Insights from post-combustion capture · Jan.-Dec. 2016 $12 million $14.6 million This is part of...
Transcript of Insights from post-combustion capture · Jan.-Dec. 2016 $12 million $14.6 million This is part of...
Insights from post-combustion capture knowledge-building and cost-reduction
through open-access deployment activities
Jon GibbinsDirector UK CCS Research CentreProfessor of CCS University of SheffieldwwwukccsrcacukEmail jgibbinssheffieldacuk
UKCCSRC Webinar26 June 2020
bull Examples of many CCS technologies are now at TRL 9 or soon will be ndash but that does not mean that research opportunities have ended
bull Commercial Readiness Index now needs to be increased
bull This requires research at all TRLs ndash research at all of the TRLs can get a fast track into deployment if it addresses an identified need
bull Open access is required for two-way information flow between deployment (especially when government funded) and research and innovation activities (also mostly government funded)
bull Experience on other energy technologies indicates that applicable TRL1-9 research including for upgrades in service only stopswhen the last plants are closed
Commercial Readiness Index (CRI) for CCS now needs to be increased
Bankable Asset Class
Market competitiondriving widespread development
Multiple Commercial Applications
Commercial Scale Up
Commercial Trial Small Scale
Hypothetical Commercial Proposition
System test launch and operation
Systemsubsystem development
Technology demonstration
Technology development
Research to prove feasibility
Basic technology research
TRL
CRI
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
6
5
4
3
2
1
Based on Bruce Adderley Jeremy Carey Jon Gibbins Mathieu Lucquiaud and Richard Smith ldquoPost-Combustion Carbon Dioxide Capture Cost Reduction to 2030 and beyondrdquo Faraday Discussion on CCS July 2016 httppubsrscorgenContentArticleLanding2016FDc6fd00046kdivAbstract based on httparenagovaufiles201402Commercial-Readiness-Indexpdf
Innovation is driven by knowledge exchange - feedback and feedforwardEnergy Research Partnership reported in 2006 in httpwwwepsrcacuknewseventspubssecond-uk-energy-research-summit(and subsequently reproduced in various forms including wwwukercacuksupporttiki-download_filephpfileId=3619 )
From RK Lester Regionalizing Energy Technology Demonstrations MIT Carbon Sequestration Forum 16 Cambridge MA November 12-13 2014
From RK Lester Regionalizing Energy Technology Demonstrations MIT Carbon Sequestration Forum 16 Cambridge MA November 12-13 2014
Mobile phones reached TRL 9 in the early 1980s but innovation did not stop
bull The lsquoclock ratersquo for evolution in mobile phones is much faster than that for the different CCS technologies
bull But even with a lsquothrow awayrsquo commodity like mobile phones updates in service via software and add-ons is also important
bull Fundamental research on a very wide range of component technologies has been essential for making progress
bull Very few major changes in approach (ie really just one ndash the smartphone) have been required to achieve a lot of improvements and even then the new models had many common elements with previous examples
bull Very good communication between developers since products are available on the open market for detailed inspection
httpsslideplayercomslide5274949 Shona Simms lsquoHow have mobile phones changed over timersquo
2014 SaskPower Saskatchewan Canada Old power plant being rebuilt with a state-of-the-art turbine and a fully-integrated carbon capture system capable of cutting CO2 emissions by up to 90 or approximately one million tonnes a year httpwwwsaskpowercom
Boundary Dam ndash first operational plant in the world
SaskPower Boundary Dam Unit 3 CO2 capture project
bull EOR opportunities in Saskatchewan
bull Officially opened October 2014
bull Cansolv (Shell subsidiary) post-combustion capture
bull Hitachi Canada boiler modified steam turbine air quality control system
bull Final approval in April 2011
bull First CCS power project in the world
bull $14-billion project
bull Refurbish sub-critical unit
bull Capturing ~ 1Mt CO2 yr
httpieaghgorgpublicationstechnical-reports2015-technical-reports603-2015-06
AmineYou have likely heard amine and the cost to maintain it mentioned in the news But what is it and what part does it play in capturing carbon dioxide Like the oil in our cars every time you use it a small portion degrades and become less effective Thats why we get periodic oil changes In the CCS process we use amine to strip carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide from coal emissions Once we use it we send it through a filtration system and it goes back for another round of capture Every time some of it degrades This wasnt an unknown piece of maintenance but the speed at which it happens is faster than expected That means more costs for cleaning and to add new amine more frequently than planned
Forecasted Budget Actual SpendJan-Dec 2015 $5 million $173 millionJan-Dec 2016 $12 million $146 million
This is part of more than $490 million SaskPower spends to maintain its $10 billion of assets annually As you can see we spent more than planned on amine maintenance We also learned and we increased our forecast for 2016-17 We found ways to address the issue by half and thats largely how we went from capturing 400000 tonnes of carbon dioxide in year one to 800000 in year two of operation That doesnt mean the issue is solved Were forecasting approximately $15 million for amine maintenance in 2017 and our engineers are hard at work to keep improving how this complex chemical process performs
From Google archive 3062019 of httpswwwsaskpowercomabout-usOur-CompanyBlog201803a-word-from-the-
president-on-smart-meters-and-carbon-capture-and-storage since original apparently no longer available
Amine management issues noted in 2016 but very limited details published
httpswwwsaskpowercomOur-Power-FutureInfrastructure-ProjectsCarbon-Capture-and-StorageBoundary-Dam-Carbon-Capture-Project
Petra Nova is a joint venture between NRG Energy and JX Nippon Oil amp Gas Exploration that became operational in early January 2017
The largest post-combustion CCS project installed on an existing coal-fired power plant in the world The project is designed to capture approximately 90 percent or 16 million tons annually of the CO2 from NRG Energys WA Parish 240 MW generating station in Texas
httpwwwourworldofenergycomvignettesphptype=coal-powerampid=11
Flue Duct
Quencher
AbsorberRegenerator
Cogeneration(steam amp power)
Compressor
CO2 Pipeline
Petra NovaCarbon Capture
Site
https2w4set5pkcc374jjw3jbdf15-wpenginenetdna-sslcomwp-contentuploads2017105-Armpriester-Petra-Novapdf
Carbon Capture System Site Layout
Wet flue gas cooling rather than dry cooling as at BD3 also has a conventional wet FGD upstream that will not be affected by fly ash
Pilot testing using real flue gas essential for coal oil and biomass
MHI Pilot Testing Experienceverified by their experience with 10 tpd and 500 tpd pilot test units and subsequently the full scale Petra Nova plant
ldquohelliphellip before offering commercial CO2 capture plants for coal fired flue gas application it is necessary to verify the influence of and develop countermeasures for related impurities contained in coal fired flue gas This includes the influence on both the absorbent and the entire system of the CO2 capture plant to achieve high operational reliability and minimize maintenance requirementsrdquo
ldquoPreventing the accumulation of impurities especially the build-up of dust is very important when treating coal fired flue gas and MHI has undertaken significant work to understand the impact of impurities in order to achieve reliable and stable operating conditions and to efficiently optimize integration between the CO2 capture plant the coal fired power plant and the flue gas clean-up equipmentrdquo
Takahiko Endo Yoshinori Kajiya Hiromitsu Nagayasu Masaki Iijima Tsuyoshi Ohishi Hiroshi Tanaka amp Ronald Mitchell Current Status of MHI CO2
Capture Plant technology Large Scale Demonstration Project and Road map to Commercialization for Coal Fired Flue Gas Application 10th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies 19th-23rd September 2010 RAI Amsterdam The Netherlands
Masaki Iijima Tatsuto Nagayasu Takashi Kamijyo Shinya Kishimoto Shinsuke Nakatani Large-scale Carbon Dioxide Capture Demonstration Project at a Coal-fired Power Plant in the USA Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Technical Review Vol 49 No 1 (March 2012) httpwwwmhicojptechnologyreviewpdfe491e491037pdf
Run 2011-2015
OEM User Site name Size Approximate
dates
MHI EON NA 100 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
MHI Southern Plant Barry 500 tpd 2011-2015
Cansolv EON Heyden ~150 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
HTCDoosan SSE Ferrybridge 100 tpd 2011-2012
Cansolv RWE Aberthaw 50 tpd 2013
Fluor RWE Wilmhelmshaven 70 tpd 2012-2015
Mitsubishi Hitachi
(now also Cansolv)
SaskPower Shand 120 tpd 2015-2017
2018-
httpwwwcansolvcomrtecontentdocumentCO2Pilotplant2009pdfhttpswwwgovukgovernmentcase-studiescarbon-capture-project-case-studieshttpwwwrwecomwebcmsen2756rweinnovationpower-generationfossil-fired-power-plantsco2-removal-ukhttpwwwfluorcomprojectscarbon-capture-plant-design-buildhttpssequestrationmitedutoolsprojectsshandhtml
Summary of large pilot testing on coal power plants (to 2018)
Peter Moser Georg Wiechers Sandra Schmidt Juliana Garcia Moretz-SohnMonteiro Charithea Charalambous Susana Garcia Eva Sanchez FernandezResults of the 18-month test with MEA at the post-combustion capture pilot plant at Niederaussem ndash new impetus to solvent management emissions and dynamic behaviour International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Volume 95 2020 httpsdoiorg101016jijggc2019102945
First published extended pilot test results from RWE pilot plant ndash part of the ACT project ALIGN
But a much longer period of satisfactory operation with reclaiming (in this case ion exchange) would be required to derisk commercial deployment
httpswwwdraxcompress_releasenegative-emissions-pioneer-drax-and-leading-global-carbon-capture-
company-mitsubishi-heavy-industries-group-announce-new-beccs-pilot
24th June 2020
Drax Group and Mitsubishi Heavy
Industries Engineering Ltd part of
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Group
(MHI) have agreed a new bioenergy
with carbon capture and storage
(BECCS) pilot project at Drax Power
Station which will get underway this
autumn
The pilot will test MHIrsquos carbon capture
technology ndash marking another step on
Draxrsquos journey towards achieving its
world-leading ambition to be a carbon
negative company by 2030
MHIrsquos 12-month pilot will capture
around 300kg of CO2 a day for the
purpose of confirming its technologyrsquos
suitability for use with biomass flue
gases at Drax
Experience of coal pilot plant test duration
bull The Plant Barry pilot unit is an exception with respect to running hours (again because it is producing CO2 for a storage trial) with over 13000 hours by 2014
bull Test duration at the MHI 10 tpd Matsushima pilot unit was ~5000 hours of operation plus another 1000 hours to verify performance at high fly ash loadings1
bull The Fluor pilot unit at Wilhelmshaven was run for a total of ~7000 hours
bull The Shand unit was reported to have been contracted to Mitsubishi Hitachi for 8000 hours of testing
bull Other test programs (eg CCPilot100+ and Cansolv Aberthaw) were truncated prematurely due to changing commercial conditions
bull It is therefore expected to require 4000 - 6000 hours of operation in PCC pilot trials with a proposed solvent reclaimingmakeup approach and operational parameters to verify satisfactory solvent performance although a bad solvent (or solvent management approach) could be evident much earlier
bull RWE recently ran a non-commercial test for gt 1 year
bull But there is MUCH more data to be had from operating power plants ndash these will raise fundamental knowledge questions in areas that in pilot plants donrsquot even exist
A cautionary tale ndash fortunately not PCC
httpwwwpower-engcomarticles201410kemper-plant-costs-rise-an-additional-496m-due-to-startup-delays-brings-total-cost-to-6-1bhtmlcmpid=enl-E280A614
httpwwwmississippipowercomabout-energyplantskemper-county-energy-facilityfacts
Plant 582-megawatt electric power plantTechnology TRIGtrade Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)Location Kemper County Miss about 20 miles north of Meridian MissFuel Mississippi lignite approximately 47 million tons used per year
4 billion mineable tons available in Mississippi aloneCO2 capture At least 65 percent
ldquoThree factors that doomed Kemperrdquo 30 June 2017httpsspectrumieeeorgenergywiseenergyfossil-fuelsthe-three-factors-that-doomed-kemper-county-igcc
bull Complex technology was one of three critical factors dogging the IGCC
bull Perhaps more critical to the plantrsquos fate were ldquounknown startup operation and technology risksrdquo
bull 20 years ago a case could be made for IGCC Then came fracking
bull Initially the project was estimated to cost $22 billion cancelled at $66 billion
[PCC for coal and natural gas plants]
Southerns coal-fired power plants Miller in
Alabama and Daniel in Mississippi will be
included in the plan as well as Plant Ratcliffe
Southern said it chose Kemper County for the
study because of geology that may be able to
store hundreds of millions of metric tons of
carbon underground Burleson said The
geologic formations known as salt domes are
considered to be great places to store carbon
because they can trap the gas and prevent it
from coming back out of the ground he said
But the sound of it brings back bad memories
for Louie Miller director of the Sierra Clubs
Mississippi chapter which fervently opposed
the project for years
helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip
After Southern stopped all work on the
carbon-capture portion of Kemper which had
ballooned into a $75 billion project by June
2017 the company eventually wrote off the
proprietary technology planned at the site
known as transport integrated gasification
(TRIG) technology That ended hopes of
marketing and selling it to other utilities in the
US and elsewhere
httpswwweenewsnetstories1063448493
THURSDAY JUNE 25 2020 - 126 PMAtkins and Oslo Economics have today submitted the second quality assurance report (KS2) on the CO2 capture and storage project
Norcem will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the cement plant in Brevik while Fortum Oslo Varme will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the waste incineration plant at Klemetsrud
Equinor Shell and Total will store the CO2 under the seabed
According to the report total investments for the project are expected to be between NOK 129 and 171 billion in 2021 depending on whether it is decided to invest in one or two capture facilities
The associated operating costs for ten years of operation will be between NOK 57 and 80 billion
The measure is considered costly with an expected cost of NOK 25 billion [~$26 bn] in 2021 for a total of 10 years of investment and operation of two capture facilities transport with three vessels and storage with two wells including any decommissioning costs The state should take 80 percent of the bill
ldquoThe demonstration project can be socially economically viable given an ambitious climate policy that produces CO2 prices that are about ten times higher than todays quota prices There is considerable uncertainty on the utility side and the measure can therefore also prove to be considerably unprofitable Third-party financing is needed to secure subsequent facilities rdquothe report states
ldquoIt may be best to realize one capture project instead of two because it provides greater inventory volume available for other capture projects and because it reduces the cost without necessarily reducing the learning effects Norcems capture facility appears to be preferable to FOVs primarily due to lower life-cycle costs it further states
Energy Minister Tina Bru (H) has not concluded what she wants to do with the assessments in the report
httpswwwoedigitalcomnews479665-norway-s-carbon-capture-and-storage-project-estimated-to-cost-2-6b
Project costs being examined in Norway
httpsukccsrcacuk
open-access-carbon-
capture-and-storage-
at-karsto-norway
FEED report + gt200
supporting documents
available via
UKCCSRC web site
PLANT AERIAL
VIEW AND
LOCATION
TIE-IN TO EXISTING STACK
TECHNICAL amp COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
bull Examples of many CCS technologies are now at TRL 9 or soon will be ndash but that does not mean that research opportunities have ended
bull Commercial Readiness Index now needs to be increased
bull This requires research at all TRLs ndash research at all of the TRLs can get a fast track into deployment if it addresses an identified need
bull Open access is required for two-way information flow between deployment (especially when government funded) and research and innovation activities (also mostly government funded)
bull Experience on other energy technologies indicates that applicable TRL1-9 research including for upgrades in service only stopswhen the last plants are closed
Commercial Readiness Index (CRI) for CCS now needs to be increased
Bankable Asset Class
Market competitiondriving widespread development
Multiple Commercial Applications
Commercial Scale Up
Commercial Trial Small Scale
Hypothetical Commercial Proposition
System test launch and operation
Systemsubsystem development
Technology demonstration
Technology development
Research to prove feasibility
Basic technology research
TRL
CRI
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
6
5
4
3
2
1
Based on Bruce Adderley Jeremy Carey Jon Gibbins Mathieu Lucquiaud and Richard Smith ldquoPost-Combustion Carbon Dioxide Capture Cost Reduction to 2030 and beyondrdquo Faraday Discussion on CCS July 2016 httppubsrscorgenContentArticleLanding2016FDc6fd00046kdivAbstract based on httparenagovaufiles201402Commercial-Readiness-Indexpdf
Innovation is driven by knowledge exchange - feedback and feedforwardEnergy Research Partnership reported in 2006 in httpwwwepsrcacuknewseventspubssecond-uk-energy-research-summit(and subsequently reproduced in various forms including wwwukercacuksupporttiki-download_filephpfileId=3619 )
From RK Lester Regionalizing Energy Technology Demonstrations MIT Carbon Sequestration Forum 16 Cambridge MA November 12-13 2014
From RK Lester Regionalizing Energy Technology Demonstrations MIT Carbon Sequestration Forum 16 Cambridge MA November 12-13 2014
Mobile phones reached TRL 9 in the early 1980s but innovation did not stop
bull The lsquoclock ratersquo for evolution in mobile phones is much faster than that for the different CCS technologies
bull But even with a lsquothrow awayrsquo commodity like mobile phones updates in service via software and add-ons is also important
bull Fundamental research on a very wide range of component technologies has been essential for making progress
bull Very few major changes in approach (ie really just one ndash the smartphone) have been required to achieve a lot of improvements and even then the new models had many common elements with previous examples
bull Very good communication between developers since products are available on the open market for detailed inspection
httpsslideplayercomslide5274949 Shona Simms lsquoHow have mobile phones changed over timersquo
2014 SaskPower Saskatchewan Canada Old power plant being rebuilt with a state-of-the-art turbine and a fully-integrated carbon capture system capable of cutting CO2 emissions by up to 90 or approximately one million tonnes a year httpwwwsaskpowercom
Boundary Dam ndash first operational plant in the world
SaskPower Boundary Dam Unit 3 CO2 capture project
bull EOR opportunities in Saskatchewan
bull Officially opened October 2014
bull Cansolv (Shell subsidiary) post-combustion capture
bull Hitachi Canada boiler modified steam turbine air quality control system
bull Final approval in April 2011
bull First CCS power project in the world
bull $14-billion project
bull Refurbish sub-critical unit
bull Capturing ~ 1Mt CO2 yr
httpieaghgorgpublicationstechnical-reports2015-technical-reports603-2015-06
AmineYou have likely heard amine and the cost to maintain it mentioned in the news But what is it and what part does it play in capturing carbon dioxide Like the oil in our cars every time you use it a small portion degrades and become less effective Thats why we get periodic oil changes In the CCS process we use amine to strip carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide from coal emissions Once we use it we send it through a filtration system and it goes back for another round of capture Every time some of it degrades This wasnt an unknown piece of maintenance but the speed at which it happens is faster than expected That means more costs for cleaning and to add new amine more frequently than planned
Forecasted Budget Actual SpendJan-Dec 2015 $5 million $173 millionJan-Dec 2016 $12 million $146 million
This is part of more than $490 million SaskPower spends to maintain its $10 billion of assets annually As you can see we spent more than planned on amine maintenance We also learned and we increased our forecast for 2016-17 We found ways to address the issue by half and thats largely how we went from capturing 400000 tonnes of carbon dioxide in year one to 800000 in year two of operation That doesnt mean the issue is solved Were forecasting approximately $15 million for amine maintenance in 2017 and our engineers are hard at work to keep improving how this complex chemical process performs
From Google archive 3062019 of httpswwwsaskpowercomabout-usOur-CompanyBlog201803a-word-from-the-
president-on-smart-meters-and-carbon-capture-and-storage since original apparently no longer available
Amine management issues noted in 2016 but very limited details published
httpswwwsaskpowercomOur-Power-FutureInfrastructure-ProjectsCarbon-Capture-and-StorageBoundary-Dam-Carbon-Capture-Project
Petra Nova is a joint venture between NRG Energy and JX Nippon Oil amp Gas Exploration that became operational in early January 2017
The largest post-combustion CCS project installed on an existing coal-fired power plant in the world The project is designed to capture approximately 90 percent or 16 million tons annually of the CO2 from NRG Energys WA Parish 240 MW generating station in Texas
httpwwwourworldofenergycomvignettesphptype=coal-powerampid=11
Flue Duct
Quencher
AbsorberRegenerator
Cogeneration(steam amp power)
Compressor
CO2 Pipeline
Petra NovaCarbon Capture
Site
https2w4set5pkcc374jjw3jbdf15-wpenginenetdna-sslcomwp-contentuploads2017105-Armpriester-Petra-Novapdf
Carbon Capture System Site Layout
Wet flue gas cooling rather than dry cooling as at BD3 also has a conventional wet FGD upstream that will not be affected by fly ash
Pilot testing using real flue gas essential for coal oil and biomass
MHI Pilot Testing Experienceverified by their experience with 10 tpd and 500 tpd pilot test units and subsequently the full scale Petra Nova plant
ldquohelliphellip before offering commercial CO2 capture plants for coal fired flue gas application it is necessary to verify the influence of and develop countermeasures for related impurities contained in coal fired flue gas This includes the influence on both the absorbent and the entire system of the CO2 capture plant to achieve high operational reliability and minimize maintenance requirementsrdquo
ldquoPreventing the accumulation of impurities especially the build-up of dust is very important when treating coal fired flue gas and MHI has undertaken significant work to understand the impact of impurities in order to achieve reliable and stable operating conditions and to efficiently optimize integration between the CO2 capture plant the coal fired power plant and the flue gas clean-up equipmentrdquo
Takahiko Endo Yoshinori Kajiya Hiromitsu Nagayasu Masaki Iijima Tsuyoshi Ohishi Hiroshi Tanaka amp Ronald Mitchell Current Status of MHI CO2
Capture Plant technology Large Scale Demonstration Project and Road map to Commercialization for Coal Fired Flue Gas Application 10th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies 19th-23rd September 2010 RAI Amsterdam The Netherlands
Masaki Iijima Tatsuto Nagayasu Takashi Kamijyo Shinya Kishimoto Shinsuke Nakatani Large-scale Carbon Dioxide Capture Demonstration Project at a Coal-fired Power Plant in the USA Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Technical Review Vol 49 No 1 (March 2012) httpwwwmhicojptechnologyreviewpdfe491e491037pdf
Run 2011-2015
OEM User Site name Size Approximate
dates
MHI EON NA 100 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
MHI Southern Plant Barry 500 tpd 2011-2015
Cansolv EON Heyden ~150 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
HTCDoosan SSE Ferrybridge 100 tpd 2011-2012
Cansolv RWE Aberthaw 50 tpd 2013
Fluor RWE Wilmhelmshaven 70 tpd 2012-2015
Mitsubishi Hitachi
(now also Cansolv)
SaskPower Shand 120 tpd 2015-2017
2018-
httpwwwcansolvcomrtecontentdocumentCO2Pilotplant2009pdfhttpswwwgovukgovernmentcase-studiescarbon-capture-project-case-studieshttpwwwrwecomwebcmsen2756rweinnovationpower-generationfossil-fired-power-plantsco2-removal-ukhttpwwwfluorcomprojectscarbon-capture-plant-design-buildhttpssequestrationmitedutoolsprojectsshandhtml
Summary of large pilot testing on coal power plants (to 2018)
Peter Moser Georg Wiechers Sandra Schmidt Juliana Garcia Moretz-SohnMonteiro Charithea Charalambous Susana Garcia Eva Sanchez FernandezResults of the 18-month test with MEA at the post-combustion capture pilot plant at Niederaussem ndash new impetus to solvent management emissions and dynamic behaviour International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Volume 95 2020 httpsdoiorg101016jijggc2019102945
First published extended pilot test results from RWE pilot plant ndash part of the ACT project ALIGN
But a much longer period of satisfactory operation with reclaiming (in this case ion exchange) would be required to derisk commercial deployment
httpswwwdraxcompress_releasenegative-emissions-pioneer-drax-and-leading-global-carbon-capture-
company-mitsubishi-heavy-industries-group-announce-new-beccs-pilot
24th June 2020
Drax Group and Mitsubishi Heavy
Industries Engineering Ltd part of
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Group
(MHI) have agreed a new bioenergy
with carbon capture and storage
(BECCS) pilot project at Drax Power
Station which will get underway this
autumn
The pilot will test MHIrsquos carbon capture
technology ndash marking another step on
Draxrsquos journey towards achieving its
world-leading ambition to be a carbon
negative company by 2030
MHIrsquos 12-month pilot will capture
around 300kg of CO2 a day for the
purpose of confirming its technologyrsquos
suitability for use with biomass flue
gases at Drax
Experience of coal pilot plant test duration
bull The Plant Barry pilot unit is an exception with respect to running hours (again because it is producing CO2 for a storage trial) with over 13000 hours by 2014
bull Test duration at the MHI 10 tpd Matsushima pilot unit was ~5000 hours of operation plus another 1000 hours to verify performance at high fly ash loadings1
bull The Fluor pilot unit at Wilhelmshaven was run for a total of ~7000 hours
bull The Shand unit was reported to have been contracted to Mitsubishi Hitachi for 8000 hours of testing
bull Other test programs (eg CCPilot100+ and Cansolv Aberthaw) were truncated prematurely due to changing commercial conditions
bull It is therefore expected to require 4000 - 6000 hours of operation in PCC pilot trials with a proposed solvent reclaimingmakeup approach and operational parameters to verify satisfactory solvent performance although a bad solvent (or solvent management approach) could be evident much earlier
bull RWE recently ran a non-commercial test for gt 1 year
bull But there is MUCH more data to be had from operating power plants ndash these will raise fundamental knowledge questions in areas that in pilot plants donrsquot even exist
A cautionary tale ndash fortunately not PCC
httpwwwpower-engcomarticles201410kemper-plant-costs-rise-an-additional-496m-due-to-startup-delays-brings-total-cost-to-6-1bhtmlcmpid=enl-E280A614
httpwwwmississippipowercomabout-energyplantskemper-county-energy-facilityfacts
Plant 582-megawatt electric power plantTechnology TRIGtrade Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)Location Kemper County Miss about 20 miles north of Meridian MissFuel Mississippi lignite approximately 47 million tons used per year
4 billion mineable tons available in Mississippi aloneCO2 capture At least 65 percent
ldquoThree factors that doomed Kemperrdquo 30 June 2017httpsspectrumieeeorgenergywiseenergyfossil-fuelsthe-three-factors-that-doomed-kemper-county-igcc
bull Complex technology was one of three critical factors dogging the IGCC
bull Perhaps more critical to the plantrsquos fate were ldquounknown startup operation and technology risksrdquo
bull 20 years ago a case could be made for IGCC Then came fracking
bull Initially the project was estimated to cost $22 billion cancelled at $66 billion
[PCC for coal and natural gas plants]
Southerns coal-fired power plants Miller in
Alabama and Daniel in Mississippi will be
included in the plan as well as Plant Ratcliffe
Southern said it chose Kemper County for the
study because of geology that may be able to
store hundreds of millions of metric tons of
carbon underground Burleson said The
geologic formations known as salt domes are
considered to be great places to store carbon
because they can trap the gas and prevent it
from coming back out of the ground he said
But the sound of it brings back bad memories
for Louie Miller director of the Sierra Clubs
Mississippi chapter which fervently opposed
the project for years
helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip
After Southern stopped all work on the
carbon-capture portion of Kemper which had
ballooned into a $75 billion project by June
2017 the company eventually wrote off the
proprietary technology planned at the site
known as transport integrated gasification
(TRIG) technology That ended hopes of
marketing and selling it to other utilities in the
US and elsewhere
httpswwweenewsnetstories1063448493
THURSDAY JUNE 25 2020 - 126 PMAtkins and Oslo Economics have today submitted the second quality assurance report (KS2) on the CO2 capture and storage project
Norcem will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the cement plant in Brevik while Fortum Oslo Varme will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the waste incineration plant at Klemetsrud
Equinor Shell and Total will store the CO2 under the seabed
According to the report total investments for the project are expected to be between NOK 129 and 171 billion in 2021 depending on whether it is decided to invest in one or two capture facilities
The associated operating costs for ten years of operation will be between NOK 57 and 80 billion
The measure is considered costly with an expected cost of NOK 25 billion [~$26 bn] in 2021 for a total of 10 years of investment and operation of two capture facilities transport with three vessels and storage with two wells including any decommissioning costs The state should take 80 percent of the bill
ldquoThe demonstration project can be socially economically viable given an ambitious climate policy that produces CO2 prices that are about ten times higher than todays quota prices There is considerable uncertainty on the utility side and the measure can therefore also prove to be considerably unprofitable Third-party financing is needed to secure subsequent facilities rdquothe report states
ldquoIt may be best to realize one capture project instead of two because it provides greater inventory volume available for other capture projects and because it reduces the cost without necessarily reducing the learning effects Norcems capture facility appears to be preferable to FOVs primarily due to lower life-cycle costs it further states
Energy Minister Tina Bru (H) has not concluded what she wants to do with the assessments in the report
httpswwwoedigitalcomnews479665-norway-s-carbon-capture-and-storage-project-estimated-to-cost-2-6b
Project costs being examined in Norway
httpsukccsrcacuk
open-access-carbon-
capture-and-storage-
at-karsto-norway
FEED report + gt200
supporting documents
available via
UKCCSRC web site
PLANT AERIAL
VIEW AND
LOCATION
TIE-IN TO EXISTING STACK
TECHNICAL amp COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
Innovation is driven by knowledge exchange - feedback and feedforwardEnergy Research Partnership reported in 2006 in httpwwwepsrcacuknewseventspubssecond-uk-energy-research-summit(and subsequently reproduced in various forms including wwwukercacuksupporttiki-download_filephpfileId=3619 )
From RK Lester Regionalizing Energy Technology Demonstrations MIT Carbon Sequestration Forum 16 Cambridge MA November 12-13 2014
From RK Lester Regionalizing Energy Technology Demonstrations MIT Carbon Sequestration Forum 16 Cambridge MA November 12-13 2014
Mobile phones reached TRL 9 in the early 1980s but innovation did not stop
bull The lsquoclock ratersquo for evolution in mobile phones is much faster than that for the different CCS technologies
bull But even with a lsquothrow awayrsquo commodity like mobile phones updates in service via software and add-ons is also important
bull Fundamental research on a very wide range of component technologies has been essential for making progress
bull Very few major changes in approach (ie really just one ndash the smartphone) have been required to achieve a lot of improvements and even then the new models had many common elements with previous examples
bull Very good communication between developers since products are available on the open market for detailed inspection
httpsslideplayercomslide5274949 Shona Simms lsquoHow have mobile phones changed over timersquo
2014 SaskPower Saskatchewan Canada Old power plant being rebuilt with a state-of-the-art turbine and a fully-integrated carbon capture system capable of cutting CO2 emissions by up to 90 or approximately one million tonnes a year httpwwwsaskpowercom
Boundary Dam ndash first operational plant in the world
SaskPower Boundary Dam Unit 3 CO2 capture project
bull EOR opportunities in Saskatchewan
bull Officially opened October 2014
bull Cansolv (Shell subsidiary) post-combustion capture
bull Hitachi Canada boiler modified steam turbine air quality control system
bull Final approval in April 2011
bull First CCS power project in the world
bull $14-billion project
bull Refurbish sub-critical unit
bull Capturing ~ 1Mt CO2 yr
httpieaghgorgpublicationstechnical-reports2015-technical-reports603-2015-06
AmineYou have likely heard amine and the cost to maintain it mentioned in the news But what is it and what part does it play in capturing carbon dioxide Like the oil in our cars every time you use it a small portion degrades and become less effective Thats why we get periodic oil changes In the CCS process we use amine to strip carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide from coal emissions Once we use it we send it through a filtration system and it goes back for another round of capture Every time some of it degrades This wasnt an unknown piece of maintenance but the speed at which it happens is faster than expected That means more costs for cleaning and to add new amine more frequently than planned
Forecasted Budget Actual SpendJan-Dec 2015 $5 million $173 millionJan-Dec 2016 $12 million $146 million
This is part of more than $490 million SaskPower spends to maintain its $10 billion of assets annually As you can see we spent more than planned on amine maintenance We also learned and we increased our forecast for 2016-17 We found ways to address the issue by half and thats largely how we went from capturing 400000 tonnes of carbon dioxide in year one to 800000 in year two of operation That doesnt mean the issue is solved Were forecasting approximately $15 million for amine maintenance in 2017 and our engineers are hard at work to keep improving how this complex chemical process performs
From Google archive 3062019 of httpswwwsaskpowercomabout-usOur-CompanyBlog201803a-word-from-the-
president-on-smart-meters-and-carbon-capture-and-storage since original apparently no longer available
Amine management issues noted in 2016 but very limited details published
httpswwwsaskpowercomOur-Power-FutureInfrastructure-ProjectsCarbon-Capture-and-StorageBoundary-Dam-Carbon-Capture-Project
Petra Nova is a joint venture between NRG Energy and JX Nippon Oil amp Gas Exploration that became operational in early January 2017
The largest post-combustion CCS project installed on an existing coal-fired power plant in the world The project is designed to capture approximately 90 percent or 16 million tons annually of the CO2 from NRG Energys WA Parish 240 MW generating station in Texas
httpwwwourworldofenergycomvignettesphptype=coal-powerampid=11
Flue Duct
Quencher
AbsorberRegenerator
Cogeneration(steam amp power)
Compressor
CO2 Pipeline
Petra NovaCarbon Capture
Site
https2w4set5pkcc374jjw3jbdf15-wpenginenetdna-sslcomwp-contentuploads2017105-Armpriester-Petra-Novapdf
Carbon Capture System Site Layout
Wet flue gas cooling rather than dry cooling as at BD3 also has a conventional wet FGD upstream that will not be affected by fly ash
Pilot testing using real flue gas essential for coal oil and biomass
MHI Pilot Testing Experienceverified by their experience with 10 tpd and 500 tpd pilot test units and subsequently the full scale Petra Nova plant
ldquohelliphellip before offering commercial CO2 capture plants for coal fired flue gas application it is necessary to verify the influence of and develop countermeasures for related impurities contained in coal fired flue gas This includes the influence on both the absorbent and the entire system of the CO2 capture plant to achieve high operational reliability and minimize maintenance requirementsrdquo
ldquoPreventing the accumulation of impurities especially the build-up of dust is very important when treating coal fired flue gas and MHI has undertaken significant work to understand the impact of impurities in order to achieve reliable and stable operating conditions and to efficiently optimize integration between the CO2 capture plant the coal fired power plant and the flue gas clean-up equipmentrdquo
Takahiko Endo Yoshinori Kajiya Hiromitsu Nagayasu Masaki Iijima Tsuyoshi Ohishi Hiroshi Tanaka amp Ronald Mitchell Current Status of MHI CO2
Capture Plant technology Large Scale Demonstration Project and Road map to Commercialization for Coal Fired Flue Gas Application 10th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies 19th-23rd September 2010 RAI Amsterdam The Netherlands
Masaki Iijima Tatsuto Nagayasu Takashi Kamijyo Shinya Kishimoto Shinsuke Nakatani Large-scale Carbon Dioxide Capture Demonstration Project at a Coal-fired Power Plant in the USA Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Technical Review Vol 49 No 1 (March 2012) httpwwwmhicojptechnologyreviewpdfe491e491037pdf
Run 2011-2015
OEM User Site name Size Approximate
dates
MHI EON NA 100 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
MHI Southern Plant Barry 500 tpd 2011-2015
Cansolv EON Heyden ~150 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
HTCDoosan SSE Ferrybridge 100 tpd 2011-2012
Cansolv RWE Aberthaw 50 tpd 2013
Fluor RWE Wilmhelmshaven 70 tpd 2012-2015
Mitsubishi Hitachi
(now also Cansolv)
SaskPower Shand 120 tpd 2015-2017
2018-
httpwwwcansolvcomrtecontentdocumentCO2Pilotplant2009pdfhttpswwwgovukgovernmentcase-studiescarbon-capture-project-case-studieshttpwwwrwecomwebcmsen2756rweinnovationpower-generationfossil-fired-power-plantsco2-removal-ukhttpwwwfluorcomprojectscarbon-capture-plant-design-buildhttpssequestrationmitedutoolsprojectsshandhtml
Summary of large pilot testing on coal power plants (to 2018)
Peter Moser Georg Wiechers Sandra Schmidt Juliana Garcia Moretz-SohnMonteiro Charithea Charalambous Susana Garcia Eva Sanchez FernandezResults of the 18-month test with MEA at the post-combustion capture pilot plant at Niederaussem ndash new impetus to solvent management emissions and dynamic behaviour International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Volume 95 2020 httpsdoiorg101016jijggc2019102945
First published extended pilot test results from RWE pilot plant ndash part of the ACT project ALIGN
But a much longer period of satisfactory operation with reclaiming (in this case ion exchange) would be required to derisk commercial deployment
httpswwwdraxcompress_releasenegative-emissions-pioneer-drax-and-leading-global-carbon-capture-
company-mitsubishi-heavy-industries-group-announce-new-beccs-pilot
24th June 2020
Drax Group and Mitsubishi Heavy
Industries Engineering Ltd part of
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Group
(MHI) have agreed a new bioenergy
with carbon capture and storage
(BECCS) pilot project at Drax Power
Station which will get underway this
autumn
The pilot will test MHIrsquos carbon capture
technology ndash marking another step on
Draxrsquos journey towards achieving its
world-leading ambition to be a carbon
negative company by 2030
MHIrsquos 12-month pilot will capture
around 300kg of CO2 a day for the
purpose of confirming its technologyrsquos
suitability for use with biomass flue
gases at Drax
Experience of coal pilot plant test duration
bull The Plant Barry pilot unit is an exception with respect to running hours (again because it is producing CO2 for a storage trial) with over 13000 hours by 2014
bull Test duration at the MHI 10 tpd Matsushima pilot unit was ~5000 hours of operation plus another 1000 hours to verify performance at high fly ash loadings1
bull The Fluor pilot unit at Wilhelmshaven was run for a total of ~7000 hours
bull The Shand unit was reported to have been contracted to Mitsubishi Hitachi for 8000 hours of testing
bull Other test programs (eg CCPilot100+ and Cansolv Aberthaw) were truncated prematurely due to changing commercial conditions
bull It is therefore expected to require 4000 - 6000 hours of operation in PCC pilot trials with a proposed solvent reclaimingmakeup approach and operational parameters to verify satisfactory solvent performance although a bad solvent (or solvent management approach) could be evident much earlier
bull RWE recently ran a non-commercial test for gt 1 year
bull But there is MUCH more data to be had from operating power plants ndash these will raise fundamental knowledge questions in areas that in pilot plants donrsquot even exist
A cautionary tale ndash fortunately not PCC
httpwwwpower-engcomarticles201410kemper-plant-costs-rise-an-additional-496m-due-to-startup-delays-brings-total-cost-to-6-1bhtmlcmpid=enl-E280A614
httpwwwmississippipowercomabout-energyplantskemper-county-energy-facilityfacts
Plant 582-megawatt electric power plantTechnology TRIGtrade Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)Location Kemper County Miss about 20 miles north of Meridian MissFuel Mississippi lignite approximately 47 million tons used per year
4 billion mineable tons available in Mississippi aloneCO2 capture At least 65 percent
ldquoThree factors that doomed Kemperrdquo 30 June 2017httpsspectrumieeeorgenergywiseenergyfossil-fuelsthe-three-factors-that-doomed-kemper-county-igcc
bull Complex technology was one of three critical factors dogging the IGCC
bull Perhaps more critical to the plantrsquos fate were ldquounknown startup operation and technology risksrdquo
bull 20 years ago a case could be made for IGCC Then came fracking
bull Initially the project was estimated to cost $22 billion cancelled at $66 billion
[PCC for coal and natural gas plants]
Southerns coal-fired power plants Miller in
Alabama and Daniel in Mississippi will be
included in the plan as well as Plant Ratcliffe
Southern said it chose Kemper County for the
study because of geology that may be able to
store hundreds of millions of metric tons of
carbon underground Burleson said The
geologic formations known as salt domes are
considered to be great places to store carbon
because they can trap the gas and prevent it
from coming back out of the ground he said
But the sound of it brings back bad memories
for Louie Miller director of the Sierra Clubs
Mississippi chapter which fervently opposed
the project for years
helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip
After Southern stopped all work on the
carbon-capture portion of Kemper which had
ballooned into a $75 billion project by June
2017 the company eventually wrote off the
proprietary technology planned at the site
known as transport integrated gasification
(TRIG) technology That ended hopes of
marketing and selling it to other utilities in the
US and elsewhere
httpswwweenewsnetstories1063448493
THURSDAY JUNE 25 2020 - 126 PMAtkins and Oslo Economics have today submitted the second quality assurance report (KS2) on the CO2 capture and storage project
Norcem will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the cement plant in Brevik while Fortum Oslo Varme will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the waste incineration plant at Klemetsrud
Equinor Shell and Total will store the CO2 under the seabed
According to the report total investments for the project are expected to be between NOK 129 and 171 billion in 2021 depending on whether it is decided to invest in one or two capture facilities
The associated operating costs for ten years of operation will be between NOK 57 and 80 billion
The measure is considered costly with an expected cost of NOK 25 billion [~$26 bn] in 2021 for a total of 10 years of investment and operation of two capture facilities transport with three vessels and storage with two wells including any decommissioning costs The state should take 80 percent of the bill
ldquoThe demonstration project can be socially economically viable given an ambitious climate policy that produces CO2 prices that are about ten times higher than todays quota prices There is considerable uncertainty on the utility side and the measure can therefore also prove to be considerably unprofitable Third-party financing is needed to secure subsequent facilities rdquothe report states
ldquoIt may be best to realize one capture project instead of two because it provides greater inventory volume available for other capture projects and because it reduces the cost without necessarily reducing the learning effects Norcems capture facility appears to be preferable to FOVs primarily due to lower life-cycle costs it further states
Energy Minister Tina Bru (H) has not concluded what she wants to do with the assessments in the report
httpswwwoedigitalcomnews479665-norway-s-carbon-capture-and-storage-project-estimated-to-cost-2-6b
Project costs being examined in Norway
httpsukccsrcacuk
open-access-carbon-
capture-and-storage-
at-karsto-norway
FEED report + gt200
supporting documents
available via
UKCCSRC web site
PLANT AERIAL
VIEW AND
LOCATION
TIE-IN TO EXISTING STACK
TECHNICAL amp COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
From RK Lester Regionalizing Energy Technology Demonstrations MIT Carbon Sequestration Forum 16 Cambridge MA November 12-13 2014
From RK Lester Regionalizing Energy Technology Demonstrations MIT Carbon Sequestration Forum 16 Cambridge MA November 12-13 2014
Mobile phones reached TRL 9 in the early 1980s but innovation did not stop
bull The lsquoclock ratersquo for evolution in mobile phones is much faster than that for the different CCS technologies
bull But even with a lsquothrow awayrsquo commodity like mobile phones updates in service via software and add-ons is also important
bull Fundamental research on a very wide range of component technologies has been essential for making progress
bull Very few major changes in approach (ie really just one ndash the smartphone) have been required to achieve a lot of improvements and even then the new models had many common elements with previous examples
bull Very good communication between developers since products are available on the open market for detailed inspection
httpsslideplayercomslide5274949 Shona Simms lsquoHow have mobile phones changed over timersquo
2014 SaskPower Saskatchewan Canada Old power plant being rebuilt with a state-of-the-art turbine and a fully-integrated carbon capture system capable of cutting CO2 emissions by up to 90 or approximately one million tonnes a year httpwwwsaskpowercom
Boundary Dam ndash first operational plant in the world
SaskPower Boundary Dam Unit 3 CO2 capture project
bull EOR opportunities in Saskatchewan
bull Officially opened October 2014
bull Cansolv (Shell subsidiary) post-combustion capture
bull Hitachi Canada boiler modified steam turbine air quality control system
bull Final approval in April 2011
bull First CCS power project in the world
bull $14-billion project
bull Refurbish sub-critical unit
bull Capturing ~ 1Mt CO2 yr
httpieaghgorgpublicationstechnical-reports2015-technical-reports603-2015-06
AmineYou have likely heard amine and the cost to maintain it mentioned in the news But what is it and what part does it play in capturing carbon dioxide Like the oil in our cars every time you use it a small portion degrades and become less effective Thats why we get periodic oil changes In the CCS process we use amine to strip carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide from coal emissions Once we use it we send it through a filtration system and it goes back for another round of capture Every time some of it degrades This wasnt an unknown piece of maintenance but the speed at which it happens is faster than expected That means more costs for cleaning and to add new amine more frequently than planned
Forecasted Budget Actual SpendJan-Dec 2015 $5 million $173 millionJan-Dec 2016 $12 million $146 million
This is part of more than $490 million SaskPower spends to maintain its $10 billion of assets annually As you can see we spent more than planned on amine maintenance We also learned and we increased our forecast for 2016-17 We found ways to address the issue by half and thats largely how we went from capturing 400000 tonnes of carbon dioxide in year one to 800000 in year two of operation That doesnt mean the issue is solved Were forecasting approximately $15 million for amine maintenance in 2017 and our engineers are hard at work to keep improving how this complex chemical process performs
From Google archive 3062019 of httpswwwsaskpowercomabout-usOur-CompanyBlog201803a-word-from-the-
president-on-smart-meters-and-carbon-capture-and-storage since original apparently no longer available
Amine management issues noted in 2016 but very limited details published
httpswwwsaskpowercomOur-Power-FutureInfrastructure-ProjectsCarbon-Capture-and-StorageBoundary-Dam-Carbon-Capture-Project
Petra Nova is a joint venture between NRG Energy and JX Nippon Oil amp Gas Exploration that became operational in early January 2017
The largest post-combustion CCS project installed on an existing coal-fired power plant in the world The project is designed to capture approximately 90 percent or 16 million tons annually of the CO2 from NRG Energys WA Parish 240 MW generating station in Texas
httpwwwourworldofenergycomvignettesphptype=coal-powerampid=11
Flue Duct
Quencher
AbsorberRegenerator
Cogeneration(steam amp power)
Compressor
CO2 Pipeline
Petra NovaCarbon Capture
Site
https2w4set5pkcc374jjw3jbdf15-wpenginenetdna-sslcomwp-contentuploads2017105-Armpriester-Petra-Novapdf
Carbon Capture System Site Layout
Wet flue gas cooling rather than dry cooling as at BD3 also has a conventional wet FGD upstream that will not be affected by fly ash
Pilot testing using real flue gas essential for coal oil and biomass
MHI Pilot Testing Experienceverified by their experience with 10 tpd and 500 tpd pilot test units and subsequently the full scale Petra Nova plant
ldquohelliphellip before offering commercial CO2 capture plants for coal fired flue gas application it is necessary to verify the influence of and develop countermeasures for related impurities contained in coal fired flue gas This includes the influence on both the absorbent and the entire system of the CO2 capture plant to achieve high operational reliability and minimize maintenance requirementsrdquo
ldquoPreventing the accumulation of impurities especially the build-up of dust is very important when treating coal fired flue gas and MHI has undertaken significant work to understand the impact of impurities in order to achieve reliable and stable operating conditions and to efficiently optimize integration between the CO2 capture plant the coal fired power plant and the flue gas clean-up equipmentrdquo
Takahiko Endo Yoshinori Kajiya Hiromitsu Nagayasu Masaki Iijima Tsuyoshi Ohishi Hiroshi Tanaka amp Ronald Mitchell Current Status of MHI CO2
Capture Plant technology Large Scale Demonstration Project and Road map to Commercialization for Coal Fired Flue Gas Application 10th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies 19th-23rd September 2010 RAI Amsterdam The Netherlands
Masaki Iijima Tatsuto Nagayasu Takashi Kamijyo Shinya Kishimoto Shinsuke Nakatani Large-scale Carbon Dioxide Capture Demonstration Project at a Coal-fired Power Plant in the USA Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Technical Review Vol 49 No 1 (March 2012) httpwwwmhicojptechnologyreviewpdfe491e491037pdf
Run 2011-2015
OEM User Site name Size Approximate
dates
MHI EON NA 100 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
MHI Southern Plant Barry 500 tpd 2011-2015
Cansolv EON Heyden ~150 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
HTCDoosan SSE Ferrybridge 100 tpd 2011-2012
Cansolv RWE Aberthaw 50 tpd 2013
Fluor RWE Wilmhelmshaven 70 tpd 2012-2015
Mitsubishi Hitachi
(now also Cansolv)
SaskPower Shand 120 tpd 2015-2017
2018-
httpwwwcansolvcomrtecontentdocumentCO2Pilotplant2009pdfhttpswwwgovukgovernmentcase-studiescarbon-capture-project-case-studieshttpwwwrwecomwebcmsen2756rweinnovationpower-generationfossil-fired-power-plantsco2-removal-ukhttpwwwfluorcomprojectscarbon-capture-plant-design-buildhttpssequestrationmitedutoolsprojectsshandhtml
Summary of large pilot testing on coal power plants (to 2018)
Peter Moser Georg Wiechers Sandra Schmidt Juliana Garcia Moretz-SohnMonteiro Charithea Charalambous Susana Garcia Eva Sanchez FernandezResults of the 18-month test with MEA at the post-combustion capture pilot plant at Niederaussem ndash new impetus to solvent management emissions and dynamic behaviour International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Volume 95 2020 httpsdoiorg101016jijggc2019102945
First published extended pilot test results from RWE pilot plant ndash part of the ACT project ALIGN
But a much longer period of satisfactory operation with reclaiming (in this case ion exchange) would be required to derisk commercial deployment
httpswwwdraxcompress_releasenegative-emissions-pioneer-drax-and-leading-global-carbon-capture-
company-mitsubishi-heavy-industries-group-announce-new-beccs-pilot
24th June 2020
Drax Group and Mitsubishi Heavy
Industries Engineering Ltd part of
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Group
(MHI) have agreed a new bioenergy
with carbon capture and storage
(BECCS) pilot project at Drax Power
Station which will get underway this
autumn
The pilot will test MHIrsquos carbon capture
technology ndash marking another step on
Draxrsquos journey towards achieving its
world-leading ambition to be a carbon
negative company by 2030
MHIrsquos 12-month pilot will capture
around 300kg of CO2 a day for the
purpose of confirming its technologyrsquos
suitability for use with biomass flue
gases at Drax
Experience of coal pilot plant test duration
bull The Plant Barry pilot unit is an exception with respect to running hours (again because it is producing CO2 for a storage trial) with over 13000 hours by 2014
bull Test duration at the MHI 10 tpd Matsushima pilot unit was ~5000 hours of operation plus another 1000 hours to verify performance at high fly ash loadings1
bull The Fluor pilot unit at Wilhelmshaven was run for a total of ~7000 hours
bull The Shand unit was reported to have been contracted to Mitsubishi Hitachi for 8000 hours of testing
bull Other test programs (eg CCPilot100+ and Cansolv Aberthaw) were truncated prematurely due to changing commercial conditions
bull It is therefore expected to require 4000 - 6000 hours of operation in PCC pilot trials with a proposed solvent reclaimingmakeup approach and operational parameters to verify satisfactory solvent performance although a bad solvent (or solvent management approach) could be evident much earlier
bull RWE recently ran a non-commercial test for gt 1 year
bull But there is MUCH more data to be had from operating power plants ndash these will raise fundamental knowledge questions in areas that in pilot plants donrsquot even exist
A cautionary tale ndash fortunately not PCC
httpwwwpower-engcomarticles201410kemper-plant-costs-rise-an-additional-496m-due-to-startup-delays-brings-total-cost-to-6-1bhtmlcmpid=enl-E280A614
httpwwwmississippipowercomabout-energyplantskemper-county-energy-facilityfacts
Plant 582-megawatt electric power plantTechnology TRIGtrade Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)Location Kemper County Miss about 20 miles north of Meridian MissFuel Mississippi lignite approximately 47 million tons used per year
4 billion mineable tons available in Mississippi aloneCO2 capture At least 65 percent
ldquoThree factors that doomed Kemperrdquo 30 June 2017httpsspectrumieeeorgenergywiseenergyfossil-fuelsthe-three-factors-that-doomed-kemper-county-igcc
bull Complex technology was one of three critical factors dogging the IGCC
bull Perhaps more critical to the plantrsquos fate were ldquounknown startup operation and technology risksrdquo
bull 20 years ago a case could be made for IGCC Then came fracking
bull Initially the project was estimated to cost $22 billion cancelled at $66 billion
[PCC for coal and natural gas plants]
Southerns coal-fired power plants Miller in
Alabama and Daniel in Mississippi will be
included in the plan as well as Plant Ratcliffe
Southern said it chose Kemper County for the
study because of geology that may be able to
store hundreds of millions of metric tons of
carbon underground Burleson said The
geologic formations known as salt domes are
considered to be great places to store carbon
because they can trap the gas and prevent it
from coming back out of the ground he said
But the sound of it brings back bad memories
for Louie Miller director of the Sierra Clubs
Mississippi chapter which fervently opposed
the project for years
helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip
After Southern stopped all work on the
carbon-capture portion of Kemper which had
ballooned into a $75 billion project by June
2017 the company eventually wrote off the
proprietary technology planned at the site
known as transport integrated gasification
(TRIG) technology That ended hopes of
marketing and selling it to other utilities in the
US and elsewhere
httpswwweenewsnetstories1063448493
THURSDAY JUNE 25 2020 - 126 PMAtkins and Oslo Economics have today submitted the second quality assurance report (KS2) on the CO2 capture and storage project
Norcem will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the cement plant in Brevik while Fortum Oslo Varme will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the waste incineration plant at Klemetsrud
Equinor Shell and Total will store the CO2 under the seabed
According to the report total investments for the project are expected to be between NOK 129 and 171 billion in 2021 depending on whether it is decided to invest in one or two capture facilities
The associated operating costs for ten years of operation will be between NOK 57 and 80 billion
The measure is considered costly with an expected cost of NOK 25 billion [~$26 bn] in 2021 for a total of 10 years of investment and operation of two capture facilities transport with three vessels and storage with two wells including any decommissioning costs The state should take 80 percent of the bill
ldquoThe demonstration project can be socially economically viable given an ambitious climate policy that produces CO2 prices that are about ten times higher than todays quota prices There is considerable uncertainty on the utility side and the measure can therefore also prove to be considerably unprofitable Third-party financing is needed to secure subsequent facilities rdquothe report states
ldquoIt may be best to realize one capture project instead of two because it provides greater inventory volume available for other capture projects and because it reduces the cost without necessarily reducing the learning effects Norcems capture facility appears to be preferable to FOVs primarily due to lower life-cycle costs it further states
Energy Minister Tina Bru (H) has not concluded what she wants to do with the assessments in the report
httpswwwoedigitalcomnews479665-norway-s-carbon-capture-and-storage-project-estimated-to-cost-2-6b
Project costs being examined in Norway
httpsukccsrcacuk
open-access-carbon-
capture-and-storage-
at-karsto-norway
FEED report + gt200
supporting documents
available via
UKCCSRC web site
PLANT AERIAL
VIEW AND
LOCATION
TIE-IN TO EXISTING STACK
TECHNICAL amp COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
From RK Lester Regionalizing Energy Technology Demonstrations MIT Carbon Sequestration Forum 16 Cambridge MA November 12-13 2014
Mobile phones reached TRL 9 in the early 1980s but innovation did not stop
bull The lsquoclock ratersquo for evolution in mobile phones is much faster than that for the different CCS technologies
bull But even with a lsquothrow awayrsquo commodity like mobile phones updates in service via software and add-ons is also important
bull Fundamental research on a very wide range of component technologies has been essential for making progress
bull Very few major changes in approach (ie really just one ndash the smartphone) have been required to achieve a lot of improvements and even then the new models had many common elements with previous examples
bull Very good communication between developers since products are available on the open market for detailed inspection
httpsslideplayercomslide5274949 Shona Simms lsquoHow have mobile phones changed over timersquo
2014 SaskPower Saskatchewan Canada Old power plant being rebuilt with a state-of-the-art turbine and a fully-integrated carbon capture system capable of cutting CO2 emissions by up to 90 or approximately one million tonnes a year httpwwwsaskpowercom
Boundary Dam ndash first operational plant in the world
SaskPower Boundary Dam Unit 3 CO2 capture project
bull EOR opportunities in Saskatchewan
bull Officially opened October 2014
bull Cansolv (Shell subsidiary) post-combustion capture
bull Hitachi Canada boiler modified steam turbine air quality control system
bull Final approval in April 2011
bull First CCS power project in the world
bull $14-billion project
bull Refurbish sub-critical unit
bull Capturing ~ 1Mt CO2 yr
httpieaghgorgpublicationstechnical-reports2015-technical-reports603-2015-06
AmineYou have likely heard amine and the cost to maintain it mentioned in the news But what is it and what part does it play in capturing carbon dioxide Like the oil in our cars every time you use it a small portion degrades and become less effective Thats why we get periodic oil changes In the CCS process we use amine to strip carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide from coal emissions Once we use it we send it through a filtration system and it goes back for another round of capture Every time some of it degrades This wasnt an unknown piece of maintenance but the speed at which it happens is faster than expected That means more costs for cleaning and to add new amine more frequently than planned
Forecasted Budget Actual SpendJan-Dec 2015 $5 million $173 millionJan-Dec 2016 $12 million $146 million
This is part of more than $490 million SaskPower spends to maintain its $10 billion of assets annually As you can see we spent more than planned on amine maintenance We also learned and we increased our forecast for 2016-17 We found ways to address the issue by half and thats largely how we went from capturing 400000 tonnes of carbon dioxide in year one to 800000 in year two of operation That doesnt mean the issue is solved Were forecasting approximately $15 million for amine maintenance in 2017 and our engineers are hard at work to keep improving how this complex chemical process performs
From Google archive 3062019 of httpswwwsaskpowercomabout-usOur-CompanyBlog201803a-word-from-the-
president-on-smart-meters-and-carbon-capture-and-storage since original apparently no longer available
Amine management issues noted in 2016 but very limited details published
httpswwwsaskpowercomOur-Power-FutureInfrastructure-ProjectsCarbon-Capture-and-StorageBoundary-Dam-Carbon-Capture-Project
Petra Nova is a joint venture between NRG Energy and JX Nippon Oil amp Gas Exploration that became operational in early January 2017
The largest post-combustion CCS project installed on an existing coal-fired power plant in the world The project is designed to capture approximately 90 percent or 16 million tons annually of the CO2 from NRG Energys WA Parish 240 MW generating station in Texas
httpwwwourworldofenergycomvignettesphptype=coal-powerampid=11
Flue Duct
Quencher
AbsorberRegenerator
Cogeneration(steam amp power)
Compressor
CO2 Pipeline
Petra NovaCarbon Capture
Site
https2w4set5pkcc374jjw3jbdf15-wpenginenetdna-sslcomwp-contentuploads2017105-Armpriester-Petra-Novapdf
Carbon Capture System Site Layout
Wet flue gas cooling rather than dry cooling as at BD3 also has a conventional wet FGD upstream that will not be affected by fly ash
Pilot testing using real flue gas essential for coal oil and biomass
MHI Pilot Testing Experienceverified by their experience with 10 tpd and 500 tpd pilot test units and subsequently the full scale Petra Nova plant
ldquohelliphellip before offering commercial CO2 capture plants for coal fired flue gas application it is necessary to verify the influence of and develop countermeasures for related impurities contained in coal fired flue gas This includes the influence on both the absorbent and the entire system of the CO2 capture plant to achieve high operational reliability and minimize maintenance requirementsrdquo
ldquoPreventing the accumulation of impurities especially the build-up of dust is very important when treating coal fired flue gas and MHI has undertaken significant work to understand the impact of impurities in order to achieve reliable and stable operating conditions and to efficiently optimize integration between the CO2 capture plant the coal fired power plant and the flue gas clean-up equipmentrdquo
Takahiko Endo Yoshinori Kajiya Hiromitsu Nagayasu Masaki Iijima Tsuyoshi Ohishi Hiroshi Tanaka amp Ronald Mitchell Current Status of MHI CO2
Capture Plant technology Large Scale Demonstration Project and Road map to Commercialization for Coal Fired Flue Gas Application 10th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies 19th-23rd September 2010 RAI Amsterdam The Netherlands
Masaki Iijima Tatsuto Nagayasu Takashi Kamijyo Shinya Kishimoto Shinsuke Nakatani Large-scale Carbon Dioxide Capture Demonstration Project at a Coal-fired Power Plant in the USA Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Technical Review Vol 49 No 1 (March 2012) httpwwwmhicojptechnologyreviewpdfe491e491037pdf
Run 2011-2015
OEM User Site name Size Approximate
dates
MHI EON NA 100 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
MHI Southern Plant Barry 500 tpd 2011-2015
Cansolv EON Heyden ~150 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
HTCDoosan SSE Ferrybridge 100 tpd 2011-2012
Cansolv RWE Aberthaw 50 tpd 2013
Fluor RWE Wilmhelmshaven 70 tpd 2012-2015
Mitsubishi Hitachi
(now also Cansolv)
SaskPower Shand 120 tpd 2015-2017
2018-
httpwwwcansolvcomrtecontentdocumentCO2Pilotplant2009pdfhttpswwwgovukgovernmentcase-studiescarbon-capture-project-case-studieshttpwwwrwecomwebcmsen2756rweinnovationpower-generationfossil-fired-power-plantsco2-removal-ukhttpwwwfluorcomprojectscarbon-capture-plant-design-buildhttpssequestrationmitedutoolsprojectsshandhtml
Summary of large pilot testing on coal power plants (to 2018)
Peter Moser Georg Wiechers Sandra Schmidt Juliana Garcia Moretz-SohnMonteiro Charithea Charalambous Susana Garcia Eva Sanchez FernandezResults of the 18-month test with MEA at the post-combustion capture pilot plant at Niederaussem ndash new impetus to solvent management emissions and dynamic behaviour International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Volume 95 2020 httpsdoiorg101016jijggc2019102945
First published extended pilot test results from RWE pilot plant ndash part of the ACT project ALIGN
But a much longer period of satisfactory operation with reclaiming (in this case ion exchange) would be required to derisk commercial deployment
httpswwwdraxcompress_releasenegative-emissions-pioneer-drax-and-leading-global-carbon-capture-
company-mitsubishi-heavy-industries-group-announce-new-beccs-pilot
24th June 2020
Drax Group and Mitsubishi Heavy
Industries Engineering Ltd part of
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Group
(MHI) have agreed a new bioenergy
with carbon capture and storage
(BECCS) pilot project at Drax Power
Station which will get underway this
autumn
The pilot will test MHIrsquos carbon capture
technology ndash marking another step on
Draxrsquos journey towards achieving its
world-leading ambition to be a carbon
negative company by 2030
MHIrsquos 12-month pilot will capture
around 300kg of CO2 a day for the
purpose of confirming its technologyrsquos
suitability for use with biomass flue
gases at Drax
Experience of coal pilot plant test duration
bull The Plant Barry pilot unit is an exception with respect to running hours (again because it is producing CO2 for a storage trial) with over 13000 hours by 2014
bull Test duration at the MHI 10 tpd Matsushima pilot unit was ~5000 hours of operation plus another 1000 hours to verify performance at high fly ash loadings1
bull The Fluor pilot unit at Wilhelmshaven was run for a total of ~7000 hours
bull The Shand unit was reported to have been contracted to Mitsubishi Hitachi for 8000 hours of testing
bull Other test programs (eg CCPilot100+ and Cansolv Aberthaw) were truncated prematurely due to changing commercial conditions
bull It is therefore expected to require 4000 - 6000 hours of operation in PCC pilot trials with a proposed solvent reclaimingmakeup approach and operational parameters to verify satisfactory solvent performance although a bad solvent (or solvent management approach) could be evident much earlier
bull RWE recently ran a non-commercial test for gt 1 year
bull But there is MUCH more data to be had from operating power plants ndash these will raise fundamental knowledge questions in areas that in pilot plants donrsquot even exist
A cautionary tale ndash fortunately not PCC
httpwwwpower-engcomarticles201410kemper-plant-costs-rise-an-additional-496m-due-to-startup-delays-brings-total-cost-to-6-1bhtmlcmpid=enl-E280A614
httpwwwmississippipowercomabout-energyplantskemper-county-energy-facilityfacts
Plant 582-megawatt electric power plantTechnology TRIGtrade Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)Location Kemper County Miss about 20 miles north of Meridian MissFuel Mississippi lignite approximately 47 million tons used per year
4 billion mineable tons available in Mississippi aloneCO2 capture At least 65 percent
ldquoThree factors that doomed Kemperrdquo 30 June 2017httpsspectrumieeeorgenergywiseenergyfossil-fuelsthe-three-factors-that-doomed-kemper-county-igcc
bull Complex technology was one of three critical factors dogging the IGCC
bull Perhaps more critical to the plantrsquos fate were ldquounknown startup operation and technology risksrdquo
bull 20 years ago a case could be made for IGCC Then came fracking
bull Initially the project was estimated to cost $22 billion cancelled at $66 billion
[PCC for coal and natural gas plants]
Southerns coal-fired power plants Miller in
Alabama and Daniel in Mississippi will be
included in the plan as well as Plant Ratcliffe
Southern said it chose Kemper County for the
study because of geology that may be able to
store hundreds of millions of metric tons of
carbon underground Burleson said The
geologic formations known as salt domes are
considered to be great places to store carbon
because they can trap the gas and prevent it
from coming back out of the ground he said
But the sound of it brings back bad memories
for Louie Miller director of the Sierra Clubs
Mississippi chapter which fervently opposed
the project for years
helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip
After Southern stopped all work on the
carbon-capture portion of Kemper which had
ballooned into a $75 billion project by June
2017 the company eventually wrote off the
proprietary technology planned at the site
known as transport integrated gasification
(TRIG) technology That ended hopes of
marketing and selling it to other utilities in the
US and elsewhere
httpswwweenewsnetstories1063448493
THURSDAY JUNE 25 2020 - 126 PMAtkins and Oslo Economics have today submitted the second quality assurance report (KS2) on the CO2 capture and storage project
Norcem will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the cement plant in Brevik while Fortum Oslo Varme will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the waste incineration plant at Klemetsrud
Equinor Shell and Total will store the CO2 under the seabed
According to the report total investments for the project are expected to be between NOK 129 and 171 billion in 2021 depending on whether it is decided to invest in one or two capture facilities
The associated operating costs for ten years of operation will be between NOK 57 and 80 billion
The measure is considered costly with an expected cost of NOK 25 billion [~$26 bn] in 2021 for a total of 10 years of investment and operation of two capture facilities transport with three vessels and storage with two wells including any decommissioning costs The state should take 80 percent of the bill
ldquoThe demonstration project can be socially economically viable given an ambitious climate policy that produces CO2 prices that are about ten times higher than todays quota prices There is considerable uncertainty on the utility side and the measure can therefore also prove to be considerably unprofitable Third-party financing is needed to secure subsequent facilities rdquothe report states
ldquoIt may be best to realize one capture project instead of two because it provides greater inventory volume available for other capture projects and because it reduces the cost without necessarily reducing the learning effects Norcems capture facility appears to be preferable to FOVs primarily due to lower life-cycle costs it further states
Energy Minister Tina Bru (H) has not concluded what she wants to do with the assessments in the report
httpswwwoedigitalcomnews479665-norway-s-carbon-capture-and-storage-project-estimated-to-cost-2-6b
Project costs being examined in Norway
httpsukccsrcacuk
open-access-carbon-
capture-and-storage-
at-karsto-norway
FEED report + gt200
supporting documents
available via
UKCCSRC web site
PLANT AERIAL
VIEW AND
LOCATION
TIE-IN TO EXISTING STACK
TECHNICAL amp COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
Mobile phones reached TRL 9 in the early 1980s but innovation did not stop
bull The lsquoclock ratersquo for evolution in mobile phones is much faster than that for the different CCS technologies
bull But even with a lsquothrow awayrsquo commodity like mobile phones updates in service via software and add-ons is also important
bull Fundamental research on a very wide range of component technologies has been essential for making progress
bull Very few major changes in approach (ie really just one ndash the smartphone) have been required to achieve a lot of improvements and even then the new models had many common elements with previous examples
bull Very good communication between developers since products are available on the open market for detailed inspection
httpsslideplayercomslide5274949 Shona Simms lsquoHow have mobile phones changed over timersquo
2014 SaskPower Saskatchewan Canada Old power plant being rebuilt with a state-of-the-art turbine and a fully-integrated carbon capture system capable of cutting CO2 emissions by up to 90 or approximately one million tonnes a year httpwwwsaskpowercom
Boundary Dam ndash first operational plant in the world
SaskPower Boundary Dam Unit 3 CO2 capture project
bull EOR opportunities in Saskatchewan
bull Officially opened October 2014
bull Cansolv (Shell subsidiary) post-combustion capture
bull Hitachi Canada boiler modified steam turbine air quality control system
bull Final approval in April 2011
bull First CCS power project in the world
bull $14-billion project
bull Refurbish sub-critical unit
bull Capturing ~ 1Mt CO2 yr
httpieaghgorgpublicationstechnical-reports2015-technical-reports603-2015-06
AmineYou have likely heard amine and the cost to maintain it mentioned in the news But what is it and what part does it play in capturing carbon dioxide Like the oil in our cars every time you use it a small portion degrades and become less effective Thats why we get periodic oil changes In the CCS process we use amine to strip carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide from coal emissions Once we use it we send it through a filtration system and it goes back for another round of capture Every time some of it degrades This wasnt an unknown piece of maintenance but the speed at which it happens is faster than expected That means more costs for cleaning and to add new amine more frequently than planned
Forecasted Budget Actual SpendJan-Dec 2015 $5 million $173 millionJan-Dec 2016 $12 million $146 million
This is part of more than $490 million SaskPower spends to maintain its $10 billion of assets annually As you can see we spent more than planned on amine maintenance We also learned and we increased our forecast for 2016-17 We found ways to address the issue by half and thats largely how we went from capturing 400000 tonnes of carbon dioxide in year one to 800000 in year two of operation That doesnt mean the issue is solved Were forecasting approximately $15 million for amine maintenance in 2017 and our engineers are hard at work to keep improving how this complex chemical process performs
From Google archive 3062019 of httpswwwsaskpowercomabout-usOur-CompanyBlog201803a-word-from-the-
president-on-smart-meters-and-carbon-capture-and-storage since original apparently no longer available
Amine management issues noted in 2016 but very limited details published
httpswwwsaskpowercomOur-Power-FutureInfrastructure-ProjectsCarbon-Capture-and-StorageBoundary-Dam-Carbon-Capture-Project
Petra Nova is a joint venture between NRG Energy and JX Nippon Oil amp Gas Exploration that became operational in early January 2017
The largest post-combustion CCS project installed on an existing coal-fired power plant in the world The project is designed to capture approximately 90 percent or 16 million tons annually of the CO2 from NRG Energys WA Parish 240 MW generating station in Texas
httpwwwourworldofenergycomvignettesphptype=coal-powerampid=11
Flue Duct
Quencher
AbsorberRegenerator
Cogeneration(steam amp power)
Compressor
CO2 Pipeline
Petra NovaCarbon Capture
Site
https2w4set5pkcc374jjw3jbdf15-wpenginenetdna-sslcomwp-contentuploads2017105-Armpriester-Petra-Novapdf
Carbon Capture System Site Layout
Wet flue gas cooling rather than dry cooling as at BD3 also has a conventional wet FGD upstream that will not be affected by fly ash
Pilot testing using real flue gas essential for coal oil and biomass
MHI Pilot Testing Experienceverified by their experience with 10 tpd and 500 tpd pilot test units and subsequently the full scale Petra Nova plant
ldquohelliphellip before offering commercial CO2 capture plants for coal fired flue gas application it is necessary to verify the influence of and develop countermeasures for related impurities contained in coal fired flue gas This includes the influence on both the absorbent and the entire system of the CO2 capture plant to achieve high operational reliability and minimize maintenance requirementsrdquo
ldquoPreventing the accumulation of impurities especially the build-up of dust is very important when treating coal fired flue gas and MHI has undertaken significant work to understand the impact of impurities in order to achieve reliable and stable operating conditions and to efficiently optimize integration between the CO2 capture plant the coal fired power plant and the flue gas clean-up equipmentrdquo
Takahiko Endo Yoshinori Kajiya Hiromitsu Nagayasu Masaki Iijima Tsuyoshi Ohishi Hiroshi Tanaka amp Ronald Mitchell Current Status of MHI CO2
Capture Plant technology Large Scale Demonstration Project and Road map to Commercialization for Coal Fired Flue Gas Application 10th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies 19th-23rd September 2010 RAI Amsterdam The Netherlands
Masaki Iijima Tatsuto Nagayasu Takashi Kamijyo Shinya Kishimoto Shinsuke Nakatani Large-scale Carbon Dioxide Capture Demonstration Project at a Coal-fired Power Plant in the USA Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Technical Review Vol 49 No 1 (March 2012) httpwwwmhicojptechnologyreviewpdfe491e491037pdf
Run 2011-2015
OEM User Site name Size Approximate
dates
MHI EON NA 100 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
MHI Southern Plant Barry 500 tpd 2011-2015
Cansolv EON Heyden ~150 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
HTCDoosan SSE Ferrybridge 100 tpd 2011-2012
Cansolv RWE Aberthaw 50 tpd 2013
Fluor RWE Wilmhelmshaven 70 tpd 2012-2015
Mitsubishi Hitachi
(now also Cansolv)
SaskPower Shand 120 tpd 2015-2017
2018-
httpwwwcansolvcomrtecontentdocumentCO2Pilotplant2009pdfhttpswwwgovukgovernmentcase-studiescarbon-capture-project-case-studieshttpwwwrwecomwebcmsen2756rweinnovationpower-generationfossil-fired-power-plantsco2-removal-ukhttpwwwfluorcomprojectscarbon-capture-plant-design-buildhttpssequestrationmitedutoolsprojectsshandhtml
Summary of large pilot testing on coal power plants (to 2018)
Peter Moser Georg Wiechers Sandra Schmidt Juliana Garcia Moretz-SohnMonteiro Charithea Charalambous Susana Garcia Eva Sanchez FernandezResults of the 18-month test with MEA at the post-combustion capture pilot plant at Niederaussem ndash new impetus to solvent management emissions and dynamic behaviour International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Volume 95 2020 httpsdoiorg101016jijggc2019102945
First published extended pilot test results from RWE pilot plant ndash part of the ACT project ALIGN
But a much longer period of satisfactory operation with reclaiming (in this case ion exchange) would be required to derisk commercial deployment
httpswwwdraxcompress_releasenegative-emissions-pioneer-drax-and-leading-global-carbon-capture-
company-mitsubishi-heavy-industries-group-announce-new-beccs-pilot
24th June 2020
Drax Group and Mitsubishi Heavy
Industries Engineering Ltd part of
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Group
(MHI) have agreed a new bioenergy
with carbon capture and storage
(BECCS) pilot project at Drax Power
Station which will get underway this
autumn
The pilot will test MHIrsquos carbon capture
technology ndash marking another step on
Draxrsquos journey towards achieving its
world-leading ambition to be a carbon
negative company by 2030
MHIrsquos 12-month pilot will capture
around 300kg of CO2 a day for the
purpose of confirming its technologyrsquos
suitability for use with biomass flue
gases at Drax
Experience of coal pilot plant test duration
bull The Plant Barry pilot unit is an exception with respect to running hours (again because it is producing CO2 for a storage trial) with over 13000 hours by 2014
bull Test duration at the MHI 10 tpd Matsushima pilot unit was ~5000 hours of operation plus another 1000 hours to verify performance at high fly ash loadings1
bull The Fluor pilot unit at Wilhelmshaven was run for a total of ~7000 hours
bull The Shand unit was reported to have been contracted to Mitsubishi Hitachi for 8000 hours of testing
bull Other test programs (eg CCPilot100+ and Cansolv Aberthaw) were truncated prematurely due to changing commercial conditions
bull It is therefore expected to require 4000 - 6000 hours of operation in PCC pilot trials with a proposed solvent reclaimingmakeup approach and operational parameters to verify satisfactory solvent performance although a bad solvent (or solvent management approach) could be evident much earlier
bull RWE recently ran a non-commercial test for gt 1 year
bull But there is MUCH more data to be had from operating power plants ndash these will raise fundamental knowledge questions in areas that in pilot plants donrsquot even exist
A cautionary tale ndash fortunately not PCC
httpwwwpower-engcomarticles201410kemper-plant-costs-rise-an-additional-496m-due-to-startup-delays-brings-total-cost-to-6-1bhtmlcmpid=enl-E280A614
httpwwwmississippipowercomabout-energyplantskemper-county-energy-facilityfacts
Plant 582-megawatt electric power plantTechnology TRIGtrade Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)Location Kemper County Miss about 20 miles north of Meridian MissFuel Mississippi lignite approximately 47 million tons used per year
4 billion mineable tons available in Mississippi aloneCO2 capture At least 65 percent
ldquoThree factors that doomed Kemperrdquo 30 June 2017httpsspectrumieeeorgenergywiseenergyfossil-fuelsthe-three-factors-that-doomed-kemper-county-igcc
bull Complex technology was one of three critical factors dogging the IGCC
bull Perhaps more critical to the plantrsquos fate were ldquounknown startup operation and technology risksrdquo
bull 20 years ago a case could be made for IGCC Then came fracking
bull Initially the project was estimated to cost $22 billion cancelled at $66 billion
[PCC for coal and natural gas plants]
Southerns coal-fired power plants Miller in
Alabama and Daniel in Mississippi will be
included in the plan as well as Plant Ratcliffe
Southern said it chose Kemper County for the
study because of geology that may be able to
store hundreds of millions of metric tons of
carbon underground Burleson said The
geologic formations known as salt domes are
considered to be great places to store carbon
because they can trap the gas and prevent it
from coming back out of the ground he said
But the sound of it brings back bad memories
for Louie Miller director of the Sierra Clubs
Mississippi chapter which fervently opposed
the project for years
helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip
After Southern stopped all work on the
carbon-capture portion of Kemper which had
ballooned into a $75 billion project by June
2017 the company eventually wrote off the
proprietary technology planned at the site
known as transport integrated gasification
(TRIG) technology That ended hopes of
marketing and selling it to other utilities in the
US and elsewhere
httpswwweenewsnetstories1063448493
THURSDAY JUNE 25 2020 - 126 PMAtkins and Oslo Economics have today submitted the second quality assurance report (KS2) on the CO2 capture and storage project
Norcem will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the cement plant in Brevik while Fortum Oslo Varme will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the waste incineration plant at Klemetsrud
Equinor Shell and Total will store the CO2 under the seabed
According to the report total investments for the project are expected to be between NOK 129 and 171 billion in 2021 depending on whether it is decided to invest in one or two capture facilities
The associated operating costs for ten years of operation will be between NOK 57 and 80 billion
The measure is considered costly with an expected cost of NOK 25 billion [~$26 bn] in 2021 for a total of 10 years of investment and operation of two capture facilities transport with three vessels and storage with two wells including any decommissioning costs The state should take 80 percent of the bill
ldquoThe demonstration project can be socially economically viable given an ambitious climate policy that produces CO2 prices that are about ten times higher than todays quota prices There is considerable uncertainty on the utility side and the measure can therefore also prove to be considerably unprofitable Third-party financing is needed to secure subsequent facilities rdquothe report states
ldquoIt may be best to realize one capture project instead of two because it provides greater inventory volume available for other capture projects and because it reduces the cost without necessarily reducing the learning effects Norcems capture facility appears to be preferable to FOVs primarily due to lower life-cycle costs it further states
Energy Minister Tina Bru (H) has not concluded what she wants to do with the assessments in the report
httpswwwoedigitalcomnews479665-norway-s-carbon-capture-and-storage-project-estimated-to-cost-2-6b
Project costs being examined in Norway
httpsukccsrcacuk
open-access-carbon-
capture-and-storage-
at-karsto-norway
FEED report + gt200
supporting documents
available via
UKCCSRC web site
PLANT AERIAL
VIEW AND
LOCATION
TIE-IN TO EXISTING STACK
TECHNICAL amp COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
2014 SaskPower Saskatchewan Canada Old power plant being rebuilt with a state-of-the-art turbine and a fully-integrated carbon capture system capable of cutting CO2 emissions by up to 90 or approximately one million tonnes a year httpwwwsaskpowercom
Boundary Dam ndash first operational plant in the world
SaskPower Boundary Dam Unit 3 CO2 capture project
bull EOR opportunities in Saskatchewan
bull Officially opened October 2014
bull Cansolv (Shell subsidiary) post-combustion capture
bull Hitachi Canada boiler modified steam turbine air quality control system
bull Final approval in April 2011
bull First CCS power project in the world
bull $14-billion project
bull Refurbish sub-critical unit
bull Capturing ~ 1Mt CO2 yr
httpieaghgorgpublicationstechnical-reports2015-technical-reports603-2015-06
AmineYou have likely heard amine and the cost to maintain it mentioned in the news But what is it and what part does it play in capturing carbon dioxide Like the oil in our cars every time you use it a small portion degrades and become less effective Thats why we get periodic oil changes In the CCS process we use amine to strip carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide from coal emissions Once we use it we send it through a filtration system and it goes back for another round of capture Every time some of it degrades This wasnt an unknown piece of maintenance but the speed at which it happens is faster than expected That means more costs for cleaning and to add new amine more frequently than planned
Forecasted Budget Actual SpendJan-Dec 2015 $5 million $173 millionJan-Dec 2016 $12 million $146 million
This is part of more than $490 million SaskPower spends to maintain its $10 billion of assets annually As you can see we spent more than planned on amine maintenance We also learned and we increased our forecast for 2016-17 We found ways to address the issue by half and thats largely how we went from capturing 400000 tonnes of carbon dioxide in year one to 800000 in year two of operation That doesnt mean the issue is solved Were forecasting approximately $15 million for amine maintenance in 2017 and our engineers are hard at work to keep improving how this complex chemical process performs
From Google archive 3062019 of httpswwwsaskpowercomabout-usOur-CompanyBlog201803a-word-from-the-
president-on-smart-meters-and-carbon-capture-and-storage since original apparently no longer available
Amine management issues noted in 2016 but very limited details published
httpswwwsaskpowercomOur-Power-FutureInfrastructure-ProjectsCarbon-Capture-and-StorageBoundary-Dam-Carbon-Capture-Project
Petra Nova is a joint venture between NRG Energy and JX Nippon Oil amp Gas Exploration that became operational in early January 2017
The largest post-combustion CCS project installed on an existing coal-fired power plant in the world The project is designed to capture approximately 90 percent or 16 million tons annually of the CO2 from NRG Energys WA Parish 240 MW generating station in Texas
httpwwwourworldofenergycomvignettesphptype=coal-powerampid=11
Flue Duct
Quencher
AbsorberRegenerator
Cogeneration(steam amp power)
Compressor
CO2 Pipeline
Petra NovaCarbon Capture
Site
https2w4set5pkcc374jjw3jbdf15-wpenginenetdna-sslcomwp-contentuploads2017105-Armpriester-Petra-Novapdf
Carbon Capture System Site Layout
Wet flue gas cooling rather than dry cooling as at BD3 also has a conventional wet FGD upstream that will not be affected by fly ash
Pilot testing using real flue gas essential for coal oil and biomass
MHI Pilot Testing Experienceverified by their experience with 10 tpd and 500 tpd pilot test units and subsequently the full scale Petra Nova plant
ldquohelliphellip before offering commercial CO2 capture plants for coal fired flue gas application it is necessary to verify the influence of and develop countermeasures for related impurities contained in coal fired flue gas This includes the influence on both the absorbent and the entire system of the CO2 capture plant to achieve high operational reliability and minimize maintenance requirementsrdquo
ldquoPreventing the accumulation of impurities especially the build-up of dust is very important when treating coal fired flue gas and MHI has undertaken significant work to understand the impact of impurities in order to achieve reliable and stable operating conditions and to efficiently optimize integration between the CO2 capture plant the coal fired power plant and the flue gas clean-up equipmentrdquo
Takahiko Endo Yoshinori Kajiya Hiromitsu Nagayasu Masaki Iijima Tsuyoshi Ohishi Hiroshi Tanaka amp Ronald Mitchell Current Status of MHI CO2
Capture Plant technology Large Scale Demonstration Project and Road map to Commercialization for Coal Fired Flue Gas Application 10th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies 19th-23rd September 2010 RAI Amsterdam The Netherlands
Masaki Iijima Tatsuto Nagayasu Takashi Kamijyo Shinya Kishimoto Shinsuke Nakatani Large-scale Carbon Dioxide Capture Demonstration Project at a Coal-fired Power Plant in the USA Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Technical Review Vol 49 No 1 (March 2012) httpwwwmhicojptechnologyreviewpdfe491e491037pdf
Run 2011-2015
OEM User Site name Size Approximate
dates
MHI EON NA 100 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
MHI Southern Plant Barry 500 tpd 2011-2015
Cansolv EON Heyden ~150 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
HTCDoosan SSE Ferrybridge 100 tpd 2011-2012
Cansolv RWE Aberthaw 50 tpd 2013
Fluor RWE Wilmhelmshaven 70 tpd 2012-2015
Mitsubishi Hitachi
(now also Cansolv)
SaskPower Shand 120 tpd 2015-2017
2018-
httpwwwcansolvcomrtecontentdocumentCO2Pilotplant2009pdfhttpswwwgovukgovernmentcase-studiescarbon-capture-project-case-studieshttpwwwrwecomwebcmsen2756rweinnovationpower-generationfossil-fired-power-plantsco2-removal-ukhttpwwwfluorcomprojectscarbon-capture-plant-design-buildhttpssequestrationmitedutoolsprojectsshandhtml
Summary of large pilot testing on coal power plants (to 2018)
Peter Moser Georg Wiechers Sandra Schmidt Juliana Garcia Moretz-SohnMonteiro Charithea Charalambous Susana Garcia Eva Sanchez FernandezResults of the 18-month test with MEA at the post-combustion capture pilot plant at Niederaussem ndash new impetus to solvent management emissions and dynamic behaviour International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Volume 95 2020 httpsdoiorg101016jijggc2019102945
First published extended pilot test results from RWE pilot plant ndash part of the ACT project ALIGN
But a much longer period of satisfactory operation with reclaiming (in this case ion exchange) would be required to derisk commercial deployment
httpswwwdraxcompress_releasenegative-emissions-pioneer-drax-and-leading-global-carbon-capture-
company-mitsubishi-heavy-industries-group-announce-new-beccs-pilot
24th June 2020
Drax Group and Mitsubishi Heavy
Industries Engineering Ltd part of
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Group
(MHI) have agreed a new bioenergy
with carbon capture and storage
(BECCS) pilot project at Drax Power
Station which will get underway this
autumn
The pilot will test MHIrsquos carbon capture
technology ndash marking another step on
Draxrsquos journey towards achieving its
world-leading ambition to be a carbon
negative company by 2030
MHIrsquos 12-month pilot will capture
around 300kg of CO2 a day for the
purpose of confirming its technologyrsquos
suitability for use with biomass flue
gases at Drax
Experience of coal pilot plant test duration
bull The Plant Barry pilot unit is an exception with respect to running hours (again because it is producing CO2 for a storage trial) with over 13000 hours by 2014
bull Test duration at the MHI 10 tpd Matsushima pilot unit was ~5000 hours of operation plus another 1000 hours to verify performance at high fly ash loadings1
bull The Fluor pilot unit at Wilhelmshaven was run for a total of ~7000 hours
bull The Shand unit was reported to have been contracted to Mitsubishi Hitachi for 8000 hours of testing
bull Other test programs (eg CCPilot100+ and Cansolv Aberthaw) were truncated prematurely due to changing commercial conditions
bull It is therefore expected to require 4000 - 6000 hours of operation in PCC pilot trials with a proposed solvent reclaimingmakeup approach and operational parameters to verify satisfactory solvent performance although a bad solvent (or solvent management approach) could be evident much earlier
bull RWE recently ran a non-commercial test for gt 1 year
bull But there is MUCH more data to be had from operating power plants ndash these will raise fundamental knowledge questions in areas that in pilot plants donrsquot even exist
A cautionary tale ndash fortunately not PCC
httpwwwpower-engcomarticles201410kemper-plant-costs-rise-an-additional-496m-due-to-startup-delays-brings-total-cost-to-6-1bhtmlcmpid=enl-E280A614
httpwwwmississippipowercomabout-energyplantskemper-county-energy-facilityfacts
Plant 582-megawatt electric power plantTechnology TRIGtrade Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)Location Kemper County Miss about 20 miles north of Meridian MissFuel Mississippi lignite approximately 47 million tons used per year
4 billion mineable tons available in Mississippi aloneCO2 capture At least 65 percent
ldquoThree factors that doomed Kemperrdquo 30 June 2017httpsspectrumieeeorgenergywiseenergyfossil-fuelsthe-three-factors-that-doomed-kemper-county-igcc
bull Complex technology was one of three critical factors dogging the IGCC
bull Perhaps more critical to the plantrsquos fate were ldquounknown startup operation and technology risksrdquo
bull 20 years ago a case could be made for IGCC Then came fracking
bull Initially the project was estimated to cost $22 billion cancelled at $66 billion
[PCC for coal and natural gas plants]
Southerns coal-fired power plants Miller in
Alabama and Daniel in Mississippi will be
included in the plan as well as Plant Ratcliffe
Southern said it chose Kemper County for the
study because of geology that may be able to
store hundreds of millions of metric tons of
carbon underground Burleson said The
geologic formations known as salt domes are
considered to be great places to store carbon
because they can trap the gas and prevent it
from coming back out of the ground he said
But the sound of it brings back bad memories
for Louie Miller director of the Sierra Clubs
Mississippi chapter which fervently opposed
the project for years
helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip
After Southern stopped all work on the
carbon-capture portion of Kemper which had
ballooned into a $75 billion project by June
2017 the company eventually wrote off the
proprietary technology planned at the site
known as transport integrated gasification
(TRIG) technology That ended hopes of
marketing and selling it to other utilities in the
US and elsewhere
httpswwweenewsnetstories1063448493
THURSDAY JUNE 25 2020 - 126 PMAtkins and Oslo Economics have today submitted the second quality assurance report (KS2) on the CO2 capture and storage project
Norcem will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the cement plant in Brevik while Fortum Oslo Varme will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the waste incineration plant at Klemetsrud
Equinor Shell and Total will store the CO2 under the seabed
According to the report total investments for the project are expected to be between NOK 129 and 171 billion in 2021 depending on whether it is decided to invest in one or two capture facilities
The associated operating costs for ten years of operation will be between NOK 57 and 80 billion
The measure is considered costly with an expected cost of NOK 25 billion [~$26 bn] in 2021 for a total of 10 years of investment and operation of two capture facilities transport with three vessels and storage with two wells including any decommissioning costs The state should take 80 percent of the bill
ldquoThe demonstration project can be socially economically viable given an ambitious climate policy that produces CO2 prices that are about ten times higher than todays quota prices There is considerable uncertainty on the utility side and the measure can therefore also prove to be considerably unprofitable Third-party financing is needed to secure subsequent facilities rdquothe report states
ldquoIt may be best to realize one capture project instead of two because it provides greater inventory volume available for other capture projects and because it reduces the cost without necessarily reducing the learning effects Norcems capture facility appears to be preferable to FOVs primarily due to lower life-cycle costs it further states
Energy Minister Tina Bru (H) has not concluded what she wants to do with the assessments in the report
httpswwwoedigitalcomnews479665-norway-s-carbon-capture-and-storage-project-estimated-to-cost-2-6b
Project costs being examined in Norway
httpsukccsrcacuk
open-access-carbon-
capture-and-storage-
at-karsto-norway
FEED report + gt200
supporting documents
available via
UKCCSRC web site
PLANT AERIAL
VIEW AND
LOCATION
TIE-IN TO EXISTING STACK
TECHNICAL amp COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
SaskPower Boundary Dam Unit 3 CO2 capture project
bull EOR opportunities in Saskatchewan
bull Officially opened October 2014
bull Cansolv (Shell subsidiary) post-combustion capture
bull Hitachi Canada boiler modified steam turbine air quality control system
bull Final approval in April 2011
bull First CCS power project in the world
bull $14-billion project
bull Refurbish sub-critical unit
bull Capturing ~ 1Mt CO2 yr
httpieaghgorgpublicationstechnical-reports2015-technical-reports603-2015-06
AmineYou have likely heard amine and the cost to maintain it mentioned in the news But what is it and what part does it play in capturing carbon dioxide Like the oil in our cars every time you use it a small portion degrades and become less effective Thats why we get periodic oil changes In the CCS process we use amine to strip carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide from coal emissions Once we use it we send it through a filtration system and it goes back for another round of capture Every time some of it degrades This wasnt an unknown piece of maintenance but the speed at which it happens is faster than expected That means more costs for cleaning and to add new amine more frequently than planned
Forecasted Budget Actual SpendJan-Dec 2015 $5 million $173 millionJan-Dec 2016 $12 million $146 million
This is part of more than $490 million SaskPower spends to maintain its $10 billion of assets annually As you can see we spent more than planned on amine maintenance We also learned and we increased our forecast for 2016-17 We found ways to address the issue by half and thats largely how we went from capturing 400000 tonnes of carbon dioxide in year one to 800000 in year two of operation That doesnt mean the issue is solved Were forecasting approximately $15 million for amine maintenance in 2017 and our engineers are hard at work to keep improving how this complex chemical process performs
From Google archive 3062019 of httpswwwsaskpowercomabout-usOur-CompanyBlog201803a-word-from-the-
president-on-smart-meters-and-carbon-capture-and-storage since original apparently no longer available
Amine management issues noted in 2016 but very limited details published
httpswwwsaskpowercomOur-Power-FutureInfrastructure-ProjectsCarbon-Capture-and-StorageBoundary-Dam-Carbon-Capture-Project
Petra Nova is a joint venture between NRG Energy and JX Nippon Oil amp Gas Exploration that became operational in early January 2017
The largest post-combustion CCS project installed on an existing coal-fired power plant in the world The project is designed to capture approximately 90 percent or 16 million tons annually of the CO2 from NRG Energys WA Parish 240 MW generating station in Texas
httpwwwourworldofenergycomvignettesphptype=coal-powerampid=11
Flue Duct
Quencher
AbsorberRegenerator
Cogeneration(steam amp power)
Compressor
CO2 Pipeline
Petra NovaCarbon Capture
Site
https2w4set5pkcc374jjw3jbdf15-wpenginenetdna-sslcomwp-contentuploads2017105-Armpriester-Petra-Novapdf
Carbon Capture System Site Layout
Wet flue gas cooling rather than dry cooling as at BD3 also has a conventional wet FGD upstream that will not be affected by fly ash
Pilot testing using real flue gas essential for coal oil and biomass
MHI Pilot Testing Experienceverified by their experience with 10 tpd and 500 tpd pilot test units and subsequently the full scale Petra Nova plant
ldquohelliphellip before offering commercial CO2 capture plants for coal fired flue gas application it is necessary to verify the influence of and develop countermeasures for related impurities contained in coal fired flue gas This includes the influence on both the absorbent and the entire system of the CO2 capture plant to achieve high operational reliability and minimize maintenance requirementsrdquo
ldquoPreventing the accumulation of impurities especially the build-up of dust is very important when treating coal fired flue gas and MHI has undertaken significant work to understand the impact of impurities in order to achieve reliable and stable operating conditions and to efficiently optimize integration between the CO2 capture plant the coal fired power plant and the flue gas clean-up equipmentrdquo
Takahiko Endo Yoshinori Kajiya Hiromitsu Nagayasu Masaki Iijima Tsuyoshi Ohishi Hiroshi Tanaka amp Ronald Mitchell Current Status of MHI CO2
Capture Plant technology Large Scale Demonstration Project and Road map to Commercialization for Coal Fired Flue Gas Application 10th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies 19th-23rd September 2010 RAI Amsterdam The Netherlands
Masaki Iijima Tatsuto Nagayasu Takashi Kamijyo Shinya Kishimoto Shinsuke Nakatani Large-scale Carbon Dioxide Capture Demonstration Project at a Coal-fired Power Plant in the USA Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Technical Review Vol 49 No 1 (March 2012) httpwwwmhicojptechnologyreviewpdfe491e491037pdf
Run 2011-2015
OEM User Site name Size Approximate
dates
MHI EON NA 100 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
MHI Southern Plant Barry 500 tpd 2011-2015
Cansolv EON Heyden ~150 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
HTCDoosan SSE Ferrybridge 100 tpd 2011-2012
Cansolv RWE Aberthaw 50 tpd 2013
Fluor RWE Wilmhelmshaven 70 tpd 2012-2015
Mitsubishi Hitachi
(now also Cansolv)
SaskPower Shand 120 tpd 2015-2017
2018-
httpwwwcansolvcomrtecontentdocumentCO2Pilotplant2009pdfhttpswwwgovukgovernmentcase-studiescarbon-capture-project-case-studieshttpwwwrwecomwebcmsen2756rweinnovationpower-generationfossil-fired-power-plantsco2-removal-ukhttpwwwfluorcomprojectscarbon-capture-plant-design-buildhttpssequestrationmitedutoolsprojectsshandhtml
Summary of large pilot testing on coal power plants (to 2018)
Peter Moser Georg Wiechers Sandra Schmidt Juliana Garcia Moretz-SohnMonteiro Charithea Charalambous Susana Garcia Eva Sanchez FernandezResults of the 18-month test with MEA at the post-combustion capture pilot plant at Niederaussem ndash new impetus to solvent management emissions and dynamic behaviour International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Volume 95 2020 httpsdoiorg101016jijggc2019102945
First published extended pilot test results from RWE pilot plant ndash part of the ACT project ALIGN
But a much longer period of satisfactory operation with reclaiming (in this case ion exchange) would be required to derisk commercial deployment
httpswwwdraxcompress_releasenegative-emissions-pioneer-drax-and-leading-global-carbon-capture-
company-mitsubishi-heavy-industries-group-announce-new-beccs-pilot
24th June 2020
Drax Group and Mitsubishi Heavy
Industries Engineering Ltd part of
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Group
(MHI) have agreed a new bioenergy
with carbon capture and storage
(BECCS) pilot project at Drax Power
Station which will get underway this
autumn
The pilot will test MHIrsquos carbon capture
technology ndash marking another step on
Draxrsquos journey towards achieving its
world-leading ambition to be a carbon
negative company by 2030
MHIrsquos 12-month pilot will capture
around 300kg of CO2 a day for the
purpose of confirming its technologyrsquos
suitability for use with biomass flue
gases at Drax
Experience of coal pilot plant test duration
bull The Plant Barry pilot unit is an exception with respect to running hours (again because it is producing CO2 for a storage trial) with over 13000 hours by 2014
bull Test duration at the MHI 10 tpd Matsushima pilot unit was ~5000 hours of operation plus another 1000 hours to verify performance at high fly ash loadings1
bull The Fluor pilot unit at Wilhelmshaven was run for a total of ~7000 hours
bull The Shand unit was reported to have been contracted to Mitsubishi Hitachi for 8000 hours of testing
bull Other test programs (eg CCPilot100+ and Cansolv Aberthaw) were truncated prematurely due to changing commercial conditions
bull It is therefore expected to require 4000 - 6000 hours of operation in PCC pilot trials with a proposed solvent reclaimingmakeup approach and operational parameters to verify satisfactory solvent performance although a bad solvent (or solvent management approach) could be evident much earlier
bull RWE recently ran a non-commercial test for gt 1 year
bull But there is MUCH more data to be had from operating power plants ndash these will raise fundamental knowledge questions in areas that in pilot plants donrsquot even exist
A cautionary tale ndash fortunately not PCC
httpwwwpower-engcomarticles201410kemper-plant-costs-rise-an-additional-496m-due-to-startup-delays-brings-total-cost-to-6-1bhtmlcmpid=enl-E280A614
httpwwwmississippipowercomabout-energyplantskemper-county-energy-facilityfacts
Plant 582-megawatt electric power plantTechnology TRIGtrade Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)Location Kemper County Miss about 20 miles north of Meridian MissFuel Mississippi lignite approximately 47 million tons used per year
4 billion mineable tons available in Mississippi aloneCO2 capture At least 65 percent
ldquoThree factors that doomed Kemperrdquo 30 June 2017httpsspectrumieeeorgenergywiseenergyfossil-fuelsthe-three-factors-that-doomed-kemper-county-igcc
bull Complex technology was one of three critical factors dogging the IGCC
bull Perhaps more critical to the plantrsquos fate were ldquounknown startup operation and technology risksrdquo
bull 20 years ago a case could be made for IGCC Then came fracking
bull Initially the project was estimated to cost $22 billion cancelled at $66 billion
[PCC for coal and natural gas plants]
Southerns coal-fired power plants Miller in
Alabama and Daniel in Mississippi will be
included in the plan as well as Plant Ratcliffe
Southern said it chose Kemper County for the
study because of geology that may be able to
store hundreds of millions of metric tons of
carbon underground Burleson said The
geologic formations known as salt domes are
considered to be great places to store carbon
because they can trap the gas and prevent it
from coming back out of the ground he said
But the sound of it brings back bad memories
for Louie Miller director of the Sierra Clubs
Mississippi chapter which fervently opposed
the project for years
helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip
After Southern stopped all work on the
carbon-capture portion of Kemper which had
ballooned into a $75 billion project by June
2017 the company eventually wrote off the
proprietary technology planned at the site
known as transport integrated gasification
(TRIG) technology That ended hopes of
marketing and selling it to other utilities in the
US and elsewhere
httpswwweenewsnetstories1063448493
THURSDAY JUNE 25 2020 - 126 PMAtkins and Oslo Economics have today submitted the second quality assurance report (KS2) on the CO2 capture and storage project
Norcem will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the cement plant in Brevik while Fortum Oslo Varme will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the waste incineration plant at Klemetsrud
Equinor Shell and Total will store the CO2 under the seabed
According to the report total investments for the project are expected to be between NOK 129 and 171 billion in 2021 depending on whether it is decided to invest in one or two capture facilities
The associated operating costs for ten years of operation will be between NOK 57 and 80 billion
The measure is considered costly with an expected cost of NOK 25 billion [~$26 bn] in 2021 for a total of 10 years of investment and operation of two capture facilities transport with three vessels and storage with two wells including any decommissioning costs The state should take 80 percent of the bill
ldquoThe demonstration project can be socially economically viable given an ambitious climate policy that produces CO2 prices that are about ten times higher than todays quota prices There is considerable uncertainty on the utility side and the measure can therefore also prove to be considerably unprofitable Third-party financing is needed to secure subsequent facilities rdquothe report states
ldquoIt may be best to realize one capture project instead of two because it provides greater inventory volume available for other capture projects and because it reduces the cost without necessarily reducing the learning effects Norcems capture facility appears to be preferable to FOVs primarily due to lower life-cycle costs it further states
Energy Minister Tina Bru (H) has not concluded what she wants to do with the assessments in the report
httpswwwoedigitalcomnews479665-norway-s-carbon-capture-and-storage-project-estimated-to-cost-2-6b
Project costs being examined in Norway
httpsukccsrcacuk
open-access-carbon-
capture-and-storage-
at-karsto-norway
FEED report + gt200
supporting documents
available via
UKCCSRC web site
PLANT AERIAL
VIEW AND
LOCATION
TIE-IN TO EXISTING STACK
TECHNICAL amp COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
AmineYou have likely heard amine and the cost to maintain it mentioned in the news But what is it and what part does it play in capturing carbon dioxide Like the oil in our cars every time you use it a small portion degrades and become less effective Thats why we get periodic oil changes In the CCS process we use amine to strip carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide from coal emissions Once we use it we send it through a filtration system and it goes back for another round of capture Every time some of it degrades This wasnt an unknown piece of maintenance but the speed at which it happens is faster than expected That means more costs for cleaning and to add new amine more frequently than planned
Forecasted Budget Actual SpendJan-Dec 2015 $5 million $173 millionJan-Dec 2016 $12 million $146 million
This is part of more than $490 million SaskPower spends to maintain its $10 billion of assets annually As you can see we spent more than planned on amine maintenance We also learned and we increased our forecast for 2016-17 We found ways to address the issue by half and thats largely how we went from capturing 400000 tonnes of carbon dioxide in year one to 800000 in year two of operation That doesnt mean the issue is solved Were forecasting approximately $15 million for amine maintenance in 2017 and our engineers are hard at work to keep improving how this complex chemical process performs
From Google archive 3062019 of httpswwwsaskpowercomabout-usOur-CompanyBlog201803a-word-from-the-
president-on-smart-meters-and-carbon-capture-and-storage since original apparently no longer available
Amine management issues noted in 2016 but very limited details published
httpswwwsaskpowercomOur-Power-FutureInfrastructure-ProjectsCarbon-Capture-and-StorageBoundary-Dam-Carbon-Capture-Project
Petra Nova is a joint venture between NRG Energy and JX Nippon Oil amp Gas Exploration that became operational in early January 2017
The largest post-combustion CCS project installed on an existing coal-fired power plant in the world The project is designed to capture approximately 90 percent or 16 million tons annually of the CO2 from NRG Energys WA Parish 240 MW generating station in Texas
httpwwwourworldofenergycomvignettesphptype=coal-powerampid=11
Flue Duct
Quencher
AbsorberRegenerator
Cogeneration(steam amp power)
Compressor
CO2 Pipeline
Petra NovaCarbon Capture
Site
https2w4set5pkcc374jjw3jbdf15-wpenginenetdna-sslcomwp-contentuploads2017105-Armpriester-Petra-Novapdf
Carbon Capture System Site Layout
Wet flue gas cooling rather than dry cooling as at BD3 also has a conventional wet FGD upstream that will not be affected by fly ash
Pilot testing using real flue gas essential for coal oil and biomass
MHI Pilot Testing Experienceverified by their experience with 10 tpd and 500 tpd pilot test units and subsequently the full scale Petra Nova plant
ldquohelliphellip before offering commercial CO2 capture plants for coal fired flue gas application it is necessary to verify the influence of and develop countermeasures for related impurities contained in coal fired flue gas This includes the influence on both the absorbent and the entire system of the CO2 capture plant to achieve high operational reliability and minimize maintenance requirementsrdquo
ldquoPreventing the accumulation of impurities especially the build-up of dust is very important when treating coal fired flue gas and MHI has undertaken significant work to understand the impact of impurities in order to achieve reliable and stable operating conditions and to efficiently optimize integration between the CO2 capture plant the coal fired power plant and the flue gas clean-up equipmentrdquo
Takahiko Endo Yoshinori Kajiya Hiromitsu Nagayasu Masaki Iijima Tsuyoshi Ohishi Hiroshi Tanaka amp Ronald Mitchell Current Status of MHI CO2
Capture Plant technology Large Scale Demonstration Project and Road map to Commercialization for Coal Fired Flue Gas Application 10th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies 19th-23rd September 2010 RAI Amsterdam The Netherlands
Masaki Iijima Tatsuto Nagayasu Takashi Kamijyo Shinya Kishimoto Shinsuke Nakatani Large-scale Carbon Dioxide Capture Demonstration Project at a Coal-fired Power Plant in the USA Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Technical Review Vol 49 No 1 (March 2012) httpwwwmhicojptechnologyreviewpdfe491e491037pdf
Run 2011-2015
OEM User Site name Size Approximate
dates
MHI EON NA 100 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
MHI Southern Plant Barry 500 tpd 2011-2015
Cansolv EON Heyden ~150 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
HTCDoosan SSE Ferrybridge 100 tpd 2011-2012
Cansolv RWE Aberthaw 50 tpd 2013
Fluor RWE Wilmhelmshaven 70 tpd 2012-2015
Mitsubishi Hitachi
(now also Cansolv)
SaskPower Shand 120 tpd 2015-2017
2018-
httpwwwcansolvcomrtecontentdocumentCO2Pilotplant2009pdfhttpswwwgovukgovernmentcase-studiescarbon-capture-project-case-studieshttpwwwrwecomwebcmsen2756rweinnovationpower-generationfossil-fired-power-plantsco2-removal-ukhttpwwwfluorcomprojectscarbon-capture-plant-design-buildhttpssequestrationmitedutoolsprojectsshandhtml
Summary of large pilot testing on coal power plants (to 2018)
Peter Moser Georg Wiechers Sandra Schmidt Juliana Garcia Moretz-SohnMonteiro Charithea Charalambous Susana Garcia Eva Sanchez FernandezResults of the 18-month test with MEA at the post-combustion capture pilot plant at Niederaussem ndash new impetus to solvent management emissions and dynamic behaviour International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Volume 95 2020 httpsdoiorg101016jijggc2019102945
First published extended pilot test results from RWE pilot plant ndash part of the ACT project ALIGN
But a much longer period of satisfactory operation with reclaiming (in this case ion exchange) would be required to derisk commercial deployment
httpswwwdraxcompress_releasenegative-emissions-pioneer-drax-and-leading-global-carbon-capture-
company-mitsubishi-heavy-industries-group-announce-new-beccs-pilot
24th June 2020
Drax Group and Mitsubishi Heavy
Industries Engineering Ltd part of
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Group
(MHI) have agreed a new bioenergy
with carbon capture and storage
(BECCS) pilot project at Drax Power
Station which will get underway this
autumn
The pilot will test MHIrsquos carbon capture
technology ndash marking another step on
Draxrsquos journey towards achieving its
world-leading ambition to be a carbon
negative company by 2030
MHIrsquos 12-month pilot will capture
around 300kg of CO2 a day for the
purpose of confirming its technologyrsquos
suitability for use with biomass flue
gases at Drax
Experience of coal pilot plant test duration
bull The Plant Barry pilot unit is an exception with respect to running hours (again because it is producing CO2 for a storage trial) with over 13000 hours by 2014
bull Test duration at the MHI 10 tpd Matsushima pilot unit was ~5000 hours of operation plus another 1000 hours to verify performance at high fly ash loadings1
bull The Fluor pilot unit at Wilhelmshaven was run for a total of ~7000 hours
bull The Shand unit was reported to have been contracted to Mitsubishi Hitachi for 8000 hours of testing
bull Other test programs (eg CCPilot100+ and Cansolv Aberthaw) were truncated prematurely due to changing commercial conditions
bull It is therefore expected to require 4000 - 6000 hours of operation in PCC pilot trials with a proposed solvent reclaimingmakeup approach and operational parameters to verify satisfactory solvent performance although a bad solvent (or solvent management approach) could be evident much earlier
bull RWE recently ran a non-commercial test for gt 1 year
bull But there is MUCH more data to be had from operating power plants ndash these will raise fundamental knowledge questions in areas that in pilot plants donrsquot even exist
A cautionary tale ndash fortunately not PCC
httpwwwpower-engcomarticles201410kemper-plant-costs-rise-an-additional-496m-due-to-startup-delays-brings-total-cost-to-6-1bhtmlcmpid=enl-E280A614
httpwwwmississippipowercomabout-energyplantskemper-county-energy-facilityfacts
Plant 582-megawatt electric power plantTechnology TRIGtrade Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)Location Kemper County Miss about 20 miles north of Meridian MissFuel Mississippi lignite approximately 47 million tons used per year
4 billion mineable tons available in Mississippi aloneCO2 capture At least 65 percent
ldquoThree factors that doomed Kemperrdquo 30 June 2017httpsspectrumieeeorgenergywiseenergyfossil-fuelsthe-three-factors-that-doomed-kemper-county-igcc
bull Complex technology was one of three critical factors dogging the IGCC
bull Perhaps more critical to the plantrsquos fate were ldquounknown startup operation and technology risksrdquo
bull 20 years ago a case could be made for IGCC Then came fracking
bull Initially the project was estimated to cost $22 billion cancelled at $66 billion
[PCC for coal and natural gas plants]
Southerns coal-fired power plants Miller in
Alabama and Daniel in Mississippi will be
included in the plan as well as Plant Ratcliffe
Southern said it chose Kemper County for the
study because of geology that may be able to
store hundreds of millions of metric tons of
carbon underground Burleson said The
geologic formations known as salt domes are
considered to be great places to store carbon
because they can trap the gas and prevent it
from coming back out of the ground he said
But the sound of it brings back bad memories
for Louie Miller director of the Sierra Clubs
Mississippi chapter which fervently opposed
the project for years
helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip
After Southern stopped all work on the
carbon-capture portion of Kemper which had
ballooned into a $75 billion project by June
2017 the company eventually wrote off the
proprietary technology planned at the site
known as transport integrated gasification
(TRIG) technology That ended hopes of
marketing and selling it to other utilities in the
US and elsewhere
httpswwweenewsnetstories1063448493
THURSDAY JUNE 25 2020 - 126 PMAtkins and Oslo Economics have today submitted the second quality assurance report (KS2) on the CO2 capture and storage project
Norcem will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the cement plant in Brevik while Fortum Oslo Varme will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the waste incineration plant at Klemetsrud
Equinor Shell and Total will store the CO2 under the seabed
According to the report total investments for the project are expected to be between NOK 129 and 171 billion in 2021 depending on whether it is decided to invest in one or two capture facilities
The associated operating costs for ten years of operation will be between NOK 57 and 80 billion
The measure is considered costly with an expected cost of NOK 25 billion [~$26 bn] in 2021 for a total of 10 years of investment and operation of two capture facilities transport with three vessels and storage with two wells including any decommissioning costs The state should take 80 percent of the bill
ldquoThe demonstration project can be socially economically viable given an ambitious climate policy that produces CO2 prices that are about ten times higher than todays quota prices There is considerable uncertainty on the utility side and the measure can therefore also prove to be considerably unprofitable Third-party financing is needed to secure subsequent facilities rdquothe report states
ldquoIt may be best to realize one capture project instead of two because it provides greater inventory volume available for other capture projects and because it reduces the cost without necessarily reducing the learning effects Norcems capture facility appears to be preferable to FOVs primarily due to lower life-cycle costs it further states
Energy Minister Tina Bru (H) has not concluded what she wants to do with the assessments in the report
httpswwwoedigitalcomnews479665-norway-s-carbon-capture-and-storage-project-estimated-to-cost-2-6b
Project costs being examined in Norway
httpsukccsrcacuk
open-access-carbon-
capture-and-storage-
at-karsto-norway
FEED report + gt200
supporting documents
available via
UKCCSRC web site
PLANT AERIAL
VIEW AND
LOCATION
TIE-IN TO EXISTING STACK
TECHNICAL amp COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
httpswwwsaskpowercomOur-Power-FutureInfrastructure-ProjectsCarbon-Capture-and-StorageBoundary-Dam-Carbon-Capture-Project
Petra Nova is a joint venture between NRG Energy and JX Nippon Oil amp Gas Exploration that became operational in early January 2017
The largest post-combustion CCS project installed on an existing coal-fired power plant in the world The project is designed to capture approximately 90 percent or 16 million tons annually of the CO2 from NRG Energys WA Parish 240 MW generating station in Texas
httpwwwourworldofenergycomvignettesphptype=coal-powerampid=11
Flue Duct
Quencher
AbsorberRegenerator
Cogeneration(steam amp power)
Compressor
CO2 Pipeline
Petra NovaCarbon Capture
Site
https2w4set5pkcc374jjw3jbdf15-wpenginenetdna-sslcomwp-contentuploads2017105-Armpriester-Petra-Novapdf
Carbon Capture System Site Layout
Wet flue gas cooling rather than dry cooling as at BD3 also has a conventional wet FGD upstream that will not be affected by fly ash
Pilot testing using real flue gas essential for coal oil and biomass
MHI Pilot Testing Experienceverified by their experience with 10 tpd and 500 tpd pilot test units and subsequently the full scale Petra Nova plant
ldquohelliphellip before offering commercial CO2 capture plants for coal fired flue gas application it is necessary to verify the influence of and develop countermeasures for related impurities contained in coal fired flue gas This includes the influence on both the absorbent and the entire system of the CO2 capture plant to achieve high operational reliability and minimize maintenance requirementsrdquo
ldquoPreventing the accumulation of impurities especially the build-up of dust is very important when treating coal fired flue gas and MHI has undertaken significant work to understand the impact of impurities in order to achieve reliable and stable operating conditions and to efficiently optimize integration between the CO2 capture plant the coal fired power plant and the flue gas clean-up equipmentrdquo
Takahiko Endo Yoshinori Kajiya Hiromitsu Nagayasu Masaki Iijima Tsuyoshi Ohishi Hiroshi Tanaka amp Ronald Mitchell Current Status of MHI CO2
Capture Plant technology Large Scale Demonstration Project and Road map to Commercialization for Coal Fired Flue Gas Application 10th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies 19th-23rd September 2010 RAI Amsterdam The Netherlands
Masaki Iijima Tatsuto Nagayasu Takashi Kamijyo Shinya Kishimoto Shinsuke Nakatani Large-scale Carbon Dioxide Capture Demonstration Project at a Coal-fired Power Plant in the USA Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Technical Review Vol 49 No 1 (March 2012) httpwwwmhicojptechnologyreviewpdfe491e491037pdf
Run 2011-2015
OEM User Site name Size Approximate
dates
MHI EON NA 100 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
MHI Southern Plant Barry 500 tpd 2011-2015
Cansolv EON Heyden ~150 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
HTCDoosan SSE Ferrybridge 100 tpd 2011-2012
Cansolv RWE Aberthaw 50 tpd 2013
Fluor RWE Wilmhelmshaven 70 tpd 2012-2015
Mitsubishi Hitachi
(now also Cansolv)
SaskPower Shand 120 tpd 2015-2017
2018-
httpwwwcansolvcomrtecontentdocumentCO2Pilotplant2009pdfhttpswwwgovukgovernmentcase-studiescarbon-capture-project-case-studieshttpwwwrwecomwebcmsen2756rweinnovationpower-generationfossil-fired-power-plantsco2-removal-ukhttpwwwfluorcomprojectscarbon-capture-plant-design-buildhttpssequestrationmitedutoolsprojectsshandhtml
Summary of large pilot testing on coal power plants (to 2018)
Peter Moser Georg Wiechers Sandra Schmidt Juliana Garcia Moretz-SohnMonteiro Charithea Charalambous Susana Garcia Eva Sanchez FernandezResults of the 18-month test with MEA at the post-combustion capture pilot plant at Niederaussem ndash new impetus to solvent management emissions and dynamic behaviour International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Volume 95 2020 httpsdoiorg101016jijggc2019102945
First published extended pilot test results from RWE pilot plant ndash part of the ACT project ALIGN
But a much longer period of satisfactory operation with reclaiming (in this case ion exchange) would be required to derisk commercial deployment
httpswwwdraxcompress_releasenegative-emissions-pioneer-drax-and-leading-global-carbon-capture-
company-mitsubishi-heavy-industries-group-announce-new-beccs-pilot
24th June 2020
Drax Group and Mitsubishi Heavy
Industries Engineering Ltd part of
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Group
(MHI) have agreed a new bioenergy
with carbon capture and storage
(BECCS) pilot project at Drax Power
Station which will get underway this
autumn
The pilot will test MHIrsquos carbon capture
technology ndash marking another step on
Draxrsquos journey towards achieving its
world-leading ambition to be a carbon
negative company by 2030
MHIrsquos 12-month pilot will capture
around 300kg of CO2 a day for the
purpose of confirming its technologyrsquos
suitability for use with biomass flue
gases at Drax
Experience of coal pilot plant test duration
bull The Plant Barry pilot unit is an exception with respect to running hours (again because it is producing CO2 for a storage trial) with over 13000 hours by 2014
bull Test duration at the MHI 10 tpd Matsushima pilot unit was ~5000 hours of operation plus another 1000 hours to verify performance at high fly ash loadings1
bull The Fluor pilot unit at Wilhelmshaven was run for a total of ~7000 hours
bull The Shand unit was reported to have been contracted to Mitsubishi Hitachi for 8000 hours of testing
bull Other test programs (eg CCPilot100+ and Cansolv Aberthaw) were truncated prematurely due to changing commercial conditions
bull It is therefore expected to require 4000 - 6000 hours of operation in PCC pilot trials with a proposed solvent reclaimingmakeup approach and operational parameters to verify satisfactory solvent performance although a bad solvent (or solvent management approach) could be evident much earlier
bull RWE recently ran a non-commercial test for gt 1 year
bull But there is MUCH more data to be had from operating power plants ndash these will raise fundamental knowledge questions in areas that in pilot plants donrsquot even exist
A cautionary tale ndash fortunately not PCC
httpwwwpower-engcomarticles201410kemper-plant-costs-rise-an-additional-496m-due-to-startup-delays-brings-total-cost-to-6-1bhtmlcmpid=enl-E280A614
httpwwwmississippipowercomabout-energyplantskemper-county-energy-facilityfacts
Plant 582-megawatt electric power plantTechnology TRIGtrade Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)Location Kemper County Miss about 20 miles north of Meridian MissFuel Mississippi lignite approximately 47 million tons used per year
4 billion mineable tons available in Mississippi aloneCO2 capture At least 65 percent
ldquoThree factors that doomed Kemperrdquo 30 June 2017httpsspectrumieeeorgenergywiseenergyfossil-fuelsthe-three-factors-that-doomed-kemper-county-igcc
bull Complex technology was one of three critical factors dogging the IGCC
bull Perhaps more critical to the plantrsquos fate were ldquounknown startup operation and technology risksrdquo
bull 20 years ago a case could be made for IGCC Then came fracking
bull Initially the project was estimated to cost $22 billion cancelled at $66 billion
[PCC for coal and natural gas plants]
Southerns coal-fired power plants Miller in
Alabama and Daniel in Mississippi will be
included in the plan as well as Plant Ratcliffe
Southern said it chose Kemper County for the
study because of geology that may be able to
store hundreds of millions of metric tons of
carbon underground Burleson said The
geologic formations known as salt domes are
considered to be great places to store carbon
because they can trap the gas and prevent it
from coming back out of the ground he said
But the sound of it brings back bad memories
for Louie Miller director of the Sierra Clubs
Mississippi chapter which fervently opposed
the project for years
helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip
After Southern stopped all work on the
carbon-capture portion of Kemper which had
ballooned into a $75 billion project by June
2017 the company eventually wrote off the
proprietary technology planned at the site
known as transport integrated gasification
(TRIG) technology That ended hopes of
marketing and selling it to other utilities in the
US and elsewhere
httpswwweenewsnetstories1063448493
THURSDAY JUNE 25 2020 - 126 PMAtkins and Oslo Economics have today submitted the second quality assurance report (KS2) on the CO2 capture and storage project
Norcem will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the cement plant in Brevik while Fortum Oslo Varme will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the waste incineration plant at Klemetsrud
Equinor Shell and Total will store the CO2 under the seabed
According to the report total investments for the project are expected to be between NOK 129 and 171 billion in 2021 depending on whether it is decided to invest in one or two capture facilities
The associated operating costs for ten years of operation will be between NOK 57 and 80 billion
The measure is considered costly with an expected cost of NOK 25 billion [~$26 bn] in 2021 for a total of 10 years of investment and operation of two capture facilities transport with three vessels and storage with two wells including any decommissioning costs The state should take 80 percent of the bill
ldquoThe demonstration project can be socially economically viable given an ambitious climate policy that produces CO2 prices that are about ten times higher than todays quota prices There is considerable uncertainty on the utility side and the measure can therefore also prove to be considerably unprofitable Third-party financing is needed to secure subsequent facilities rdquothe report states
ldquoIt may be best to realize one capture project instead of two because it provides greater inventory volume available for other capture projects and because it reduces the cost without necessarily reducing the learning effects Norcems capture facility appears to be preferable to FOVs primarily due to lower life-cycle costs it further states
Energy Minister Tina Bru (H) has not concluded what she wants to do with the assessments in the report
httpswwwoedigitalcomnews479665-norway-s-carbon-capture-and-storage-project-estimated-to-cost-2-6b
Project costs being examined in Norway
httpsukccsrcacuk
open-access-carbon-
capture-and-storage-
at-karsto-norway
FEED report + gt200
supporting documents
available via
UKCCSRC web site
PLANT AERIAL
VIEW AND
LOCATION
TIE-IN TO EXISTING STACK
TECHNICAL amp COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
Petra Nova is a joint venture between NRG Energy and JX Nippon Oil amp Gas Exploration that became operational in early January 2017
The largest post-combustion CCS project installed on an existing coal-fired power plant in the world The project is designed to capture approximately 90 percent or 16 million tons annually of the CO2 from NRG Energys WA Parish 240 MW generating station in Texas
httpwwwourworldofenergycomvignettesphptype=coal-powerampid=11
Flue Duct
Quencher
AbsorberRegenerator
Cogeneration(steam amp power)
Compressor
CO2 Pipeline
Petra NovaCarbon Capture
Site
https2w4set5pkcc374jjw3jbdf15-wpenginenetdna-sslcomwp-contentuploads2017105-Armpriester-Petra-Novapdf
Carbon Capture System Site Layout
Wet flue gas cooling rather than dry cooling as at BD3 also has a conventional wet FGD upstream that will not be affected by fly ash
Pilot testing using real flue gas essential for coal oil and biomass
MHI Pilot Testing Experienceverified by their experience with 10 tpd and 500 tpd pilot test units and subsequently the full scale Petra Nova plant
ldquohelliphellip before offering commercial CO2 capture plants for coal fired flue gas application it is necessary to verify the influence of and develop countermeasures for related impurities contained in coal fired flue gas This includes the influence on both the absorbent and the entire system of the CO2 capture plant to achieve high operational reliability and minimize maintenance requirementsrdquo
ldquoPreventing the accumulation of impurities especially the build-up of dust is very important when treating coal fired flue gas and MHI has undertaken significant work to understand the impact of impurities in order to achieve reliable and stable operating conditions and to efficiently optimize integration between the CO2 capture plant the coal fired power plant and the flue gas clean-up equipmentrdquo
Takahiko Endo Yoshinori Kajiya Hiromitsu Nagayasu Masaki Iijima Tsuyoshi Ohishi Hiroshi Tanaka amp Ronald Mitchell Current Status of MHI CO2
Capture Plant technology Large Scale Demonstration Project and Road map to Commercialization for Coal Fired Flue Gas Application 10th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies 19th-23rd September 2010 RAI Amsterdam The Netherlands
Masaki Iijima Tatsuto Nagayasu Takashi Kamijyo Shinya Kishimoto Shinsuke Nakatani Large-scale Carbon Dioxide Capture Demonstration Project at a Coal-fired Power Plant in the USA Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Technical Review Vol 49 No 1 (March 2012) httpwwwmhicojptechnologyreviewpdfe491e491037pdf
Run 2011-2015
OEM User Site name Size Approximate
dates
MHI EON NA 100 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
MHI Southern Plant Barry 500 tpd 2011-2015
Cansolv EON Heyden ~150 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
HTCDoosan SSE Ferrybridge 100 tpd 2011-2012
Cansolv RWE Aberthaw 50 tpd 2013
Fluor RWE Wilmhelmshaven 70 tpd 2012-2015
Mitsubishi Hitachi
(now also Cansolv)
SaskPower Shand 120 tpd 2015-2017
2018-
httpwwwcansolvcomrtecontentdocumentCO2Pilotplant2009pdfhttpswwwgovukgovernmentcase-studiescarbon-capture-project-case-studieshttpwwwrwecomwebcmsen2756rweinnovationpower-generationfossil-fired-power-plantsco2-removal-ukhttpwwwfluorcomprojectscarbon-capture-plant-design-buildhttpssequestrationmitedutoolsprojectsshandhtml
Summary of large pilot testing on coal power plants (to 2018)
Peter Moser Georg Wiechers Sandra Schmidt Juliana Garcia Moretz-SohnMonteiro Charithea Charalambous Susana Garcia Eva Sanchez FernandezResults of the 18-month test with MEA at the post-combustion capture pilot plant at Niederaussem ndash new impetus to solvent management emissions and dynamic behaviour International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Volume 95 2020 httpsdoiorg101016jijggc2019102945
First published extended pilot test results from RWE pilot plant ndash part of the ACT project ALIGN
But a much longer period of satisfactory operation with reclaiming (in this case ion exchange) would be required to derisk commercial deployment
httpswwwdraxcompress_releasenegative-emissions-pioneer-drax-and-leading-global-carbon-capture-
company-mitsubishi-heavy-industries-group-announce-new-beccs-pilot
24th June 2020
Drax Group and Mitsubishi Heavy
Industries Engineering Ltd part of
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Group
(MHI) have agreed a new bioenergy
with carbon capture and storage
(BECCS) pilot project at Drax Power
Station which will get underway this
autumn
The pilot will test MHIrsquos carbon capture
technology ndash marking another step on
Draxrsquos journey towards achieving its
world-leading ambition to be a carbon
negative company by 2030
MHIrsquos 12-month pilot will capture
around 300kg of CO2 a day for the
purpose of confirming its technologyrsquos
suitability for use with biomass flue
gases at Drax
Experience of coal pilot plant test duration
bull The Plant Barry pilot unit is an exception with respect to running hours (again because it is producing CO2 for a storage trial) with over 13000 hours by 2014
bull Test duration at the MHI 10 tpd Matsushima pilot unit was ~5000 hours of operation plus another 1000 hours to verify performance at high fly ash loadings1
bull The Fluor pilot unit at Wilhelmshaven was run for a total of ~7000 hours
bull The Shand unit was reported to have been contracted to Mitsubishi Hitachi for 8000 hours of testing
bull Other test programs (eg CCPilot100+ and Cansolv Aberthaw) were truncated prematurely due to changing commercial conditions
bull It is therefore expected to require 4000 - 6000 hours of operation in PCC pilot trials with a proposed solvent reclaimingmakeup approach and operational parameters to verify satisfactory solvent performance although a bad solvent (or solvent management approach) could be evident much earlier
bull RWE recently ran a non-commercial test for gt 1 year
bull But there is MUCH more data to be had from operating power plants ndash these will raise fundamental knowledge questions in areas that in pilot plants donrsquot even exist
A cautionary tale ndash fortunately not PCC
httpwwwpower-engcomarticles201410kemper-plant-costs-rise-an-additional-496m-due-to-startup-delays-brings-total-cost-to-6-1bhtmlcmpid=enl-E280A614
httpwwwmississippipowercomabout-energyplantskemper-county-energy-facilityfacts
Plant 582-megawatt electric power plantTechnology TRIGtrade Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)Location Kemper County Miss about 20 miles north of Meridian MissFuel Mississippi lignite approximately 47 million tons used per year
4 billion mineable tons available in Mississippi aloneCO2 capture At least 65 percent
ldquoThree factors that doomed Kemperrdquo 30 June 2017httpsspectrumieeeorgenergywiseenergyfossil-fuelsthe-three-factors-that-doomed-kemper-county-igcc
bull Complex technology was one of three critical factors dogging the IGCC
bull Perhaps more critical to the plantrsquos fate were ldquounknown startup operation and technology risksrdquo
bull 20 years ago a case could be made for IGCC Then came fracking
bull Initially the project was estimated to cost $22 billion cancelled at $66 billion
[PCC for coal and natural gas plants]
Southerns coal-fired power plants Miller in
Alabama and Daniel in Mississippi will be
included in the plan as well as Plant Ratcliffe
Southern said it chose Kemper County for the
study because of geology that may be able to
store hundreds of millions of metric tons of
carbon underground Burleson said The
geologic formations known as salt domes are
considered to be great places to store carbon
because they can trap the gas and prevent it
from coming back out of the ground he said
But the sound of it brings back bad memories
for Louie Miller director of the Sierra Clubs
Mississippi chapter which fervently opposed
the project for years
helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip
After Southern stopped all work on the
carbon-capture portion of Kemper which had
ballooned into a $75 billion project by June
2017 the company eventually wrote off the
proprietary technology planned at the site
known as transport integrated gasification
(TRIG) technology That ended hopes of
marketing and selling it to other utilities in the
US and elsewhere
httpswwweenewsnetstories1063448493
THURSDAY JUNE 25 2020 - 126 PMAtkins and Oslo Economics have today submitted the second quality assurance report (KS2) on the CO2 capture and storage project
Norcem will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the cement plant in Brevik while Fortum Oslo Varme will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the waste incineration plant at Klemetsrud
Equinor Shell and Total will store the CO2 under the seabed
According to the report total investments for the project are expected to be between NOK 129 and 171 billion in 2021 depending on whether it is decided to invest in one or two capture facilities
The associated operating costs for ten years of operation will be between NOK 57 and 80 billion
The measure is considered costly with an expected cost of NOK 25 billion [~$26 bn] in 2021 for a total of 10 years of investment and operation of two capture facilities transport with three vessels and storage with two wells including any decommissioning costs The state should take 80 percent of the bill
ldquoThe demonstration project can be socially economically viable given an ambitious climate policy that produces CO2 prices that are about ten times higher than todays quota prices There is considerable uncertainty on the utility side and the measure can therefore also prove to be considerably unprofitable Third-party financing is needed to secure subsequent facilities rdquothe report states
ldquoIt may be best to realize one capture project instead of two because it provides greater inventory volume available for other capture projects and because it reduces the cost without necessarily reducing the learning effects Norcems capture facility appears to be preferable to FOVs primarily due to lower life-cycle costs it further states
Energy Minister Tina Bru (H) has not concluded what she wants to do with the assessments in the report
httpswwwoedigitalcomnews479665-norway-s-carbon-capture-and-storage-project-estimated-to-cost-2-6b
Project costs being examined in Norway
httpsukccsrcacuk
open-access-carbon-
capture-and-storage-
at-karsto-norway
FEED report + gt200
supporting documents
available via
UKCCSRC web site
PLANT AERIAL
VIEW AND
LOCATION
TIE-IN TO EXISTING STACK
TECHNICAL amp COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
Flue Duct
Quencher
AbsorberRegenerator
Cogeneration(steam amp power)
Compressor
CO2 Pipeline
Petra NovaCarbon Capture
Site
https2w4set5pkcc374jjw3jbdf15-wpenginenetdna-sslcomwp-contentuploads2017105-Armpriester-Petra-Novapdf
Carbon Capture System Site Layout
Wet flue gas cooling rather than dry cooling as at BD3 also has a conventional wet FGD upstream that will not be affected by fly ash
Pilot testing using real flue gas essential for coal oil and biomass
MHI Pilot Testing Experienceverified by their experience with 10 tpd and 500 tpd pilot test units and subsequently the full scale Petra Nova plant
ldquohelliphellip before offering commercial CO2 capture plants for coal fired flue gas application it is necessary to verify the influence of and develop countermeasures for related impurities contained in coal fired flue gas This includes the influence on both the absorbent and the entire system of the CO2 capture plant to achieve high operational reliability and minimize maintenance requirementsrdquo
ldquoPreventing the accumulation of impurities especially the build-up of dust is very important when treating coal fired flue gas and MHI has undertaken significant work to understand the impact of impurities in order to achieve reliable and stable operating conditions and to efficiently optimize integration between the CO2 capture plant the coal fired power plant and the flue gas clean-up equipmentrdquo
Takahiko Endo Yoshinori Kajiya Hiromitsu Nagayasu Masaki Iijima Tsuyoshi Ohishi Hiroshi Tanaka amp Ronald Mitchell Current Status of MHI CO2
Capture Plant technology Large Scale Demonstration Project and Road map to Commercialization for Coal Fired Flue Gas Application 10th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies 19th-23rd September 2010 RAI Amsterdam The Netherlands
Masaki Iijima Tatsuto Nagayasu Takashi Kamijyo Shinya Kishimoto Shinsuke Nakatani Large-scale Carbon Dioxide Capture Demonstration Project at a Coal-fired Power Plant in the USA Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Technical Review Vol 49 No 1 (March 2012) httpwwwmhicojptechnologyreviewpdfe491e491037pdf
Run 2011-2015
OEM User Site name Size Approximate
dates
MHI EON NA 100 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
MHI Southern Plant Barry 500 tpd 2011-2015
Cansolv EON Heyden ~150 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
HTCDoosan SSE Ferrybridge 100 tpd 2011-2012
Cansolv RWE Aberthaw 50 tpd 2013
Fluor RWE Wilmhelmshaven 70 tpd 2012-2015
Mitsubishi Hitachi
(now also Cansolv)
SaskPower Shand 120 tpd 2015-2017
2018-
httpwwwcansolvcomrtecontentdocumentCO2Pilotplant2009pdfhttpswwwgovukgovernmentcase-studiescarbon-capture-project-case-studieshttpwwwrwecomwebcmsen2756rweinnovationpower-generationfossil-fired-power-plantsco2-removal-ukhttpwwwfluorcomprojectscarbon-capture-plant-design-buildhttpssequestrationmitedutoolsprojectsshandhtml
Summary of large pilot testing on coal power plants (to 2018)
Peter Moser Georg Wiechers Sandra Schmidt Juliana Garcia Moretz-SohnMonteiro Charithea Charalambous Susana Garcia Eva Sanchez FernandezResults of the 18-month test with MEA at the post-combustion capture pilot plant at Niederaussem ndash new impetus to solvent management emissions and dynamic behaviour International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Volume 95 2020 httpsdoiorg101016jijggc2019102945
First published extended pilot test results from RWE pilot plant ndash part of the ACT project ALIGN
But a much longer period of satisfactory operation with reclaiming (in this case ion exchange) would be required to derisk commercial deployment
httpswwwdraxcompress_releasenegative-emissions-pioneer-drax-and-leading-global-carbon-capture-
company-mitsubishi-heavy-industries-group-announce-new-beccs-pilot
24th June 2020
Drax Group and Mitsubishi Heavy
Industries Engineering Ltd part of
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Group
(MHI) have agreed a new bioenergy
with carbon capture and storage
(BECCS) pilot project at Drax Power
Station which will get underway this
autumn
The pilot will test MHIrsquos carbon capture
technology ndash marking another step on
Draxrsquos journey towards achieving its
world-leading ambition to be a carbon
negative company by 2030
MHIrsquos 12-month pilot will capture
around 300kg of CO2 a day for the
purpose of confirming its technologyrsquos
suitability for use with biomass flue
gases at Drax
Experience of coal pilot plant test duration
bull The Plant Barry pilot unit is an exception with respect to running hours (again because it is producing CO2 for a storage trial) with over 13000 hours by 2014
bull Test duration at the MHI 10 tpd Matsushima pilot unit was ~5000 hours of operation plus another 1000 hours to verify performance at high fly ash loadings1
bull The Fluor pilot unit at Wilhelmshaven was run for a total of ~7000 hours
bull The Shand unit was reported to have been contracted to Mitsubishi Hitachi for 8000 hours of testing
bull Other test programs (eg CCPilot100+ and Cansolv Aberthaw) were truncated prematurely due to changing commercial conditions
bull It is therefore expected to require 4000 - 6000 hours of operation in PCC pilot trials with a proposed solvent reclaimingmakeup approach and operational parameters to verify satisfactory solvent performance although a bad solvent (or solvent management approach) could be evident much earlier
bull RWE recently ran a non-commercial test for gt 1 year
bull But there is MUCH more data to be had from operating power plants ndash these will raise fundamental knowledge questions in areas that in pilot plants donrsquot even exist
A cautionary tale ndash fortunately not PCC
httpwwwpower-engcomarticles201410kemper-plant-costs-rise-an-additional-496m-due-to-startup-delays-brings-total-cost-to-6-1bhtmlcmpid=enl-E280A614
httpwwwmississippipowercomabout-energyplantskemper-county-energy-facilityfacts
Plant 582-megawatt electric power plantTechnology TRIGtrade Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)Location Kemper County Miss about 20 miles north of Meridian MissFuel Mississippi lignite approximately 47 million tons used per year
4 billion mineable tons available in Mississippi aloneCO2 capture At least 65 percent
ldquoThree factors that doomed Kemperrdquo 30 June 2017httpsspectrumieeeorgenergywiseenergyfossil-fuelsthe-three-factors-that-doomed-kemper-county-igcc
bull Complex technology was one of three critical factors dogging the IGCC
bull Perhaps more critical to the plantrsquos fate were ldquounknown startup operation and technology risksrdquo
bull 20 years ago a case could be made for IGCC Then came fracking
bull Initially the project was estimated to cost $22 billion cancelled at $66 billion
[PCC for coal and natural gas plants]
Southerns coal-fired power plants Miller in
Alabama and Daniel in Mississippi will be
included in the plan as well as Plant Ratcliffe
Southern said it chose Kemper County for the
study because of geology that may be able to
store hundreds of millions of metric tons of
carbon underground Burleson said The
geologic formations known as salt domes are
considered to be great places to store carbon
because they can trap the gas and prevent it
from coming back out of the ground he said
But the sound of it brings back bad memories
for Louie Miller director of the Sierra Clubs
Mississippi chapter which fervently opposed
the project for years
helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip
After Southern stopped all work on the
carbon-capture portion of Kemper which had
ballooned into a $75 billion project by June
2017 the company eventually wrote off the
proprietary technology planned at the site
known as transport integrated gasification
(TRIG) technology That ended hopes of
marketing and selling it to other utilities in the
US and elsewhere
httpswwweenewsnetstories1063448493
THURSDAY JUNE 25 2020 - 126 PMAtkins and Oslo Economics have today submitted the second quality assurance report (KS2) on the CO2 capture and storage project
Norcem will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the cement plant in Brevik while Fortum Oslo Varme will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the waste incineration plant at Klemetsrud
Equinor Shell and Total will store the CO2 under the seabed
According to the report total investments for the project are expected to be between NOK 129 and 171 billion in 2021 depending on whether it is decided to invest in one or two capture facilities
The associated operating costs for ten years of operation will be between NOK 57 and 80 billion
The measure is considered costly with an expected cost of NOK 25 billion [~$26 bn] in 2021 for a total of 10 years of investment and operation of two capture facilities transport with three vessels and storage with two wells including any decommissioning costs The state should take 80 percent of the bill
ldquoThe demonstration project can be socially economically viable given an ambitious climate policy that produces CO2 prices that are about ten times higher than todays quota prices There is considerable uncertainty on the utility side and the measure can therefore also prove to be considerably unprofitable Third-party financing is needed to secure subsequent facilities rdquothe report states
ldquoIt may be best to realize one capture project instead of two because it provides greater inventory volume available for other capture projects and because it reduces the cost without necessarily reducing the learning effects Norcems capture facility appears to be preferable to FOVs primarily due to lower life-cycle costs it further states
Energy Minister Tina Bru (H) has not concluded what she wants to do with the assessments in the report
httpswwwoedigitalcomnews479665-norway-s-carbon-capture-and-storage-project-estimated-to-cost-2-6b
Project costs being examined in Norway
httpsukccsrcacuk
open-access-carbon-
capture-and-storage-
at-karsto-norway
FEED report + gt200
supporting documents
available via
UKCCSRC web site
PLANT AERIAL
VIEW AND
LOCATION
TIE-IN TO EXISTING STACK
TECHNICAL amp COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
Pilot testing using real flue gas essential for coal oil and biomass
MHI Pilot Testing Experienceverified by their experience with 10 tpd and 500 tpd pilot test units and subsequently the full scale Petra Nova plant
ldquohelliphellip before offering commercial CO2 capture plants for coal fired flue gas application it is necessary to verify the influence of and develop countermeasures for related impurities contained in coal fired flue gas This includes the influence on both the absorbent and the entire system of the CO2 capture plant to achieve high operational reliability and minimize maintenance requirementsrdquo
ldquoPreventing the accumulation of impurities especially the build-up of dust is very important when treating coal fired flue gas and MHI has undertaken significant work to understand the impact of impurities in order to achieve reliable and stable operating conditions and to efficiently optimize integration between the CO2 capture plant the coal fired power plant and the flue gas clean-up equipmentrdquo
Takahiko Endo Yoshinori Kajiya Hiromitsu Nagayasu Masaki Iijima Tsuyoshi Ohishi Hiroshi Tanaka amp Ronald Mitchell Current Status of MHI CO2
Capture Plant technology Large Scale Demonstration Project and Road map to Commercialization for Coal Fired Flue Gas Application 10th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies 19th-23rd September 2010 RAI Amsterdam The Netherlands
Masaki Iijima Tatsuto Nagayasu Takashi Kamijyo Shinya Kishimoto Shinsuke Nakatani Large-scale Carbon Dioxide Capture Demonstration Project at a Coal-fired Power Plant in the USA Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Technical Review Vol 49 No 1 (March 2012) httpwwwmhicojptechnologyreviewpdfe491e491037pdf
Run 2011-2015
OEM User Site name Size Approximate
dates
MHI EON NA 100 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
MHI Southern Plant Barry 500 tpd 2011-2015
Cansolv EON Heyden ~150 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
HTCDoosan SSE Ferrybridge 100 tpd 2011-2012
Cansolv RWE Aberthaw 50 tpd 2013
Fluor RWE Wilmhelmshaven 70 tpd 2012-2015
Mitsubishi Hitachi
(now also Cansolv)
SaskPower Shand 120 tpd 2015-2017
2018-
httpwwwcansolvcomrtecontentdocumentCO2Pilotplant2009pdfhttpswwwgovukgovernmentcase-studiescarbon-capture-project-case-studieshttpwwwrwecomwebcmsen2756rweinnovationpower-generationfossil-fired-power-plantsco2-removal-ukhttpwwwfluorcomprojectscarbon-capture-plant-design-buildhttpssequestrationmitedutoolsprojectsshandhtml
Summary of large pilot testing on coal power plants (to 2018)
Peter Moser Georg Wiechers Sandra Schmidt Juliana Garcia Moretz-SohnMonteiro Charithea Charalambous Susana Garcia Eva Sanchez FernandezResults of the 18-month test with MEA at the post-combustion capture pilot plant at Niederaussem ndash new impetus to solvent management emissions and dynamic behaviour International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Volume 95 2020 httpsdoiorg101016jijggc2019102945
First published extended pilot test results from RWE pilot plant ndash part of the ACT project ALIGN
But a much longer period of satisfactory operation with reclaiming (in this case ion exchange) would be required to derisk commercial deployment
httpswwwdraxcompress_releasenegative-emissions-pioneer-drax-and-leading-global-carbon-capture-
company-mitsubishi-heavy-industries-group-announce-new-beccs-pilot
24th June 2020
Drax Group and Mitsubishi Heavy
Industries Engineering Ltd part of
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Group
(MHI) have agreed a new bioenergy
with carbon capture and storage
(BECCS) pilot project at Drax Power
Station which will get underway this
autumn
The pilot will test MHIrsquos carbon capture
technology ndash marking another step on
Draxrsquos journey towards achieving its
world-leading ambition to be a carbon
negative company by 2030
MHIrsquos 12-month pilot will capture
around 300kg of CO2 a day for the
purpose of confirming its technologyrsquos
suitability for use with biomass flue
gases at Drax
Experience of coal pilot plant test duration
bull The Plant Barry pilot unit is an exception with respect to running hours (again because it is producing CO2 for a storage trial) with over 13000 hours by 2014
bull Test duration at the MHI 10 tpd Matsushima pilot unit was ~5000 hours of operation plus another 1000 hours to verify performance at high fly ash loadings1
bull The Fluor pilot unit at Wilhelmshaven was run for a total of ~7000 hours
bull The Shand unit was reported to have been contracted to Mitsubishi Hitachi for 8000 hours of testing
bull Other test programs (eg CCPilot100+ and Cansolv Aberthaw) were truncated prematurely due to changing commercial conditions
bull It is therefore expected to require 4000 - 6000 hours of operation in PCC pilot trials with a proposed solvent reclaimingmakeup approach and operational parameters to verify satisfactory solvent performance although a bad solvent (or solvent management approach) could be evident much earlier
bull RWE recently ran a non-commercial test for gt 1 year
bull But there is MUCH more data to be had from operating power plants ndash these will raise fundamental knowledge questions in areas that in pilot plants donrsquot even exist
A cautionary tale ndash fortunately not PCC
httpwwwpower-engcomarticles201410kemper-plant-costs-rise-an-additional-496m-due-to-startup-delays-brings-total-cost-to-6-1bhtmlcmpid=enl-E280A614
httpwwwmississippipowercomabout-energyplantskemper-county-energy-facilityfacts
Plant 582-megawatt electric power plantTechnology TRIGtrade Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)Location Kemper County Miss about 20 miles north of Meridian MissFuel Mississippi lignite approximately 47 million tons used per year
4 billion mineable tons available in Mississippi aloneCO2 capture At least 65 percent
ldquoThree factors that doomed Kemperrdquo 30 June 2017httpsspectrumieeeorgenergywiseenergyfossil-fuelsthe-three-factors-that-doomed-kemper-county-igcc
bull Complex technology was one of three critical factors dogging the IGCC
bull Perhaps more critical to the plantrsquos fate were ldquounknown startup operation and technology risksrdquo
bull 20 years ago a case could be made for IGCC Then came fracking
bull Initially the project was estimated to cost $22 billion cancelled at $66 billion
[PCC for coal and natural gas plants]
Southerns coal-fired power plants Miller in
Alabama and Daniel in Mississippi will be
included in the plan as well as Plant Ratcliffe
Southern said it chose Kemper County for the
study because of geology that may be able to
store hundreds of millions of metric tons of
carbon underground Burleson said The
geologic formations known as salt domes are
considered to be great places to store carbon
because they can trap the gas and prevent it
from coming back out of the ground he said
But the sound of it brings back bad memories
for Louie Miller director of the Sierra Clubs
Mississippi chapter which fervently opposed
the project for years
helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip
After Southern stopped all work on the
carbon-capture portion of Kemper which had
ballooned into a $75 billion project by June
2017 the company eventually wrote off the
proprietary technology planned at the site
known as transport integrated gasification
(TRIG) technology That ended hopes of
marketing and selling it to other utilities in the
US and elsewhere
httpswwweenewsnetstories1063448493
THURSDAY JUNE 25 2020 - 126 PMAtkins and Oslo Economics have today submitted the second quality assurance report (KS2) on the CO2 capture and storage project
Norcem will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the cement plant in Brevik while Fortum Oslo Varme will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the waste incineration plant at Klemetsrud
Equinor Shell and Total will store the CO2 under the seabed
According to the report total investments for the project are expected to be between NOK 129 and 171 billion in 2021 depending on whether it is decided to invest in one or two capture facilities
The associated operating costs for ten years of operation will be between NOK 57 and 80 billion
The measure is considered costly with an expected cost of NOK 25 billion [~$26 bn] in 2021 for a total of 10 years of investment and operation of two capture facilities transport with three vessels and storage with two wells including any decommissioning costs The state should take 80 percent of the bill
ldquoThe demonstration project can be socially economically viable given an ambitious climate policy that produces CO2 prices that are about ten times higher than todays quota prices There is considerable uncertainty on the utility side and the measure can therefore also prove to be considerably unprofitable Third-party financing is needed to secure subsequent facilities rdquothe report states
ldquoIt may be best to realize one capture project instead of two because it provides greater inventory volume available for other capture projects and because it reduces the cost without necessarily reducing the learning effects Norcems capture facility appears to be preferable to FOVs primarily due to lower life-cycle costs it further states
Energy Minister Tina Bru (H) has not concluded what she wants to do with the assessments in the report
httpswwwoedigitalcomnews479665-norway-s-carbon-capture-and-storage-project-estimated-to-cost-2-6b
Project costs being examined in Norway
httpsukccsrcacuk
open-access-carbon-
capture-and-storage-
at-karsto-norway
FEED report + gt200
supporting documents
available via
UKCCSRC web site
PLANT AERIAL
VIEW AND
LOCATION
TIE-IN TO EXISTING STACK
TECHNICAL amp COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
Masaki Iijima Tatsuto Nagayasu Takashi Kamijyo Shinya Kishimoto Shinsuke Nakatani Large-scale Carbon Dioxide Capture Demonstration Project at a Coal-fired Power Plant in the USA Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Technical Review Vol 49 No 1 (March 2012) httpwwwmhicojptechnologyreviewpdfe491e491037pdf
Run 2011-2015
OEM User Site name Size Approximate
dates
MHI EON NA 100 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
MHI Southern Plant Barry 500 tpd 2011-2015
Cansolv EON Heyden ~150 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
HTCDoosan SSE Ferrybridge 100 tpd 2011-2012
Cansolv RWE Aberthaw 50 tpd 2013
Fluor RWE Wilmhelmshaven 70 tpd 2012-2015
Mitsubishi Hitachi
(now also Cansolv)
SaskPower Shand 120 tpd 2015-2017
2018-
httpwwwcansolvcomrtecontentdocumentCO2Pilotplant2009pdfhttpswwwgovukgovernmentcase-studiescarbon-capture-project-case-studieshttpwwwrwecomwebcmsen2756rweinnovationpower-generationfossil-fired-power-plantsco2-removal-ukhttpwwwfluorcomprojectscarbon-capture-plant-design-buildhttpssequestrationmitedutoolsprojectsshandhtml
Summary of large pilot testing on coal power plants (to 2018)
Peter Moser Georg Wiechers Sandra Schmidt Juliana Garcia Moretz-SohnMonteiro Charithea Charalambous Susana Garcia Eva Sanchez FernandezResults of the 18-month test with MEA at the post-combustion capture pilot plant at Niederaussem ndash new impetus to solvent management emissions and dynamic behaviour International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Volume 95 2020 httpsdoiorg101016jijggc2019102945
First published extended pilot test results from RWE pilot plant ndash part of the ACT project ALIGN
But a much longer period of satisfactory operation with reclaiming (in this case ion exchange) would be required to derisk commercial deployment
httpswwwdraxcompress_releasenegative-emissions-pioneer-drax-and-leading-global-carbon-capture-
company-mitsubishi-heavy-industries-group-announce-new-beccs-pilot
24th June 2020
Drax Group and Mitsubishi Heavy
Industries Engineering Ltd part of
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Group
(MHI) have agreed a new bioenergy
with carbon capture and storage
(BECCS) pilot project at Drax Power
Station which will get underway this
autumn
The pilot will test MHIrsquos carbon capture
technology ndash marking another step on
Draxrsquos journey towards achieving its
world-leading ambition to be a carbon
negative company by 2030
MHIrsquos 12-month pilot will capture
around 300kg of CO2 a day for the
purpose of confirming its technologyrsquos
suitability for use with biomass flue
gases at Drax
Experience of coal pilot plant test duration
bull The Plant Barry pilot unit is an exception with respect to running hours (again because it is producing CO2 for a storage trial) with over 13000 hours by 2014
bull Test duration at the MHI 10 tpd Matsushima pilot unit was ~5000 hours of operation plus another 1000 hours to verify performance at high fly ash loadings1
bull The Fluor pilot unit at Wilhelmshaven was run for a total of ~7000 hours
bull The Shand unit was reported to have been contracted to Mitsubishi Hitachi for 8000 hours of testing
bull Other test programs (eg CCPilot100+ and Cansolv Aberthaw) were truncated prematurely due to changing commercial conditions
bull It is therefore expected to require 4000 - 6000 hours of operation in PCC pilot trials with a proposed solvent reclaimingmakeup approach and operational parameters to verify satisfactory solvent performance although a bad solvent (or solvent management approach) could be evident much earlier
bull RWE recently ran a non-commercial test for gt 1 year
bull But there is MUCH more data to be had from operating power plants ndash these will raise fundamental knowledge questions in areas that in pilot plants donrsquot even exist
A cautionary tale ndash fortunately not PCC
httpwwwpower-engcomarticles201410kemper-plant-costs-rise-an-additional-496m-due-to-startup-delays-brings-total-cost-to-6-1bhtmlcmpid=enl-E280A614
httpwwwmississippipowercomabout-energyplantskemper-county-energy-facilityfacts
Plant 582-megawatt electric power plantTechnology TRIGtrade Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)Location Kemper County Miss about 20 miles north of Meridian MissFuel Mississippi lignite approximately 47 million tons used per year
4 billion mineable tons available in Mississippi aloneCO2 capture At least 65 percent
ldquoThree factors that doomed Kemperrdquo 30 June 2017httpsspectrumieeeorgenergywiseenergyfossil-fuelsthe-three-factors-that-doomed-kemper-county-igcc
bull Complex technology was one of three critical factors dogging the IGCC
bull Perhaps more critical to the plantrsquos fate were ldquounknown startup operation and technology risksrdquo
bull 20 years ago a case could be made for IGCC Then came fracking
bull Initially the project was estimated to cost $22 billion cancelled at $66 billion
[PCC for coal and natural gas plants]
Southerns coal-fired power plants Miller in
Alabama and Daniel in Mississippi will be
included in the plan as well as Plant Ratcliffe
Southern said it chose Kemper County for the
study because of geology that may be able to
store hundreds of millions of metric tons of
carbon underground Burleson said The
geologic formations known as salt domes are
considered to be great places to store carbon
because they can trap the gas and prevent it
from coming back out of the ground he said
But the sound of it brings back bad memories
for Louie Miller director of the Sierra Clubs
Mississippi chapter which fervently opposed
the project for years
helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip
After Southern stopped all work on the
carbon-capture portion of Kemper which had
ballooned into a $75 billion project by June
2017 the company eventually wrote off the
proprietary technology planned at the site
known as transport integrated gasification
(TRIG) technology That ended hopes of
marketing and selling it to other utilities in the
US and elsewhere
httpswwweenewsnetstories1063448493
THURSDAY JUNE 25 2020 - 126 PMAtkins and Oslo Economics have today submitted the second quality assurance report (KS2) on the CO2 capture and storage project
Norcem will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the cement plant in Brevik while Fortum Oslo Varme will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the waste incineration plant at Klemetsrud
Equinor Shell and Total will store the CO2 under the seabed
According to the report total investments for the project are expected to be between NOK 129 and 171 billion in 2021 depending on whether it is decided to invest in one or two capture facilities
The associated operating costs for ten years of operation will be between NOK 57 and 80 billion
The measure is considered costly with an expected cost of NOK 25 billion [~$26 bn] in 2021 for a total of 10 years of investment and operation of two capture facilities transport with three vessels and storage with two wells including any decommissioning costs The state should take 80 percent of the bill
ldquoThe demonstration project can be socially economically viable given an ambitious climate policy that produces CO2 prices that are about ten times higher than todays quota prices There is considerable uncertainty on the utility side and the measure can therefore also prove to be considerably unprofitable Third-party financing is needed to secure subsequent facilities rdquothe report states
ldquoIt may be best to realize one capture project instead of two because it provides greater inventory volume available for other capture projects and because it reduces the cost without necessarily reducing the learning effects Norcems capture facility appears to be preferable to FOVs primarily due to lower life-cycle costs it further states
Energy Minister Tina Bru (H) has not concluded what she wants to do with the assessments in the report
httpswwwoedigitalcomnews479665-norway-s-carbon-capture-and-storage-project-estimated-to-cost-2-6b
Project costs being examined in Norway
httpsukccsrcacuk
open-access-carbon-
capture-and-storage-
at-karsto-norway
FEED report + gt200
supporting documents
available via
UKCCSRC web site
PLANT AERIAL
VIEW AND
LOCATION
TIE-IN TO EXISTING STACK
TECHNICAL amp COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
OEM User Site name Size Approximate
dates
MHI EON NA 100 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
MHI Southern Plant Barry 500 tpd 2011-2015
Cansolv EON Heyden ~150 tpd 2009 (planned
only)
HTCDoosan SSE Ferrybridge 100 tpd 2011-2012
Cansolv RWE Aberthaw 50 tpd 2013
Fluor RWE Wilmhelmshaven 70 tpd 2012-2015
Mitsubishi Hitachi
(now also Cansolv)
SaskPower Shand 120 tpd 2015-2017
2018-
httpwwwcansolvcomrtecontentdocumentCO2Pilotplant2009pdfhttpswwwgovukgovernmentcase-studiescarbon-capture-project-case-studieshttpwwwrwecomwebcmsen2756rweinnovationpower-generationfossil-fired-power-plantsco2-removal-ukhttpwwwfluorcomprojectscarbon-capture-plant-design-buildhttpssequestrationmitedutoolsprojectsshandhtml
Summary of large pilot testing on coal power plants (to 2018)
Peter Moser Georg Wiechers Sandra Schmidt Juliana Garcia Moretz-SohnMonteiro Charithea Charalambous Susana Garcia Eva Sanchez FernandezResults of the 18-month test with MEA at the post-combustion capture pilot plant at Niederaussem ndash new impetus to solvent management emissions and dynamic behaviour International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Volume 95 2020 httpsdoiorg101016jijggc2019102945
First published extended pilot test results from RWE pilot plant ndash part of the ACT project ALIGN
But a much longer period of satisfactory operation with reclaiming (in this case ion exchange) would be required to derisk commercial deployment
httpswwwdraxcompress_releasenegative-emissions-pioneer-drax-and-leading-global-carbon-capture-
company-mitsubishi-heavy-industries-group-announce-new-beccs-pilot
24th June 2020
Drax Group and Mitsubishi Heavy
Industries Engineering Ltd part of
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Group
(MHI) have agreed a new bioenergy
with carbon capture and storage
(BECCS) pilot project at Drax Power
Station which will get underway this
autumn
The pilot will test MHIrsquos carbon capture
technology ndash marking another step on
Draxrsquos journey towards achieving its
world-leading ambition to be a carbon
negative company by 2030
MHIrsquos 12-month pilot will capture
around 300kg of CO2 a day for the
purpose of confirming its technologyrsquos
suitability for use with biomass flue
gases at Drax
Experience of coal pilot plant test duration
bull The Plant Barry pilot unit is an exception with respect to running hours (again because it is producing CO2 for a storage trial) with over 13000 hours by 2014
bull Test duration at the MHI 10 tpd Matsushima pilot unit was ~5000 hours of operation plus another 1000 hours to verify performance at high fly ash loadings1
bull The Fluor pilot unit at Wilhelmshaven was run for a total of ~7000 hours
bull The Shand unit was reported to have been contracted to Mitsubishi Hitachi for 8000 hours of testing
bull Other test programs (eg CCPilot100+ and Cansolv Aberthaw) were truncated prematurely due to changing commercial conditions
bull It is therefore expected to require 4000 - 6000 hours of operation in PCC pilot trials with a proposed solvent reclaimingmakeup approach and operational parameters to verify satisfactory solvent performance although a bad solvent (or solvent management approach) could be evident much earlier
bull RWE recently ran a non-commercial test for gt 1 year
bull But there is MUCH more data to be had from operating power plants ndash these will raise fundamental knowledge questions in areas that in pilot plants donrsquot even exist
A cautionary tale ndash fortunately not PCC
httpwwwpower-engcomarticles201410kemper-plant-costs-rise-an-additional-496m-due-to-startup-delays-brings-total-cost-to-6-1bhtmlcmpid=enl-E280A614
httpwwwmississippipowercomabout-energyplantskemper-county-energy-facilityfacts
Plant 582-megawatt electric power plantTechnology TRIGtrade Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)Location Kemper County Miss about 20 miles north of Meridian MissFuel Mississippi lignite approximately 47 million tons used per year
4 billion mineable tons available in Mississippi aloneCO2 capture At least 65 percent
ldquoThree factors that doomed Kemperrdquo 30 June 2017httpsspectrumieeeorgenergywiseenergyfossil-fuelsthe-three-factors-that-doomed-kemper-county-igcc
bull Complex technology was one of three critical factors dogging the IGCC
bull Perhaps more critical to the plantrsquos fate were ldquounknown startup operation and technology risksrdquo
bull 20 years ago a case could be made for IGCC Then came fracking
bull Initially the project was estimated to cost $22 billion cancelled at $66 billion
[PCC for coal and natural gas plants]
Southerns coal-fired power plants Miller in
Alabama and Daniel in Mississippi will be
included in the plan as well as Plant Ratcliffe
Southern said it chose Kemper County for the
study because of geology that may be able to
store hundreds of millions of metric tons of
carbon underground Burleson said The
geologic formations known as salt domes are
considered to be great places to store carbon
because they can trap the gas and prevent it
from coming back out of the ground he said
But the sound of it brings back bad memories
for Louie Miller director of the Sierra Clubs
Mississippi chapter which fervently opposed
the project for years
helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip
After Southern stopped all work on the
carbon-capture portion of Kemper which had
ballooned into a $75 billion project by June
2017 the company eventually wrote off the
proprietary technology planned at the site
known as transport integrated gasification
(TRIG) technology That ended hopes of
marketing and selling it to other utilities in the
US and elsewhere
httpswwweenewsnetstories1063448493
THURSDAY JUNE 25 2020 - 126 PMAtkins and Oslo Economics have today submitted the second quality assurance report (KS2) on the CO2 capture and storage project
Norcem will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the cement plant in Brevik while Fortum Oslo Varme will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the waste incineration plant at Klemetsrud
Equinor Shell and Total will store the CO2 under the seabed
According to the report total investments for the project are expected to be between NOK 129 and 171 billion in 2021 depending on whether it is decided to invest in one or two capture facilities
The associated operating costs for ten years of operation will be between NOK 57 and 80 billion
The measure is considered costly with an expected cost of NOK 25 billion [~$26 bn] in 2021 for a total of 10 years of investment and operation of two capture facilities transport with three vessels and storage with two wells including any decommissioning costs The state should take 80 percent of the bill
ldquoThe demonstration project can be socially economically viable given an ambitious climate policy that produces CO2 prices that are about ten times higher than todays quota prices There is considerable uncertainty on the utility side and the measure can therefore also prove to be considerably unprofitable Third-party financing is needed to secure subsequent facilities rdquothe report states
ldquoIt may be best to realize one capture project instead of two because it provides greater inventory volume available for other capture projects and because it reduces the cost without necessarily reducing the learning effects Norcems capture facility appears to be preferable to FOVs primarily due to lower life-cycle costs it further states
Energy Minister Tina Bru (H) has not concluded what she wants to do with the assessments in the report
httpswwwoedigitalcomnews479665-norway-s-carbon-capture-and-storage-project-estimated-to-cost-2-6b
Project costs being examined in Norway
httpsukccsrcacuk
open-access-carbon-
capture-and-storage-
at-karsto-norway
FEED report + gt200
supporting documents
available via
UKCCSRC web site
PLANT AERIAL
VIEW AND
LOCATION
TIE-IN TO EXISTING STACK
TECHNICAL amp COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
Peter Moser Georg Wiechers Sandra Schmidt Juliana Garcia Moretz-SohnMonteiro Charithea Charalambous Susana Garcia Eva Sanchez FernandezResults of the 18-month test with MEA at the post-combustion capture pilot plant at Niederaussem ndash new impetus to solvent management emissions and dynamic behaviour International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Volume 95 2020 httpsdoiorg101016jijggc2019102945
First published extended pilot test results from RWE pilot plant ndash part of the ACT project ALIGN
But a much longer period of satisfactory operation with reclaiming (in this case ion exchange) would be required to derisk commercial deployment
httpswwwdraxcompress_releasenegative-emissions-pioneer-drax-and-leading-global-carbon-capture-
company-mitsubishi-heavy-industries-group-announce-new-beccs-pilot
24th June 2020
Drax Group and Mitsubishi Heavy
Industries Engineering Ltd part of
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Group
(MHI) have agreed a new bioenergy
with carbon capture and storage
(BECCS) pilot project at Drax Power
Station which will get underway this
autumn
The pilot will test MHIrsquos carbon capture
technology ndash marking another step on
Draxrsquos journey towards achieving its
world-leading ambition to be a carbon
negative company by 2030
MHIrsquos 12-month pilot will capture
around 300kg of CO2 a day for the
purpose of confirming its technologyrsquos
suitability for use with biomass flue
gases at Drax
Experience of coal pilot plant test duration
bull The Plant Barry pilot unit is an exception with respect to running hours (again because it is producing CO2 for a storage trial) with over 13000 hours by 2014
bull Test duration at the MHI 10 tpd Matsushima pilot unit was ~5000 hours of operation plus another 1000 hours to verify performance at high fly ash loadings1
bull The Fluor pilot unit at Wilhelmshaven was run for a total of ~7000 hours
bull The Shand unit was reported to have been contracted to Mitsubishi Hitachi for 8000 hours of testing
bull Other test programs (eg CCPilot100+ and Cansolv Aberthaw) were truncated prematurely due to changing commercial conditions
bull It is therefore expected to require 4000 - 6000 hours of operation in PCC pilot trials with a proposed solvent reclaimingmakeup approach and operational parameters to verify satisfactory solvent performance although a bad solvent (or solvent management approach) could be evident much earlier
bull RWE recently ran a non-commercial test for gt 1 year
bull But there is MUCH more data to be had from operating power plants ndash these will raise fundamental knowledge questions in areas that in pilot plants donrsquot even exist
A cautionary tale ndash fortunately not PCC
httpwwwpower-engcomarticles201410kemper-plant-costs-rise-an-additional-496m-due-to-startup-delays-brings-total-cost-to-6-1bhtmlcmpid=enl-E280A614
httpwwwmississippipowercomabout-energyplantskemper-county-energy-facilityfacts
Plant 582-megawatt electric power plantTechnology TRIGtrade Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)Location Kemper County Miss about 20 miles north of Meridian MissFuel Mississippi lignite approximately 47 million tons used per year
4 billion mineable tons available in Mississippi aloneCO2 capture At least 65 percent
ldquoThree factors that doomed Kemperrdquo 30 June 2017httpsspectrumieeeorgenergywiseenergyfossil-fuelsthe-three-factors-that-doomed-kemper-county-igcc
bull Complex technology was one of three critical factors dogging the IGCC
bull Perhaps more critical to the plantrsquos fate were ldquounknown startup operation and technology risksrdquo
bull 20 years ago a case could be made for IGCC Then came fracking
bull Initially the project was estimated to cost $22 billion cancelled at $66 billion
[PCC for coal and natural gas plants]
Southerns coal-fired power plants Miller in
Alabama and Daniel in Mississippi will be
included in the plan as well as Plant Ratcliffe
Southern said it chose Kemper County for the
study because of geology that may be able to
store hundreds of millions of metric tons of
carbon underground Burleson said The
geologic formations known as salt domes are
considered to be great places to store carbon
because they can trap the gas and prevent it
from coming back out of the ground he said
But the sound of it brings back bad memories
for Louie Miller director of the Sierra Clubs
Mississippi chapter which fervently opposed
the project for years
helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip
After Southern stopped all work on the
carbon-capture portion of Kemper which had
ballooned into a $75 billion project by June
2017 the company eventually wrote off the
proprietary technology planned at the site
known as transport integrated gasification
(TRIG) technology That ended hopes of
marketing and selling it to other utilities in the
US and elsewhere
httpswwweenewsnetstories1063448493
THURSDAY JUNE 25 2020 - 126 PMAtkins and Oslo Economics have today submitted the second quality assurance report (KS2) on the CO2 capture and storage project
Norcem will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the cement plant in Brevik while Fortum Oslo Varme will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the waste incineration plant at Klemetsrud
Equinor Shell and Total will store the CO2 under the seabed
According to the report total investments for the project are expected to be between NOK 129 and 171 billion in 2021 depending on whether it is decided to invest in one or two capture facilities
The associated operating costs for ten years of operation will be between NOK 57 and 80 billion
The measure is considered costly with an expected cost of NOK 25 billion [~$26 bn] in 2021 for a total of 10 years of investment and operation of two capture facilities transport with three vessels and storage with two wells including any decommissioning costs The state should take 80 percent of the bill
ldquoThe demonstration project can be socially economically viable given an ambitious climate policy that produces CO2 prices that are about ten times higher than todays quota prices There is considerable uncertainty on the utility side and the measure can therefore also prove to be considerably unprofitable Third-party financing is needed to secure subsequent facilities rdquothe report states
ldquoIt may be best to realize one capture project instead of two because it provides greater inventory volume available for other capture projects and because it reduces the cost without necessarily reducing the learning effects Norcems capture facility appears to be preferable to FOVs primarily due to lower life-cycle costs it further states
Energy Minister Tina Bru (H) has not concluded what she wants to do with the assessments in the report
httpswwwoedigitalcomnews479665-norway-s-carbon-capture-and-storage-project-estimated-to-cost-2-6b
Project costs being examined in Norway
httpsukccsrcacuk
open-access-carbon-
capture-and-storage-
at-karsto-norway
FEED report + gt200
supporting documents
available via
UKCCSRC web site
PLANT AERIAL
VIEW AND
LOCATION
TIE-IN TO EXISTING STACK
TECHNICAL amp COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
httpswwwdraxcompress_releasenegative-emissions-pioneer-drax-and-leading-global-carbon-capture-
company-mitsubishi-heavy-industries-group-announce-new-beccs-pilot
24th June 2020
Drax Group and Mitsubishi Heavy
Industries Engineering Ltd part of
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Group
(MHI) have agreed a new bioenergy
with carbon capture and storage
(BECCS) pilot project at Drax Power
Station which will get underway this
autumn
The pilot will test MHIrsquos carbon capture
technology ndash marking another step on
Draxrsquos journey towards achieving its
world-leading ambition to be a carbon
negative company by 2030
MHIrsquos 12-month pilot will capture
around 300kg of CO2 a day for the
purpose of confirming its technologyrsquos
suitability for use with biomass flue
gases at Drax
Experience of coal pilot plant test duration
bull The Plant Barry pilot unit is an exception with respect to running hours (again because it is producing CO2 for a storage trial) with over 13000 hours by 2014
bull Test duration at the MHI 10 tpd Matsushima pilot unit was ~5000 hours of operation plus another 1000 hours to verify performance at high fly ash loadings1
bull The Fluor pilot unit at Wilhelmshaven was run for a total of ~7000 hours
bull The Shand unit was reported to have been contracted to Mitsubishi Hitachi for 8000 hours of testing
bull Other test programs (eg CCPilot100+ and Cansolv Aberthaw) were truncated prematurely due to changing commercial conditions
bull It is therefore expected to require 4000 - 6000 hours of operation in PCC pilot trials with a proposed solvent reclaimingmakeup approach and operational parameters to verify satisfactory solvent performance although a bad solvent (or solvent management approach) could be evident much earlier
bull RWE recently ran a non-commercial test for gt 1 year
bull But there is MUCH more data to be had from operating power plants ndash these will raise fundamental knowledge questions in areas that in pilot plants donrsquot even exist
A cautionary tale ndash fortunately not PCC
httpwwwpower-engcomarticles201410kemper-plant-costs-rise-an-additional-496m-due-to-startup-delays-brings-total-cost-to-6-1bhtmlcmpid=enl-E280A614
httpwwwmississippipowercomabout-energyplantskemper-county-energy-facilityfacts
Plant 582-megawatt electric power plantTechnology TRIGtrade Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)Location Kemper County Miss about 20 miles north of Meridian MissFuel Mississippi lignite approximately 47 million tons used per year
4 billion mineable tons available in Mississippi aloneCO2 capture At least 65 percent
ldquoThree factors that doomed Kemperrdquo 30 June 2017httpsspectrumieeeorgenergywiseenergyfossil-fuelsthe-three-factors-that-doomed-kemper-county-igcc
bull Complex technology was one of three critical factors dogging the IGCC
bull Perhaps more critical to the plantrsquos fate were ldquounknown startup operation and technology risksrdquo
bull 20 years ago a case could be made for IGCC Then came fracking
bull Initially the project was estimated to cost $22 billion cancelled at $66 billion
[PCC for coal and natural gas plants]
Southerns coal-fired power plants Miller in
Alabama and Daniel in Mississippi will be
included in the plan as well as Plant Ratcliffe
Southern said it chose Kemper County for the
study because of geology that may be able to
store hundreds of millions of metric tons of
carbon underground Burleson said The
geologic formations known as salt domes are
considered to be great places to store carbon
because they can trap the gas and prevent it
from coming back out of the ground he said
But the sound of it brings back bad memories
for Louie Miller director of the Sierra Clubs
Mississippi chapter which fervently opposed
the project for years
helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip
After Southern stopped all work on the
carbon-capture portion of Kemper which had
ballooned into a $75 billion project by June
2017 the company eventually wrote off the
proprietary technology planned at the site
known as transport integrated gasification
(TRIG) technology That ended hopes of
marketing and selling it to other utilities in the
US and elsewhere
httpswwweenewsnetstories1063448493
THURSDAY JUNE 25 2020 - 126 PMAtkins and Oslo Economics have today submitted the second quality assurance report (KS2) on the CO2 capture and storage project
Norcem will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the cement plant in Brevik while Fortum Oslo Varme will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the waste incineration plant at Klemetsrud
Equinor Shell and Total will store the CO2 under the seabed
According to the report total investments for the project are expected to be between NOK 129 and 171 billion in 2021 depending on whether it is decided to invest in one or two capture facilities
The associated operating costs for ten years of operation will be between NOK 57 and 80 billion
The measure is considered costly with an expected cost of NOK 25 billion [~$26 bn] in 2021 for a total of 10 years of investment and operation of two capture facilities transport with three vessels and storage with two wells including any decommissioning costs The state should take 80 percent of the bill
ldquoThe demonstration project can be socially economically viable given an ambitious climate policy that produces CO2 prices that are about ten times higher than todays quota prices There is considerable uncertainty on the utility side and the measure can therefore also prove to be considerably unprofitable Third-party financing is needed to secure subsequent facilities rdquothe report states
ldquoIt may be best to realize one capture project instead of two because it provides greater inventory volume available for other capture projects and because it reduces the cost without necessarily reducing the learning effects Norcems capture facility appears to be preferable to FOVs primarily due to lower life-cycle costs it further states
Energy Minister Tina Bru (H) has not concluded what she wants to do with the assessments in the report
httpswwwoedigitalcomnews479665-norway-s-carbon-capture-and-storage-project-estimated-to-cost-2-6b
Project costs being examined in Norway
httpsukccsrcacuk
open-access-carbon-
capture-and-storage-
at-karsto-norway
FEED report + gt200
supporting documents
available via
UKCCSRC web site
PLANT AERIAL
VIEW AND
LOCATION
TIE-IN TO EXISTING STACK
TECHNICAL amp COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
Experience of coal pilot plant test duration
bull The Plant Barry pilot unit is an exception with respect to running hours (again because it is producing CO2 for a storage trial) with over 13000 hours by 2014
bull Test duration at the MHI 10 tpd Matsushima pilot unit was ~5000 hours of operation plus another 1000 hours to verify performance at high fly ash loadings1
bull The Fluor pilot unit at Wilhelmshaven was run for a total of ~7000 hours
bull The Shand unit was reported to have been contracted to Mitsubishi Hitachi for 8000 hours of testing
bull Other test programs (eg CCPilot100+ and Cansolv Aberthaw) were truncated prematurely due to changing commercial conditions
bull It is therefore expected to require 4000 - 6000 hours of operation in PCC pilot trials with a proposed solvent reclaimingmakeup approach and operational parameters to verify satisfactory solvent performance although a bad solvent (or solvent management approach) could be evident much earlier
bull RWE recently ran a non-commercial test for gt 1 year
bull But there is MUCH more data to be had from operating power plants ndash these will raise fundamental knowledge questions in areas that in pilot plants donrsquot even exist
A cautionary tale ndash fortunately not PCC
httpwwwpower-engcomarticles201410kemper-plant-costs-rise-an-additional-496m-due-to-startup-delays-brings-total-cost-to-6-1bhtmlcmpid=enl-E280A614
httpwwwmississippipowercomabout-energyplantskemper-county-energy-facilityfacts
Plant 582-megawatt electric power plantTechnology TRIGtrade Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)Location Kemper County Miss about 20 miles north of Meridian MissFuel Mississippi lignite approximately 47 million tons used per year
4 billion mineable tons available in Mississippi aloneCO2 capture At least 65 percent
ldquoThree factors that doomed Kemperrdquo 30 June 2017httpsspectrumieeeorgenergywiseenergyfossil-fuelsthe-three-factors-that-doomed-kemper-county-igcc
bull Complex technology was one of three critical factors dogging the IGCC
bull Perhaps more critical to the plantrsquos fate were ldquounknown startup operation and technology risksrdquo
bull 20 years ago a case could be made for IGCC Then came fracking
bull Initially the project was estimated to cost $22 billion cancelled at $66 billion
[PCC for coal and natural gas plants]
Southerns coal-fired power plants Miller in
Alabama and Daniel in Mississippi will be
included in the plan as well as Plant Ratcliffe
Southern said it chose Kemper County for the
study because of geology that may be able to
store hundreds of millions of metric tons of
carbon underground Burleson said The
geologic formations known as salt domes are
considered to be great places to store carbon
because they can trap the gas and prevent it
from coming back out of the ground he said
But the sound of it brings back bad memories
for Louie Miller director of the Sierra Clubs
Mississippi chapter which fervently opposed
the project for years
helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip
After Southern stopped all work on the
carbon-capture portion of Kemper which had
ballooned into a $75 billion project by June
2017 the company eventually wrote off the
proprietary technology planned at the site
known as transport integrated gasification
(TRIG) technology That ended hopes of
marketing and selling it to other utilities in the
US and elsewhere
httpswwweenewsnetstories1063448493
THURSDAY JUNE 25 2020 - 126 PMAtkins and Oslo Economics have today submitted the second quality assurance report (KS2) on the CO2 capture and storage project
Norcem will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the cement plant in Brevik while Fortum Oslo Varme will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the waste incineration plant at Klemetsrud
Equinor Shell and Total will store the CO2 under the seabed
According to the report total investments for the project are expected to be between NOK 129 and 171 billion in 2021 depending on whether it is decided to invest in one or two capture facilities
The associated operating costs for ten years of operation will be between NOK 57 and 80 billion
The measure is considered costly with an expected cost of NOK 25 billion [~$26 bn] in 2021 for a total of 10 years of investment and operation of two capture facilities transport with three vessels and storage with two wells including any decommissioning costs The state should take 80 percent of the bill
ldquoThe demonstration project can be socially economically viable given an ambitious climate policy that produces CO2 prices that are about ten times higher than todays quota prices There is considerable uncertainty on the utility side and the measure can therefore also prove to be considerably unprofitable Third-party financing is needed to secure subsequent facilities rdquothe report states
ldquoIt may be best to realize one capture project instead of two because it provides greater inventory volume available for other capture projects and because it reduces the cost without necessarily reducing the learning effects Norcems capture facility appears to be preferable to FOVs primarily due to lower life-cycle costs it further states
Energy Minister Tina Bru (H) has not concluded what she wants to do with the assessments in the report
httpswwwoedigitalcomnews479665-norway-s-carbon-capture-and-storage-project-estimated-to-cost-2-6b
Project costs being examined in Norway
httpsukccsrcacuk
open-access-carbon-
capture-and-storage-
at-karsto-norway
FEED report + gt200
supporting documents
available via
UKCCSRC web site
PLANT AERIAL
VIEW AND
LOCATION
TIE-IN TO EXISTING STACK
TECHNICAL amp COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
A cautionary tale ndash fortunately not PCC
httpwwwpower-engcomarticles201410kemper-plant-costs-rise-an-additional-496m-due-to-startup-delays-brings-total-cost-to-6-1bhtmlcmpid=enl-E280A614
httpwwwmississippipowercomabout-energyplantskemper-county-energy-facilityfacts
Plant 582-megawatt electric power plantTechnology TRIGtrade Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)Location Kemper County Miss about 20 miles north of Meridian MissFuel Mississippi lignite approximately 47 million tons used per year
4 billion mineable tons available in Mississippi aloneCO2 capture At least 65 percent
ldquoThree factors that doomed Kemperrdquo 30 June 2017httpsspectrumieeeorgenergywiseenergyfossil-fuelsthe-three-factors-that-doomed-kemper-county-igcc
bull Complex technology was one of three critical factors dogging the IGCC
bull Perhaps more critical to the plantrsquos fate were ldquounknown startup operation and technology risksrdquo
bull 20 years ago a case could be made for IGCC Then came fracking
bull Initially the project was estimated to cost $22 billion cancelled at $66 billion
[PCC for coal and natural gas plants]
Southerns coal-fired power plants Miller in
Alabama and Daniel in Mississippi will be
included in the plan as well as Plant Ratcliffe
Southern said it chose Kemper County for the
study because of geology that may be able to
store hundreds of millions of metric tons of
carbon underground Burleson said The
geologic formations known as salt domes are
considered to be great places to store carbon
because they can trap the gas and prevent it
from coming back out of the ground he said
But the sound of it brings back bad memories
for Louie Miller director of the Sierra Clubs
Mississippi chapter which fervently opposed
the project for years
helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip
After Southern stopped all work on the
carbon-capture portion of Kemper which had
ballooned into a $75 billion project by June
2017 the company eventually wrote off the
proprietary technology planned at the site
known as transport integrated gasification
(TRIG) technology That ended hopes of
marketing and selling it to other utilities in the
US and elsewhere
httpswwweenewsnetstories1063448493
THURSDAY JUNE 25 2020 - 126 PMAtkins and Oslo Economics have today submitted the second quality assurance report (KS2) on the CO2 capture and storage project
Norcem will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the cement plant in Brevik while Fortum Oslo Varme will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the waste incineration plant at Klemetsrud
Equinor Shell and Total will store the CO2 under the seabed
According to the report total investments for the project are expected to be between NOK 129 and 171 billion in 2021 depending on whether it is decided to invest in one or two capture facilities
The associated operating costs for ten years of operation will be between NOK 57 and 80 billion
The measure is considered costly with an expected cost of NOK 25 billion [~$26 bn] in 2021 for a total of 10 years of investment and operation of two capture facilities transport with three vessels and storage with two wells including any decommissioning costs The state should take 80 percent of the bill
ldquoThe demonstration project can be socially economically viable given an ambitious climate policy that produces CO2 prices that are about ten times higher than todays quota prices There is considerable uncertainty on the utility side and the measure can therefore also prove to be considerably unprofitable Third-party financing is needed to secure subsequent facilities rdquothe report states
ldquoIt may be best to realize one capture project instead of two because it provides greater inventory volume available for other capture projects and because it reduces the cost without necessarily reducing the learning effects Norcems capture facility appears to be preferable to FOVs primarily due to lower life-cycle costs it further states
Energy Minister Tina Bru (H) has not concluded what she wants to do with the assessments in the report
httpswwwoedigitalcomnews479665-norway-s-carbon-capture-and-storage-project-estimated-to-cost-2-6b
Project costs being examined in Norway
httpsukccsrcacuk
open-access-carbon-
capture-and-storage-
at-karsto-norway
FEED report + gt200
supporting documents
available via
UKCCSRC web site
PLANT AERIAL
VIEW AND
LOCATION
TIE-IN TO EXISTING STACK
TECHNICAL amp COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
httpwwwpower-engcomarticles201410kemper-plant-costs-rise-an-additional-496m-due-to-startup-delays-brings-total-cost-to-6-1bhtmlcmpid=enl-E280A614
httpwwwmississippipowercomabout-energyplantskemper-county-energy-facilityfacts
Plant 582-megawatt electric power plantTechnology TRIGtrade Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)Location Kemper County Miss about 20 miles north of Meridian MissFuel Mississippi lignite approximately 47 million tons used per year
4 billion mineable tons available in Mississippi aloneCO2 capture At least 65 percent
ldquoThree factors that doomed Kemperrdquo 30 June 2017httpsspectrumieeeorgenergywiseenergyfossil-fuelsthe-three-factors-that-doomed-kemper-county-igcc
bull Complex technology was one of three critical factors dogging the IGCC
bull Perhaps more critical to the plantrsquos fate were ldquounknown startup operation and technology risksrdquo
bull 20 years ago a case could be made for IGCC Then came fracking
bull Initially the project was estimated to cost $22 billion cancelled at $66 billion
[PCC for coal and natural gas plants]
Southerns coal-fired power plants Miller in
Alabama and Daniel in Mississippi will be
included in the plan as well as Plant Ratcliffe
Southern said it chose Kemper County for the
study because of geology that may be able to
store hundreds of millions of metric tons of
carbon underground Burleson said The
geologic formations known as salt domes are
considered to be great places to store carbon
because they can trap the gas and prevent it
from coming back out of the ground he said
But the sound of it brings back bad memories
for Louie Miller director of the Sierra Clubs
Mississippi chapter which fervently opposed
the project for years
helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip
After Southern stopped all work on the
carbon-capture portion of Kemper which had
ballooned into a $75 billion project by June
2017 the company eventually wrote off the
proprietary technology planned at the site
known as transport integrated gasification
(TRIG) technology That ended hopes of
marketing and selling it to other utilities in the
US and elsewhere
httpswwweenewsnetstories1063448493
THURSDAY JUNE 25 2020 - 126 PMAtkins and Oslo Economics have today submitted the second quality assurance report (KS2) on the CO2 capture and storage project
Norcem will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the cement plant in Brevik while Fortum Oslo Varme will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the waste incineration plant at Klemetsrud
Equinor Shell and Total will store the CO2 under the seabed
According to the report total investments for the project are expected to be between NOK 129 and 171 billion in 2021 depending on whether it is decided to invest in one or two capture facilities
The associated operating costs for ten years of operation will be between NOK 57 and 80 billion
The measure is considered costly with an expected cost of NOK 25 billion [~$26 bn] in 2021 for a total of 10 years of investment and operation of two capture facilities transport with three vessels and storage with two wells including any decommissioning costs The state should take 80 percent of the bill
ldquoThe demonstration project can be socially economically viable given an ambitious climate policy that produces CO2 prices that are about ten times higher than todays quota prices There is considerable uncertainty on the utility side and the measure can therefore also prove to be considerably unprofitable Third-party financing is needed to secure subsequent facilities rdquothe report states
ldquoIt may be best to realize one capture project instead of two because it provides greater inventory volume available for other capture projects and because it reduces the cost without necessarily reducing the learning effects Norcems capture facility appears to be preferable to FOVs primarily due to lower life-cycle costs it further states
Energy Minister Tina Bru (H) has not concluded what she wants to do with the assessments in the report
httpswwwoedigitalcomnews479665-norway-s-carbon-capture-and-storage-project-estimated-to-cost-2-6b
Project costs being examined in Norway
httpsukccsrcacuk
open-access-carbon-
capture-and-storage-
at-karsto-norway
FEED report + gt200
supporting documents
available via
UKCCSRC web site
PLANT AERIAL
VIEW AND
LOCATION
TIE-IN TO EXISTING STACK
TECHNICAL amp COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
ldquoThree factors that doomed Kemperrdquo 30 June 2017httpsspectrumieeeorgenergywiseenergyfossil-fuelsthe-three-factors-that-doomed-kemper-county-igcc
bull Complex technology was one of three critical factors dogging the IGCC
bull Perhaps more critical to the plantrsquos fate were ldquounknown startup operation and technology risksrdquo
bull 20 years ago a case could be made for IGCC Then came fracking
bull Initially the project was estimated to cost $22 billion cancelled at $66 billion
[PCC for coal and natural gas plants]
Southerns coal-fired power plants Miller in
Alabama and Daniel in Mississippi will be
included in the plan as well as Plant Ratcliffe
Southern said it chose Kemper County for the
study because of geology that may be able to
store hundreds of millions of metric tons of
carbon underground Burleson said The
geologic formations known as salt domes are
considered to be great places to store carbon
because they can trap the gas and prevent it
from coming back out of the ground he said
But the sound of it brings back bad memories
for Louie Miller director of the Sierra Clubs
Mississippi chapter which fervently opposed
the project for years
helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip
After Southern stopped all work on the
carbon-capture portion of Kemper which had
ballooned into a $75 billion project by June
2017 the company eventually wrote off the
proprietary technology planned at the site
known as transport integrated gasification
(TRIG) technology That ended hopes of
marketing and selling it to other utilities in the
US and elsewhere
httpswwweenewsnetstories1063448493
THURSDAY JUNE 25 2020 - 126 PMAtkins and Oslo Economics have today submitted the second quality assurance report (KS2) on the CO2 capture and storage project
Norcem will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the cement plant in Brevik while Fortum Oslo Varme will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the waste incineration plant at Klemetsrud
Equinor Shell and Total will store the CO2 under the seabed
According to the report total investments for the project are expected to be between NOK 129 and 171 billion in 2021 depending on whether it is decided to invest in one or two capture facilities
The associated operating costs for ten years of operation will be between NOK 57 and 80 billion
The measure is considered costly with an expected cost of NOK 25 billion [~$26 bn] in 2021 for a total of 10 years of investment and operation of two capture facilities transport with three vessels and storage with two wells including any decommissioning costs The state should take 80 percent of the bill
ldquoThe demonstration project can be socially economically viable given an ambitious climate policy that produces CO2 prices that are about ten times higher than todays quota prices There is considerable uncertainty on the utility side and the measure can therefore also prove to be considerably unprofitable Third-party financing is needed to secure subsequent facilities rdquothe report states
ldquoIt may be best to realize one capture project instead of two because it provides greater inventory volume available for other capture projects and because it reduces the cost without necessarily reducing the learning effects Norcems capture facility appears to be preferable to FOVs primarily due to lower life-cycle costs it further states
Energy Minister Tina Bru (H) has not concluded what she wants to do with the assessments in the report
httpswwwoedigitalcomnews479665-norway-s-carbon-capture-and-storage-project-estimated-to-cost-2-6b
Project costs being examined in Norway
httpsukccsrcacuk
open-access-carbon-
capture-and-storage-
at-karsto-norway
FEED report + gt200
supporting documents
available via
UKCCSRC web site
PLANT AERIAL
VIEW AND
LOCATION
TIE-IN TO EXISTING STACK
TECHNICAL amp COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
[PCC for coal and natural gas plants]
Southerns coal-fired power plants Miller in
Alabama and Daniel in Mississippi will be
included in the plan as well as Plant Ratcliffe
Southern said it chose Kemper County for the
study because of geology that may be able to
store hundreds of millions of metric tons of
carbon underground Burleson said The
geologic formations known as salt domes are
considered to be great places to store carbon
because they can trap the gas and prevent it
from coming back out of the ground he said
But the sound of it brings back bad memories
for Louie Miller director of the Sierra Clubs
Mississippi chapter which fervently opposed
the project for years
helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip
After Southern stopped all work on the
carbon-capture portion of Kemper which had
ballooned into a $75 billion project by June
2017 the company eventually wrote off the
proprietary technology planned at the site
known as transport integrated gasification
(TRIG) technology That ended hopes of
marketing and selling it to other utilities in the
US and elsewhere
httpswwweenewsnetstories1063448493
THURSDAY JUNE 25 2020 - 126 PMAtkins and Oslo Economics have today submitted the second quality assurance report (KS2) on the CO2 capture and storage project
Norcem will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the cement plant in Brevik while Fortum Oslo Varme will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the waste incineration plant at Klemetsrud
Equinor Shell and Total will store the CO2 under the seabed
According to the report total investments for the project are expected to be between NOK 129 and 171 billion in 2021 depending on whether it is decided to invest in one or two capture facilities
The associated operating costs for ten years of operation will be between NOK 57 and 80 billion
The measure is considered costly with an expected cost of NOK 25 billion [~$26 bn] in 2021 for a total of 10 years of investment and operation of two capture facilities transport with three vessels and storage with two wells including any decommissioning costs The state should take 80 percent of the bill
ldquoThe demonstration project can be socially economically viable given an ambitious climate policy that produces CO2 prices that are about ten times higher than todays quota prices There is considerable uncertainty on the utility side and the measure can therefore also prove to be considerably unprofitable Third-party financing is needed to secure subsequent facilities rdquothe report states
ldquoIt may be best to realize one capture project instead of two because it provides greater inventory volume available for other capture projects and because it reduces the cost without necessarily reducing the learning effects Norcems capture facility appears to be preferable to FOVs primarily due to lower life-cycle costs it further states
Energy Minister Tina Bru (H) has not concluded what she wants to do with the assessments in the report
httpswwwoedigitalcomnews479665-norway-s-carbon-capture-and-storage-project-estimated-to-cost-2-6b
Project costs being examined in Norway
httpsukccsrcacuk
open-access-carbon-
capture-and-storage-
at-karsto-norway
FEED report + gt200
supporting documents
available via
UKCCSRC web site
PLANT AERIAL
VIEW AND
LOCATION
TIE-IN TO EXISTING STACK
TECHNICAL amp COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
THURSDAY JUNE 25 2020 - 126 PMAtkins and Oslo Economics have today submitted the second quality assurance report (KS2) on the CO2 capture and storage project
Norcem will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the cement plant in Brevik while Fortum Oslo Varme will build a trapping plant that can capture about 400000 tonnes of CO2 per year from the waste incineration plant at Klemetsrud
Equinor Shell and Total will store the CO2 under the seabed
According to the report total investments for the project are expected to be between NOK 129 and 171 billion in 2021 depending on whether it is decided to invest in one or two capture facilities
The associated operating costs for ten years of operation will be between NOK 57 and 80 billion
The measure is considered costly with an expected cost of NOK 25 billion [~$26 bn] in 2021 for a total of 10 years of investment and operation of two capture facilities transport with three vessels and storage with two wells including any decommissioning costs The state should take 80 percent of the bill
ldquoThe demonstration project can be socially economically viable given an ambitious climate policy that produces CO2 prices that are about ten times higher than todays quota prices There is considerable uncertainty on the utility side and the measure can therefore also prove to be considerably unprofitable Third-party financing is needed to secure subsequent facilities rdquothe report states
ldquoIt may be best to realize one capture project instead of two because it provides greater inventory volume available for other capture projects and because it reduces the cost without necessarily reducing the learning effects Norcems capture facility appears to be preferable to FOVs primarily due to lower life-cycle costs it further states
Energy Minister Tina Bru (H) has not concluded what she wants to do with the assessments in the report
httpswwwoedigitalcomnews479665-norway-s-carbon-capture-and-storage-project-estimated-to-cost-2-6b
Project costs being examined in Norway
httpsukccsrcacuk
open-access-carbon-
capture-and-storage-
at-karsto-norway
FEED report + gt200
supporting documents
available via
UKCCSRC web site
PLANT AERIAL
VIEW AND
LOCATION
TIE-IN TO EXISTING STACK
TECHNICAL amp COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
httpsukccsrcacuk
open-access-carbon-
capture-and-storage-
at-karsto-norway
FEED report + gt200
supporting documents
available via
UKCCSRC web site
PLANT AERIAL
VIEW AND
LOCATION
TIE-IN TO EXISTING STACK
TECHNICAL amp COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
PLANT AERIAL
VIEW AND
LOCATION
TIE-IN TO EXISTING STACK
TECHNICAL amp COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
TIE-IN TO EXISTING STACK
TECHNICAL amp COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
TECHNICAL amp COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT KEY TO
USE OF HIGHER MEA
CONCENTRATIONS
SEMI-CONTINUOUS BATCH
RECLAIMING VENTING INTO
STRIPPER
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
STEAM SUPPLY amp USE OF AUXILIARY BOILER
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
bull Very low rank coal
bull Very low sulphur
bull Plant has no FGD
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash cheap solvent so able to tolerate the possibility of SOxand other impurities in the flue gas but this places an emphasis on effective reclaiming
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
CO2CRC Study Retrofitting an Australian Brown Coal Power Station With Post-Combustion Capture
Map httpworldweatherwmoint185c00434mhtm credited Courtesy Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section United Nations Reference Map No 4170 Rev4 January 2004
httpwwwco2crccomaupublication-categoryreports
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
Site visit photo 2 Nov 2017 Loy Yang A Unit 3
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
Brown Coal Retrofit Study PCC Capture System
bull Two PCC modules per 568 MW unit
bull 24 MtCO2yr capacity per module
bull DCC in the base of the absorber tower
bull Absorber - 15m diameter x 15m packed height
bull 190 MW reduction in net unit output BUTcan be rapidly restored
bull Estimated AUD 935 million CAPEX per module
bull AUD 24 to 60 million per year OPEX excluding energy
bull 40 ww MEA with continuous batch reclaiming ndash so open-access
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
Post-Combustion Capture (PCC) Process Flow DiagramBrown coal plant is fairly conventional but some special features are
(a) SOx removal in DCC (b) Stack gas heater at top of absorber (c) Continuous reclaimer
Reclaimer heat goes back to the stripper so small energy penalty
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
Layout for PCC retrofit on all four reference unitsbull Open stack
bull Connections at stack base need major attention
bull Treated flue gas vented at top of absorbers
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
Example Post-combustion solvent capture configurations for rapid startstop primary response
and general operational controllability and flexibility
Based on Gibbins J and Crane R Scope for reductions in the cost of CO2 capture using flue gas scrubbing with amine solvents Proc IMechE Vol 218
Part A J Power and Energy (2004) 231-239
Solvent storage is a simple concept to enhance PCC performance in real electricity markets but when it can be considered in the context of a realistic plant configuration many fundamental areas for investigation (and exploitation) are highlighted
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
376414
353 350 362 351 360
MEA 30wwAlstom BASF Fluor HTC MHI Cansolv
World BankPre-Feasibility Study for Establishing a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant in Mexico - Full-Scale Poza Rica NGCC PCC
Retrofit Incremental Electricity Cost ($MWh) for 85 CO2
Capture
Open-technology open-access is a key enabler for international partnerships especially for full-scale PCC projects as well as lab- and pilot-scale work
bull Why is CCUS different ndash only a few (5-10) big PCC projects globally over the next decade and then a huge increase in deployment mainly via retrofits to meet climate targets
bull No automatic access to information ndash cannot buy one to look at ndash customary for reports to redact all really useful information
bull So need to build a next phase of post-combustion (PCC) full-scale projects as open-technology (multiple solvents) with open-access (generic solvent) at least for an initial period
bull Open-access enables international knowledge exchange and strong commercial competition to reduce costs at all stages ndashfeasibility FEED EPC commissioning and initial operation
bull Gets much better value for government expenditure on deployment and RampD
bull Greatly increases the rate at which the field of PCC technologies will improve
bull Open-technology open-access PCC hardware is a fast track to deploy multiple innovations including through in-service upgrading
bull Can try out new solvents etc without building a new plant for every one
bull Plus critical information exchange in both directions with Mission Innovation and pilot testing eg ITCN ACT -Accelerating CCS Technologies
bull Relative costs for an open-technology open-access PCC from a study undertaken for the World Bank+ show overall incremental electricity costs for a range of proprietary PCC technology vendors similar and only marginally better than a first generation open-access solvent 30 ww MEA (2nd gen OA PCC solvents include 35-40 MEA or CESAR-1 (PZ+AMP))
httpsdualchallengenpcorgfilesCCUS20Topic20Paper20220text+coverpdf An open-technology and open-access post-combustion capture initiative for power plants in the USA wwwact-ccseu + httpswwwgobmxsenerendocumentospre-feasibility-study-for-establishing-a-carbon-capture-pilot-plant-in-mexicoidiom=en
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Study for World Bank found first generation generic solvent gave only slightly higher electricity costs than proprietary solvents for natural gas PCC retrofit
30 ww
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
International post-combustion capture retrofit workshop held in Sheffield 9-12 April 2019CCUS specialists from the UK CCS Research Centre and the University of Sheffieldrsquos PACT facilities together with Bechtel (US) TNO (NL) Test Centre Mongstad (Norway) and the Universities of Edinburgh and Leeds held an international workshop on post-combustion capture (PCC) retrofit Together with application experts from China Ireland South Africa and Thailand the workshop examined past open-access PCC studies and potential future practical applications from across the world
Series of workshops has continued hope to expand in the future
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)
CO2CRCBechtel Australia
Brown coal retrofit ndash 4 x
520MW
httpwwwco2crccomauwp-
contentuploads201810Retrofitting_Australian_Power_Station_with_PCCpdf
ETI NGCC project Download final project report from this link httpswwweticoukprogrammescarbon-
capture-storagethermal-power-with-ccssize=10ampfrom=0amp_type=eti-
documentamppublicOnly=falseampquery=final+project+reportampprogrammeName5B05D=Carbon
+Capture+and+StorageampprojectName5B05D=Thermal+Power+with+CCS
Karsto NGCC project httppublikasjonernvenoreport2007report2007_02pdf
Full FEED on UKCCSRC web site
httpsukccsrcacukopen-access-carbon-capture-and-storage-at-karsto-norway
Ireland NGCC project Under development ndash see httpwwwerviaiebusiness-developmentcarbon-capture-storage
IEAGHG PH433 ndash a conceptual study on natural gas and coal but quite detailed including for the
capture plant httpsieaghgorgdocsGeneral_DocsReportsPH4-
3320post20combustionpdf
Canada CCS Knowledge Centre Shand retrofit
httpsccsknowledgecomresources2nd-generation
Mexico Posa Rica Nexant study
httpswwwnetldoegovFile20LibraryEvents2016c0220cap20review1-MondayH-Lu-
Nexant-NGCC-Applications-in-Mexicopdf + full details in final Mexico World Bank project
report httpswwwgobmxcmsuploadsattachmentfile107318CCPP_Final_Reportpdf
Netherlands ROAD Maasvlakte
httpsccsnetworkeuprojectsroad-project-rotterdam
DTIDECCBEIS FEED studies httpswwwgovukgovernmentcollectionscarbon-capture-and-storage-knowledge-sharing
Some PCC deployment studies (not all open-access)