Inside 3D Printing – Santa Clara Copyright 2014 by Wohlers Associates, Inc.

The Myths, Misconceptions, The Myths, Misconceptions, and Challenges ofand Challenges of

Additive ManufacturingAdditive Manufacturing

October 22, 2014 • Santa Clara, California

Note:Note:Many images have been removed from this Many images have been removed from this

presentation because permission was presentation because permission was not granted to distribute them. Other not granted to distribute them. Other

elements of these slides may also elements of these slides may also differ from those presented.differ from those presented.

Tipping point and AM Tipping point and AM wildfirewildfire

Next 40 minutesNext 40 minutesCommon Common mythsmyths and misconceptionsand misconceptions

ChallengesChallenges the industry is facingthe industry is facing

TerminologyTerminologyadditive manufacturingadditive manufacturing 3D printing3D printingformal standardformal standardtechnical mediatechnical mediascientific communityscientific community

de facto standardde facto standardmainstream mediamainstream mediaeveryone elseeveryone else

Terms are used Terms are used interchangeablyinterchangeablyGoogle: Google: 192M192MGoogle: Google: 5.6M5.6M

The The TippingTipping PointPoint

Moment Moment when an idea when an idea or trend or trend crossescrosses a a

threshold and threshold and spreads like wildfirespreads like wildfire

AM: AM: Q3 2012Q3 2012

WhatWhat ignitedignited the AM wildfire?the AM wildfire?

LowLow--costcost 3D printers3D printers

HighHigh--endend applicationsapplicationsConfusionConfusion between the twobetween the two

3D3D--printed printed gunsguns

Continued Continued growthgrowth: : 32.2% CAGR past 3 yrs32.2% CAGR past 3 yrs

Inside 3D Printing – Santa Clara Copyright 2014 by Wohlers Associates, Inc.

Is AM over Is AM over hypedhyped??

Sent: 10/14/2014 9:34:40 AMSent: 10/14/2014 9:34:40 AMSubject: quick questionSubject: quick question

Mr. Wohlers, Mr. Wohlers,

My condo complex needs to replace some aging My condo complex needs to replace some aging concrete "bricks" (for lack of a better word). The concrete "bricks" (for lack of a better word). The bricks are no longer being manufactured. Am I off bricks are no longer being manufactured. Am I off base in thinking we could base in thinking we could use 3D printing to help use 3D printing to help replicate the current bricksreplicate the current bricks at a suitable price? I have at a suitable price? I have no idea how to get started on such a project. Please no idea how to get started on such a project. Please point me in the right direction.point me in the right direction.

Myth: systems and Myth: systems and materials are materials are inexpensiveinexpensive

MakiBoxMakiBox

$200$200 €€1.4M1.4M

Plastics (industrial): Plastics (industrial): 5353––104x104x more expensivemore expensivePlastics (desktop): Plastics (desktop): 55––35x35x more expensivemore expensive

Myth: just as inexpensive to Myth: just as inexpensive to build build one part at a timeone part at a time

Economy of scaleEconomy of scale

AlmostAlmost anythinganything

size of holes and internal channelssize of holes and internal channelswall thickness supports/anchorswall thickness supports/anchors

Courtesy of Morris TechnologiesCourtesy of Morris Technologies

Myth: you can make Myth: you can make anything anything with AMwith AM

Myth:Myth: everyoneeveryone own and operate a own and operate a generalgeneral--purpose 3D printer?purpose 3D printer?

Source: Ian Campbell, Loughborough UniversitySource: Ian Campbell, Loughborough University

writepresent

communicatecalculate

listen to musicorganize picturesmaintain records

research

Inside 3D Printing – Santa Clara Copyright 2014 by Wohlers Associates, Inc.

ChallengesChallengesCreativeCreative design solutionsdesign solutions

DesignDesign methods methods and toolsand tools

Part consolidationPart consolidationTopology optimizationTopology optimization

Lattice/mesh structuresLattice/mesh structuresRepeatabilityRepeatability

ReliabilityReliability

Industry standardsIndustry standards

Other Other challengeschallenges

SummarySummaryInterest in AMInterest in AM——an allan all--time time highhigh

Design and redesign is Design and redesign is vitalvital

Many Many mythsmyths and misconceptionsand misconceptions

AM is overly AM is overly hypedhyped

Many Many challengeschallenges to overcometo overcomewohlerswohlersassociates.comassociates.com