Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy,...

41
Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy: Present and Future Prof. Dimitar Tonev Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

Transcript of Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy,...

Page 1: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy:

Present and Future

Prof. Dimitar Tonev

Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy

Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

Page 2: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

INRNE-BAS TODAY

The biggest complex centre in Bulgaria forscientific and application investigations in thefields of:

Nuclear physics

Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies

High energy physics

Radiation environment and ecology

Theoretical and mathematical physics

The research reactor of the INRNE-BAS

Basic environmental observatory at peak Moussala

Cyclotron laboratory

World recognized results of the INRNE notified during the European Science Foundation evaluation of the BAS.

Page 3: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

Prof. Elisaveta Karamihailova (1897-1969) Pioneer of the Experimental Nuclear Physics in Bulgaria

Page 4: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

The group of Acad.

W. Andrejtscheff is the

world leader in the field

of lifetime

measurements!

Page 5: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

On 18 june 2015 Thomson Reuters awards INRNE with first place for Essential Science

Indicators for highly cited, top and hot papers.

THOMSON REUTERS

Page 6: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

Bulgaria since 1999 Member State of CERN

Member of CMS since 1991, CMS MoU signed in 1999

Page 7: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

Scientists from INRNE are actively participating in Experiments of synthesis of super-heavy elements at

the Nuclear Reaction Lab at JINR-Dubna, Russia

Page 8: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

Astroparticle physics, ground based gamma-ray astronomy of very

high energies

INRNE is an official member of the big international collaboration MAGIC

(Major Atmospheric Gama Imaging Cerenkov telescope) since 2005 via the

Laboratory of Particle and Astroparticle Physics

Scientific goals of MAGIC experiment:

• Discovery of the origin and acceleration mechanisms of Cosmic rays

• Search for Dark Matter, testing the fundamental laws and cosmological

models

• Discovery of new very high energy gamma-ray sources and detailed

investigation of known ones

Page 9: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

IRT-200 Mission

EDUCATION Nuclear energy, technology and investigations

Dosimetry, radiation protection

Physics, radiochemistry and radiobiology

Nuclear safety

Applications Neutron activation analysis

Production of isotopes

Radio-pharmacy

Nanotechnology

Neutron radiography

New materials

Metrology

Page 10: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

1956-1957 – training of group Bulgarian scientists and engineers in operation of IRT in Kurchatov Institute , Moskow: Simeon Ruskov, Vasil Hristov, Nikolay Buchvarov, Anton Markov, Ilija Mishev, KrikorSakalijan and Dimitar Vatev.

The beginning

Page 11: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

Before the Reactor construction, 1956

The Reactor under construction

Page 12: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

IRT-2000 and related laboratories constituted a national centеr for scientific and applied research, as well as for education and training of specialists in the field of nuclear science and technology.

IRT-2000 Research Reactor

Russian and Bulgarian specialists taking part in the IRT-2000 start-up

Page 13: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

First stage of the construction and commissioning of

the Kozloduy NPP

13

30.06.1974 – Start up of unit 1

22.08.1975 – Start up of unit 2

The official opening of KNPP was on 4-th of September 1974

1970 – 1975 г. – construction of 1 and 2 unit

with

pressurized water reactors type WWER-440,

model V-230.

Page 14: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

The State Enterprise Radioactive Waste started the

construction of National Disposal Facility for Low- and

Intermediate Level Radioactive Waste - 29.08.2017

Page 15: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

Мисия ИРТ-200

ОБУЧЕНИЕ Ядрена енергия, енергетика, технологии и изследвания Дозиметрия, лъчезащита и лъчеинженерство Физика и биология Ядрена култура

ПРИЛОЖЕНИЯ Неутронен активационен анализ Производство на радиоизотопи Радио-фармация Облъчване на материали Неутронна радиография Материалознание Метрология

Basic environmental observatoryPeak Moussala-2928 m.

Page 16: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

Laboratory for technical development - Physics

Page 17: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

Radioactive transborder transfer: Fukushima

131I

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

8h 23.03

20h 24.03

8h 26.03

21h 27.03

8h 29.03

20h 30.03

8h 01.04

20h 02.04

8h 04.04

20h 05.04

8h 07.04

time, date, month

mB

q/m

3

134Cs

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

8h 23.03

8h 24.03

8h 25.03

8h 26.03

9h 27.03

9h 28.03

8h 29.03

8h 30.03

8h 31.03

8h 01.04

8h 02.04

8h 03.04

8h 04.04

8h 05.04

8h 06.04

8h 07.04

time, date, month

mB

q/m

3137Cs

00.010.020.03

0.040.050.060.07

8h 23.03

8h 24.03

8h 25.03

8h 26.03

9h 27.03

9h 28.03

8h 29.03

8h 30.03

8h 31.03

8h 01.04

8h 02.04

8h 03.04

8h 04.04

8h 05.04

8h 06.04

8h 07.04

time, date, month

mB

q/m

3

Page 18: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

“Extreme external climate

conditions”

INRNE and

Stress-tests of

the NPP

“Kozloduy”

Page 19: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

Optimization of nuclear fuel behavior for

WWER-100019

Page 20: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology
Page 21: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

Expert activity

Scientific Support for Nuclear Energy, Researchand expertise for Nuclear Safety of NPP, BNRA,NPP "Kozloduy“ EAD, Ministry of energy,National electric company EAD, StateEnterprise Radioactive Waste, and others.

Page 22: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

The Cyclotron Laboratory at INRNE-BAS

Page 23: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

TR-24, ACSI(EBCO), Vancouver, Canada

Page 24: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

TR-24, ACSI(EBCO), Vancouver, Canada

•Accelerates H- ions

•Extraction by stripping foils

•Beam Energy: 15 – 24 MeV

•Beam Current: 400 µA

•Upgradeable to 1 mA

•Dual Beam Extraction

•External CUSP ion source

•Turbomolecular and cryo vacuum

pumps

•Vacuum:5.10-7 – 10-6 Torr

PET: 11C, 13N, 15O, 18F, 124I, 64Cu, 68Ge

SPECT: 123I, 111In, 67Ga, 57Co, 99mTc

Page 25: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

Beamlines, targets and target stations for

PET&SPECT radioisotopes production

x 2 x 3

x 1

Page 26: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

The TR Family of Cyclotrons

●TR-30 was designed at TRIUMF, Canada at the end of the 80's and has been manufactured since then by ACSI(EBCO).

●Over 90% of all commercially supplied SPECT radioisotopes in North America, like 201Tl, 123I, 67Ga and 111In,

are PRODUCED on TR-30 cyclotrons.

●Since 1996 all 30 MeV cyclotrons for commercial production of SPECT radioisotopes installed in North America

are made by ACSI(EBCO).

●TR-30 cyclotrons have been operated 24/7 for 20+ years.

●In 2014 TRIUMF purchased a TR-24 cyclotron for its research program in radiopharmacy.

TR-19, 14-19 MeV, H-(D-)

TR-24, 15-24 MeV, H-

TR-30, 15-30 MeV, H-(D-)

Page 27: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

Radiochemical Laboratories for Production of PET Radiopharmaceuticals

Equipment:

Hot Cells

Synthesis modules

Laminar Flowbox

Page 28: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

The Cyclotron Laboratory at INRNE-BAS

The aim is to establish a center for:

Applied Research

R&D in Radiopharmacy

Production of

Radiopharmaceuticals

Fundamental Science –

Chemistry, Biology, Physics

Training and Education in:

Nuclear Energy;

Radiochemistry;

Radiopharmacy;

Nuclear Physics;

Radiation Protection.

Page 29: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

Current use of medical radioisotopes

Diagnostics

95 % Beta-emitters186,188Re, 90Y, 186/188Re

177Lu, 131I, 165Dy166Ho, 105Rh, 111Ag

Alpha-emitters212Bi, 213Bi, 211At

255Fm, 225Ac, 223Ra

Brachytherapy192Ir, 182Ta, 137Cs103Pd, 125I, 60Co

SPECT99mTc, 111In, 123I,

201Tl, 67GaPET

18F, 11C, 13N15O, 68Ga, 64Cu

86Y, 89Zr, 124I

Purpose

44Sc / 47Sc64Cu / 67Cu

86Y / 90Y124I / 123/131I

67/68Ga / 111In99mTc / 186/188Re

68Ga / 67Gain-vitro

3H, 14C

32P, 125I

TheranosticsTherapy

5%

Theranostics = Therapy + Diagnostics

№1: 99Mo/99mTc

№2: 18F

Page 30: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

30

Cyclotron Vault Layout

A tender procedure for a project of the

building is going to finish yesterday, 11.09.2018

Page 31: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

⁶⁸Ga 31p 37n

Probability Mode Decay Energy Daughter

100.% β+ 1898.9keV ⁶⁸Zn

Yield Nuclide

100.% ⁶⁸Zn

Atomic Weight 67.927980084

Abundance None

Mass Excess -67.08612MeV

Binding Energy 8.70122MeV

Page 32: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

⁶⁸Ga as a radiopharmaceutical

⁶⁸Ga in clinical trials proves itself to be a good

contender for replacement of the currently used

radionuclide pharmaceuticals (111In) and gives a

great opportunity for optimization of treatments

and imaging methods.

Its shorter half-life of 68 minutes allows for faster

clearance from the organism and it makes it

possible to use on the same patient with a shorter

waiting period in between application.

Page 33: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

Fig. 1 A middle-aged patient has an 111In-DTPA-octreotide SPECT/CT scan demonstrating a focus of uptake in a 1 cm right lower quadrant mesenteric lymph node (arrow, A and C). There is trace uptake in a normal sized (5 mm) peri-pancreatic lymph node (B) that prospectively was read as normal.

Fig.2 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT scan performed prior to surgery revealed the already known right lower quadrant lymph node (D and F) as well as clear-cut intense uptake in the peri-pancreatic lymph node (E) that was read earlier as normal. The surgical plan was changed to extent the field to include resection confirmed metastatic disease.

Page 34: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

INRNE and National Scientific Road Map

National cyclotron center

EURATOM–INRNE

CTA-MAGIC

ACTRIS

CERN

JINR

Page 35: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

11 - EURATOM

8 with JINR, Dubna

6 - JRC

5 - “Res. infrastructures”

1 - “Environment”

1 - MCA IRSES

1 - ERA NET

3 – COST

And more

Projects

Page 36: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

United We Stand Strong

Bulgarian Presidency of the Council of the EU

1 January – 30 June 2018

We shall finish what we started together

• Council Conclusions ona reformed ITERproject - the wayforward

ITER, means „passage” from latin – the aims are to contribute to a much faster realization of the prospect that most of our electricity needs will be covered by fusion.

• Extension of theEURATOM Programmefor research andtraining during 2019-2020

Page 37: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

ITER: An unprecedented international collaboration

Page 38: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

• Council Conclusions on a reformed ITER project -the way forward

• Extension of the EURATOM Programme forresearch and training during 2019-2020

• Research and Innovation for Food and NutritionSecurity and Quality Empowerment

Research and Innovation:Priority topics

Page 39: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

Workshops and conferences, organized by INRNE

INRNE organized many workshops and conferences on nuclear physics, nuclear theory,

fuel modelling (WWER), quantum systems

Page 40: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology
Page 41: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy ... an… · Nuclear physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies High energy physics Radiation environment and ecology

Thank you!