Inside Wireless Voice and Data

Net@Edu Wireless Networking Meeting

Kamal AnandVP Marketing

Kamal@merunetworks.com

2

Agenda

Overview of Different Wireless Technologies► Why 802.11 WLAN is the one for indoor

Special Requirements for 802.11 in University Deployments

► How these are getting addressed

Different Applications for Wireless► Replacement for Wired► Voice, Video over Wireless

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Company Background

Founded in Feb, 2002

Funded by seven leading Venture Capital Firms

Headquartered in Sunnyvale, CA

Ujjal Kohli, Chairman, CEO and Founder► VP/GM, AirTouch Cellular (Acquired by Vodafone)

► McKinsey & Co, Intel (engineering & marketing)

► Founder, MKS Ventures ($50m

Dr. Vaduvur Bharghavan, CTO and Founder► Ph.D. EECS, UC Berkeley – thesis in 802.11

► 10 years in wireless research and establishing 802.11 standards

► Over 40 publications and patents on 802.11

► Founder, Chairman and CTO, Bytemobile

► Program Chair ACM Mobicom 2002, NSF Young Investigator 1996

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Wireless Standards

PAN

WAN

MAN

LAN

IEEE 802.15Bluetooth

IEEE 802.11WirelessLAN

IEEE 802.21

IEEE 802.16WirelessMAN

IEEE 802.20(proposed)

IEEE 802.16e WirelessMAN

Focus of Discussion

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Bluetooth Applications

Bluetooth technology► Designed for personal

area networking (PAN)► Short-range, Low Power

Products► Cellular phones► Headsets► PDAs► Keyboards and mice

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WiMAX Applications Metropolitan area network

(MAN) technology- Connection-oriented- QoS- Line of sight and non-

line of sight

Based on IEEE 802.16 and ETSI HIPERMAN standards

Applications► Last-mile broadband

access► DSL and cable

modem alternative► Hotspot (inter 802.11)

connectivity

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Why is 802.11 the Winning Indoor Technology?

50 million clients today, + 50 million this year Dramatic cost decreases due to volume Clients are “free” Available at multiple locations – homes,

hotspots, office, cities, … Given adoption, R&D will fix any remaining

issues with technology

802.11 is to Wireless Communications What the x86 was to Computing and

What Ethernet was to Networking

802.11 is to Wireless Communications What the x86 was to Computing and

What Ethernet was to Networking

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Wireless LAN Evolution

Number of Clients and Coverage

Applications

Products /Technology

• Email, Web

• Stand-aloneAccess Points

Stand Alone Multi-site

• Email, Web from different locations

• Centralized security and management

• High Density, Application QoS, Transparent mobility

• Voice and Data• Business applications• Primary connectivity

Pervasive

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WLAN Product EvolutionS

ervi

ces

2000-01 2002-3 2003-4

Cisco 350Proxim/Agere

LinksysBasic

Connectivity

Cisco 350Proxim/Agere

LinksysBasic

Connectivity

Cisco 1200+SWAN+ some startups

+ …Gen 1 +

Central MgntSecurity

Cisco 1200+SWAN+ some startups

+ …Gen 1 +

Central MgntSecurity

MeruGen 2 +

RF CoordinationHigh Density

QoSZero Handoff

MeruGen 2 +

RF CoordinationHigh Density

QoSZero Handoff

Stand-alone

Coordinated AP’sand Central Appliance

Aggregated AP’s

1st Generation 2nd Generation 3rd Generation

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University Environment Has Special Requirements For WLANs High Density of Users

► in Class Rooms, Library, Common Areas

Very Mobile and “Leading-Edge” User Community► Students – don’t have one “office”; Faculty – moving around► Want to leverage new capabilities in mobile data, voice, video,

collaboration …

Security► Semi-autonomous organizational/administrative domains► Access By Different Classes of Users

► Students, Faculty, Administrators, Guests

Budgets Constrained – Well this is common!

802.11 Not Designed To Address Some of These Requirements

802.11 Not Designed To Address Some of These Requirements

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Key Requirements WLANs

SecuritySecurity

Easy Deployment & Management

Easy Deployment & Management

Transparent MobilityTransparent Mobility

High DensityHigh Density

QoSQoS 5x Number of Voice Calls

5X Number of Active Users

0X Loss-less Handoff

MeruAir Traffic Control

Technology

With Standard WiFi Clients

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802.11 Was Not Designed for DensityBut Problem Can Be Solved

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Tot

al B

andw

idth

at

Pea

k (M

bps) 5

8

11

1

3

Baseband + Protocol Overhead

ContentionLoss

ContentionLoss

Today’s APPerformance

Meru AP Performance

Active Users Per AP

Today Meru

10-20

100+

5X5X

Number of Active Users

Peak Aggregate Throughput in Single Cell Environment

5X5X

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5.5/11Mbps

CS

Re

ce

ive

Sig

na

l

1Mbps

Distance

Cellsize

Collision Domain

Interferencedomain

Interference Range Is Much Larger

Than Communications Range

Effective Client Density Higher Due to Contention Across Cells

1

Floor 1Floor 1

1

611

1

…. Causing Contention Across Cells

11

6111

111

Floor 2Floor 2

16

11

1

116

111

111

6

11

16

1 1

X X

X

X

X

Floor 1

Channel planning no use; same channel one cell away

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• Unpredictable channel access, latency, jitter

• AP gets proportional share of channel as one of the clients

No over-the-air QoS

• Predictable channel access, latency, jitter

• AP gets the right amount of channel access (50%)

MS

I D

5.56

2

6

4

8

10

12

5.36 5.38 5.4 5.44 5.46 5.48 5.5 5.52 5.545.42

Channel Access with Meru AP for QoS

Time (Sec)

Over-the-air QoS

Dealing with QoS / Real-time Applications on 802.111

5.46 5.48 5.5 5.52 5.54 5.56Time (Sec)

Channel Access with Today’s 802.11 APChannel Access with Today’s 802.11 AP

2

6

4

8

10

12

5.36 5.38 5.4 5.445.42

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Today’s APProprietary Client

Today’s APStandard Client

Meru APStandard Client

With Right Over-the-Air QoS, 802.11 Can Support Voice and Video at Scale

Dynamic mix of voiceand data on same channels

Typically on separatechannels/network

30+

7-10< 5

5X5X

AP

No over-the-air

QoS Wired QoS

Wired QoS

Over-the-air QoS

Meru AP

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Handoff Provides Challenge for VoiceNeed Infrastructure Controlled Handoff

300ms – 1 sec between handoff

Today’s WLAN Meru WLAN

Virtual AP Architecture

Zero-handoff with no loss

BSSID = ZZ BSSID = ZZ

00:00

BSSID = XX BSSID = YY

01:00

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WEP TKIP WPA VPN

Web 802.1x + EAP VPN

Rogue Device Detection and Mitigation

Sufficient Security Available Today

En

cryp

tio

n

Authentication

Detection

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Virtual WLANs Over Same Physical WLAN – Advantages in Universities

Multiple ESSIDs ► Guest VLAN

Administrative Control Can Remain at Existing Levels

Configure policies independently:

► Primary/Secondary RADIUS► Authentication methods ► Encryption policies ► DHCP servers ► Bandwidth Provisioning ► QoS policies

Accounting Per Group

Layer 2/3

Radius

DHCP

ESSID = Engg= VLAN2

2 3

ESSID= Guest Access = VLAN 5

ESSID = Faculty= VLAN3

ESSID =Business-school= VLAN 4

Switch

VLAN 2 3 4

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Deployment and Management …. Becoming Easy Centralized Control and

Management

No static frequency planning

Plug and Play Deployment for Access Points

Appropriate Channels, Power Levels Set Automatically

Controller

Switched/RoutedCorporate Network

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New WLANs Have Simple Deployment Architecture

Floor 2Floor 2

Floor 1Floor 1

Data CenterData Center

Backbone

Virtual APVirtual AP

AP

AP

Meru Controller

AP Access Points and Controller Connected Using Existing Wired Switches

Can use existing 802.1x authentication via PEAP, EAP-TLS, LEAP

Simple, Scalable, Cost-Effective

Leverage Existing Wired Investments

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Applications

Replacement of Wired Ethernet► Class Rooms, Dorms, Common Areas

Voice over WLAN► Service to Users► Revenue Generator

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Unwiring is the Future

School of Business, Initially Looked to Deploy Wired Ethernet in Classroom at Cost of Approx $40-50K

► new switch, wiring, labor

With Predictable 802.11 Network Able to Deal with High Density, Deployed Wireless Network at Cost Savings of 70%

Incremental Classrooms Can be Deployed at Cost-savings of 80%

Provide Improved Service, Applications, MobilityProvide Improved Service, Applications, Mobility+

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Why Voice Over Wireless LAN?Compelling Business Case

Lower wiring costs for data and voice

Total BenefitsOf WLANs that

carry Voice + Data

Lower costs for computer moves,

adds, changes (MAC)

ProductivityImprovement from

on-campus voice mobility

Voice ServicesTo

Students

Email, Web access

Mobility

Benefits from WLANs

TotalBenefits

of Data-only WLANs

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Industry Moving to Support Enterprise Voice over WiFi

Wireless Built-into Compute Devices

Laptops PDAs

VoIP Has Achieved Momentum

IP phone lines > Traditional Lines in 2003

60% growth in VoIP in 2002

Good Quality & Features Available in Softphones

Laptops, Desktops PDAs

802.11 Voice Devices Coming to Market

802.11 only Phones Dual mode (Cellular, WiFi) Custom devices

Source: In-Stat 5/03; Dell’Oro 7/03

EnterpriseNetwork Infrastructure

EnterpriseNetwork Infrastructure

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Why Don’t We See Much More Widespread Deployment Today?

1. Not Many Handsets Available

2. Handsets are Expensive

3. Wi-Fi Infrastructure Does Not Support Enterprise-Grade Voice

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Wi-Fi Phones Becoming Available

and Cost-Effective

About 10+ WiFi Phones in market in 2004

Dual mode (WiFi and Cellular in the market in 2H, 2004)

Overall solution pricing and choices becoming very attractive

Price Decline of WiFi Phone

0100200300400500600700800

2002 2003 2004 2005

$ P

er

Phone

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Dartmouth College, NH

Dartmouth College, NH, is converging voice, video and data onto its wireless IP network

Students can make local and long distance calls free anywhere on campus using IP SoftPhones on their Windows PCs.

Reduced cost and improved communication

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Darthmouth College - Applications

"No one wants to plug in anymore," says Brad Noblet, the school's director of technical services. About 90% of Dartmouth's freshmen arrived with wireless-enabled laptops.

"We've found new ways for professors to teach students and new ways for students to interact, not just with their professors, but amongst themselves and outside people as well," says Noblet. "Students will be able to

watch TV on one window, check e-mail on another, and do homework on a third," Noblet explains. "We want to converge media to deliver that content over a common infrastructure."

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Voice / Messaging Over WLANRight Communication Paradigm Service Can Be Offered for “Free” to Users

► Improve Service-level to Students► Differentiating Factor for University► Improved Quality of Life

Or Can be Revenue-Generating Offering► Offered in Partnership with Service Provider► Simple economic calculation:

10,000 Students

X $10 / Mo Profit

9 Months Per Year

~ $1M Contribution /

Year

~ $1M Contribution /

YearX =

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Summary 802.11-based WLANs Is the Accepted

Indoor Wireless Technology Technical Challenges To Address Some Limitations,

Especially in University Settings, are Getting Addressed

► Security and management are not the key problems anymore

Integration with WAN Technologies Will Happen Over This Year and Next

The Right WLAN Infrastructure Can be Leveraged To Reduce Costs, Improve Service and Increase Funding!

Thank You

Net@Edu Wireless Networking Meeting

Kamal AnandVP Marketing

Kamal@merunetworks.com