Insect love songs: how the social environment influences mating behavior
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Adult acoustic experience influences reproductive behavior more than does juvenile experience in female field crickets Elizabeth Swanger, Marlene Zuk University of Minnesota Graduate Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior [email protected] August 5, 2014
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My presentation for the 2014 meeting of the International Society for Behavioral Ecology.
Transcript of Insect love songs: how the social environment influences mating behavior
Adult acoustic experience
influences reproductive behavior
more than does juvenile
experience in female field cricketsElizabeth Swanger, Marlene Zuk
University of Minnesota
Graduate Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior
August 5, 2014
miracleofnature.org
Greg Rhodes
Alexander Wild
slenderocean on Flickr
miracleofnature.org
BRIGHTER BIGGER
FASTER LOUDER
less bright smaller
slower quieter
Jennions & Petrie 1997, Biol Rev 72: 283
The social environment
influences mating behavior
Kasumovic & Brooks 2011, Quart Rev Biol 83: 181. Fowler-Finn & Rodriguez 2011, J Evol Biol 66: 459.
Females often attend to the quantity and
attractiveness of signaling males and adjust their
mating thresholds and preferences accordingly.
Social environment, mate choice
plasticity, and selection
selection
social
environment
responses
to sexual
signals
Timescale of phenotypic
plasticity
Bill Hubick; Wikimedia Commons; Michael Hrabar1Marler 1970. J Comp Phys Psych Monogr 71: 1. 2Sheehan & Tibbetts 2011. Science 334: 1272.
CRITICAL WINDOW1 FIXED DURING
DEVELOPMENT
FLEXIBLE THROUGHOUT
ADULTHOOD2
Social environment, mate choice
plasticity, and selection
Is reproductive behavior fixed based on
experiences during development?
Does it remain flexible throughout adulthood?
What are the relative roles of the juvenile and adult
social environments in adult females’ responses to
sexual signals?
The Pacific field cricket
(Teleogryllus oceanicus)
Tinghitella et al. 2011. J Evol Biol 24: 1199.
Acoustic sexual signals in T.
oceanicus
Zuk et al. 2008. Anim Behav 76: 1065.
CALLING SONG
Long-distance attractor
Long chirp followed by
short chirps
COURTSHIP SONG
Short-range
More variable, long and
short chirps
Females accept or reject
Social experience during
development and adulthood
http://www.sardi.sa.gov.au/
Juvenile experience influences
responses to sexual signals
Bailey & Zuk 2008. Proc B 275: 1651.
♬♪♫♫
Mating experience influences
responses to subsequent mates
Rebar et al. 2011. Behav Ecol 22: 303.
Females previously mated to males with nonpreferred
courtship songs exhibit stronger preferences in favor of their
next mate, regardless of his attractiveness.
Time to remate (1/t)Spermatophore
retention (min)
Juvenile acoustic experience
influences responses to signals
Mating experience influences
responses to subsequent mates
WHEN DOES SOCIAL
EXPERIENCE MATTER MORE?
Factorial design:
Stage x acoustic environment
Song Song
No Song Song
Song No Song
No Song No Song
Juvenile
environment
Adult
environment Responsiveness to calling song
♬
♬
♬
♬
Factorial design:
Stage x acoustic environment
Song Song
No Song Song
Song No Song
No Song No Song
Juvenile
environment
Adult
environment Responsiveness to calling song
♬
♬
♬
♬
Factorial design:
Stage x acoustic environment
Song Song
No Song Song
Song No Song
No Song No Song
Juvenile
environment
Adult
environment Responsiveness to calling song
♬
♬
♬
♬
Adult exposure to song reduces
contact with speaker
Adult environment:
p = 0.001
Juvenile environment:
p = 0.07
Juvenile Environment:
No Song
Juvenile Environment:
Song
Adult song exposure increases
time to contact speaker
Juvenile Environment:
No Song
Adult environment:
p = 0.046
Juvenile environment:
p > 0.20
Juvenile Environment:
Song
Adult song exposure increases
distance settled from speaker
Juvenile Environment:
No Song
Juvenile Environment:
Song
Adult environment:
p = 0.024
Juvenile environment:
p > 0.70
What is the timescale of plasticity
in reproductive behavior?
Pet Solutions Pet Care Corner; Brian Robin
What are the relative roles of juvenile and adult
social experience in determining female
responses to sexual signals?
Behavioral shifts should track
demographic shifts
Time (days)1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
BJSmit on Flickr; miracleofnature.org
Social environment, mate choice
plasticity, and selection
selection
social
environment
responses
to sexual
signals
Plasticity in mating behavior may
have facilitated rapid evolution
Wikimedia Commons, Nathan Bailey
selection
social
environment
responses
to sexual
signals
Plasticity in mating behavior may
have facilitated rapid evolution
Kauai
Hawaii
Maui
Molokai
Oahu
>90%
~0-10%
~50%
How ELSE does behavior
influence evolution?
Roaming Romeos:
evolution in silence
selects for male crickets
with increased exploratory
behaviors.
Dr. Susan Balenger
Assembly Hall
12:20-12:40
THANK YOU!
Committee: Mark Bee, Emilie Snell-Rood,
Marla Spivak, Dave Stephens
Zuk Lab: Susan Balenger, Beth Bastiaans,
Justa Heinen-Kay, and small horde of
undergrads, especially Patrick O’Hare and
Paul Swim
UMN Graduate Program in Ecology,
Evolution, and Behavior especially Sarah
Jaumann, Virginia Heinen, and Mike Wells
Friends and Family
You!
Funding Sources:
