Initiatives to promote shared-decision-making: ACP, GOPC ...
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Initiatives to promote shared-decision-making:
ACP, GOPC, CPR decision-making
a Victorian perspective
Dr Barbara Hayes Palliative Care Physician
Clinical Leader – Northern Health ACP Program
2015 ‘ACP in 3-Steps’ © Northern Health 2009
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Advance Care Planning
Goals of Patient Care
CPR/NFR decision-making
SHARED DECISION-MAKING
‘ACP in 3-Steps’ © Northern Health 2009
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Goals of Patient Care Summary
Doctor directed
In consultation with patient and/or Person Responsible and family
Planning for urgent situations or for when treating clinicians are not around
‘ACP in 3-Steps’ © Northern Health 2009
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Advance Care Planning
Patient directed
In consultation with the clinicians
Planning for when the patient can’t speak for themselves
‘ACP in 3-Steps’ © Northern Health 2009
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Advance Care Planning
Goals of Patient Care
CPR/NFR decision-making
‘ACP in 3-Steps’ © Northern Health 2009
![Page 6: Initiatives to promote shared-decision-making: ACP, GOPC ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051217/6278ec9434450b4ebd499136/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
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Advance Care Planning
Goals of Patient Care
CPR/NFR decision-making
‘ACP in 3-Steps’ © Northern Health 2009
![Page 8: Initiatives to promote shared-decision-making: ACP, GOPC ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051217/6278ec9434450b4ebd499136/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
‘ACP in 3-Steps’ © Northern Health 2009
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Firstly –
Documents correct ‘Person Responsible’ and Medical Enduring Power of Attorney if appointed
Documents prior Advance Care Planning
‘ACP in 3-Steps’ © Northern Health 2009
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Medical treatment goals based on -
…then within those constraints
…leading to
(i) A medical assessment & a medical decision about treatment and what is clinically possible
(ii) A shared decision-making discussion between clinician and patient and/or substitute decision-maker
An agreed medical treatment plan including: - Overall medical treatment goals & - Specific emergency medical treatments / limitations
‘ACP in 3-Steps’ © Northern Health 2009
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Medical treatment goals based on -
…then within those constraints
…leading to
(i) A medical assessment & a medical decision about treatment and what is clinically possible
(ii) A shared decision-making discussion between clinician and patient and/or substitute decision-maker
An agreed medical treatment plan including: - Overall medical treatment goals & - Specific emergency medical treatments / limitations
Taking into account prior ACP
‘ACP in 3-Steps’ © Northern Health 2009
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Thirdly - • The medical orders can be endorsed after Consultant
review to continue in the community or at another health service such as Residential Aged Care:
should NOT come as a surprise after discharge
‘ACP in 3-Steps’ © Northern Health 2009
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Advance Care Planning
Goals of Patient Care
CPR/NFR decision-making
‘ACP in 3-Steps’ © Northern Health 2009
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Would the patient survive
CPR?
NO
Dying patient
Discuss good dying
Medically unwell - not imminently
dying
Discuss why CPR not being
offered
Possibly YES
Very poor outcome likely
from CPR
Discuss why CPR may be
inappropriate but accept
opposite view
Uncertain outcome from
CPR
Discuss to obtain informed
decision
© B Hayes PhD 2011
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Would the patient
RESPOND TO THE
TREATMENT?
NO
Dying patient
Discuss good dying
Medically unwell - not imminently
dying
Discuss why THE
TREATMENT not being offered
Possibly YES
Very poor outcome likely
from THE TREATMENT
Discuss why THE TREATMENT may be inappropriate
but accept opposite view
Uncertain outcome from
THE TREATMENT
Discuss to obtain informed
decision
© B Hayes PhD 2011
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Two experts in shared decision-making
The doctor and treating team
are the experts in the medicine
The Patient their SDM and broader family
are the experts on the patient
Together they come to a shared understanding
about what would be in the best interests of the patient
‘ACP in 3-Steps’ © Northern Health 2009
+
=
They interpret the medicine – within the patient’s context
They interpret who the patient is- and what is important to them.
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` References
• Brimblecombe C, Crosbie D, Lim WK, Hayes B. The Goals of Patient Care project: implementing a proactive approach to patient-centred decision making. Internal Medicine Journal. 2014; 44(10):961-966
• Thomas R, Hayes B, Ashby M. Goals of care: a clinical framework for limitation of medical treatment. MJA. 201 (8):452-455
• Hayes B. Clinical model for ethical cardiopulmonary resuscitation decision-making. Internal Medicine Journal. 2013; 43:77-83.