INP Cases TM

8/17/2019 INP Cases TM

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G.R. No. L-78325 January 25, 1990

DEL MONTE CORPORATON an! P"LPPNE PAC#NG CORPORATON, $%&'&'on%r(,

)(.

CO*RT O+ APPEAL an! *N"NE A*CE MAN*+ACT*RNG ND*TRE, r%($on!%n&(.

'&o, M'(a Lo/a!a or $%&'&'on%r(.

R%yna!o +. 'n(on or $r')a&% r%($on!%n&.

CR*, J.4

T% $%&'&'on%r( ar% 6u%(&'on'n &% !%'('on o &% r%($on!%n& our& u$o!'n &% !'('((a y &% &r'a our& o&%'r o$a'n& aa'n(& &% $r')a&% r%($on!%n& or 'nr'n%%n& o &ra!%ar: an! una'r o$%&'&'on.

P%&'&'on%r D% Mon&% Cor$ora&'on '( a or%'n o$any oran'/%! un!%r &% a;( o &% *n'&%! &a&%( an! no&%na%! 'n u('n%(( 'n &% P''$$'n%(. o& &% P''$$'n%( an! &% *n'&%! &a&%( ar% ('na&or'%( &o &% Con)%n&'ono Par'( o %$&%%r 27, 19


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P%&'&'on%r P''$$'n% Pa:'n Cor$ora&'on >P'$a:? '( a !o%(&' or$ora&'on !uy oran'/%! un!%r &% a;( o &%P''$$'n%(. On A$r' 11, 19


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+ur&%ror%, &% o$a'nan&( a! a'%! &o %(&a'( &% !%%n!an&( a'% or a! a'&, ;' ;a( an %((%n&'a%%%n& o 'nr'n%%n& o &ra!%ar: or una'r o$%&'&'on. 7

T'( !%'('on ;a( a@r%! 'n &o&o y &% r%($on!%n& our&, ;' '( no; au&%! 'n &'( $%&'&'on or %r&'orar' un!%rRu% 5 o &% Ru%( o Cour&.

%&'on 22 o R.A. No. 1


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(u oo!;', or ;o (a o'& any a&( aua&%! &o $ro!u% (a'! r%(u&, (a % u'&y o una'r o$%&'&'on,an! (a % (u=%& &o an a&'on &%r%or.

n $ar&'uar, an! ;'&ou& 'n any ;ay ''&'n &% (o$% o una'r o$%&'&'on, &% oo;'n (a % !%%%! u'&y o una'r o$%&'&'on4

>a? Any $%r(on, ;o 'n (%'n '( oo!( (a ')% &% &% %n%ra a$$%aran% o oo!( o ano&%ranua&ur%r or !%a%r, %'&%r a( &o &% oo!( &%(%)%( or 'n &% ;ra$$'n o &% $a:a%( 'n ;' &%y ar%on&a'n%!, or &% !%)'%( or ;or!( &%r%on, or 'n any o&%r %a&ur% o &%'r a$$%aran%, ;' ;ou! ':%y 'nu%n%$ura(%r( &o %'%)% &a& &% oo!( oF%r%! ar% &o(% o a anua&ur%r or !%a%r o&%r &an &% a&uaanua&ur%r or !%a%r, or ;o o&%r;'(% o&%( &% oo!( ;'& (u a$$%aran% a( (a !%%')% &% $u' an!!%rau! ano&%r o '( %'&'a&% &ra!%, or any (u(%6u%n& )%n!or o (u oo!( or any a%n& o any )%n!or

%na%! 'n (%'n (u oo!( ;'& a ':% $ur$o(%

>? Any $%r(on ;o y any ar&'%, or !%)'%, or ;o %$oy( ay o&%r %an( aua&%! &o 'n!u% &% a(%%'% &a& (u $%r(on '( oF%r'n &% (%r)'%( o ano&%r ;o a( '!%n&'%! (u (%r)'%( 'n &% 'n! o &% $u'or

>? Any $%r(on ;o (a a:% any a(% (&a&%%n& 'n &% our(% o &ra!% or ;o (a o'& any o&%r a&on&rary &o oo! a'& o a na&ur% aua&%! &o !'(r%!'& &% oo!(, u('n%(( or (%r)'%( o ano&%r.

To arr')% a& a $ro$%r r%(ou&'on o &'( a(%, '& '( '$or&an& &o %ar 'n 'n! &% oo;'n !'(&'n&'on( %&;%%n'nr'n%%n& o &ra!%ar: an! una'r o$%&'&'on.

>1? nr'n%%n& o &ra!%ar: '( &% unau&or'/%! u(% o a &ra!%ar:, ;%r%a( una'r o$%&'&'on '( &% $a(('noF o on%( oo!( a( &o(% o ano&%r.


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>2? n 'nr'n%%n& o &ra!%ar: rau!u%n& 'n&%n& '( unn%%((ary ;%r%a( 'n una'r o$%&'&'on rau!u%n& 'n&%n&'( %((%n&'a.

>3? n 'nr'n%%n& o &ra!%ar: &% $r'or r%'(&ra&'on o &% &ra!%ar: '( a $r%r%6u'('&% &o &% a&'on, ;%r%a( 'nuna'r o$%&'&'on r%'(&ra&'on '( no& n%%((ary. 8

n &% a%n%! !%'('on, &% r%($on!%n& our& '&%! &% oo;'n &%(& a'! !o;n y &'( Cour& 'n a nu%r oa(%(4

n !%&%r'n'n ;%&%r &;o &ra!%ar:( ar% onu('ny (''ar, &% &;o ar:( 'n &%'r %n&'r%&y a( &%y a$$%ar 'n &%r%($%&')% a%( u(& % on('!%r%! 'n r%a&'on &o &% oo!( &o ;' &%y ar% a&&a%! &% !'(%rn'n %y% o &%o(%r)%r u(& ou( no& ony on &% $r%!orn'nan& ;or!( u& a(o on &% o&%r %a&ur%( a$$%ar'n on o& a%(. 9

an! a$$y'n &% (a%, %! &a& &%r% ;a( no oora% ''&a&'on o &% $%&'&'on%r( &ra!%ar: an! oo y &%$r')a&% r%($on!%n&. T% r%($on!%n& our& ar%%! ;'& &% n!'n( o &% &r'a our& &a&4

n or!%r &o r%(o)% &% (a'! '((u%, &% Cour& no; a&&%$&( &o a:% a o$ar'(on o &% &;o $ro!u&(, &o ;'&4

1. A( &o &% (a$% o a% or a:%4

D% Mon&%4 %'-r%&anuar ;'& a ro;n or &oa&o (a$% !%('n on &o$ o &% r%&an%.

un('n%4 R%uar r%&an%.

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2. A( &o ran! $r'n&%! on a%4

D% Mon&%4 Toa&o a&(u$ ar:.

un('n%4 +ru'& a&(u$.

3. A( &o &% ;or!( or %&&%r'n on a% or ar:4

D% Mon&%4 C%ary 'n!'a&%! ;or!( $a:%! y y(u n&%rna&'ona, n., K.C., P''$$'n%(.

un('n%4 un('n% ru'& a&(u$ '( %ary 'n!'a&%! Ba!% 'n &% P''$$'n%( y un('n% au% Manua&ur'nn!u(&r'%(B No. 1 D% Mon&% A)%nu%, Maaon, M%&ro Man'a.

. A( &o oor o oo4

D% Mon&%4 Co'na&'on o y%o; an! !ar: r%!, ;'& ;or!( BD% Mon&% Kua'&yB 'n ;'&%.

un('n%4 '&%, '& r%%n an! '& r%!, ;'& ;or!( Bun('n% ran!B 'n y%o;.

5. A( &o (a$% o oo4

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D% Mon&%4 n &% (a$% o a &oa&o.

un('n%4 En&'r%y !'F%r%n& 'n (a$%.


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or!'nary uy%r !o%( no& u(uay a:% (u (ru&'ny nor !o%( % u(uay a)% &% &'% &o !o (o. T% a)%ra%(o$$%r '( u(uay 'n a urry an! !o%( no& 'n($%& %)%ry $ro!u& on &% (% a( ' % ;%r% ro;('n 'n a 'rary.%r% &% ou(%;'% a( &o r%&urn o% a( (oon a( $o(('% &o %r ay or &% ;or:'n ;oan a( &o a:% 6u':$ura(%( !ur'n %r oF our(, (% '( a$& &o % onu(%! y (''ar a%( %)%n ' &%y !o a)% 'nu&% !'F%r%n%(.

T% a% (o$$%r '( ;or(% a( % u(uay !o%( no& o&%r aou& (u !'(&'n&'on(.

T% 6u%(&'on '( no& ;%&%r &% &;o ar&'%( ar% !'(&'nu'(a% y &%'r a% ;%n (%& ('!% y ('!% u& ;%&%r &%%n%ra onu('on a!% y &% ar&'% u$on &% %y% o &% a(ua $ura(%r ;o '( un(u($''ou( an! oF '( uar!, '((u a( &o ':%y r%(u& 'n '( onoun!'n '& ;'& &% or''na. 11 A( o(%r)%! 'n (%)%ra a(%(, &% %n%ra'$r%(('on o &% or!'nary $ura(%r, uy'n un!%r &% noray $r%)a%n& on!'&'on( 'n &ra!% an! ')'n &%a&&%n&'on (u $ura(%r( u(uay ')% 'n uy'n &a& a(( o oo!( '( &% &ou(&on%. 12

& a( %%n %! &a& 'n a:'n $ura(%(, &% on(u%r u(& !%$%n! u$on '( r%o%&'on o &% a$$%aran% o&% $ro!u& ;' % 'n&%n!( &o $ura(%. 13 T% uy%r a)'n 'n 'n! &% ar:a% o &% r%($on!%n& u(& r%yu$on '( %ory o &% $%&'&'on%r( ar:. 1 *n':% &% =u!% ;o a( a$% &'% &o 'nu&%y %a'n% &% a%( 'n6u%(&'on 'n &% oor& o '( (aa, &% or!'nary (o$$%r !o%( no& %n=oy &% (a% o$$or&un'&y.

A nu%r o our&( a)% %! &a& &o !%&%r'n% ;%&%r a &ra!%ar: a( %%n 'nr'n%!, ;% u(& on('!%r &%ar: a( a ;o% an! no& a( !'((%&%!. &% uy%r '( !%%')%!, '& '( a&&r'u&a% &o &% ar:( a( a &o&a'&y, no&u(uay &o any $ar& o '&. 15 T% our& &%r%or% (ou! % u'!%! y '&( r(& '$r%(('on, 1< or a uy%r a&( 6u':yan! '( o)%rn%! y a a(ua an%, &% )au% o ;' ay % !'(('$a&%! a( (oon a( &% our& a((u%( &o anay/%

ar%uy &% r%($%&')% %a&ur%( o &% ar:. 17

& a( a(o %%n %! &a& '& '( no& &% un&'on o &% our& 'n a(%( o 'nr'n%%n& an! una'r o$%&'&'on &o%!ua&% $ura(%r( u& ra&%r &o &a:% &%'r ar%%((n%(( or ran&%!, an! &o % %)%r on('ou( o &% a& &a& ar:(n%%! no& % '!%n&'a. A onu('n (''ar'&y ;' =u(&'y &% 'n&%r)%n&'on o %6u'&y. 18 T% =u!% u(& a(o % a;ar%o &% a& &a& u(uay a !%%n!an& 'n a(%( o 'nr'n%%n& !o%( no& noray o$y u& a:%( ony oora%an%(. 19 % a( '& %%n (a'! &a& &% o(& (u%((u or o o$y'n '( &o %$oy %nou $o'n&( o (''ar'&y&o onu(% &% $u' ;'& %nou $o'n&( o !'F%r%n% &o onu(% &% our&(. 20

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% a(o no&% &a& &% r%($on!%n& our& a'%! &o &a:% 'n&o on('!%ra&'on (%)%ra a&or( ;' (ou! a)% aF%&%!'&( onu('on, &o ;'&4 a%, &ra'n'n an! %!ua&'on o &% u(ua $ura(%r, &% na&ur% an! o(& o &% ar&'%, ;%&%r&% ar&'% '( ou& or '%!'a&% on(u$&'on an! a(o &% on!'&'on( un!%r ;' '& '( u(uay $ura(%! . 21

Aon &%(%, ;a& %((%n&'ay !%&%r'n%( &% a&&'&u!% o &% $ura(%r, ($%'ay '( 'n'na&'on &o % au&'ou(, '(&% o(& o &% oo!(. To % (ur%, a $%r(on ;o uy( a o o an!'%( ;' no& %%r'(% a( u ar% a( on% ;ouy( an %$%n(')% ;a&. A( a %n%ra ru%, an or!'nary uy%r !o%( no& %%r'(% a( u $ru!%n% 'n uy'n anar&'% or ;' % $ay( a %; %n&a)o( a( % !o%( 'n $ura('n a or% )aua% &'n. 22 E$%n(')% an! )aua%'&%( ar% noray ou& ony a&%r !%'%ra&%, o$ara&')% an! anay&'a 'n)%(&'a&'on. u& a(( $ro!u&(, o;$r'%! ar&'%( 'n ;'!% u(%, an! a&&%r( o %)%ry!ay $ura(% r%6u'r'n r%6u%n& r%$a%%n& ar% ou& y &%a(ua on(u%r ;'&ou& r%a& ar%. 23 n &'( a&&%r a&%ory '( a&(u$.

A& &a&, %)%n ' &% a%( ;%r% anay/%! &o%&%r '& '( no& !'@u& &o (%% &a& &% un('n% a% '( a oora%

''&a&'on o &% D% Mon&% &ra!%ar:. T% $r%!o'nan& oor( u(%! 'n &% D% Mon&% a% ar% r%%n an! r%!-oran%,&% (a% ;'& un('n%. T% ;or! Ba&(u$B 'n o& o&&%( '( $r'n&%! 'n ;'&% an! &% (&y% o &% $r'n&%&&%r '( &%(a%. A&ou &% oo o un('n% '( no& a &oa&o, &% ur% n%)%r&%%(( a$$ro'a&%( &a& o a &oa&o.

A( $r%)'ou(y (&a&%!, &% $%r(on ;o 'nr'n%( a &ra!% ar: !o%( no& noray o$y ou& u& ony a:%( oora%an%(, %$oy'n %nou $o'n&( o (''ar'&y &o onu(% &% $u' ;'& %nou $o'n&( o !'F%r%n%( &o onu(%&% our&(. a& '( un!%n'a% '( &% a& &a& ;%n a anua&ur%r $r%$ar%( &o $a:a% '( $ro!u&, % a( %or%' a oun!%(( o'% o ;or!(, $ra(%(, oor( an! (yo( (u@'%n& &o !'(&'nu'( '( $ro!u& ro &% o&%r(.%n a( 'n &'( a(%, un('n% o(%, ;'&ou& a r%a(ona% %$ana&'on, &o u(% &% (a% oor( an! %&&%r( a( &o(%

u(%! y D% Mon&% &ou &% %! o '&( (%%&'on ;a( (o roa!, &% 'n%)'&a% onu('on '( &a& '& ;a( !on%!%'%ra&%y &o !%%')% . 2

& a( %%n a$&y o(%r)%! &a& &% u&'a&% ra&'o 'n a(%( o ra)% !ou& '( &% ru% &a& a( %&;%%n a n%;o%r;o y &% onu('on a( no&'n &o o(% an! %)%ry&'n &o a'n an! on% ;o y on%(& !%a'n a( ar%a!ya'%)%! a)or ;'& &% $u', any !ou& (ou! % r%(o)%! aa'n(& &% n%;o%r 'na(u a( &% %! ro;' % an (%%& a !%('ra% &ra!%ar: &o 'n!'a&% &% or''n o '( $ro!u& '( o)'ou(y a ar% on%. 25

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Co'n no; &o &% (%on! '((u%, ;% n! &a& &% $r')a&% r%($on!%n& '( no& u'&y o 'nr'n%%n& or a)'n u(%!&% D% Mon&% o&&%. T% r%a(on '( &a& &% onura&'on o &% (a'! o&&% ;a( %r%y r%'(&%r%! 'n &%u$$%%n&a R%'(&%r. n &% a(% o Lor%n/ana ). Maaa, 2< ;% !%ar%! &a&4

>1? R%'(&ra&'on 'n &% Pr'n'$a R%'(&%r ')%( r'(% &o a $r%(u$&'on o &% )a'!'&y o &% r%'(&ra&'on, &%r%'(&ran&( o;n%r('$ o &% ar: an! '( r'& &o &% %u(')% u(% &%r%o. T%r% '( no (u $r%(u$&'on 'n &%r%'(&ra&'on 'n &% u$$%%n&a R%'(&%r.

>2? R%'(&ra&'on 'n &% Pr'n'$a R%'(&%r '( ''&%! &o &% a&ua o;n%r o &% &ra!%ar: an! $ro%%!'n( &%r%'non &% '((u% o o;n%r('$ ;' ay % on&%(&%! &rou o$$o('&'on or 'n&%r%r%n% $ro%%!'n( or, a&%rr%'(&ra&'on, 'n a $%&'&'on or an%a&'on.

R%'(&ra&'on 'n &% Pr'n'$a R%'(&%r '( on(&ru&')% no&'% o &% r%'(&ran&( a' o o;n%r('$, ;'% r%'(&ra&'on 'n&% u$$%%n&a R%'(&%r '( %r%y $roo o a&ua u(% o &% &ra!%ar: an! no&'% &a& &% r%'(&ran& a( u(%! ora$$ro$r'a&%! '&. & '( no& (u=%& &o o$$o('&'on a&ou '& ay % an%%! a&%r &% '((uan%. Coroar'y,r%'(&ra&'on 'n &% Pr'n'$a R%'(&%r '( a a('( or an a&'on or 'nr'n%%n& ;'% r%'(&ra&'on 'n &% u$$%%n&aR%'(&%r '( no&.

>3? n a$$'a&'on( or r%'(&ra&'on 'n &% Pr'n'$a R%'(&%r, $u'a&'on o &% a$$'a&'on '( n%%((ary. T'( '( no&(o 'n a$$'a&'on( or r%'(&ra&'on( 'n &% u$$%%n&a R%'(&%r.

& an % 'n%rr%! ro &% or%o'n &a& a&ou D% Mon&% a( a&ua u(% o &% o&&%( onura&'on, &%$%&'&'on%r( anno& a' %u(')% u(% &%r%o %au(% '& a( no& %%n r%'(&%r%! 'n &% Pr'n'$a R%'(&%r. "o;%)%r,;% n! &a& un('n%, !%($'&% &% any o'%( a)a'a% &o '& an! no&;'&(&an!'n &a& &% au&'on BD% Mon&%Cor$ora&'on, No& &o % R%%!B ;a( %o((%! on &% o&&%, (&' o$&%! &o u(% &% $%&'&'on%r( o&&% &o ar:%& a

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$ro!u& ;' P'$a: a(o $ro!u%(. T'( %ary (o;( &% $r')a&% r%($on!%n&( a! a'& an! '&( 'n&%n&'on &oa$'&a'/% on &% a&&%r( r%$u&a&'on an! oo!;' an! $a(( oF '&( o;n $ro!u& a( &a& o D% Mon&%.

T% Cour& o(%r)%( &a& &% r%a(on( ')%n y &% r%($on!%n& our& 'n r%(o)'n &% a(% 'n a)or o un('n% ar%un&%na%. +'r(&, '& !%ar%! &a& &% r%'(&ra&'on o &% un('n% a% %'%! &% o$any( a''ou( 'n&%n& &o''&a&% $%&'&'on%r( $ro!u&. %on!, '& %! &a& &% un('n% a% ;a( no& '$ro$%r %au(% &% ur%au o Pa&%n&$r%(uay on('!%r%! o&%r &ra!%ar:( %or% a$$ro)'n '&. T'r!, '& '&%! &% a(% o % Co. ). n(uarP%&ro%u, 27 ;%r% &'( Cour& !%ar%! &a& (%'n o' 'n on&a'n%r( o ano&%r ;'& ar:'n( %ra(%!, ;'&ou& 'n&%n&&o !%%')%, ;a( no& una'r o$%&'&'on.

R%ar!'n &% a& o r%'(&ra&'on, '& '( &o % no&%! &a& &% un('n% a% ;a( r%'(&%r%! no& 'n &% Pr'n'$aR%'(&%r u& ony 'n &% u$$%%n&a R%'(&%r ;%r% &% $r%(u$&'on o &% )a'!'&y o &% &ra!%ar:, &%

r%'(&ran&( o;n%r('$ o &% ar: an! '( r'& &o '&( %u(')% u(% ar% a a(%n&.

An%n& &% a((u$&'on &a& &% ur%au o Pa&%n& a! on('!%r%! o&%r %'(&'n $a&%n&(, '& '( r%'&%ra&%! &a& ('n%r%'(&ra&'on ;a( ony 'n &% u$$%%n&a R%'(&%r, &'( !'! no& )%(& &% r%'(&ran& ;'& &% %u(')% r'& &o u(% &%a% nor !'! '& ')% r'(% &o &% $r%(u$&'on o &% )a'!'&y o &% r%'(&ra&'on.

On &% aru%n& &a& no una'r o$%&'&'on ;a( o'&&%!, &% % Ca(% '( no& on a our( ;'& &% a(% a& ar%au(%4

>1? n %, &% a(%n% o 'n&%n& &o !%%')% ;a( (u$$or&%! y &% a& &a& &% r%($on!%n& &%r%'n, %or%ar:%&'n '&( $ro!u&, &o&ay o'&%ra&%! an! %ra(%! &% ran!(ar: o &% !'F%r%n& o$an'%( (&%n'%! on &%on&a'n%r( &%r%o, %%$& or a ('n% '(oa&%! &ran(a&'on. T% r%($on!%n& 'n &% $r%(%n& a(% a!% no (''ar%For&.

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>2? n %, ;a& ;a( 'n)o)%! ;a( a ('n% '(oa&%! &ran(a&'on. O &% any !ru( u(%!, &%r% ;a( ony on%on&a'n%r ;%r% &% % a% ;a( no& %ra(%!, ;'% 'n &% a(% a& an!, &% r%($on!%n& a!'&&%! &a& '& a!% u(%o (%)%ra D% Mon&% o&&%( an! ;'&ou& o'&%ra&'n &% %o((%! ;arn'n.

>3? n %, &% $ro!u& o r%($on!%n& ;a( (o! &o !%a%r(, no& &o u&'a&% on(u%r(. A( a %n%ra ru%, !%a%r(ar% ;% a6ua'n&%! ;'& &% anua&ur%r ro ;o &%y a:% &%'r $ura(%( an! ('n% &%y ar% or%%$%r'%n%!, &%y anno& % (o %a('y !%%')%! ':% &% 'n%$%r'%n%! $u'. T%r% ay ;% % (''ar'&'%( an!''&a&'on( ;' !%%')% a, u& %n%ray &% 'n&%r%(&( o &% !%a%r( ar% no& r%ar!%! ;'& &% (a% (o''&u!% a(ar% &% 'n&%r%(&( o &% or!'nary on(u%r. +or '& '( &% or 'n ;' &% ;ar%( o% &o &% na uy%r &a& '( o('n'an%. 28

A( un('n%( a% '( an 'nr'n%%n& o &% D% Mon&%( &ra!%ar:, a; an! %6u'&y a or &% an%a&'on o &%

$r')a&% r%($on!%n&( r%'(&ra&'on an! ;'&!ra;a o a '&( $ro!u&( %ar'n &% 6u%(&'on%! a% ro &% ar:%&.'& r%ar! &o &% u(% o D% Mon&%( o&&%, &% (a% on(&'&u&%( una'r o$%&'&'on %n%, &% r%($on!%n& (ou!% $%ran%n&y %n=o'n%! ro &% u(% o (u o&&%(.

T% our& u(& ru%, o;%)%r, &a& &% !aa% $ray%! or anno& % ran&%! %au(% &% $%&'&'on%r a( no&$r%(%n&%! %)'!%n% &o $ro)% &% aoun& &%r%o. %&'on 23 o R.A. No. 1


13/73

T% o$a'n'n $ar&y, u$on $ro$%r (o;'n ay a(o % ran&%! 'n=un&'on.

+or&una&%y or &% $%&'&'on%r(, &%y ay (&' n! (o% (a oor& 'n Ar&. 2222 o &% C')' Co!%, ;' $ro)'!%(4

Ar&. 2222. T% our& ay a;ar! no'na !aa%( 'n %)%ry o'a&'on ar'('n ro any (our% %nu%ra&%! 'n Ar&.1157, or 'n %)%ry a(% ;%r% any $ro$%r&y r'& a( %%n 'n)a!%!.

Aor!'ny, &% Cour& an ony a;ar! &o &% $%&'&'on%r(, a( '& %r%y !o%( a;ar!, no'na !aa%( 'n &% aoun&o P,000.00.

"ERE+ORE, &% $%&'&'on '( GRANTED. T% !%'('on o &% Cour& o A$$%a( !a&%! D%%%r 2, 198< an! &%R%(ou&'on !a&%! A$r' 27,1987, ar% REIERED an! ET ADE an! a n%; =u!%n& '( %r%y r%n!%r%!4

>1? Can%'n &% $r')a&% r%($on!%n&( C%r&'a&% o R%'(&%r No. R-2? Pro''&'n &% $r')a&% r%($on!%n& ro u('n &% %$&y o&&%( o &% $%&'&'on%r( a( on&a'n%r( or '&( o;n$ro!u&(.

>3? Or!%r'n &% $r')a&% r%($on!%n& &o $ay &% $%&'&'on%r( no'na !aa%( 'n &% aoun& o P,000.00, an! &%o(&( o &% (u'&.

O ORDERED.

13


14/73

G.R. No. 10353 Juy 5, 1993

AA REER, NC., $%&'&'on%r,

)(.

T"E "ON. CO*RT O+ APPEAL an! AN MG*EL CORPORATON, r%($on!%n&(.

1


15/73

Aa! an&o( A((o'a&%( an! y'$, aa/ar, "%rnan!%/ Ga&a'&an or $%&'&'on%r.

Roo, una, #a$unan La; O@% or $r')a&% r%($on!%n&.

GRO-AK*NO, J.4

On %$&%%r 15, 1988, an M'u% Cor$ora&'on >MC? %! a o$a'n& aa'n(& A('a r%;%ry n. >A? or'nr'n%%n& o &ra!%ar: an! una'r o$%&'&'on on aoun& o &% a&&%r( EER PALE PLEN or EER NA EER

$ro!u& ;' a( %%n o$%&'n ;'& MC( AN MG*EL PALE PLEN or a (ar% o &% oa %%r ar:%&. >anM'u% Cor$ora&'on )(. A('a r%;%ry n., C'). Ca(%. No. 5'&

D')'('on o$o(%! o Ju(&'% Jo(% C. Ca$o(, Jr., a'ran an! $on%n&%, an! Ju(&'%( I%nan'o D. A!%oa Jr. an!+'%on ". M%n!o/a, a( %%r(? r%)%r(%! &% &r'a our&. T% !'($o('&')% $ar& o &% !%'('on r%a!( a( oo;(4

n &% '& o &% or%o'n anay('( an! un!%r &% $a'n anua% o &% a$$'a% ru% an! $r'n'$% on &% a&&%r,% n! &% !%%n!an& A('a r%;%ry nor$ora&%! G*LT o 'nr'n%%n& o &ra!%ar: an! una'r o$%&'&'on. T%!%'('on o &% &r'a our& '( %r%y REIERED, an! a n%; =u!%n& %n&%r%! 'n a)or o &% $a'n&'F an! aa'n(& &%!%%n!an& a( oo;(4

15


16/73

>1? T% !%%n!an& A('a r%;%ry n. '&( o@%r(, a%n&(, (%r)an&( an! %$oy%%( ar% %r%y $%ran%n&y%n=o'n%! an! r%(&ra'n%! ro anua&ur'n, $u&&'n u$, (%'n, a!)%r&'('n, oF%r'n or announ'n or (a%, or(u$$y'n %%r Pa% P'(%n, or any (''ar $r%$ara&'on, anua&ur% or %%r 'n o&&%( an! un!%r a%( (u(&an&'ay

'!%n&'a ;'& or ':% &% (a'! o&&%( an! a%( o $a'n&'F an M'u% Cor$ora&'on %$oy%! or &a& $ur$o(%, or(u(&an&'ay '!%n&'a ;'& or ':% &% o&&%( an! a%( no; %$oy%! y &% !%%n!an& or &a& $ur$o(%, or 'no&&%( or un!%r a%( ;' ar% aua&%! &o !%%')% $ura(%r( an! on(u%r( 'n&o &% %'% &a& &% %%r '( &%$ro!u& o &% $a'n&'F or ;' ;' %na% o&%r( &o (u(&'&u&%, (% or $a oF &% (a'! %%r o &% !%%n!an& a(an! or &% %%r o &% $a'n&'F-o$a'nan&.

>2? T% !%%n!an& A('a r%;%ry n. '( %r%y or!%r%! &o r%n!%r an aoun&'n an! $ay &% an M'u%Cor$ora&'on !ou% any an! a &% $ay%n&( !%r')%! y !%%n!an& ro o$%ra&'on( o '&( u('n%(( an! &% (a% ooo!( %ar'n &% ar: B%%r Pa% P'(%nB %(&'a&%! a& a$$ro'a&%y +')% M''on P%(o( >P5,000,000.00? &o r%a

a '&( $ro!u&( %ar'n &% ar: B%%r Pa% P'(%nB ro '&( r%&a'%r( an! !%')%r &%(% a( ;% a( a a%(, ('n(,$r'n&(, $a:a%(, ;ra$$%r(, r%%$&a%( an! a!)%r&'(%%n&( %ar'n &% 'nr'n'n ar: an! a $a&%(, o!(,a&%r'a( an! o&%r %an( o a:'n &% (a% &o &% Cour& au&or'/%! &o %%u&% &'( =u!%n& or !%(&ru&'on.

>3? T% !%%n!an& '( %r%y or!%r%! &o $ay $a'n&'F &% (u o T;o M''on P%(o( >P2,000,000.00? a( ora!aa%( an! "a a M''on P%(o( >P5,000,000.00? y ;ay o %%$ary !aa%(.

>? T% !%%n!an& '( ur&%r or!%r%! &o $ay &% $a'n&'F a&&orn%y( %%( 'n &% aoun& o P250,000.00 $u( o(&(

&o &'( (u'&. >$. 90, Roo.?

*$on a o&'on or r%on('!%ra&'on %! y A, &% ao)% !'($o('&')% $ar& o &% !%'('on, ;a( o!'%! y &%(%$ara&% o$'n'on( o &% $%'a '& D')'('on 1 (o &a& '& (ou! r%a! &u(4

1<


17/73

n &% '& o &% or%o'n anay('( an! un!%r &% $a'n anua% o &% a$$'a% ru% an! $r'n'$% on &% a&&%r,% n! &% !%%n!an& A('a r%;%ry nor$ora&%! G*LT o 'nr'n%%n& o &ra!%ar: an! una'r o$%&'&'on. T%!%'('on o &% &r'a our& '( %r%y REIERED, an! a n%; =u!%n& %n&%r%! 'n a)or o &% $a'n&'F an! aa'n(& &%!%%n!an& a( oo;(4

>1? T% !%%n!an& A('a r%;%ry n., '&( o@%r(, a%n&(, (%r)an&( an! %$oy%%( ar% %r%y $%ran%n&y%n=o'n%! an! r%(&ra'n%! ro anua&ur'n, $u&&'n u$, (%'n, a!)%r&'('n, oF%r'n or announ'n or (a%, or(u$$y'n %%r Pa% P'(%n, or any (''ar $r%$ara&'on, anua&ur% or %%r 'n o&&%( an! un!%r a%( (u(&an&'ay'!%n&'a ;'& or ':% &% (a'! o&&%( an! a%( o $a'n&'F an M'u% Cor$ora&'on %$oy%! or &a& $ur$o(%, or(u(&an&'ay '!%n&'a ;'& or ':% &% o&&%( an! a%( no; %$oy%! y &% !%%n!an& or &a& $ur$o(%, or 'no&&%( or un!%r a%( ;' ar% aua&%! &o !%%')% $ura(%r( an! on(u%r( 'n&o &% %'% &a& &% %%r ' &%$ro!u& o &% $a'n&'F or ;' ;' %na% o&%r( &o (u(&'&u&%, (% or $a oF &% (a'! %%r o &% !%%n!an& a(an! or &% %%r o &% $a'n&'F-o$a'nan&.

>2? T% !%%n!an& A('a r%;%ry n. '( %r%y or!%r%! 2 &o r%a a '&( $ro!u&( %ar'n &% ar: %%r Pa%P'(%n ro '&( r%&a'%r( an! !%')%r &%(% a( ;% a( a a%(, ('n(, $r'n&(, $a:a%(, ;ra$$%r(, r%%$&a%( an!a!)%r&'(%%n&( %ar'n &% 'nr'n'n ar: an! a $a&%(, o!(, a&%r'a( an! o&%r %an( o a:'n &% (a% &o&% Cour& au&or'/%! &o %%u&% &'( =u!%n& or !%(&ru&'on.

>3? T% !%%n!an& '( %r%y or!%r%! &o $ay $a'n&'F &% (u o T;o M''on P%(o( >P2,000,000.00? a( ora!aa%( an! "a a M''on P%(o( >P500,000.00? y ;ay o %%$ary !aa%(.

>? T% !%%n!an& '( ur&%r or!%r%! &o $ay &% $a'n&'F a&&orn%y( %%( 'n &% aoun& o P250,000.00 $u( o(&( o &'( (u'&.

n !u% &'%, A a$$%a%! &o &'( Cour& y a $%&'&'on or %r&'orar' un!%r Ru% 5 o &% Ru%( o Cour&. T% on% '((u%'n &'( a$$%a '( ;%&%r A 'nr'n%( MC( &ra!%ar:4 an M'u% Pa% P'(%n ;'& R%&anuar "o$( an! Ma&D%('n, an! &%r%y o'&( una'r o$%&'&'on aa'n(& &% a&&%r. & '( a a&ua '((u% >P'. Nu& n!u(&ry n. ).

17


18/73

&an!ar! ran!( n.,


19/73

>9? %n &% n!'n( o a&( o &% Cour& o A$$%a( ar% $r%'(%! on &% a(%n% o %)'!%n% an! ar%on&ra!'&%! on r%or!. >R%yno!( P''$$'n% Cor$ora&'on )(. Cour& o A$$%a(, 1Cru/)(. CA, 129 CRA 222, 227.?

T% $r%(%n& a(% '( on% o &% %%$&'on( %au(% &%r% '( no onurr%n% %&;%%n &% &r'a our& an! &% Cour& oA$$%a( on &% on% a&ua '((u% o ;%&%r A, y anua&ur'n an! (%'n '&( EER PALE PLEN 'n a%roor%! (&%'n'% o&&%( o 320 . a$a'&y ;'& a ;'&% $a'n&%! r%&anuar a% a( o'&&%! &ra!%ar:'nr'n%%n& an! una'r o$%&'&'on aa'n(& MC.

nr'n%%n& o &ra!%ar: '( a or o una'r o$%&'&'on >Car:% )(. Man'a Can!y Co., 3< P'. 100, 10


20/73

(%r)'%(, (a % 'a% &o a ')' a&'on y &% r%'(&ran& or any or a o &% r%%!'%( %r%'n $ro)'!%!. >E$a('((u$$'%!.?

T'( !%n'&'on '$'%( &a& ony r%'(&%r%! &ra!% ar:(, &ra!% na%( an! (%r)'% ar:( ar% $ro&%&%! aa'n(&'nr'n%%n& or unau&or'/%! u(% y ano&%r or o&%r(. T% u(% o (o%on% %(%( r%'(&%r%! &ra!%ar:, &ra!% na%or (%r)'% ar: '( unau&or'/%!, %n%, a&'ona%, ' '& '( !on% B;'&ou& &% on(%n& o &% r%'(&ran&.B >'!.?

T% r%'(&%r%! &ra!%ar: o MC or '&( $a% $'(%n %%r '(4

an M'u% Pa% P'(%n '& R%&anuar "o$( an! Ma& D%('n. >P''$$'n% ur%au o Pa&%n&(, Tra!%ar:( an! T%nooy Tran(%r Tra!%ar: C%r&'a&% o R%'(&ra&'on No. 3Pa% 177, Roo?4

. . . . a r%&anuar !%('n '(Q or!%r%! y ;a& a$$%ar( &o % 'nu&% ra'n( arran%! 'n ro;( o &r%% 'n ;' &%r%a$$%ar 'n %a orn%r o$ !%('n(. A& &% &o$ '( a $ra(% ;r'&&%n 'n (a $r'n& BR%. P'. Pa&. OF.B an! a& &%o&&o BN%& Con&%n&(4 320 M.B T% !o'nan& %a&ur% '( &% $ra(% Ban M'u%B ;r'&&%n or'/on&ay a& &% u$$%r

$or&'on. %o; ar% &% ;or!( BPa% P'(%nB ;r'&&%n !'aonay aro(( &% '!!% o &% r%&anuar !%('n. n %&;%%n'( a oa& o ar( an! &% $ra(% BE$%r&y r%;%!.B T% BB 'n BanB an! &% BMB o BM'u%,B BPB o BPa%B an!BP'(%nB ar% ;r'&&%n 'n Go&' %&&%r( ;'& n% (&ro:%( o (%r'(, &% :'n! &a& r(& a$$%ar%! 'n &% 1780( 'n Enan!an! u(%! or $r'n&'n G%ran a( !'(&'nu'(%! ro Roan an! &a'. %o; BPa% P'(%nB '( &% (&a&%%n& BAn!o&&%! yB >r(& 'n%, Ban M'u% r%;%ryB >(%on! 'n%?, an! BP''$$'n%(B >&'r! 'n%?. >$. 177, Roo E$a('((u$$'%!.?

On &% o&%r an!, A( &ra!%ar:, a( !%(r'%! y &% &r'a our&, on('(&( o4

20


21/73

. . . a r%&anuar !%('n or!%r%! y ;a& a$$%ar &o % u!( o o;%r( ;'& %a)%(. T% !o'nan& %a&ur% '( B%%rB;r'&&%n aro(( &% u$$%r $or&'on o &% r%&anuar !%('n. T% $ra(% BPa% P'(%nB a$$%ar( '%!'a&%y %o; 'n(a%r o: %&&%r(. To &% %& '( a o$ !%('n an! &o &% r'&, ;r'&&%n 'n (a $r'n&(, '( &% $ra(% BN%& Con&%n&(

320 .B %!'a&%y %o; BPa% P'(%nB '( &% (&a&%%n& ;r'&&%n 'n &r%% 'n%( BE($%'ay r%;%! an! o&&%! yB>r(& 'n%?, BA('a r%;%ry nor$ora&%!B >(%on! 'n%?, an! BP''$$'n%(B >&'r! 'n%?, >$. 177, Roo E$a('((u$$'%!.?

Do%( A( EER PALE PLEN a% or B!%('nB 'nr'n% u$on MC( AN MG*EL PALE PLEN T" RECTANG*LARMALT AND "OP DEGN T% an(;%r '( BNo.B

nr'n%%n& '( !%&%r'n%! y &% B&%(& o !o'nanyB ra&%r &an y !'F%r%n%( or )ar'a&'on( 'n &% !%&a'( o on%

&ra!%ar: an! o ano&%r. T% ru% ;a( orua&%! 'n Co T'on a )(. D'r%&or o Pa&%n&(, 95 P'. 1, >195?r%'&%ra&%! 'n L' "oa )(. D'r%&or o Pa&%n&(, 100 P'. 21, 21195


22/73

n P'. Nu& n!u(&ry n. )(. &an!ar! ran!( n., 1? T% AN MG*EL PALE PLEN o&&% a( a (%n!%r &a$%r%! n%:.

22


23/73

T% EER PALE PLEN o&&% a( a a&, u'n n%:.

>2? T% ;or!( B$a% $'(%nB on MC( a% ar% $r'n&%! 'n o! an! a%! %&&%r( aon a !'aona an!, ;%r%a(&% ;or!( B$a% $'(%nB on A( o&&% ar% a &% ('/% an! $r'n&%! 'n (%n!%r o: %&&%r( on a (&ra'& or'/on&aan!. >%% E''& B8-aB.?.

>3? T% na%( o &% anua&ur%r( ar% $ro'n%n&y $r'n&%! on &%'r r%($%&')% o&&%(.

AN MG*EL PALE PLEN '( Bo&&%! y &% an M'u% r%;%ry, P''$$'n%(,B ;%r%a( EER PALE PLEN '(BE($%'ay r%;%! an! o&&%! y A('a r%;%ry nor$ora&%!, P''$$'n%(.B

>? On &% a: o A( o&&% '( $r'n&%! 'n ', o! %&&%r(, un!%r a ro; o o;%r u!( an! %a)%(, '&(o$yr'&%! (oan4

BEER NA EERSB

%r%a( MC( o&&% arr'%( no (oan.

>5? T% a: o &% AN MG*EL PALE PLEN o&&% arr'%( &% MC oo, ;%r%a( &% EER PALE PLEN o&&%a( no oo.

>


24/73

T% EER PALE PLEN o&&% a$ '( (&a$%! ;'& &% na% BEERB 'n &% %n&%r, (urroun!%! y &% ;or!( BA('ar%;%ry nor$ora&%! P''$$'n%(.B

>7? +'nay, &%r% '( a (u(&an&'a $r'% !'F%r%n% %&;%%n EER PALE PLEN >urr%n&y a& P.25 $%r o&&%? an!AN MG*EL PALE PLEN >urr%n&y a& P7.00 $%r o&&%?. On% ;o $ay( ony P.25 or a o&&% o %%r anno& %$%&&o r%%')% an M'u% Pa% P'(%n ro &% (&or%:%%$%r or ar&%n!%r.

T% a& &a& &% ;or!( $a% $'(%n ar% $ar& o A( &ra!%ar: !o%( no& on(&'&u&% an 'nr'n%%n& o MC(&ra!%ar:4 AN MG*EL PALE PLEN, or B$a% $'(%nB ar% %n%r' ;or!( !%(r'$&')% o &% oor >B$a%B?, o a &y$%o %%r >B$'(%nB?, ;' '( a '& o%'an %%r ;'& a (&ron o$( a)or &a& or''na&%! 'n &% C'&y o P'(%n 'nC/%o(o)a:'a an! %a% aou( 'n &% M'!!% A%(. >%(&%r( T'r! N%; n&%rna&'ona D'&'onary o &% En'(Lanua%, *nar'!%!. E!'&%! y P''$ ao: Go)%. $r'n%!, Ma((.4 G C M%rr'a Co., Q 197


25/73

T% ;or!( B$a% $'(%nB ay no& % a$$ro$r'a&%! y MC or '&( %u(')% u(% %)%n ' &%y ar% $ar& o '&( r%'(&%r%!&ra!%ar:4 AN MG*EL PALE PLEN, any or% &an (u !%(r'$&')% ;or!( a( B%)a$ora&%! ':,B B&oa&o:%&u$,B B%!!ar %%(%,B Born a:%(B an! Boo:'n o'B ay % a$$ro$r'a&%! y any ('n% anua&ur%r o&%(% oo! $ro!u&(, or no o&%r r%a(on &an &a& % ;a( &% r(& &o u(% &% 'n '( r%'(&%r%! &ra!%ar:. n Ma((o"%rano(, .A. )(. D'r%&or o Pa&%n&(, 9 P'. 131953?, '& ;a( %! &a& a !%a%r 'n (o%( anno& r%'(&%r

BL%a&%r o%(B a( '( &ra!%ar: %au(% &a& ;ou! % %r%y !%(r'$&')% an! '& ;ou! % un=u(& &o !%$r')% o&%r!%a%r( 'n %a&%r (o%( o &% r'& &o u(% &% (a% ;or!( ;'& r%%r%n% &o &%'r %ran!'(%. No on% aya$$ro$r'a&% %n%r' or !%(r'$&')% ;or!(. T%y %on &o &% $u' !oa'n >On A' Gu' )(. D'r%&or o Pa&%n&(, 9<P'. R'on! R%%!'%( Co. )(. Dr. M'%( M%!'a Co., 1< E. 2!Q598.?

. . . . A !%(r'$&')% ;or! ay % a!'&&%!y !'(&'n&')%, %($%'ay ' &% u(%r '( &% r(& r%a&or o &% ar&'%. & ;',o;%)%r, % !%n'%! $ro&%&'on, no& %au(% '& a:( !'(&'n&')%n%((, u& ra&%r %au(% o&%r( ar% %6uay %n&'&%! &o'&( u(%. >2 Caan. *na'r Co$%&'&'on an! Tra!%ar:(, $$. 8E$a('( (u$$'%!.?

25


26/73

T% 'ru(&an% &a& &% anua&ur%r o EER PALE PLEN, A('a r%;%ry nor$ora&%!, a( $r'n&%! '&( na% ao)%r &% o&&% o '&( %%r $ro!u&4 on &% a%, on &% a: o &% o&&%, a( ;% a( on &% o&&% a$, !'($ro)%(MC( ar% &a& A !'(on%(&y an! rau!u%n&y 'n&%n!( &o $a oF '&( EER PALE PLEN a( MC( $ro!u&. n

)'%; o &% )'('% !'F%r%n%( %&;%%n &% &;o $ro!u&(, &% Cour& %'%)%( '& '( 6u'&% un':%y &a& a u(&o%r oa)%ra% 'n&%'%n% ;ou! '(&a:% a o&&% o EER PALE PLEN or AN MG*EL PALE PLEN.

T% a& &a& EER PALE PLEN ':% AN MG*EL PALE PLEN '( o&&%! 'n a%r-oor%! (&%'n'% o&&%( o 320 .a$a'&y an! '( a(o a!)%r&'(%! 'n $r'n&, roa!a(&, an! &%%)'('on %!'a, !o%( no& n%%((ar'y on(&'&u&% una'ro$%&'&'on.

*na'r o$%&'&'on '( &% %$oy%n& o !%%$&'on or any o&%r %an( on&rary &o oo! a'& y ;' a $%r(on

(a $a(( oF &% oo!( anua&ur%! y ' or 'n ;' % !%a(, or '( u('n%((, or (%r)'%(, or &o(% o ano&%r;o a( ar%a!y %(&a'(%! oo!;' or '( (''ar oo!(, u('n%(( or (%r)'%(, or any a&( aua&%! &o $ro!u%&% (a% r%(u&. >%. 29, R%$u' A& No. 1


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!%rau! ano&%r o '( %'&'a&% &ra!%, or any (u(%6u%n& )%n!or o (u oo!( or any a%n& o any )%n!or%na%! 'n (%'n (u oo!( ;'& a ':% $ur$o(%.

>? Any $%r(on ;o y any ar&'%, or !%)'%, or ;o %$oy( any o&%r %an( aua&%! &o 'n!u% &% a(%%'% &a& (u $%r(on '( oF%r'n &% (%r)'%( o ano&%r ;o a( '!%n&'%! (u (%r)'%( 'n &% 'n! o &% $u'or

>? Any $%r(on ;o (a a:% any a(% (&a&%%n& 'n &% our(% o &ra!% or ;o (a o'& any o&%r a&on&rary &o oo! a'& o a na&ur% aua&%! &o !'(r%!'& &% oo!(, u('n%(( or (%r)'%( o ano&%r.

n &'( a(%, &% 6u%(&'on &o % !%&%r'n%! '( ;%&%r A '( u('n a na% or ar: or '&( %%r &a& a( $r%)'ou(y

o% &o !%('na&% MC( %%r, or ;%&%r A '( $a(('n oF '&( EER PALE PLEN a( MC( AN MG*EL PALEPLEN.

. . ..T% un')%r(a &%(& 6u%(&'on '( ;%&%r &% $u' '( ':%y &o % !%%')%!. No&'n %(( &an on!u& &%n!'n &o$a(( oF on% an( oo!( or u('n%(( a( &a& o ano&%r ;' on(&'&u&% una'r o$%&'&'on. A&ua or $roa%!%%$&'on an! onu('on on &% $ar& o &% u(&o%r( y r%a(on o !%%n!an&( $ra&'%( u(& a;ay( a$$%ar. >%Co., o &% P''$$'n%(, L&!. )(. n(uar P%&ro%u R%n'n Co. L&!. %& a., 120 P'. 3, 39.?

T% u(% o A o &% (&%'n'% o&&%, (''ar u& no& '!%n&'a &o &% AN MG*EL PALE PLEN o&&%, '( no& una;u.A( $o'n&%! ou& y A( oun(%, MC !'! no& 'n)%n& u& %r%y orro;%! &% (&%'n'% o&&% ro aroa! an! '& a'(n%'&%r $a&%n& nor &ra!%ar: $ro&%&'on or &a& o&&% (a$% an! !%('n. >%% roo, $a% 55.? T% C%r)%/a E($%'aan! &% E%( Pa% P'(%n u(% &% B(&%'n'%B o&&%. >%% E''&( 57-D, 57-E.? T% &r'a our& oun! no 'nr'n%%n& oMC( o&&% H

T% our& ar%%( ;'& !%%n!an& &a& &%r% '( no 'nr'n%%n& o $a'n&'F( o&&%, r(&y, %au(% aor!'n &o$a'n&'F( ;'&n%(( D%ora'a( I'a!o'!, '& '( a (&an!ar! &y$% o o&&% a%! (&%'n'%, an! &o ;'&n%(( Jo(% An&on'o

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Gar'a, '& '( no& a an M'u% Cor$ora&'on !%('n u& a !%('n or''nay !%)%o$%! 'n &% *n'&%! &a&%( y &% Ga((Con&a'n%r Manua&ur%r( n(&'&u&% an! &%r%or% a:( %u(')'&y. %on!y, &% (a$% ;a( n%)%r r%'(&%r%! a( a&ra!%ar:. E''& BCB '( no& a r%'(&ra&'on o a %%r o&&% !%('n r%6u'r%! un!%r R%$. A& 1


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Ta& &% A o&&% a( a 320 . a$a'&y '( no& !u% &o a !%('r% &o ''&a&% MC( o&&% %au(% &a& o&&% a$a'&y'( &% (&an!ar! $r%(r'%! un!%r M%&r'a&'on C'ruar No. 778, !a&%! D%%%r 1979, o &% D%$ar&%n& o Tra!%,M%&r' y(&% oar!.

'& r%ar! &o &% ;'&% a% o o& %%r o&&%(, A %$a'n%! &a& '& u(%! &% oor ;'&% or '&( a% %au(%;'&% $r%(%n&( &% (&ron%(& on&ra(& &o &% a%r oor o A( o&&% '& '( a(o &% o(& %ono'a &o u(% ona%(, an! &% %a('%(& &o Ba:%B 'n &% urna% >$. 1$. 209, Roo?

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MC a'( &a& &% B&ra!% !r%((B o EER PALE PLEN '( Bonu('ny (''arB &o '&( AN MG*EL PALE PLEN%au(% o& ar% o&&%! 'n 320 . (&%'n'% &y$%, a%r-oor%! o&&%( ;'& ;'&% r%&anuar a%(.

"o;%)%r, ;%n a( 'n &'( a(%, &% na%( o &% o$%&'n $ro!u&( ar% %ary !'F%r%n& an! &%'r r%($%&')%(our%( ar% $ro'n%n&y $r'n&%! on &% a% an! on o&%r $ar&( o &% o&&%, %r% (''ar'&y 'n &% (a$% an! ('/% o &% on&a'n%r an! a%, !o%( no& on(&'&u&% una'r o$%&'&'on. T% (&%'n'% o&&% '( a (&an!ar! o&&% or %%r an! '(un')%r(ay u(%!. MC !'! no& 'n)%n& '& nor $a&%n& '&. T% a& &a& MC( o&&% '( r%'(&%r%! un!%r R.A. No. a(a%n!%! y RA 5700, An A& &o R%ua&% &% *(% o Duy &a$%! or Mar:%! o&&%(, o%(, Ca(:(, #%(, arr%(an! O&%r ''ar Con&a'n%r(? ('$y $ro''&( anua&ur%r( o o&%r oo!(&uF( ro &% unau&or'/%! u(% o MC(o&&%( y r%'n &%(% ;'& &%'r $ro!u&(. & ;a( no& unoon &%n or $ro!u&( (u a( $a&'( >( (au%? an!&oyo >(oy (au%? &o % (o! 'n r%y%! AN MG*EL PALE PLEN o&&%(. R%'(&ra&'on o MC( %%r o&&%( !'! no&')% MC a $a&%n& on &% (&%'n'% or on o&&%( o (''ar ('/%, (a$% or oor.

Mo(& on&a'n%r( ar% (&an!ar!'/%! %au(% &%y ar% u(uay a!% y &% (a% anua&ur%r. M':, ;%&%r 'n$o;!%r%! or '6u'! or, '( (o! 'n un'or &'n an(. T% (a% an % (a'! o &% (&an!ar! :%&u$ or )'n%ar o&&%;'& '&( a''ar %ona&%! n%:. Many o&%r ro%ry '&%( (u a( oF%%, ayonna'(%, $':%( an! $%anu& u&&%rar% (o! 'n (&an!ar! a(( =ar(. T% anua&ur%r( o &%(% oo!(&uF( a)% %6ua r'& &o u(% &%(% (&an!ar!( &'n(,o&&%( an! =ar( or &%'r $ro!u&(. Ony &%'r r%($%&')% a%( !'(&'nu'( &% ro %a o&%r. Ju(& a( no ':$ro!u%r ay (u% &% o&%r( or una'r o$%&'&'on %au(% &%y (% &%'r ': 'n &% (a% ('/% an! (a$% o ':an ;' % u(%(, n%'&%r ay MC a' una'r o$%&'&'on ar'('n ro &% a& &a& A( EER PALE PLEN '((o!, ':% MC( AN MG*EL PALE PLEN 'n a%r (&%'n'% o&&%(.

T% r%or! !o%( no& %ar ou& MC( a$$r%%n('on &a& EER PALE PLEN '( %'n $a((%! oF a( AN MG*EL PALEPLEN. T'( '( un':%y &o a$$%n or on(u%r( or uy%r( o %%r %n%ray or!%r &%'r %%r y ran!. A( $o'n&%!ou& y A( oun(%, 'n (u$%rar:%&( an! &'%n!a(, %%r '( or!%r%! y ran!, an! &% u(&o%r (urr%n!%r( '( %$&yr%$a%%n& o&&%( or $ay( a !%$o('& &o uaran&%% &% r%&urn o &% %$&'%(. '( %$&'%( ar% AN MG*EL PALEPLEN, % ;' %& AN MG*EL PALE PLEN a( r%$a%%n&. n (ar'-(ar' (&or%(, %%r '( a(o or!%r%! ro &% &'n!%ra

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y ran!. T% (a% '( &ru% 'n r%(&auran&(, $u( an! %%r ar!%n( H %%r '( or!%r%! ro &% ;a'&%r( y ran!. >O$.'&. $a% 50.?

Con('!%r'n ur&%r &a& AN MG*EL PALE PLEN a( )'r&uay ono$o'/%! &% !o%(&' %%r ar:%& or &% $a(&un!r%! y%ar(, &o(% ;o a)% %%n !r'n:'n no o&%r %%r u& AN MG*EL PALE PLEN &%(% any y%ar(%r&a'ny :no; &%'r %%r &oo ;% &o % !%%')%! y a n%;o%r 'n &% ar:%&. &%y ra)'&a&% &o A( %a$%r%%r, '& ;' no& % %au(% &%y ar% onu(%! or !%%')%!, u& %au(% &%y n! &% o$%&'n $ro!u& &o &%'r&a(&%.

Our !%'('on 'n &'( a(% ;' no& !''n'( our ru'n 'n BD% Mon&% Cor$ora&'on )(. Cour& o A$$%a( an! un('n%au% Manua&ur'n n!u(&r'%(,B 181 CRA 10, 19, 3 &a&4

. . . &o !%&%r'n% ;%&%r a &ra!%ar: a( %%n 'nr'n%!, ;% u(& on('!%r &% ar: a( a ;o% an! no& a(!'((%&%!. &% uy%r '( !%%')%!, '& '( a&&r'u&a% &o &% ar:( a( a &o&a'&y, no& u(uay &o any $ar& o '&.

Ta& ru'n ay no& a$$y &o a :'n!( o $ro!u&(. T% Cour& '&(% au&'on%! &a& 'n r%(o)'n a(%( o 'nr'n%%n&an! una'r o$%&'&'on, &% our&( (ou! B&a:% 'n&o on('!%ra&'on (%)%ra a&or( ;' ;ou! aF%& '&( onu('on,&o ;'&4 &% a%, &ra'n'n an! %!ua&'on o &% u(ua $ura(%r, &% na&ur% an! o(& o &% ar&'%, ;%&%r &% ar&'%'( ou& or '%!'a&% on(u$&'on an! a(o &% on!'&'on( un!%r ;' '& '( u(uay $ura(%!B >181 CRA 10,18-19?.

T% D% Mon&% a(% 'n)o)%! a&(u$, a oon ou(%o! '&% ;' '( ou& oF &% (&or% (%)%( y ou(%;')%(an! ou(% %$ ;o, ' &%y ar% ''&%ra&% an! anno& '!%n&'y &% $ro!u& y na% or ran!, ;ou! )%ry ':%y '!%n&'y'& y %r% r%o%&'on o '&( a$$%aran%. 'n% &% o$%&'&or, un('n% au% M. n!u(&r'%(, no& ony u(%!r%y%! D% Mon&% o&&%( or '&( a&(u$ >!%($'&% &% ;arn'n %o((%! on &% o&&%(4 BD% Mon&% Cor$ora&'on. No&&o % r%%!.B? u& a(o u(%! a%( ;' ;%r% Ba oora% ''&a&'onB o D% Mon&%( a%, ;% %! &a& &%r% ;a('nr'n%%n& o D% Mon&%( &ra!%ar: an! una'r o$%&'&'on y un('n%.

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Our ru'n 'n D% Mon&% ;ou! no& a$$y &o %%r ;' '( no& u(uay $':%! ro a (&or% (% u& or!%r%! y ran!y &% %%r !r'n:%r '(% ro &% (&or%:%%$%r or ;a'&%r 'n a $u or r%(&auran&.

Mor%o)%r, MC( ran! or &ra!%ar:4 BAN MG*EL PALE PLENB '( no& 'nr'n%! y A( ar:4 BEER NA EERB orBEER PALE PLEN.B A a:%( '&( o;n o&&% ;'& a u'n n%: &o !'F%r%n&'a&% '& ro MC( o&&%, an! $r'n&(A( na% 'n &r%% >3? $a%( on (a'! o&&% >ron&, a: an! o&&% a$? &o $ro)% &a& '& a( no 'n&%n&'on &o $a(( o'&( BEERB a( BAN MG*EL.B

T%r% '( no onu('n (''ar'&y %&;%%n &% o$%&'n %%r( or &% na% o on% '( BAN MG*ELB ;'% &%o$%&'&or '( $a'n BEERB an! &% $o'n&( o !'((''ar'&y %&;%%n &% &;o ou&nu%r &%'r $o'n&( o (''ar'&y.

P%&'&'on%r A a( n%'&%r 'nr'n%! MC( &ra!%ar: nor o'&&%! una'r o$%&'&'on ;'& &% a&&%r( AN MG*ELPALE PLEN $ro!u&. '% '&( EER PALE PLEN a!'&&%!y o$%&%( ;'& &% a&&%r 'n &% o$%n ar:%&, &a&o$%&'&'on '( n%'&%r una'r nor rau!u%n&. "%n%, ;% u(& !%ny MC( $ray%r &o (u$$r%(( '&.

"ERE+ORE, n!'n &% $%&'&'on or r%)'%; %r'&or'ou(, &% (a% '( %r%y ran&%!. T% !%'('on an! r%(ou&'on o&% Cour& o A$$%a( 'n CA-G.R. CI No. 2810 ar% %r%y (%& a('!% an! &a& o &% &r'a our& '( RENTATED an!A++RMED. Co(&( aa'n(& &% $r')a&% r%($on!%n&.

O ORDERED.

G.R. No. 180073 No)%%r 25, 2009

PROO*RCE NTERNATONAL, NC., P%&'&'on%r,

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)(.

"ORP"AG REEARC" MANAGEMENT A, R%($on!%n&.

D E C O N

NAC"*RA, J.4

T'( '( a $%&'&'on or r%)'%; on %r&'orar' un!%r Ru% 5 o &% Ru%( o Cour& (%%:'n &o r%)%r(% an! (%& a('!% &%Cour& o A$$%a( >CA? D%'('on1 !a&%! Juy 27, 2007 an! R%(ou&'on2 !a&%! O&o%r 15, 2007 'n CA-G.R. CI No.8755


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On Auu(& 22, 2000, r%($on!%n& %! a Co$a'n&10 or nr'n%%n& o Tra!%ar: ;'& Pray%r or Pr%''naryn=un&'on aa'n(& $%&'&'on%r, $ray'n &a& &% a&&%r %a(% an! !%('(& ro u('n &% ran! PCO-GENOL or %'nonu('ny (''ar ;'& r%($on!%n&( &ra!%ar: PCNOGENOL. &, ':%;'(%, $ray%! or a&ua an! no'na !aa%(,a( ;% a( a&&orn%y( %%(.11

n '&( An(;%r,12 $%&'&'on%r on&%n!%! &a& r%($on!%n& ou! no& % &% 'nr'n%%n& a(% on('!%r'n &a& &% a&&%r'( no& &% r%'(&%r%! o;n%r o &% &ra!%ar: PCNOGENOL, u& on% "or$a R%(%ar L''&%!. &, ':%;'(%, a'%!&a& &% &;o ar:( ;%r% no& onu('ny (''ar. +'nay, '& !%n'%! 'a''&y, ('n% '& !'(on&'nu%! &% u(% o &% ar:$r'or &o &% 'n(&'&u&'on o &% 'nr'n%%n& a(%. P%&'&'on%r &u( $ray%! or &% !'('((a o &% o$a'n&. y ;ay ooun&%ra', $%&'&'on%r $ray%! &a& r%($on!%n& % !'r%&%! &o $ay %%$ary !aa%( an! a&&orn%y( %%(.13

Dur'n &% $r%-&r'a, &% $ar&'%( a!'&&%! &% oo;'n4

1. D%%n!an& $%&'&'on%rQ '( a or$ora&'on !uy oran'/%! an! %'(&'n un!%r &% a;( o &% R%$u' o &%P''$$'n%( ;'& u('n%(( a!!r%(( a& No. 7 Anna$o'( &r%%&, Gr%%n'(, an Juan, M%&ro Man'a

2. T% &ra!%ar: PCNOGENOL o &% $a'n&'F '( !uy r%'(&%r%! ;'& &% n&%%&ua Pro$%r&y O@% u& no& ;'& &%ur%au o +oo! an! Dru >+AD?.

3. T% !%%n!an&( $ro!u& PCO-GENOL '( !uy r%'(&%r%! ;'& &% +AD u& no& ;'& &% n&%%&ua Pro$%r&y O@%>PO?.

. T% !%%n!an& or$ora&'on !'(on&'nu%! &% u(% o an! a! ;'&!ra;n ro &% ar:%& &% $ro!u&( un!%r &%na% o PCO-GENOL a( o Jun% 19, 2000, ;'& '&( &ra!%ar: an%! ro PCO-GENOL &o PCO-PL*.

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5. Pa'n&'F or$ora&'on (%n& a !%an! %&&%r &o &% !%%n!an& !a&%! 02 Jun% 2000.1

On January 1C? A N+RNGED PETTONER PCO-GENOL.

. T"AT T"E CO*RT O+ APPEAL ERRED N A++RMNG T"E AARD O+ ATTORNE +EE N +AIOR O+ REPONDENT"ORP"AG REEARC" MANAGEMENT .A. N T"E AMO*NT O+ P$50,000.00.17

T% $%&'&'on '( ;'&ou& %r'&.

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& u(& % r%a%! &a& r%($on!%n& %! a o$a'n& or &ra!%ar: 'nr'n%%n& aa'n(& $%&'&'on%r or &% a&&%r(u(% o &% ar: PCO-GENOL ;' &% or%r a'%! &o % onu('ny (''ar &o '&( &ra!%ar: PCNOGENOL.P%&'&'on%r( u(% o &% 6u%(&'on%! ar: (&ar&%! 'n 199< an! %n!%! 'n Jun% 2000. T% 'n(&an& a(% (ou! &u( %!%'!%! 'n '& o &% $ro)'('on( o R%$u' A& >R.A.? No. 1


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155.2. R%$ro!u%, oun&%r%'&, o$y or ooray ''&a&% a r%'(&%r%! ar: or a !o'nan& %a&ur% &%r%o an! a$$y(u r%$ro!u&'on, oun&%r%'&, o$y or oora% ''&a&'on &o a%(, ('n(, $r'n&(, $a:a%(, ;ra$$%r(, r%%$&a%(or a!)%r&'(%%n&( 'n&%n!%! &o % u(%! 'n o%r% u$on or 'n onn%&'on ;'& &% (a%, oF%r'n or (a%,

!'(&r'u&'on, or a!)%r&'('n o oo!( or (%r)'%( on or 'n onn%&'on ;'& ;' (u u(% '( ':%y &o au(% onu('on,or &o au(% '(&a:%, or &o !%%')%, (a % 'a% 'n a ')' a&'on or 'nr'n%%n& y &% r%'(&ran& or &% r%%!'%(%r%'na&%r (%& or&4 Pro)'!%!, Ta& 'nr'n%%n& &a:%( $a% a& &% o%n& any o &% a&( (&a&%! 'n u(%&'on155.1 or &'( (u(%&'on ar% o'&&%! r%ar!%(( o ;%&%r &%r% '( a&ua (a% o oo!( or (%r)'%( u('n &%'nr'n'n a&%r'a.

n aor!an% ;'& %&'on 22 o R.A. No. 1? &Q '( u(%! y ano&%r $%r(on 'n onn%&'on ;'& &% (a%, oF%r'n or (a%, or a!)%r&'('n o any oo!(, u('n%((or (%r)'%( or 'n onn%&'on ;'& ;' (u u(% '( ':%y &o au(% onu('on or '(&a:% or &o !%%')% $ura(%r( oro&%r( a( &o &% (our% or or''n o (u oo!( or (%r)'%(, or '!%n&'&y o (u u('n%(( or (u &ra!%ar: '(r%$ro!u%!, oun&%r%'&%!, o$'%! or ooray ''&a&%! y ano&%r $%r(on an! (u r%$ro!u&'on, oun&%r%'&, o$yor oora% ''&a&'on '( a$$'%! &o a%(, ('n(, $r'n&(, $a:a%(, ;ra$$%r(, r%%$&a%( or a!)%r&'(%%n&( 'n&%n!%!

&o % u(%! u$on or 'n onn%&'on ;'& (u oo!(, u('n%(( or (%r)'%( a( &o ':%y au(% onu('on or '(&a:% or &o!%%')% $ura(%r(Q

>? TQ% &ra!%ar: '( u(%! or '!%n&'a or (''ar oo!(Q an!

>!? Qu a& '( !on% ;'&ou& &% on(%n& o &% &ra!%ar: r%'(&ran& or a(('n%%.21

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On &% o&%r an!, &% %%%n&( o 'nr'n%%n& un!%r R.A. No. 8293 ar% a( oo;(4

>1? T% &ra!%ar: %'n 'nr'n%! '( r%'(&%r%! 'n &% n&%%&ua Pro$%r&y O@% o;%)%r, 'n 'nr'n%%n& o &ra!%na%, &% (a% n%%! no& % r%'(&%r%!

>2? T% &ra!%ar: or &ra!% na% '( r%$ro!u%!, oun&%r%'&%!, o$'%!, or ooray ''&a&%! y &% 'nr'n%r

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>5? & '( ;'&ou& &% on(%n& o &% &ra!%ar: or &ra!% na% o;n%r or &% a(('n%% &%r%o.22

n &% or%o'n %nu%ra&'on, '& '( &% %%%n& o B':%'oo! o onu('onB &a& '( &% ra)a%n o &ra!%ar:'nr'n%%n&. u& B':%'oo! o onu('onB '( a r%a&')% on%$&. T% $ar&'uar, an! (o%&'%( $%u'ar,'ru(&an%( o %a a(% ar% !%&%r'na&')% o '&( %'(&%n%. Tu(, 'n &ra!%ar: 'nr'n%%n& a(%(, $r%%!%n&(u(& % %)aua&%! 'n &% '& o %a $ar&'uar a(%.23

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n !%&%r'n'n (''ar'&y an! ':%'oo! o onu('on, =ur'($ru!%n% a( !%)%o$%! &;o &%(&(4 &% Do'nany T%(& an!&% "o'(&' or To&a'&y T%(&. T% Do'nany T%(& ou(%( on &% (''ar'&y o &% $r%)a%n& %a&ur%( o &% o$%&'n&ra!%ar:( &a& '& au(% onu('on an! !%%$&'on, &u( on(&'&u&'n 'nr'n%%n&.2 &% o$%&'n &ra!%ar:on&a'n( &% a'n, %((%n&'a an! !o'nan& %a&ur%( o ano&%r, an! onu('on or !%%$&'on '( ':%y &o r%(u&,'nr'n%%n& &a:%( $a%. Du$'a&'on or ''&a&'on '( no& n%%((ary nor '( '& n%%((ary &a& &% 'nr'n'n a%

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n on&ra(&, &% "o'(&' T%(& %n&a'( a on('!%ra&'on o &% %n&'r%&y o &% ar:( a( a$$'%! &o &% $ro!u&(, 'nu!'n&% a%( an! $a:a'n, 'n !%&%r'n'n onu('n (''ar'&y.27 T% !'(%rn'n %y% o &% o(%r)%r u(& ou( no&ony on &% $r%!o'nan& ;or!( u& a(o on &% o&%r %a&ur%( a$$%ar'n on o& a%( 'n or!%r &a& &% o(%r)%ray !ra; '( onu('on ;%&%r on% '( onu('ny (''ar &o &% o&%r.28

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% n! no o%n& r%a(on &o !%$ar& ro (u onu('on.

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10. %n a& %a(& !ou% =u!''a o(&( ar% a;ar!%!

11. n any o&%r a(% ;%r% &% our& !%%( '& =u(& an! %6u'&a% &a& a&&orn%y( %%( an! %$%n(%( o '&'a&'on(ou! % r%o)%r%!.

n a a(%(, &% a&&orn%y( %%( an! %$%n(%( o '&'a&'on u(& % r%a(ona%.

A( a ru%, an a;ar! o a&&orn%y( %%( (ou! % !%%&%! ;%r% &% a;ar! o ora an! %%$ary !aa%( '( no&ran&%!.3 Non%&%%((, a&&orn%y( %%( ay % a;ar!%! ;%r% &% our& !%%( '& =u(& an! %6u'&a% %)%n ' oraan! %%$ary !aa%( ar% una)a''n.35 n &% 'n(&an& a(%, ;% n! no r%)%r('% %rror 'n &% ran& o a&&orn%y(

%%( y &% CA.

"ERE+ORE, $r%'(%( on('!%r%!, &% $%&'&'on '( DENED or a: o %r'&. T% Cour& o A$$%a( D%'('on !a&%! Juy27, 2007 an! '&( R%(ou&'on !a&%! O&o%r 15, 2007 'n CA-G.R. CI No. 8755< ar% A++RMED.

O ORDERED.

ANTONO ED*ARDO . NAC"*RA

A((o'a&% Ju(&'%

E CONC*R4

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G.R. No. 15721< No)%%r 20, 2003

2< CORPORATON, !o'n u('n%(( un!%r &% na% an! (&y% o ROLEV M*C LO*NGE, $%&'&'on%r,

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"ON. RENALDO . DAA, 'n '( a$a'&y a( Pr%('!'n Ju!% o ran 90 o &% R%'ona Tr'a Cour& o Ku%/onC'&y, MONTRE ROLEV .A. an! ROLEV CENTRE P"L. LMTED, r%($on!%n&(.

NARE-ANTAGO, J.4

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N *NG T"E AALED DECON, T"E "ONORALE CO*RT O+ APPEAL PER+*NCTORL R*"ED ADE T"ECONTROLLNG PRECEDENT LAD DON T" "ONORALE CO*RT N EO TANDARD EATERN, NC. I. CO*RT

O+ APPEAL AND *NTED CGARETTE CORPORATON AND OT"ER COMPANON CAE "OLDNG T"AT NO TRADEMAR# N+RNGEMENT CAN POL OCC*R "ERE T"E CONTENDNG PARTE DEAL T" GOOD ANDERICE T"AT ARE TOTALL *NRELATED AND NON-COMPETNG T" EAC" OT"ER.

N ARTRARL AND CAPRCO*L R*LNG T"AT T"E *E RAED N PETTONER CERTORAR PETTON AREK*ETON O+ +ACT, T"E "ONORALE CO*RT O+ APPEAL IOLATED NOT ONL PETTONER *TANTIE D*EPROCE RG"T *T ALO T"E ELL-ETTLED R*LE T"AT T"E ALLEGATON O+ T"E COMPLANT "POT"ETCALL ADMTTED "EN T"E MOTON TO DM GRO*NDED *PON LAC# O+ CA*E O+ ACTON.MOREOIER, NDEPENDENT O+ T"E "POT"ETCALL ADMTTED +ACT EMODED N T"E COMPLANT A K*O, T"EREARE EL+-EIDENT +ACT AND MPLEDL ADMTTED +ACT CONTANED N PRIATE REPONDENT PLEADNG T"ATO*LD CLEARL AND *NMTA#AL "O PRIATE REPONDENT LAC# O+ CA*E O+ ACTON AGANT "ERENPETTONER.

T"E "ONORALE CO*RT O+ APPEAL IOLATED PETTONER RG"T TO *TANTIE D*E PROCE "EN TARTRARL AND CAPRCO*L R*LED T"AT "AT A PEC+CALL DENED N T"E AALED OCTOER 20, 2000ORDER PETTONER MOTON +OR PRELMNAR "EARNG ON DE+ENDANT A++RMATIE DE+ENE AND NOTPETTONER MOTON TO DM PER E CONDERNG T"AT4

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A. T"ERE AOL*TEL NOT"NG N T"E ORDER DATED OCTOER 20, 2000 O+ REPONDENT J*DGE "C"*GGET T"AT T"E REOL*TON O+ PETTONER MOTON TO DM PER E A "ELD N AEANCE T"EREPONDENT J*DGE. "ENCE T"E AD ORDER DATED OCTOER 20, 2000 ALO CONTT*TE A DENAL ON T"EMERT O+ PETTONER MOTON TO DM PER E AND NOT MEREL O+ PETTONER MOTON +OR PRELMNAR"EARNG T"EREON.

. PRIATE REPONDENT COMMENT AND OPPOTON DATED 11 A*G*T 2000, "C" A CTED AND*TANED REPONDENT J*DGE, CLEARL TRAIERED T"E MERT O+ T"E GRO*ND +OR PETTONER MOTON

TO DM PER E. "ENCE, T"E AD 20 OCTOER 2000 ORDER DENAL O+ PETTONER MOTON NOTLMTED TO T"E MOTON +OR PRELMNAR "EARNG *T ALO CONTT*TE A DENAL O+ PETTONER MOTON

TO DM PER E.

I

N ARTRARL AND CAPRCO*L R*LNG T"AT ATT. ALONO ANC"ETA PROPERL IER+ED AND CERT+EDPRIATE REPONDENT COMPLANT A K*O, T"E "ONORALE CO*RT O+ APPEAL IOLATED NOT ONLPETTONER *TANTIE D*E PROCE RG"T, *T ALO T"E DOCTRNE O+ EPARATE CORPORATEPERONALT CONDERNG T"AT T"E RECORD O+ T" CAE >('? COMPLETEL ERE+T AND DEIOD O+ AND*L EVEC*TED PECAL POER O+ ATTORNE, EMANATNG +ROM PRIATE REPONDENT, "C" EVPLCTL ANDPEC+CALL A*T"ORE ATT. ALONO ANC"ETA TO REPREENT PRIATE REPONDENT MONTRE ROLEV .A. N

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n Mun''$a'&y o 'Xan Launa ). Cour& o A$$%a(,13 !%'!%! un!%r &% o! Ru%( o C')' Pro%!ur%, '& ;a( %!&a& a $r%''nary %ar'n $%r'&&%! un!%r Ru% 1E$a('( (u$$'%!?

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49/73

on &% %n&'r%y !'F%r%n& oo!(.1< T'( ru'n, o;%)%r, a( %%n &o (o% %&%n&, o!'%! y %&'on 123.1>? o &%n&%%&ua Pro$%r&y Co!% >R%$u' A& No. 8293?, ;' &oo: %F%& on January 1, 1998. T% (a'! (%&'on r%a!(4

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>? &% %u(')'&y o u(% a&&a'n%! y &% ar: 'n &% ;or!

>'? &% o%r'a )au% a&&r'u&%! &o &% ar: 'n &% ;or!

>=? &% r%or! o (u%((u $ro&%&'on o &% r'&( 'n &% ar:

>:? &% ou&o% o '&'a&'on( !%a'n ;'& &% '((u% o ;%&%r &% ar: '( a ;%-:no;n ar: an!

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>? &% $r%(%n% o a(%n% o '!%n&'a or (''ar ar:( )a'!y r%'(&%r%! or or u(%! on '!%n&'a or (''ar oo!( or(%r)'%( an! o;n%! y $%r(on( o&%r &an &% $%r(on a''n &a& '( ar: '( a ;%-:no;n ar:.

2. T% u(% o &% ;%-:no;n ar: on &% %n&'r%y unr%a&%! oo!( or (%r)'%( ;ou! 'n!'a&% a onn%&'on %&;%%n

(u unr%a&%! oo!( or (%r)'%( an! &o(% oo!( or (%r)'%( ($%'%! 'n &% %r&'a&% o r%'(&ra&'on 'n &% ;%:no;n ar:. T'( r%6u'r%%n& r%%r( &o &% ':%'oo! o onu('on o or''n or u('n%(( or (o% u('n%(( onn%&'onor r%a&'on('$ %&;%%n &% r%'(&ran& an! &% u(%r o &% ar:.

3. T% 'n&%r%(&( o &% o;n%r o &% ;%-:no;n ar: ar% ':%y &o % !aa%!. +or 'n(&an%, ' &% r%'(&ran& ;' %$r%u!%! ro %$an!'n '&( u('n%(( &o &o(% unr%a&%! oo! or (%r)'%(, or ' &% 'n&%r%(&( o &% r%'(&ran& o &%;%-:no;n ar: ;' % !aa%! %au(% o &% 'n%r'or 6ua'&y o &% oo! or (%r)'%( o &% u(%r.18

%&'on 123.1>? '( %ary 'n $o'n& %au(% &% Mu(' Loun% o $%&'&'on%r '( %n&'r%y unr%a&%! &o r%($on!%n&(u('n%(( 'n)o)'n ;a&%(, o:(, ra%%&(, %&. "o;%)%r, &% Cour& anno& y%& r%(o)% &% %r'&( o &% $r%(%n&on&ro)%r(y on('!%r'n &a& &% r%6u'('&%( or &% a$$'a&'on o %&'on 123.1>?, ;' on(&'&u&% &% :%rn% '((u%a& ar, %ary r%6u'r% !%&%r'na&'on a&( o ;' n%%! &o % r%(o)%! a& &% &r'a our&. T% %'(&%n% or a(%n%o &%(% r%6u'('&%( (ou! % a!!r%((%! 'n a u o;n %ar'n an! no& on a %r% $r%''nary %ar'n. T%r%($on!%n& u(& % ')%n a$% o$$or&un'&y &o $ro)% '&( a', an! &% $%&'&'on%r &o !%un: &% (a%.

T% (a% '( &ru% ;'& r%($%& &o &% '((u% o ;%&%r A&&y. Aon/o An%&a ;a( $ro$%ry au&or'/%! &o ('n &%)%r'a&'on an! %r&'a&'on aa'n(& oru (o$$'n 'n %a o r%($on!%n&(. T'( ou! % $ro$%ry r%(o)%! !ur'n&% &r'a &o%&%r ;'& &% (u(&an&')% '((u%( ra'(%! y $%&'&'on%r.

Con('!%r'n &a& &% &r'a our& orr%&y !%n'%! $%&'&'on%r( o&'on or $r%''nary %ar'n on '&( a@ra&')%!%%n(%( ;'& o&'on &o !'('((, &%r% %'(&( no r%a(on &o o$% A&&y. An%&a &o &%(&'y. "%n%, no au(% o!'(r%&'on ;a( o'&&%! y &% &r'a our& 'n 6ua('n &% (u$o%na a! &%(&'an!u '((u%! aa'n(& A&&y. An%&a.

51


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Gra)% au(% o !'(r%&'on '$'%( (u a$r''ou( an! ;'('a %%r'(% o =u!%n& a( %6u')a%n& &o a: o =ur'(!'&'on, or, 'n o&%r ;or!(, ;%r% &% $o;%r '( %%r'(%! 'n an ar'&rary or !%($o&' ann%r y r%a(on o $a(('onor $%r(ona o(&''&y, an! '& u(& % (o $a&%n& an! ro(( a( &o aoun& &o an %)a('on o $o('&')% !u&y or &o a )'r&uar%u(a &o $%ror &% !u&y %n=o'n%! or &o a& a& a 'n on&%$a&'on o a;. Non% o &%(% ;a( o'&&%! y &%&r'a our& %n%, &% Cour& o A$$%a( orr%&y !'('((%! &% $%&'&'on.

"ERE+ORE, 'n )'%; o a &% or%o'n, &% $%&'&'on or r%)'%; on %r&'orar' %! y $%&'&'on%r '( DENED. T%No)%%r 28, 2002 D%'('on an! &% +%ruary 13, 2003 R%(ou&'on o &% Cour& o A$$%a( 'n CA-G.R. P No.


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T'( '( a $%&'&'on or r%)'%; on %r&'orar'1 (%%:'n &o r%)%r(% an! (%& a('!% &% D%'('on !a&%! Auu(& 7, 20092 an!&% R%(ou&'on !a&%! O&o%r 28, 20093 o &% Cour& o A$$%a( >CA? 'n CA-G.R. P No. 108D%ra'n%? %! %or% &% n&%%&ua Pro$%r&y O@% >PO? ana$$'a&'on or r%'(&ra&'on o &% &ra!%ar: BDERMALNE DERMALNE, NC.B >A$$'a&'on No. -200


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Myra a(o $o'n&%! ou& &a& D%ra'n% a$$'%! or &% (a% ar: BDERMALNEB on Jun% 3, 2003 an! ;a( ar%a!yr%u(%! r%'(&ra&'on y &% PO. y 'n &'( n%; a$$'a&'on or r%'(&ra&'on, D%ra'n% a$$%ar( &o a)% %na%! 'na ('n %$%!'&'on or &% a$$ro)a o '&( ar:. Myra aru%! &a& '&( 'n&%%&ua $ro$%r&y r'& o)%r '&( &ra!%ar: '($ro&%&%! un!%r %&'on 17< o R.A. No. 8293.

Myra a((%r&%! &a& &% ar: BDERMALNE DERMALNE, NC.B '( auray (''ar &o '&( o;n ar: (u &a& &%r%'(&ra&'on an! u(% o D%ra'n%( a$$'%! ar: ;' %na% '& &o o&a'n %n%& ro Myra( r%$u&a&'on, oo!;' an!a!)%r&'('n an! ;' %a! &% $u' 'n&o %'%)'n &a& D%ra'n% '(, 'n any ;ay, onn%&%! &o Myra. Myra a!!%! &a&%)%n ' &% (u=%& a$$'a&'on ;a( un!%r Ca(('a&'on 7 or )ar'ou( (:'n &r%a&%n&(, '& ou! (&' % onn%&%! &o&% BDERMALNB ar: un!%r Ca(('a&'on 58 or $ara%u&'a $ro!u&(, ('n% u&'a&%y &%(% oo!( ar% )%ryo(%y r%a&%!.

n '&( I%r'%! An(;%r,9 D%ra'n% oun&%r%! &a& a ('$% o$ar'(on o &% &ra!%ar: BDERMALNE DERMALNE,

NC.B )'(-W-)'( Myra( BDERMALNB &ra!%ar: ;ou! (o; &a& &%y a)% %n&'r%y !'F%r%n& %a&ur%( an! !'(&'n&')%$r%(%n&a&'on, &u( '& anno& r%(u& 'n onu('on, '(&a:% or !%%$&'on on &% $ar& o &% $ura('n $u'. D%ra'n%on&%n!%! &a&, 'n !%&%r'n'n ' &% (u=%& &ra!%ar:( ar% onu('ny (''ar, a o$ar'(on o &% ;or!( '( no&&% ony !%&%r'nan&, u& &%'r %n&'r%&y u(& % on('!%r%! 'n r%a&'on &o &% oo!( &o ;' &%y ar% a&&a%!,'nu!'n &% o&%r %a&ur%( a$$%ar'n 'n o& a%(. & a'%! &a& &%r% ;%r% ar'n an! (&r':'n !'((''ar'&'%(%&;%%n &% &;o &ra!%ar:(, (u &a& '&( &ra!%ar: BDERMALNE DERMALNE, NC.B ($%a:( or '&(% >R%( '$(ao6u'&ur?. D%ra'n% ur&%r aru%! &a& &%r% ou! no& % any r%a&'on %&;%%n '&( &ra!%ar: or %a& an! %au&y(%r)'%( ro Myra( &ra!%ar: a(('%! un!%r %!''na oo!( aa'n(& (:'n !'(or!%r(.

T% $ar&'%( a'%! &o (%&&% a'ay. Con(%6u%n&y, &% $r%''nary on%r%n% ;a( &%r'na&%! an! &%y ;%r%!'r%&%! &o % &%'r r%($%&')% $o('&'on $a$%r(.10

On A$r' 10, 2008, &% PO-ur%au o L%a AFa'r( r%n!%r%! D%'('on No. 2008-7011 (u(&a'n'n Myra( o$$o('&'on$ur(uan& &o %&'on 123.1>!? o R.A. No. 8293. & !'($o(%!H

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"ERE+ORE, &% I%r'%! O$$o('&'on '(, a( '& '(, %r%y *TANED. Con(%6u%n&y, A$$'a&'on %r'a No. -200D?13 !a&%! January 1


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on&ro)%r('%(, %a a(% u(& % (ru&'n'/%! aor!'n &o '&( $%u'ar 'ru(&an%(, (u &a& =ur'($ru!%n&'a$r%%!%n&( (ou! ony % a!% &o a$$y ' &%y ar% ($%'ay 'n $o'n&.1<

A( Myra orr%&y $o('&(, a( a r%'(&%r%! &ra!%ar: o;n%r, '& a( &% r'& un!%r %&'on 17 o R.A. No. 8293 &o

$r%)%n& &'r! $ar&'%( ro u('n a &ra!%ar:, or (''ar ('n( or on&a'n%r( or oo!( or (%r)'%(, ;'&ou& '&(on(%n&, '!%n&'a or (''ar &o '&( r%'(&%r%! &ra!%ar:, ;%r% (u u(% ;ou! r%(u& 'n a ':%'oo! o onu('on.

n !%&%r'n'n ':%'oo! o onu('on, a(% a; a( !%)%o$%! &;o >2? &%(&(, &% Do'nany T%(& an! &% "o'(&' or To&a'&y T%(&.

T% Do'nany T%(& ou(%( on &% (''ar'&y o &% $r%)a%n& %a&ur%( o &% o$%&'n &ra!%ar:( &a& '&au(% onu('on or !%%$&'on.17 & '( a$$'%! ;%n &% &ra!%ar: (ou& &o % r%'(&%r%! on&a'n( &% a'n,

%((%n&'a an! !o'nan& %a&ur%( o &% %ar'%r r%'(&%r%! &ra!%ar:, an! onu('on or !%%$&'on '( ':%y &o r%(u&.Du$'a&'on or ''&a&'on '( no& %)%n r%6u'r%! n%'&%r '( '& n%%((ary &a& &% a% o &% a$$'%! ar: or r%'(&ra&'on(ou! (u%(& an %For& &o ''&a&%. T% '$or&an& '((u% '( ;%&%r &% u(% o &% ar:( 'n)o)%! ;ou! ':%y au(%onu('on or '(&a:% 'n &% 'n! o or !%%')% &% or!'nary $ura(%r, or on% ;o '( au(&o%! &o uy, an!&%r%or% &o (o% %&%n& a''ar ;'&, &% oo!( 'n 6u%(&'on.18 G')%n r%a&%r on('!%ra&'on ar% &% aura an! )'(ua'$r%(('on( r%a&%! y &% ar:( 'n &% $u' 'n!, ')'n '&&% ;%'& &o a&or( ':% $r'%(, 6ua'&y, (a%( ou&%&(,an! ar:%& (%%n&(.19 T% &%(& o !o'nany '( no; %$''&y 'nor$ora&%! 'n&o a; 'n %&'on 155.1 o R.A. No.8293 ;' $ro)'!%(H

155.1. *(% 'n o%r% any r%$ro!u&'on, oun&%r%'&, o$y, or oora% ''&a&'on o a r%'(&%r%! ar: or &% (a%on&a'n%r or a !o'nan& %a&ur% &%r%o 'n onn%&'on ;'& &% (a%, oF%r'n or (a%, !'(&r'u&'on, a!)%r&'('n o anyoo!( or (%r)'%( 'nu!'n o&%r $r%$ara&ory (&%$( n%%((ary &o arry ou& &% (a% o any oo!( or (%r)'%( on or 'nonn%&'on ;'& ;' (u u(% '( ':%y &o au(% onu('on, or &o au(% '(&a:%, or &o !%%')% >%$a('( (u$$'%!?

On &% o&%r an!, &% "o'(&' T%(& %n&a'( a on('!%ra&'on o &% %n&'r%&y o &% ar:( a( a$$'%! &o &% $ro!u&(,'nu!'n a%( an! $a:a'n, 'n !%&%r'n'n onu('n (''ar'&y. T% (ru&'n'/'n %y% o &% o(%r)%r u(& ou(

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no& ony on &% $r%!o'nan& ;or!( u& a(o on &% o&%r %a&ur%( a$$%ar'n 'n o& a%( (o &a& a onu('on ay% !ra;n a( &o ;%&%r on% '( onu('ny (''ar &o &% o&%r.20

R%a&')% &o &% 6u%(&'on on onu('on o ar:( an! &ra!% na%(, =ur'($ru!%n% a( no&%! &;o >2? &y$%( o onu('on,

)'/4 >1? onu('on o oo!( >$ro!u& onu('on?, ;%r% &% or!'nar'y $ru!%n& $ura(%r ;ou! % 'n!u%! &o$ura(% on% $ro!u& 'n &% %'% &a& % ;a( $ura('n &% o&%r an! >2? onu('on o u('n%(( >(our% or or''nonu('on?, ;%r%, a&ou &% oo!( o &% $ar&'%( ar% !'F%r%n&, &% $ro!u&, &% ar: o ;' r%'(&ra&'on '(a$$'%! or y on% $ar&y, '( (u a( '& r%a(onay % a((u%! &o or''na&% ;'& &% r%'(&ran& o an %ar'%r$ro!u&, an! &% $u' ;ou! &%n % !%%')%! %'&%r 'n&o &a& %'% or 'n&o &% %'% &a& &%r% '( (o% onn%&'on%&;%%n &% &;o $ar&'%(, &ou 'n%'(&%n&.21

n r%=%&'n &% a$$'a&'on o D%ra'n% or &% r%'(&ra&'on o '&( ar: BDERMALNE DERMALNE, NC.,B &% POa$$'%! &% Do'nany T%(&. & !%ar%! &a& o& onu('on o oo!( an! (%r)'% an! onu('on o u('n%(( or o

or''n ;%r% a$$ar%n& 'n o& &ra!%ar:(. & a(o no&%! &a&, $%r ur%au D%'('on No. 2007-179 !a&%! D%%%r ,2007, '& ar%a!y (u(&a'n%! &% o$$o('&'on o Myra 'n)o)'n &% &ra!%ar: BDERMALNEB o D%ra'n% un!%rCa(('a&'on 5. T% PO a(o u$%! Myra( r'& un!%r %&'on 138 o R.A. No. 8293, ;' $ro)'!%( &a& a%r&'a&'on o r%'(&ra&'on o a ar: '( $r'a a'% %)'!%n% o &% )a'!'&y o &% r%'(&ra&'on, &% r%'(&ran&(o;n%r('$ o &% ar:, an! o &% r%'(&ran&( %u(')% r'& &o u(% &% (a% 'n onn%&'on ;'& &% oo!( an!&o(% &a& ar% r%a&%! &%r%&o ($%'%! 'n &% %r&'a&%.

% ar%% ;'& &% n!'n( o &% PO. A( orr%&y a$$'%! y &% PO 'n &'( a(%, ;'% &%r% ar% no (%& ru%( &a&an % !%!u%! a( ;a& on(&'&u&%( a !o'nan& %a&ur% ;'& r%($%& &o &ra!%ar:( a$$'%! or r%'(&ra&'on u(uay,

;a& ar% &a:%n 'n&o aoun& ar% ('n(, oor, !%('n, $%u'ar (a$% or na%, or (o% ($%'a, %a('y r%%%r%!%arar:( o &% ran! &a& r%a!'y a&&ra&( an! a&%( &% a&&%n&'on o &% or!'nary on(u%r.22

D%ra'n%( 'n('(&%n% &a& '&( a$$'%! &ra!%ar: BDERMALNE DERMALNE, NC.B a! !'F%r%n%( B&oo (&r':'n &o %'(&a:%nB ro Myra( BDERMALNB anno&, &%r%or%, % (u(&a'n%!. '% '& '( &ru% &a& &% &;o ar:( ar%$r%(%n&%! !'F%r%n&y U D%ra'n%( ar: '( ;r'&&%n ;'& &% r(& BDERMALNEB 'n (r'$& o'n !'aonay u$;ar!(ro %& &o r'&, ;'& an u$$%r a(% BDB oo;%! y &% r%(& o &% %&&%r( 'n o;%r a(%, an! &% $or&'on

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BDERMALNE, NC.B '( ;r'&&%n 'n u$$%r a(% %&&%r(, %o; an! (a%r &an &% on-an! $or&'on ;'% Myra( ar:BDERMALNB '( ;r'&&%n 'n an u$r'& on&, ;'& a a$'&a BDB an! oo;%! y o;%r a(% %&&%r( U &% ':%'oo! oonu('on '( (&' a$$ar%n&. T'( '( %au(% &%y ar% ao(& ($%%! 'n &% (a% ;ay, %%$& or D%ra'n%( ar:;' %n!( ;'& &% %&&%r BE,B an! &%y ar% $ronoun%! $ra&'ay 'n &% (a% ann%r 'n &r%% >3? (ya%(, ;'&&% %n!'n %&&%r BEB 'n D%ra'n%( ar: $ronoun%! ('%n&y. Tu(, ;%n an or!'nary $ura(%r, or %a$%, %ar(

an a!)%r&'(%%n& o D%ra'n%( a$$'%! &ra!%ar: o)%r &% ra!'o, an%( ar% % ;' a((o'a&% '& ;'& Myra(r%'(&%r%! ar:.

+ur&%r, D%ra'n%( (&an% &a& '&( $ro!u& %on( &o a (%$ara&% an! !'F%r%n& a(('a&'on ro Myra( $ro!u&(;'& &% r%'(&%r%! &ra!%ar: !o%( no& %ra!'a&% &% $o(('''&y o '(&a:% on &% $ar& o &% $ura('n $u' &oa((o'a&% &% or%r ;'& &% a&&%r, %($%'ay on('!%r'n &a& o& a(('a&'on( $%r&a'n &o &r%a&%n&( or &%(:'n.1a))$'1

n!%%!, &% r%'(&%r%! &ra!%ar: o;n%r ay u(% '&( ar: on &% (a% or (''ar $ro!u&(, 'n !'F%r%n& (%%n&( o&% ar:%&, an! a& !'F%r%n& $r'% %)%( !%$%n!'n on )ar'a&'on( o &% $ro!u&( or ($%' (%%n&( o &% ar:%&.

T% Cour& '( on'/an& &a& &% r%'(&%r%! &ra!%ar: o;n%r %n=oy( $ro&%&'on 'n $ro!u& an! ar:%& ar%a( &a& ar%&% nora $o&%n&'a %$an('on o '( u('n%((. Tu(, ;% a)% %! U

Mo!%rn a; r%on'/%( &a& &% $ro&%&'on &o ;' &% o;n%r o a &ra!%ar: '( %n&'&%! '( no& ''&%! &o uar!'n '(oo!( or u('n%(( ro a&ua ar:%& o$%&'&'on ;'& '!%n&'a or (''ar $ro!u&( o &% $ar&'%(, u& %&%n!( &o aa(%( 'n ;' &% u(% y a =un'or a$$ro$r'a&or o a &ra!%-ar: or &ra!%-na% '( ':%y &o %a! &o a onu('on o(our%, a( ;%r% $ro($%&')% $ura(%r( ;ou! % '(%! 'n&o &'n:'n &a& &% o$a'n'n $ar&y a( %&%n!%! '(

u('n%(( 'n&o &% %! >(%% 18 ALR 5< %& (%6 53 A Jur. 57


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'(%! &a& Myra a( ar%a!y %$an!%! '&( u('n%(( &rou D%ra'n% ro %r%y arry'n $ara%u&'a &o$'aa$$'a&'on( or &% (:'n &o %a& an! %au&y (%r)'%(.

I%r'y, ;%n on% a$$'%( or &% r%'(&ra&'on o a &ra!%ar: or a% ;' '( ao(& &% (a% or &a& )%ry o(%y

r%(%%( on% ar%a!y u(%! an! r%'(&%r%! y ano&%r, &% a$$'a&'on (ou! % r%=%&%! an! !'('((%! ou&r'&,%)%n ;'&ou& any o$$o('&'on on &% $ar& o &% o;n%r an! u(%r o a $r%)'ou(y r%'(&%r%! a% or &ra!%ar:. T'( '('n&%n!%! no& ony &o a)o'! onu('on on &% $ar& o &% $u', u& a(o &o $ro&%& an ar%a!y u(%! an! r%'(&%r%!&ra!%ar: an! an %(&a'(%! oo!;'.2

%('!%(, &% '((u% on $ro&%&'on o 'n&%%&ua $ro$%r&y, (u a( &ra!%ar:(, '( a&ua 'n na&ur%. T% n!'n( o &%PO, u$%! on a$$%a y &% (a% o@%, an! ur&%r (u(&a'n%! y &% CA, %ar r%a& ;%'& an! !%(%r)%( r%($%&ro &'( Cour&. Mor%o)%r, &% !%'('on o &% PO a! ar%a!y a&&a'n%! na'&y ;%n D%ra'n% a'%! &o &'%y %'&( a$$%a ;'& &% PO O@% o &% D'r%&or G%n%ra.

"ERE+ORE, &% $%&'&'on '( DENED. T% D%'('on !a&%! Auu(& 7, 2009 an! &% R%(ou&'on !a&%! O&o%r 28, 2009o &% Cour& o A$$%a( 'n CA-G.R. P No. 108


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G.R. No. 138900 %$&%%r 20, 2005

LEI TRA* CO., LEI TRA* >P"L.?, NC., P%&'&'on%r(,

)(.CLNTON APPARELLE, NC., R%($on!%n&.

D E C O N

T'na, J.4

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