in 2014 held in Dar es salaam, Tanzania

Skills and Experiences• Isolation of pure natural

compounds (drugs) from medicinal plants.

• In-vivo and in-vitro drug assays particularly anti-microbial assays.

• Molecular based techniques e.g. PCR and Short Tandem Repeats analysis for Human DNA

I s m a i l A . A l m a s wa s b o r n i n 2 9 t h December, 1985 in Mvomero District, Morogoro region, Tanzania. He received B. Ed. Science in Chemistry in 2009 at the University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. He then enrolled for M. Sc. in Traditional Medicine Development at Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, graduating in 2015.

He is currently serving as a Tutorial assistant, department of Natural Product Development and Formulat ion. His interest in research in Natural product chemistry, focus on isolation of active ingredients from medicinal plants used for insecticides, cancer, infertility and Malaria treatment. He also has some interest on ethnobotanical studies to discover and document useful medicinal plants species.


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Siri Abihudi. (B. Sc, M. Sc)Assistant lecture, Department of Medical

Botany, Agronomy and Plant Breeding ITM

S h e wa s b o r n i n M wa n g a d i s t r i c t , Kilimanjaro region. Siri joined the Institute of Traditional Medicine at Muhimbili

University of Health and Allied Sciences in 2015 as an assistant lecturer in the Department of Medical Botany, Agronomy and Plant Breeding.

She obtained her Master of Science in Traditional Medicine Development at Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania in 2014 and a Bachelor of Environmental Science and Natural Resources at Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda in 2012. Her research interests focus on Systematic botany and Molecular based techniques e.g. DNA barcoding. She is also interested in evolutionary biology, ethno-botanical studies and Ecosystem health.

Zaituni Msengwa B. Sc (Ed), UDSM; M. Sc. Trad. Med. Dev., MUHAS.Laboratory Scientist, Department of Biological and Pre – Clinical Studies

Currently, Zaituni is a Laboratory Scientist at the department of Biological Testing and Pre-clinical Studies of the Institute of Traditional Medicine-MUHAS. She graduated in M.Sc. Traditional Medicine Development in 2014. She is also a holder of B. Sc (Ed) of UDSM (DUCE) graduated in 2009. Before

joining the Institute, Zaituni worked as a teacher at Mbeya Secondary School for six years.

She is a member of the Natural Product Research in Eastern and Central Africa (NAPRECA) and Tanzania Chemist Society (TCS). She has attended various professional training workshops:

• The 16th NAPRECA Pre-symposium workshop on NMR for structural Elucidation of Natural Products, Nanomedicine and Computer Aided Drug Design conducted at NM-AIST in Arusha Sept, 2015.

• DNA amplification and bar coding conducted at Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences in collaboration with Uppsala University of Sweden in Nov, 2013.

• NAPRECA workshop on bioassays and data handling techniques in 2013 at ITM - MUHAS


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Boniphace Charles (B. Sc.)Tutorial Assistant, Department of

Biological and Pre – Clinical Studies.

Boniphace Charles was born in 1984 in Tarime, Mara region, Tanzania. He did his Bachelor of Science in Biotechnology and Laboratory Science at Sokoine University of Agriculture from 2008 to 2011. Boniphace joined ITM in November 2015 after working at Nguva Secondary School, Kigamboni for (4) years as a Teacher (2011-2015).

His research interests are on screening of medicinal plants for antimicrobial bioactivity and application of molecular based techniques in their identification.

Short Term Training program attended by ITM Staff in 2015

In August 2014 the Institute of Traditional Medicine applied for support to scale up product of Morizella Juice for the purpose of increasing its accessibility and sales of this nutritious food supplement within the country. The Institute was awarded by GAIN a coaching and mentorship support to develop a marketing plan for its nutritious products which was executed by The Matabe Co. Ltd. This award

TRAINING OF ITM STAFF


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was under the Business Owner Support Services Training Series of GAIN. The coaching and mentoring started in February, 2015. The Matabe company carried out an on the job coaching and mentoring of the production unit staff. The company also participated in exhibitions and coached the exhibitors on advertizing and market research. In July 2015 the Matabe Company conducted a one week training workshop for all ITM Teaching and technical staff as detailed below. The course was also attended by two private enterprises in the nutritional and food industry namely: The AFCO Investment (a food processing and packaging company) – represented by Ms Fortunata Mmari and Stake AgroBase In-ternational Ltd.(an organic farming and distributing company) represented by Dr Simon Mwesiga. GAIN representative also attended the whole training session

Training Program Title: Developing Marketing Plan for Small & Medium Enterprises

Place/Location: Institute of Traditional Medicine

Dates: July 9 to 13, 2015

Program Funders: Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition – Market Place for Nutri-tious Foods

The aim of the workshop was to train participants on how to develop a marketing plan for a small and medium enterprise with emphasis on the importance of market-ing plan in any business enterprise. In short the course described what a marketing plan is and why it is important, it defined and described how to conduct a market research; the results of which forms the basis for developing a marketing plan. A general overview of the nutritional supplement market was given and description of how to identify the attributes of ITM’s target customers, their demographics includ-ing spending power. They also emphasized on the need to know your market size, competitors, segmentation, cost and market value as a product pricing strategy.


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Activities: The training involved lecture and interactive discussions, group work and exercises covering all the marketing plan subsections such as how to identify target markets, products & services, pricing strategies, location, place & distribution, promotion, competition and marketing budget. Trainees were also trained on how to measure performance. Marketing was defined as the process of planning and executing the concept, pricing, promotion, and distribution of ideas, goods, and/or services to create exchanges that satisfy individual/organizational objectives. The key work to market-ing is to satisfy any felt need in a particular niche. Two assignments were given during the training on product description and market identification and the other one on pricing strategies.

Attendee Name: Baraka Samwel

Training Program Title: Research Training Fellowship for Developing Countries Scientists (RTF-DCS) : 2014/2015 Fellowship

Place/Location: Natural Products Chemistry Division CSIR- Indian Institute Of Chemical Technology (Iict) Hyderabad – 500007 India

Dates: March to September 2015

Duration: Six months

Program Funders: The Government of India through NAM S&T Centre Research titled: Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Activities of Millettia species from Tanzania

Aim: To establish, isolate and characterize antimicrobial compounds from roots and leaves of Millettia impressa from Tanzanian

Activities:(i) Determination of antimicrobial activity of M. impressa extracts(ii) Isolation and identification of phytochemicals from M. impressa extracts(iii) Determination of the antimicrobial activity of the identified pure phytochem-

icals from M. impressa extracts


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Benson Peter Mugaka (centre) with other training participants in Beijing China

Attendee Name: Benson Peter Mugaka

Training Program Title: Systematic Knowledge of Traditional Medicine for Develop-ing Countries

Place/Location: Beijing China

Dates: 18th August to 16th September 2015

Duration: Duration of one month

Program Funders: Ministry of Commerce of Peoples Republic of China organized by Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences.

Aims: - To integrate African, Asian, Latin America and Chinese medicine- To study how Chinese medicine is used in China and other countries- To study the history of Chinese medicine and how it has been integrated glob-

ally


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Activities: 1. Visited different hospitals in Beijing China using traditional and Western medicine 2. The basic idea of Traditional Chinese Medicine treatment of High blood pressure3. Current situation and research and development of Traditional Medicine health

care products4. Research status of Traditional Chinese Medicine for AIDS5. Introduced to Acupuncture and Practical Technology6. Clinical application of massage therapy and experience 7. TCM Therapy for Tumor

Attendee Name: Dr Pax J. Masimba

Training Program Title: TWAS-DFG Visiting Fellowship

Place/Location: Potsdam, Germany

Dates: December 1, 2014 to February 28, 2015

Duration: 3 Months

Program Funders: TWAS-DFG

Aims: Acquire knowledge and skills regarding modern spectroscopic techniques spe-cifically NMR and MS

Activities:-1. Learned about NMR Techniques2. Analyzed Chemical structures of medicinal plants from Tanzania by using NMR

and MS techniques3. Prepared joint manuscript for publication

Publications:One manuscript “Ester Innocent, Joseph Sempombe, Pax J Masimba, Innocent Daniel, Matthias Heydenreich. Comparison of cycloartenone from four insecticidal Kotschya species (Fabiacea) harvested during dry and wet seasons. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2015; 4 (4): 97-102” was published from this work.


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Postdoctoral Training

Dr Francis Machumi

Title: Effect of Climate Differences on Antifungal Activity and Chemical Composition of Plants Used to Manage Fungal Infections in Tanzania

Dr. Machumi received CIRCLE research fellowship offered by the African Academy of Sciences and sponsored by Association of Commonwealth Universities. CIRCLE stands for Climate Impact Research Capacity and Leadership Enhancement. The fellowship started 1st January 2015 and it ended 31st December 2015.

During the fellowship a research titled “Effect of climate differences on antifungal activity and chemical composition of plants used to manage fungal infections in Tanzania” was conducted. Objectives were to measure differences in antifungal activity of extracts of Clausena anisata and Turraea holstii harvested in rainy and dry season; to generate and compare GC chromatograms of extracts and compounds isolated from Clausena anisata and Turraea holstii harvested in rainy and dry season.

The fellowship was hosted at the Center for Climate Change Studies of the University of Dar es Salaam, although most of research activities were carried at the Institute of Traditional Medicine of the Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences. The Fellow was supervised by Prof. Pius Yanda of the Center for Climate Change Studies of the University of Dar es Salaam, mentored by Dr Ester Innocent of the Institute of Traditional Medicine of MUHAS and advised by Prof Philip Stevenson Natural Resources Institute of University of Greenwich.

Results from the research indicated that extracts of plant materials harvested in dry season showed enhanced antifungal activity as compared to extracts of plant materials harvested in rainy season. GC chromatograms showed overalls increase in number and amount of chemical components for extracts of plant materials harvested in dry season as compared to extracts of plant materials harvested in rainy season. During the fellowship, Dr. Machumi attended a GC-MS Instrumentation workshop held at Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology from 24th to 28th August, 2015. He also presented a paper titled “Seasonal variation in chemical composition and antifungal activity on medicinal plants Turraea holstii and Clausena anisata” at the 17th Conference on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, held in Penang – Malaysia, from 3rd to 4th December 2015.


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Dr Joseph Nicolao Otieno

Project Title: Identifying and Monitoring Trade in Tanzanian Wild-Harvested Medicinal Plants by Means of Innovative Genomics-Based DNA BarcodingObjectives: to use quantitative market research and interviews to document prevalence, availability, and quality of traded species, and to use DNA barcoding for identification of species

Outputs: Improved understanding of plant diversity and trade in Tanzania. The same approach has also proven to be useful for detection and identification of orchids in chikanda, a processed product based on orchids, peanuts and chili, which is popular in Zambia, and one of the main drivers of illegal harvesting of orchids from protected areas in southwestern Tanzania. An important success here has been the involvement of multiple stakeholders from Tanzania and Zambia in a cross-border initiative to mitigate harvesting pressure: e.g. wildlife conservationists from Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), academics from Zambia, conservationists from the US, botanists and conservationists from the Commission of Science and Technology, Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute (TAWIRI), Tanzania National Parks Authority (TANAPA), National Museums of Kenya, as well as legislative and executive leaders responsible for the implementation of the Convention of International Trade in Endangered Species of Plant and Animal Wildlife (CITES) and the Phytosanitary Service.

Plant DNA Barcoding Lab has been established at the Institute of Traditional Medicine in MUHAS that will enable training of more Tanzanians in molecular barcoding skills. As part of the project, Dr Joseph Otieno attended Post Doctorate training at Naturalis Biodiversity Center and Uppsala University and consequently has not only given him the necessary practical skills to carry out molecular barcoding laboratory research, but also the framework and experience to supervise and develop projects in this field. These skills have placed him in a unique position as a potential national and international partner in research projects on barcoding, wildlife trade, ethnobotany, and wildlife forensics. Ongoing Postgraduates Training under the fellowship:

Sarina Veldman - PhD Study in Systematic Biology at Uppsala University. Supervisors: Hugo. J de Boer, Joseph. N Otieno, Barbara Gravendeel and Tinde van AndelTitle: Identifying and Monitoring Trade in Wild-Harvested Medicinal Plants and Edible Orchids by Means of Genomic-Based DNA Barcoding.

Chantal Posthouwers – MSc Study in Biology at Leiden University. Supervisors: Tinde van Andel, Sarina Veldman and Joseph N Otieno.Title: Medicinal Plants of Kariakoo Market, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Hanna Lindh - M.Sc. study in Biology at Uppsala University. Supervisors: Sarina Veldman, Joseph N Otieno and Hugo de Boer.Title: The Role of Medicinal Plants in Women’s Healthcare in Dar es Salaam.


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ONGOING RESEARCH PROJECTS IN 2015S/N Title Funder ITM

Investigator(s)Duration

1 Search for Antifungal Compounds from Tan-zanian Medicinal Plants for managing Fungal infections

Sweden Research Council (SRC)

Dr. Ester Inno-cent and Mou-rice Mbunde

2014-2017

2 Antimicrobial activity of extracts of Combre-taceae family plants against drug resistant and biofilm forming bacteria and Candida species isolated from HIV/AIDS patients

NIMR Prof. Mainen J. Moshi

2014-2016

3 Effect of climate differences on antifungal ac-tivity and chemical composition of plants used to manage fungal infections in Tanzania

AAS Dr. Francis K. Machumi

2015-2016

4 Formulation and standardization of herbal medicine from Garcinia and Combretum plant species growing in Tanzania for managing HIV/AIDS and related diseases

COSTECH Dr. Modest C. Kapingu

2013-2016

5 Phytochemical studies of mosquito larvici-dal compounds from ethanol extracts of four Kotschya species

IFS Dr. Ester In-nocent

2014-2016

6 Conserving repellent plants in Enduimet Wildlife Management Area of Longido Divi-sion: A sustainable strategy to vector-borne disease control and climate change mitigation in nomadic heard societies

UNDP Dr. Ester In-nocent

2014-2016

7 Comparison of Isolated mosquito larvicidal compounds from ethanolic extracts of Kotschya species collected between wet and dry season

Sida-MUHAS Dr. Ester In-nocent

2014-2015

8 Evaluation of efficacy and safety of medicinal plants traditionally used in the treatment of malaria

Sida-MUHAS Mr. Ramadhani S.O. Nondo and Prof. M.J. Moshi

2012-2015

9 Phytochemical and Antimicrobial activities of Millettia species from Tanzania

CSIR-NAM S&T Mr. Baraka Samwel

2015

10 Impact of home based life saving skills in rural area of Tanzania on awareness of danger signs, birth preparedness, facility delivery access to emergency obstetric care and cost effective-ness: a cluster randomized trial

Sida Edmund J. Kayombo

2010-2015

11 Cell phones and Psychosis: a pilot study con-necting traditional healers andBio-medical staff in rural Tanzania

Canada Grand Challenge

Dr. Edmund Kayombo

2014-2016

12 Ethnobotanical survey of edible wild green vegetables in Coastal and dry regions of Sin-gida and Dodoma

Self sponsored Dr. Joseph N. Otieno

2014-2015


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13 Phytochemical and Biological investigation of Carissa spinarum root extracts used in the treat-ment of chronic illnesses

Sida- MUHAS Dr. Pax Ma-simba J and R.O. Nondo

2015

14 Search for Novel Trypanocidal Agents from Selected Tanzanian Wild Mushrooms

Sida-MUHAS Dr. E. Innocent and Prof R.L.A. Mahunnah

2014-2015

15 Identifying and monitoring trade in Tanzanian wild-harvested medicinal plants using innova-tive genomics-based DNA barcoding.

Swedish Research Council

Otieno, JN 2015-2018

16 Use of DNA Technology in Combating Illegal Trade and Promoting Conservation and Sus-tainable Use of Plants in Kenya and Tanzania.

USAID Otieno, JN 2015-2018

FUNDED RESEARCH PROJECTS 2015

i. Dr Otieno, JN was awarded a research grant by USAID for 2015-2018. Title is Use of DNA Technology in Combating Illegal Trade and Promoting Conservation and Sustainable Use of Plants in Kenya and Tanzania

ii. Dr Joseph JN was awarded a research grant by Swedish Research Council for 2015-2018. Title is Identifying and monitoring trade in Tanzanian wild-harvested medicinal plants using innovative genomics-based DNA barcoding.

iii. Dr. Pax Masimba was awarded a Research grant from African Academy of Sci-ences under the CIRCLE (Climate Impact Research Capacity and Leadership En-hancement) visiting programme for study entitled “Assessment of bioactivity of roots and leaves of Carissa spinarum extract from two geographical locations in two seasons in Tanzania against some pathogenic bacteria and fungi to be carried at University of Dar es Salaam.

Institutional Developed Projects

The Institute of Traditional Medicine (ITM) of Muhimbili University of Health and Al-lied Sciences (MUHAS) developed a proposal to establish a ``Centre of Excellence for Training and Research in Traditional Medicine and Development`` with the aim of strengthening training and reseach capacity and network within institutions to foster development of standardized traditional medicines for improved health and socio-eco-nomic development in ESA region and Africa as whole. The proposal was under the Pharm-bio technology – drug discovery, science-driven traditional medicine and de-velopment sub category within the main theme of Health. This was in response to the World Bank call for proposals in the Eastern and South Africa (ESA) Higher Education Institutions in support for development of Centers of Excellence (ACE II) in the region. The ESA region includes Burundi, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda and Zimbabwe. In total 108 proposals were submitted; among these, 92 were shortlisted as eligible for funding including the ITM proposal. The ITM proposal also passed the technical evaluation process which was then followed by an Independent Evaluation Committee (IEC) process that involved on-site visit. The IEC team composed of two experts visited MUHAS and the Institute for the on-site evaluation in November, 2015. They had an opportunity to meet with the MUHAS team that was to be involved in the training program as depicted in photo below during the proposal presentation.


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The IEC team in a meeting with MUHAS ACE II research proposal team during the on-site visit

The team then assessed the training facilities including the laboratories and had inter-views with postgraduate students from the schools and departments to be involved in the proposed training. The ITM proposal did not get to the conditional selection level that would have ushered the way to the last step of final approval for World Bank fund-ing for an African Centre of Excellence for Traditional Medicine Development. How-ever, the Institute continues to use the experience gained in this proposal development process to develop training and research programs aimed to increase the contribution of traditional medicine in the formal health care.

RENOVATION AND UPGRADING OF ITM RESEARCH LABORATORIES

Establishment of Cell Culture Lab in the Department of Biological and Pre-Clinical Studies

The Department of Biological and Pre-Clinical Studies is running research work for dis-covery of bioactive compounds against malaria parasites, HIV-1 virus and cancer cells. Other research activities are aimed in discovery of anti-diabetics, antimicrobials and an-ticonvulsants. These research activities requires high sterile working environment. Es-tablishment of cell culture lab is of paramount importance in the Department. Therefore,


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the department is converting two side rooms in the lab to be dedicated for cell culture work. In order to minimize dust entry, the louvers in the rooms have been replaced with aluminum sliding windows. To facilitate cleaning, the wooden benches have been replaced with concrete ones. The Department has already procured carbon dioxide incu-bator, centrifuge and liquid nitrogen cylinders. In addition they have ordered a Biologi-cal Safety Cabinet level 2 which is expected to be installed by March, 2016. The class 2 Biological Safety Cabinet will offer personnel, product, and environmental protection to ensure product quality while reducing the potential for exposure of both product and personnel to airborne biologicals or particulates during research, drug preparation or product operations. As a result of having this equipment, it is expected that there will be an overall improvement in the quality of research output. The department has already trained two of their scientists at postgraduate level in cell culture technology. Having this lab in place will allow these researchers to ini-tiate in-vitro research work for the discovery of anti-malarials, anti-cancers, cytotoxic agents and many other agents. The researchers and postgraduate students at MSc and PhD level are engaged in this work. There are several undergraduate students especially from the School of Pharmacy who every year conduct their research work in the Depart-ment. In addition students from other Universities such as University of Dar es Salaam, Open University of Tanzania and University of Dodoma undertake their field works in the Department. It is expected that more students will be trained in these areas and will contribute to discovery of herbal drugs. This will attract research collaboration not only within Tanzania but also throughout the world.

Establishment of Molecular Lab in the Department of Medical Botany, Agronomy and Plant Breeding

The Department is thankful to the Director for providing one of the previous offices on the ground floor to be transformed into molecular laboratory. The renovation was done by the MUHAS estates department. During the renovation the electricity was rewired, the air conditioning and water systems were installedOther facilities that were procured are:

• Plant tissue rapture equipment including Mini bead beater, pestle and motor

• Laminar flow• PCR machine• Electrophoresis equipment• UV transluminator

In addition free softwares such as Staden have been installed for gel reading configuration and editing of sequences before final BLAST. The DNA lab is still lacking some important facilities like fridges and heating equipment. However, DNA extraction process can now be carried out to the end. The department is in the pro-cess of procuring fridges for keeping samples and Microwave for preparation of agarose gel.


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2014 Alumni

A 2014 Master of Science graduate in Traditional Medicine Development at ITM-MUHAS. The title of her dissertation was “Documentation and identification of medicinal plants trade in Tanzania by means of DNA bar-coding”.

The study focused on medicinal plants that are traded in Tanzania and identify them by means of DNA barcoding.

Most of the traded medicinal plants are collected from Coast, Tanga and Arusha regions. The mainly traded medicinal plants in the markets include Zanthoxylum chalybeum Engl., Zanha africana (Radlk.)

Exell, Cassia abbreviata Oliv., Albizia anthelmintica Brongn., Hymenaea verrucosa Gaertn., Rapanaea melanocephalus and Ximenia aegyptiaca L.. The most threatened medicinal plants are those harvested through debarking which include: Albizia anthelmintica, Afzelia quanzensis., Hymenaea verrucosa. and Pterocarpus bussei.

Molecular identification technique of medicinal plants was successful in identifying 52% (n=27) of samples sequenced. This method can be applied in controlling illegal trade of endangered medicinal plants. Currently, Miss. Abihudi is working as an Assistant lecturer in the Department of Medical Botany, Plant Breeding and Agronomy at ITM-MUHAS

Her MSc research focused on investigation of toxicity, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of crude extracts and isolated compounds f rom f ru i t s o f Mammea usambarensis Verdc. The crude extract led to the isolation of mammea I and mammea II. The isolated compounds as well as two fractions of the crude extract, were subjected to three bioassays, namely brine shrimp lethality test, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. In the brine shrimp toxicity test, crude extract and mammea I showed activity with LC50 values of 1.58,

Siri Abihudi

ITM POSTGRADUATE’S & ALUMNI CORNER

Zaituni Msengwa


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and 5.21µg/ml respectively. In the acute toxicity test in mice the crude extract was non-toxic even at a dose above 2000 mg/kg body weight. The results of antioxidant assay showed that crude extract, fractions and mammea I had a DPPH scavenging activity. The compound, Mammea II is reported for the first time in the genus Mammea. The high toxicity values in brine shrimps imply the possibility of getting anticancer activity. Given that the crude extract was non-toxic in mice, there is a certain level of selectivity that warrants further studies to investigate other toxicological profiles.

ITM 2015 Prize Awardees and GraduatesDuring the year 2015 ITM had one Master’s degree graduate. Mr. Ismail Athuman

pursued a two years M.Sc. in Traditional Medicine Development by course work and dissertation. He was conferred his degree during the MUHAS 9th Graduation Ceremony

held on 5th December, 2015 at the University grounds.

Mr. Ismail Athuman seated with other postgraduates in the MUHAS 9th Graduation Ceremony on December 05, 2015

The graduation ceremony was preceded by the Convocation Assembly on 4th

December 2015 in which students who performed outstandingly were awarded prizes donated by the University and other bodies or individuals. In this Assembly Mr. Ismail Athuman was awarded the MUHAS best final year student award in Traditional Madecine Development. This event is depicted here below.

Ismail Athuman receiving his MUHAS best final year award Traditional Madecine Development from the Vice Chancellor Prof. E. Kaaya during the Convocation Assembly.


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EVENTSCEPD Training of Traditional Health Practitioners on Traditional Medicine Development

On September 28 to October 02, 2015, ITM conducted the third training workshop for traditional health practitioners (THPs) at MUHAS premise. This annual training course is conducted jointly by ITM in collaboration with the Directorate of Traditional Medicine in the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare.

The training was attended by 25 participants from 8 regions of Tanzania. Fifty six percent (56%) of the participants (14) were from Dar es Salaam region while the other participants were from Arusha (4), Mwanza (2), Rukwa (1), Kagera (1), Iringa (1), Mbeya (1), Simiyu (1).

This training aims to facilitate improvement of knowledge, skills and practice in traditional medicine development. The components of the training includes basic knowledge on human nutrition, anatomy and physiology, common infectious and non-infectious diseases and on safety and efficacy of traditional medicine; sustainable conservation of medicinal plants; hygienic practice of traditional medicine; policy, ethics and legal framework on indigenous knowledge; record keeping in traditional medicine practice; good practice in processing, packaging, dispensing and commercialization of herbal products; intellectual property rights.

The Director of the Institute of Traditional Medicine, Dr. Ester Innocent informed the audience that the curriculum for this program aims to improve traditional health practitioner’s services. In the opening ceremony, the guest of honor Dr. Doreen Mloka, representing Prof Gideon Kwesigabo, the Director for Continuing Education and Professional Development at MUHAS, urged participants to use the knowledge acquired in the training to improve health service provision.

Group photo of the CEPD training participants with guest of honor in the opening session Dr. Doreen Mloka, centre seated front row


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Dr. Doreen Mloka, informed the participants that the emphasis for this short course training was on the safety and proper use of traditional medicines. The closing ceremony was by Prof. Mainen Moshi, the Director of Research and Publications at MUHAS, who among other issues reiterated on the importance of adherence to government regulations and ethics in the delivery of traditional medicine services.

NAPRECA Symposium

The Natural Products Research for Eastern and Central Africa (NAPRECA) network held its 16th symposium, from August 31st to September 03, 2015 at Palace Hotel in Arusha. The objective of this regional network is to initiate, develop and promote research in the area of natural products, foster and maintain research links with scientists in other parts of the world who are actively working in specific areas of natural products. The Tanzanian country chapter chairperson was the late Dr. Joseph Magadula from ITM who passed away late 2014 during the initial planning and coordination activities for this symposium. However, the deputy chair person, Dr. Clarence Mgina and the secretariat ably managed the event.

A special plenary session was allocated to commemorate the contribution of the Late Dr. Joseph Magadula who was the Chairperson of NAPRECA-Tanzania Chapter. During this plenary session several participants including Prof. Muholland (UK), Prof. Pascal Richomme (France), Dr. Cosam Joseph (IUCEA), Dr. Ester Innocent (ITM), and Charles Kihampa (ARU) who worked and interacted with Dr. Magadula paid a tribute to him.

The symposium had a total of 55 oral presentations; six of them were plenary sessions and 12 poster presentation reflecting different areas of natural products research.

The NAPRECA symposium was preceded by a five day pre-symposium workshop held from 24th - 29th August 2015 at the Nelson Mandela-African Institute of Science and Technology in Arusha. This pre-symposium workshop was intended to train young African scientists especially postgraduate students and early carrier researchers who

NAPRECA pre-Symposium participants in a group picture


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have ventured into the natural products field to upgrade their knowledge and skills for professional development.

The pre-symposium brought together a number of participants from local and international institutions. Two ITM staff, Ms. Zaituni Msengwa and Mr. Mourice N. Mbunde attended the training. Three techniques for Natural Products research; namely NMR for structure elucidation, Nanomedicine and Computer Aided Drug Design were taught by experts from different institutions.

ITM conducts a One Day Good Practices on Environmental Management and safety

Starting the year 2014, the Institute of Traditional Medicine (ITM) initiated a one day hands on training on good practices at working place. This year event took place on 28th October, 2015.

The one Day hands-on practice for ITM community is a response to MUHAS strategic objective that addresses the need to Strengthen Environmental Management and Conservation. The Institute is obliged to address environmental challenges and ensure the safety of her workers while performing their duties. Speaking during the opening session, the Director of the Institute Dr. Ester Innocent welcomed the newly employed academic staff and received a report from the Space Creation task force. The report was discussed by members and agreed to dispose bulk papers in offices, obsolete instruments in laboratories and solvent bottles. Dr. Modest Kapingu, the Head of the Department of Natural Products Development and Formulations gave a talk on ‘Disposal of Hazardous Wastes’. This talk highlighted the categories of hazardous wastes, handling and proper disposal methods. Dr. Kapingu urged all ITM members to follow Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) when handling hazardous wastes to avoid unnecessary harm to humans and damage to the environment.

Members of staff discussing the task force report after it was presented by Prof. Rogassian Mahunnah; the chairperson during hands-on practice


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PARTICIPATION IN CONFERENCES AND SEMINARS

i. The Traditional Medicine Institute academic staff and scientific officers attended the Third MUHAS Scientific Conference held in May, 2015; two papers were presented and ITM formulation products were also exhibited. Titles of the presented papers are: Phytochemical, antiparasitic and antimicrobial investigation of Terminalia brownii by Dr. Francis Machumi and Salvadora persica: tooth stick for mouth cleaning and dental decay by Dr. Joseph N. Otieno

ii. Mr. Mourice V. N. Mbunde and Ms. Zaituni Msengwa participated in the 16th NAPRECA Pre-Symposium Workshop on NMR for Structural Elucidation of Natural Products, Nanomedicine and Computer Aided Drug Design at the Nelson Mandela African Institute of Science and Technology Arusha, Tanzania, 24th to 19th August 2015 and warded Certificate of Participation.

iii. Dr. Modest C. Kapingu and Benson Peter Mugaka attended The 29th Annual Joint Scientific Conference and 35th Anniversary of the National Institute for Medical Research from 13th to 16th October 2015 at Julius Nyerere Conference Centre, Dar-es-Salaam.

The second Annual Tanzania Health Summit 2015

This year, the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare (MoHSW) in collaboration with Tindwa Medical and Health Services (TMHS), Association of Private Health Facilities in Tanzania (APHFTA), Christian Social Services Commission (CSSC) and Muslim Council of Tanzania (BAKWATA) organized the second annual Tanzania Health Summit. The summit took place at Julius Nyerere International Convention Centre, on November 11 to 13, 2015, Dar es Salaam.

This annual health stakeholders gathering aimed to provide platform for detailed discussion of all health related matters. The summit aimed to provide new themes/mission, revise strategies and find common understanding towards implementing solutions and sharing innovations of our health care system.

The conference was attended by all profile of health care givers from health and allied professionals, researchers, health system administrators, academicians, donors and leaders from deferent part of Tanzania and abroad.

The Institute of Traditional Medicine participated in this annual conference and Rogasian L.A. Mahunnah, Febronia C. Uiso and Edmund J. Kayombo contributed a joint paper titled ‘’ Contribution of Traditional and Alternative Medicine in the Provision of Healthcare in Tanzania”.

The paper was presented as a keynote address by the first author during the conference plenary sessions. The paper had a general overview of Traditional and Alternative Medicine with highlights on the global, African region and Tanzania specific perspectives of Traditional and Alternative Medicine.


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Prof. Mahunnah Delivering the Key note address in the Annual Tanzania Health Summit 2015

THE 2015 ITM’S ANNUAL GATHERING AND FAREWELL PARTY

The 2015 annual gathering and farewell party at ITM took place in January 30, 2015. The event allows ITM staff to reflect on their achievements and challenges of the previous year. The occasion was graced by Prof. M. Moshi; representing the MUHAS Vice Chancellor. Mr. Daniel Kamala, the long serving ITM Scientific officer and Ms. Rose Kihampa were bid farewell after attaining the compulsory retirement age of sixty years. The Event was held at the Selander bridge club and was well attended with most of the ITM staff.

ITM staff retirees and guest of honour in a group picture during the farewell party. Seated front from left Rose Kihampa (retiree), ITM Director (Dr. E. Innocent), Guest of Honour (Prof. M. Moshi) and Daniel Kamala (retiree).


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VISITS TO THE ITM1) Prof Anderson Pher from Stockholm University Sweden visited the Institute on

January 29, 2015 to discuss on-going collaborative projects.

2) Mr. Edmond Lyatuu and Mr. Mhando Mbughuni from MATABE Co LTD paid an introductory visit to the Institute on February 25, 2015 in connection to the services they will offer to ITM after being awarded a GAIN consultancy contract

3) Chaim Efrat and Mr. Shimon Barel a delegation from Israel accompanied by Mr. Stephen Msemo, from the Tanzania Forest Service (TFS) visited the MUHAS on 25th August, 2015 to explore the activities within the beekeeping industries that can be carried out at the Institute of Traditional Medicine.

4) On 1st April 2015 the Chinese delegation led by Honourable Mr. Wang Guoqiang, the Deputy Minister for Health of the Peoples Republic of China and Prof.Liu Baoyan, Executive Vice President, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences visited MUHAS to learn about the activities carried out at the Institute of Traditional Medicine.

The delegates were accompanied by Dr. Paul Mhame, the Acting Assistant Director of Traditional and Alternative Medicine ection and Dr. Ahadiel R. Senkoro, the Deputy Director for Curative Service who was representing the Permanent Secretary in the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare Dr. Donald Mbando.

5) Dr. Paul P. Mhame and Dr. L. Vumilia from the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare visited the Institute on April 29, 2015 to conduct a sensitization workshop on ‘Contribution of Traditional Medicine to Modern Medicine’ to MMED students at MUHAS.

6) Dr. Ruth R. Suza and Dr. Paul Mhame from the Ministry of Health and Social

UPCOMING EVENTS

1. ITM to conduct short training course in traditional medicine development for traditional health practitioners in August 22 to 26, 2016.

2. Fourth MUHAS Annual Scientific Conference in June 23 to 24, 2016 at LAPF Conference Hall, Kijitonyama, DSM


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Welfare visited the Institute on May 25, 2015 to discuss capacity of ITM in validation of Traditional medicine as a component and requirement for registration.

7) Ms. Joan Kimirei and Dr. Edmond Lyatuu from GAIN – Market Place – Tanzania visited the Institute on May 25, 2015 to discuss coaching strategies in Marketing Morizella Juice.

8) Dr. Kyoumghee Oh, The Director for Biological and Genetic resources utilization at the National Institute of Biological Research (NIBR)-Korea, visited the Institute on June 20, 2015 to discuss possible collaboration in the area of research and utilization of biodiversity

9) Dr. Eliningaya Kweka, TPRI, Arusha Tanzania visited the Institute on June 30, 2015, to discuss possible collaboration work in pesticide research

10) A delegation composed of Olot Andrein, Carinnapri and Sammy Kiambi visited the Institute on November 11, 2015 for site evaluation in line with the African Centre of Excellence (ACE II) funding proposal application

11) Hugo de Boer, and Ghorbani Abdolbaset visited the Institute on November 16, 2015 on collaboration work between the Department of Organismal Biology of the Uppsala University, Naturalis Biodiversity Centre-Leiden University and the Department of Medical Botany, Plant Breeding on Plant molecular studies basing on genomic DNA barcoding

12) Ms. Amina Mshighati and Mr. Denis Mwangomo from Tanzania Food and Drug Authority visited the Institute from December 21 to 22, 2015 for Inspection of the GMP Production Unit.

LIST OF PUBLICATIONS (JAN – DEC 2015)1. Innocent E and A. Hassanali. Constituents of essential oils from three plant

species used in traditional medicine and insect control in Tanzania, Journal of Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants, 2015, 21:3, 219-229.

2. Novatus F. Mushi, Ester Innocent, Abdul W. Kidukuli. Cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities of substituted Phenanthrenes from the roots of Combretum adenogonium Steud Ex A. Rich (Combretaceae). J Intercult Ethnopharmacol. 2015; 4(1): 52-56

3. Ramadhani S.O. Nondo, Denis Zofou, Mainen J. Moshi, Paul Erasto, Samuel Wanji, Moses N. Ngemenja, Vincent P.K. Titanji, Abdul W. Kidukuli and Pax J. Masimba. Ethnobotanical survey and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of medicinal plants used to treat malaria in Kagera and Lindi regions, Tanzania.


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Journal of Medicinal Plant Research 2015; 9(6):179-192

4. Ramadhani S. O. Nondo, Mainen J. Moshi, Paul Erasto, Denis Zofou, Abdel J. Njouendou, Samuel Wanji, Moses N. Ngemenya, Abdul W. Kidukuli1, Pax J. Masimba1, Vincent P.K. Titanji. Evaluation of the cytotoxic activity of extracts from medicinal plants used for the treatment of malaria in Kagera and Lindi regions, Tanzania. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences 2015; 5 (04): 007-012

5. Kidukuli AW, Maregesi SM, Saria J, Otieno NJ, Lawi Y, Nondo RS, Innocent EM, Mlimbila J, Mihale MJ, Moshi MJ. Larvicidal efficacy of some Tephrosia species extracts against Anopheles gambiae s.s and Culex Quinquefasciatus Say. Spatula Drug Discovery. 2015; 5(1): 21-25.

6. Joseph Otieno, Siri Abihudi, Sarina Veldman, Michael Nahashon, Tinde van Andel and Hugo J de Boer. Vernacular dominance in folk taxonomy: a case study of ethnospecies in Medicinal plant trade in Tanzania Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 2015,11:10.

7. Luhaga M. A., Saria J., 1Lawi Y., Kidukuli A.W., Mutaunjuka J.A., Lumumba AK., Otieno J. 2015. Brine shrimp cytotoxicity, phytochemical screening and larvicidal activities of Plectranthus barbatus extracts against Anopheles gambiaess and Aedes aegyptiae.

8. Otieno JN, Moshi MJ, Mbwambo ZH P. (2015) Adoption of community based cultivation of medicinal plants for management of HIV/AIDS in Coast region, Tanzania Herald J. Agric. Food Sci. Res. Vol. 4 (2), pp. 014 – 020.

9. Kessy I and Kayombo EJ (2015). Utilization of Modern Contraceptives for Family Planning in Urban Setting: Kitunda Ward of Ilala Municipal, Dar-es-Salaam City, Tanzania submitted for publication Global Public Health An International Journal for Research, Policy and Practice Open Access Library Journal, 2: e2025.http//dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1 102025.

10. B. Samwel , E. Innocent and P. J. Masimba. Larvicidal Activity of Metarhizium anisopliae and Annona squamosa Leaf Extract against Culex quinquefasciatus and Anopheles gambiae Larvae. Journal of Applied Life Sciences International 2015, 3(4): 169-176.

11. Ester Innocent, Joseph Sempombe, Pax J Masimba, Innocent Daniel, Matthias Heydenreich. Comparison of cycloartenone from four insecticidal Kotschya species (Fabaceae) harvested during dry and wet Seasons. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2015; 4(4): 97-102.


26ISSN 1821-8547

VALUES of the Institute

While conducting its daily research and development activities, the Institute shall uphold the following values as its guiding pillars:

Integrity: The Institute is committed to the protection of all information it receives from tradition-

al healers and shall do its best to ensure rightful sharing of accruing benefits

Social responsibility: The Institute recognizes that it has responsibility to the people, of this country, to ensure

that traditional medicine contributes to improvement of their health and social well being.

Excellence: The Institute is committed to build a strong team of researchers that will ensure a rapid

integration of traditional medicines into the healthcare system.

Transparency: The Institute is committed to promote transparency of its activities within the intellectu-

al property framework

Teamwork: The Institute recognize the contributions of other institutions towards achieving its vi-

sion and mission it will work with diverse stakeholders

INSTITUTE OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINE

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