Initial Environmental Examination...Department of Tourism, GoTN 4 [[[[[EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. Palani...

Initial Environmental Examination

This report has been submitted to ADB by the Government of Tamil Nadu, Chennai and is made publicly available in accordance with ADB’s public communications policy (2011). It does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB.

This initial environmental examination report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, of by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

Project Number: 40638-033 September 2016

Loan 2833-IND: Infrastructure Development Investment Program for Tourism – Project 2

Submitted by

Department of Tourism and Culture, Government of Tamil Nadu

Project: Tourism-Project Management Unit (ADB-IDIPT-TN) – Loan No.2833-IND - Department of Tourism - Infrastructure Development & Investment Programme for Tourism TN Project 2.

Sub: Tranche II program: Revised IEE (Palani)

Ref: ADB E-mail dt. 01 September, 2016

Dear Saurav Majumder,

We refer to the above.

In respect of the Tranche II program sub-projects comprising of 12 Towns with various categories of works made out through 20 Contract Packages commenced during 2013-2014 and now nearing

completion – 2016, the Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) reports furnished to ADB (by PMU) and accordingly the 20 Contracts Awarded with the PCSS Number assigned to the Contracts on

completion of IEEs and SSDDRs. (Similarly the Social Safeguard Due Diligence Report – SSDDR in respect of all the towns furnished and so also the PCSS number assigned for Contracts Award).

Now, all the works in respect of the above are nearing completion in respect of Tranche II program and the Tranche IV program preparations are underway. (Also brought to kind attention is the fact that as

part of review of IEE by ADB during January 2015, it is indicated that the “IEE’s are generally satisfactory” and this could be read with assignment of PCSS Number for Award of Contracts)

In the above context, it is naturally surprising that the issue of IEE is being discussed at this stage (of the project – Tranche II completion) wherein all the works is poised for completion shortly and no cue on this count could be visualized at this stage.

Further, on verification of the records it is found that the Revised IEE (Palani) has been furnished during the

month of January 2015 (copy of the communication made as above is attached for reference).

However, as desired, the Public Consultation is included and IEE furnished (Chapter 6.0 Public Consultation

and Disclosure).

Regarding the O&M of garbage collection, it is to state that this work – Deep Earth Bins has been dropped from

the Tranche II program.

For kind information and needful,

Regards,

PMU

IDIPT-TN

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY………………………………………………… 04

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background……………………………………….………………………. 08

1.2 Project Components……………………………………….……………… 08

1.3 Project Cost - Component Wise…………………………….………….… 08

1.4 Operation & Maintenance Cost………………………………………….. 09

1.5 Purpose of the IEE……………………………………………………….. 09

1.6 Environmental Regulatory Compliance………………………………….. 10

1.7 Report Structure ………………………………………………………….. 15

2.0 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT COMPONENTS

2.1 Description & Need of the project………………………………………. 16

2.2 Proposed Facilities………………………………………………………... 16

2.3 Components of the Subproject…………………………………………… 17

2.4 Sanitray Complex…………………………………………………………. 18

2.5 Deployment Schedule……………………….……………………………. 18

3.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE EXISTING ENVIRONMENT

3.1 Environmental Profile ………………………………………….………… 19

3.1.1 Physical Characteristics……………………….…………….. 19

3.1.2 Accessibility ………………………………………………… 19

3.1.3 Physical & Geographical features ………………………….. 19

3.1.4 Trade and Commerce……………………………………….. 20

3.1.5 Administration……………………………………………… 20

3.1.6 Tourism……………………………………………………… 20

TABLE OF CONTENTS

3.1.7 Tourism Places………………………………………………. 21

3.1.8 Socio-Economic Condition…………………………………. 23

3.1.9 Population Details………………………………………….. 23

3.1.10 Existing Infrastructure Facilities……………………………. 24

3.2 Environmental Profile – Site Specific …………………………………… 27

3.2.1 Description of Project………………………………………. 27

3.2.2 Site Details…………………………………………………. 27

4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 Location Impacts…………………………………………………………. 28

4.2 Design Impacts and Pre-Construction Impacts ………………………….. 29

4.3 Construction Impacts …………………………………………………….. 29

4.4 Operation and Maintenance Impacts …………………………………….. 30

4.5 Cumulative Impact Assessment………………………………………….. 30

4.6 Environment Management Plan ………………………………………….. 33

5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

5.1 Institutional Arrangements……………………………………………….. 34

5.2 Program Management …………………………………………………… 34

5.2.1 Safeguards Management…………………………………….. . 37

5.3 Environmental Management Plan ………………………………………... 39

5.4 Envrionmental Monitoring Plan…………………………………………… 54

5.5 Capacity Building …………………………………………………………. 58

5.5.1 Target Audience………………………………………………. 58

TABLE OF CONTENTS

5.5.2 Envirionmental Awareness Building…………………………. 63

5.6 Environmental Budget ……………………………………………………. 64

5.7 Environmental Monitoring and Reporting ……………………………….. 64

6.0 PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE

6.1 Process for Consultation followed ……………………………………… 66

6.2 Plan for Continued Public Participation ………………………………….. 66

6.3 Grievance Redress Mechanism …………………………………………… 67

7.0 FINDINGS & RECOMMENDATIONS …………………………………… 69

8.0 CONCLUSIONS …………………………………………………………….. 70

List of Tables

Table 1 Applicability of Acts and Ruels………………………………… 10

Table 2 Sanitary complex Location……………………………………… 18

Table 3 Population Details & Tourist Inflow……………………………. 23

Table 4 Environmental Management Plan……………………………….. 40

Table 5 Environmental Monitoring Plan………………………………….. 55

Table 6 Traning Modules For Environmental Managment……………….. 59

Table 7 Envrionmental Budget…………………………………………… 64

List of Figures

Figure No. 1 Palani Regional Settings ……………………………………… 19

Figure No. 2 Murugan Temple ……………………………………………… 21

Figure No. 3 Thiru Avinanakudi Temple …………………………………… 21

Figure No. 4 The Kuthiraiyar Dam Falls ……………………………………. 22

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Figure No. 5 Bison Wells……………………………………………………. 22

Figure No. 6 View of Existing Toilets………………………………………. 25

Figure No. 7 Existing Garbage Collection Bins…………………………….. 26

Figure No. 8 Existing Street Lighting……………………………………….. 26

List of Appendix

Appendix 1……Contract Clauses To Be Integrated Into Bid Documents…… 71

1.0 Construction of Sanitary Complex………………………………………. 71

2.0 Provision of Deep Earth Bins…………………………………………. 74

3.0 Installation of Signage’s…………………………………………………. 76

4.0 Provision of Street Furniture’s…………………………………………... 77

5.0 General ………………………………………………………………….. 77

Appendix 2…………Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist…… 89

Appendix 3…………Deployment Sequence of Key Experts ……………….. 93

Appendix 4…………Environmental Monitoring Format……………………. 95

Appendix 5…………Sample Grievance Registration Form…………………. 97

Initial Environmental Examination Construction of sanitary complexes for the floating population, placement of gravity entailed

deep earth bins for garbage collection (2.5 cubic meters), Placement of tourism friendly

uniform signage‘s for convenience of the tourists and Placement of street furniture such as

litter bins & benches for the comforts of travelling tourists in Palani Town, Dindugal District,

Tamilnadu.

Revised Initial Environmental Examination - Palani

July 2014 IND: Infrastructure Development Investment Program for Tourism (IDIPT) — Project 2: Tamil Nadu ADB Loan: 2833 IND Prepared by the Government of Tamil Nadu for the Asian Development Bank

Infrastructure development Investment Program for Tourism, Tamil Nadu (IDIPT-TN) ( Project – 2)

IEE - Palani

Department of Tourism, GoTN 3

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ABBREVIATIONS

ADB - Asian Development Bank

CPCB - Central Pollution Control Board

CRZ - Coastal Regulation Zone

CPHEEO – Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organization, GoI

DOT - Department of Tourism

DSC- Design and Supervision Consultants

EIA - Environmental Impact Assessment

EMP - Environmental Management Plan

IEE - Initial Environmental Examination

PIU- Project Implementation Unit

PMU - Project Management Unit

RCC - Reinforced cement concrete

ROW - Right-of-way

SPS - Safeguard Policy Statement

TA - Technical Assistance

TNPCB – Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board

TTDC - Tamil Nadu Tourism Development Corporation

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

ha – Hectare

km – Kilometer

m – Meter

mm – Millimeter This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views

expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors,

Management, or staff and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any

designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the

Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other

Status of any territory or area.


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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. Palani is a city and a municipality in the Dindigul district of the South Indian state

of Tamil Nadu, located about 100 km north-west of Madurai city and 100 km

South-east of Coimbatore City and 60 km west of Dindigul. It is the location of the

far-famed temple of the god Kartikeya, resorted to by more than 7 million

devotees each year. As of 2011, the town had a population of 70,467.

2. Description of the Project: The India Infrastructure Development

Investment Program for Tourism (the Investment Program) envisages

environmentally and culturally sustainable and socially inclusive tourism

development in the project states of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab, Tamil Nadu

and Uttarakhand, delivered through a multi-tranche financing facility (MFF)

modality. Project 2 includes the states of Uttarakhand and Tamil Nadu.

3. Description of the Subproject: (i) Provision of sanitary complexes for the

floating population, (ii) Placement of gravity entailed deep earth bins for garbage

collection, (iii) Placement of tourism friendly uniform signages for convenience of

the tourists and (iv) Placement of street furniture such as litter bins and benches

for the comforts of travelling tourists

4. The IEE was based on a careful review of subproject site plans and reports defined

management plans; field visits, and secondary data to characterize the

environment and identify potential impacts; and consultations/ discussions with

stakeholders. An environmental management plan (EMP) outlining the specific

environmental measures to be adhered to during implementation of the subproject

has been prepared. Subprojects will provide needed environmental and tourist

infrastructure to improve the environmental management and quality of the sites

towards preserving their ecological and cultural integrity. The subproject will

conform to all Government regulations, policies, and standards, as well as Asian

Development Bank‘s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009).

5. Categorization of Projects and Activities:

(i) Under the EIA Notification, 2006 promulgated under Environment

(Protection) Act 1986 of the MOEF, Govt of India, all developmental

projects and activities listed under the schedule of the Notification are


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broadly categorized in to two categories - Category A and Category B, based

on the spatial extent of potential impacts on human health and natural & man

made resources.

(ii) All projects or activities under Category ‗A‘ in the Schedule, including

expansion and modernization of existing projects or activities and change in

product mix, shall require prior environmental clearance from the Central

Government in the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) on the

recommendations of an Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) to be constituted

by the Central Government for the purposes of this Notification;

(iii) All projects or activities under Category ‗B‘ in the Schedule, including

expansion and modernization of existing projects or activities as specified in

sub paragraph (ii) of paragraph 2, or change in product mix as specified in

sub paragraph (iii) of paragraph 2, but excluding those which fulfill the

General Conditions (GC) stipulated in the Schedule, will require prior

environmental clearance from the State/Union territory Environment Impact

Assessment Authority (SEIAA). The SEIAA shall base its decision on the

recommendations of a State or Union territory level Expert Appraisal

Committee (SEAC) as to be constituted for in this Notification. In the

absence of a duly constituted SEIAA or SEAC, a Category ‗B‘ project shall

be treated as a Category ‗A‘ project;

6. Considering the likely impacts and subproject location which does not pass

through or is located near any national park, wildlife sanctuary, reserved forests,

or any other ecologically sensitive area, it is concluded that no adverse impacts

will result due to the proposed project. Further, no archaeological/protected

monument is located in the vicinity of the project sites. The subproject is not listed

under the Schedule and hence is exempted from environmental clearance of

MOEF. Hence, the subproject is classified as Category-B in compliance to the

ADB Safeguard Policy Statement (2009).

7. The likely environmental impacts of the project are not significant and at Category

B level, as per ADB's Safeguards Policy Statement. The specific measures stated

in the EMP will address all adverse environmental impacts if any due to the

subproject.


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8. The selection of components are consistent with the subproject selection criteria

outlined in the Environmental Assessment and Review Framework (EARF) aimed

at enhancing protection of these sites and enhancing their environmental quality.

Subprojects are consistent with defined management plans designed to protect

environmentally sensitive and cultural locations. Management plans guided

subproject design and location; therefore, all proposed facilities in natural areas

are located outside sensitive areas and sited in designated tourist development

zones.

9. Impacts are readily mitigated through careful sitting, specific selection

criteria for procuring contractors with demonstrated experience; execution of

proven mitigation measures during the design; and adoption of good engineering

practices during construction and implementation. A detailed monitoring plan

prepared as part of this IEE will further mitigate negative environmental impacts

during implementation.

10. Potential induced impacts are addressed through the following: (i)

awareness- building of local management plans at proposed sites specifically

addressing the need to regulate tourism related development and planning in the

area through coordination with related Government Departments and local land

use committees; and (ii) project-supported environmental awareness campaigns in

surrounding communities to encourage participatory sustainable development

consistent with eco-tourism principles and in compliance with the state's tourism

policy ecotourism aspects.

11. The Investment Program includes upfront and on-going supervision and training

assistance for environmental monitoring reporting in project management

structures. The effective implementation of the measures proposed will be ensured

through the building up of capacity towards environmental management within the

project management unit (PMU) supplemented with the technical expertise of a

Safeguards Specialist as part of the Design Supervision Consultants (DSC) and

Project Management Consultants (PMC). Further, the environmental monitoring

plans provide adequate opportunities towards course correction to address any

residual impacts during construction or operation stages.


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12. The Project 2 includes additional environmental awareness-building to raise

conservation values consistent with management plans and Tamil Nadu‘s

environmental and tourism policies (which emphasize ecotourism) amongst local

communities and local governments in order to ensure future sustainable

development in and around these locations.

13. Anticipated Impacts and Mitigation Measures: All pre-construction,

construction, and operation activities that are likely to cause environmental

impacts were identified, and evaluated to assess their magnitude, duration, and

potential receptors in consultation with the stakeholders. Consultations were held

with the government representatives (Tamilnadu Tourism Department, Town

Panchayat Office, Palani) and local communities. Accordingly, an EMP has been

prepared to mitigate any adverse impacts that may occur during implementation of

the project.

14. Conclusion: In the light of the foregoing, this initial environmental examination

(IEE) ascertains the temporary impacts likely to arise during various stages of

implementation of the project could be eliminated / mitigated through proper

implementation of EMP as outlined in the report. Hence, the subproject is unlikely

to cause any significant environmental impacts. No need for undertaking detailed

EIA is envisaged.


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1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

1. The proposed Project 2 (the Project) targets enhanced economic growth and

provision of livelihood opportunities for local communities through tourism

infrastructure development with a focus on preservation and development of natural

and cultural heritage and incidental services. The Project supports the states of

Uttarakhand and Tamil Nadu to develop the tourism sector as a key driver for

economic growth.

2. The Project aims to enhance contribution of the tourism industry to sustainable and

inclusive economic growth for each participating state. Increased visits of domestic

and international tourists to tourist destinations within each participating state would

be the outcome of the Project.

1.2 Project Components - Project activities aims at

(i) Construction of sanitary complexes for the floating population,

(ii) Placement of gravity entailed deep earth bins for garbage collection,

(iii) Placement of tourism friendly uniform signages and

(iv) Placement of street furniture

1.3 Project Cost - Component Wise

Sl. No. Description Amount (Rs.

in lakhs)

1 Standard size sanitary complex (4 nos.) 98.62

2 Gravity Entailed Deep Earth Bins for Garbage Collection (20 Nos)

(Rs.1.23 lakh each) 24.62

3 Retro Reflective Road Signages Details. (28 Nos.) 40.58

4 Street furniture (Litter Bins 24 Nos.), Bus Shelters (2 Nos.),

Benches (5 Nos.) 21.61

Total 185.43

Various Designs / Types of Sanitary Complex (S1, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7 & S8) and Deep Earth

Bins has been enclosed in Annexure – A (Common for all locations)


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1.4 Operation & Maintenance Cost

1.5 Purpose of the IEE

1. This Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) assesses a subproject under Project 2

for the state of Tamil Nadu, ‗Construction of sanitary complexes for the floating

population, placement of gravity entailed deep earth bins for garbage collection (2.5

cubic meters), Placement of tourism friendly uniform signages for convenience of the

tourists and Placement of street furniture such as litter bins, and benches for the

comfortable travelling of the tourists in Palani Town, Dindugal District, Tamilnadu.

The IEE was based on a careful review of subproject site plans, detailed design and

reports defined management plans; field visits, and secondary data to characterize the

environment and identify potential impacts; and consultations/discussions with stake

holders.

2. An environmental management plan (EMP) outlining the specific environmental

measures to be adhered to during implementation of the subproject has been prepared.

These EMPs will be appended to the respective contract documents to enable

integration of environmental provisions in the contract. The IEE goes further and

provides sample contract clauses (Appendix 1) to be added to contract documents.

Subproject will provide needed environmental and tourist infrastructure to improve

the environmental management and quality of the sites towards preserving their

ecological and cultural integrity. The subproject will conform to all Government

regulations, policies, and standards, as well as Asian Development Bank‘s Safeguard

Policy Statement (2009).

3. In accordance with ADB‘s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009), the project

belongs to Category ―B‖ as no significant impacts are anticipated.

Sl. No. Description Amount (Rs. in lakhs)

1 Sanitary Complexes 4.93

2 Gravity Entailed Deep Earth Bins for Garbage

Collection 10.00

3 Retro Reflective Road Signages Details. ( 5 % of

estimate cost) 2.03

4 Street furniture 2.37

Total 19.33


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1.6 Environmental Regulatory Compliance

1. The realm of environmental regulations and mandatory requirements for the

proposed subproject is shown in Table 1.The EIA Notification (2006) by the

Government of India Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEF) specifies the

mandatory environmental clearance requirements. Accordingly, all projects and

activities are broadly categorized in to two categories1 - Category A and

Category B, based on the spatial extent of potential impacts and potential

impacts on human health and natural and man-made resources.

Various policy guidelines, acts and regulations pertaining to sustenance of

environment those applicable to various developmental projects have been presented

in the following section.

Table: 1 Applicability of Acts and Rules

Sl. No Acts / Rules Year Compliance Criteria

1 Environmental (Protection)

Act 1986

This act is applicable all environmental

notifications, rules and schedules are issued under

this act.

2 Environment Impact

Assessment Notification 2006

As per the notification, Projects categorized as A

& B need prior Environmental clearance from the

Central and State Expert Appraisal Committee

respectively. But, this Sub-project does not come

under the purview of the above categories

hence this notification is not applicable.

3 Forest Conservation Act 1927

1980

This Act will be applicable in case the proposed

project road is passing through the Forest Areas

which requires the diversion of forest land to the

non-forestry purposes.

This is not applicable as there is no forest land

involved for the project development.

Permission and clearance for cutting and

transportation of trees will be required from


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Divisional Forest Officers, which is not applicable

for this sub-project.

4 Wild Life (Protection) Act 1972

This act will be applicable in case the project road

traverses through wildlife protected areas for

which permission will be sought from National

Board for wildlife.

This is not applicable as there is no wildlife

protected area is involved for the project

development.

5

Coastal Regulation Zone

Notification

1991

2011

Buildings shall be permitted only on the

landward side of the existing road, or on the

landward side of existing authorized structures;

Buildings permitted on the landward side of the

existing and proposed roads or existing

authorized structures shall be subject to the

existing local town and country planning

regulations including the ‗existing‘ norms of

Floor Space Index or Floor Area Ratio, Provided

that no permission for construction of buildings

shall be given on landward side of any new

roads which are constructed on the seaward side

of an existing road

6 Water (Prevention and

Control of Pollution) Act 1974

The Sub-projects require consent to establish from

the State Pollution Control Board if it involves

discharge waste water from labour camps which is

applicable during construction phase of the

project.

But, it is being ensured that no discharges will

be there to any inland water bodies or

sea/ocean, hence this Act will not be applicable.


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Moreover, the excreta from the toilets will be

collected in septic tanks/soak pits ensuring no

discharges to water bodies.

7 Air (Prevention and Control

of Pollution) Act 1981

The project requires consent to establish from the

State Pollution Control Board if it involves

operation of Hot Mix Plants and Diesel Generator

Sets. This act will be applicable to the project

during construction phase of projects as use of DG

sets is being envisaged.

8 Noise Pollution Regulation

and Control Act 1990

The project requires consent to establish from the

State Pollution Control Board if the noise level

from the construction machinery and the vehicles

are above the standards. This act will apply to the

project especially during the construction phase if

such machineries will be used which is unlikely.

9 Land Acquisition Act 1894

1989

This act will be applicable in case land is being

acquired for the project road.

This act will not be applicable as no land

acquisition is required for the project

development. The project is being developed on

Town Panchayat owned land.

10

Ancient Monuments and

Archaeological Sites and

Remains Act

1958

This act is applicable is case of any chance finds

during construction phase of the project which

may be remains/ monuments which are deemed to

be protected by ASI or the State Directorate of

Archaeology .

This act will not be applicable as no

archeological sites are affected because of the

project development. However, provision has

been made so that chance found ancient


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properties are protected.

11

The Hazardous Wastes

(Management, Handling

&Tran boundary

movement) Rules,

1989

2003

2008

These rules will be applicable if contractors

during construction phase will store and handle

hazardous material such HSD and paints etc. But,

the EMP spells that all such materials will be

procured from licensed depots and consumed

immediately so storage is ruled out.

12 The Explosives Act (&

Rules)

1884

1983

This Act specifies regulations regarding the use of

explosives and precautionary measures while

blasting and quarrying. Provisions of these rules

are not applicable to this project as materials

will be procured from 3 rd party licensed

holders.

Further, for sand, soil and stone quarrying, prior permission is to be obtained from the

state authorities for the purpose. However, considering the project profile, it is

preferred to procure materials from the licensed third party owners.

However, considering the kind and quantum of activities, it is envisaged that no borrow

areas and quarry sites will be established as a part of activity / sub project. Raw

materials will be procured from licensed quarry owners. Similarly, no crusher sites will

be opened by the contractor. Also, No borrow area shall be made available by the

Employer for this work. The arrangement for the source of supply of the material for the

civil works shall be the sole responsibility of the Contractor.

But, the contractor might be using DG sets for which the permission will be required

under Air act 1981.

No fuel storage takes place in this project and for construction purposes, the fuel shall

be procured from the existing petrol bunks

For labour accommodation, no labour camp will be established and for accommodation

of labours nearby construction sites, rented houses will be engaged by the contractor.

2. All projects or activities included as Category A in the Schedule, including

expansion and modernization of existing projects or activities and change in product


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mix, will require prior environmental clearance from the Central Government in the

Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEF) on the recommendations of an Expert

Appraisal Committee (EAC) to be constituted by the Central Government for the

purposes of this notification.

3. All projects or activities included as Category B in the Schedule, including

expansion and modernization of existing projects or activities as specified in sub

paragraph (ii) of paragraph 2, or change in product mix as specified in sub

paragraph (iii) of paragraph 2, but excluding those which fulfill the General

Conditions (GC) stipulated in the Schedule, will require prior environmental

clearance from the State/Union territory Environment Impact Assessment Authority

(SEIAA). The SEIAA will base its decision on the recommendations of a State or

Union territory level Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC) as to be constituted for

in this notification. In addition, GC of the notification specifies that any project or

activity specified in Category B will be treated as Category A, if located in whole

or in part within 10 km from the boundary of (i) protected Areas notified under the

Wild Life Protection) Act, 1972, (ii) critically polluted areas as notified by the

Central Pollution Control Board from time to time, (iii) notified eco-sensitive areas,

and (iv) inter-State boundaries and international boundaries.

4. Level of environmental assessment required for each category of Project, as per

ADB‘s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009) is as follows:

Category A. Subproject components with potential for significant adverse

environmental impacts. An environmental impact assessment (EIA) is required

to address significant impacts;

Category B. Subproject components judged to have some adverse

environmental impacts, but of lesser degree and/or significance than those for

Category A projects. An initial environmental examination (IEE) is required

to determine whether significant environmental impacts warranting an EIA are

likely. If an EIA is not needed, the IEE is regarded as the final environmental

assessment report.

Category C. Sub-components unlikely to have adverse environmental impacts.

No EIA or IEE is required, although environmental implications are still

reviewed.


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5. The above table indicates that the proposed subproject will comply with necessary

government regulations and ADB's Safeguard Policy Statement (2009). ADB's

Safeguard Policy Statement (2009) stipulates addressing environmental concerns, if

any, of a proposed activity in the initial stages of project preparation. For this, the

ADB guidelines categorize the proposed components into categories (A, B or C) to

determine the level of environmental assessment required to address the potential

impacts. The subproject has been categorized as B.

6. Accordingly this IEE is prepared to address the potential impacts, in line with the

recommended IEE content and structure for Category B projects. The IEE was based

mainly on secondary sources of information and field reconnaissance surveys and

stakeholder consultations. Stakeholder consultation was an integral part of the IEE.

An EMP outlining the specific environmental measures to be adhered to during

implementation of the subproject has been prepared.

1.7 Report Structure

This IEE contains eight sections: (i) Introduction; (ii) Description o f Project

Components; (iii) Description of the Existing Environment; (iv) Environmental

Impacts and Mitigation Measures; (v) Environmental Management Plan; (vi) Public

Consultation and Information Disclosure; (vi) Findings and Recommendations; and

(vii) Conclusions.


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2.0 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT COMPONENTS

2.1 Description & Need of the project.

The existing Infrastructure of the town is inadequate to cater to the needs of the

Tourist as well as the resident population. It is therefore necessary to improve the

basic amenities to the public. The identified key interventions and improvements

have a direct bearing on the tourist wellbeing.

The core tourist areas of the Town need to be provided with improved infrastructure

facilities that would in addition to providing a facelift for the town would bring in a

paradigm shift in the approach to provision of Basic infrastructure facilities. Therefore

modern and state of the art facilities are to be provided, which can be replicated in

other parts of the town, and can trigger better management of assets. Each tourist

location has a unique architectural context.

2.2 Proposed Facilities

The existing Infrastructure under the proposed project – 2 is inadequate to cater the

needs of the tourist as well as the resident population. It becomes imperative to

improve the basic amenities to the public. Some of the key interventions and

improvements that have a direct bearing on the tourist wellbeing are discussed

below.

1 Improved Sanitary Facilities: Sanitation facilities form a key element of tourist

convenience at any destination. The present facilities for public toilets/sanitary

complexes are limited and do not address the needs of the large floating

population of pilgrims / tourists. This has led to unhygienic conditions during the

festival seasons with people resorting to open defecation. Overall, sanitary toilet

complexes help in ensuring social dignity and privacy, and maintaining the health

status of the Urban Local Body (ULB). The key considerations for toilets /

sanitary complexes are that they should be aesthetically appealing for use for all

age group without difficulty easy approach and maintenance eco-friendly,

hygienic and cost effective.

2 Improvements to solid waste collection system: In line with the objective of

‗Cleaner and Greener Tourism‘ in Tamil Nadu, it is proposed to provide the

appropriate garbage bins to reduce the littering of garbage on streets as the


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garbage collection in few places of Tamilnadu State is through open garbage bins.

This exposure system leads to bad odour, over flow, spilling, and attack by

rodents, dogs and cats, besides a site of nuisance and major distraction to tourists.

The key considerations for unique design for bins (say Deep Earth Bins and Litter

Bins) are that they are eco-friendly, having sufficiently large capacities to prevent

spillage, provide easy and efficient transfer of garbage to trucks, stray dogs & bird

proof, aesthetically appealing and provides an odour free environment.

3 Provision of signages and good road furniture on important roads connecting the

transport centers like bus-stand and railway stations to the core tourist areas is a

vital infrastructural need in a tourist town. The signages act as guide to the visiting

tourists. Clarity and aesthetic appeal of such signages makes a destination user

friendly and popular. The route signages guide visitors to go in their intended

tourist circuits, and to navigate to their destinations without any interruption. The

basic considerations are to provide uniform retro reflective road signages with

proper visibility, earmarking the street names including way dividing signs,

centers/ mandatory/warning signs, land mark signs and tourist information signs.

as per Indian Road Congress (IRC) / National Building Code (NBC) norms.

4 Improved Street Furniture: Street furniture is a collective term for objects and

pieces of equipment (Benches, and Litter Bins etc) installed on streets and roads

for various purposes. The existing Street furniture is inadequate to cater the

requirements of road users and other public. It is required to install high quality

street furniture on the identified road networks to improve the service levels to the

tourists / & to achieve Cleaner and Greener Tourism in Tamil Nadu.

2.3 Components of the Subproject

The following infrastructure services have been identified in Palani Town with

respective to improved basic urban infrastructure and services at tourist destinations

and attractions as follows:

Provision of sanitary complexes for the floating population

Provision of gravity entailed deep earth bins for garbage collection (2.5 cu.m)

Provision of tourism friendly uniform signage‘s for convenience of the tourists

Provision of street furniture such as litter bins and benches for the comfortable

travelling of the tourists


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2.4 Sanitary Complex Location

Except in the case of sanitary complexes, all other components of the project are along

the Road and do not require any additional land. The roads where the components are

proposed belong to the Palani Town. In the case of sanitary complexes, the following

sites have been identified in the table below:

Table 2

Sl. No. Location Survey

Number

1 New Bus Stand South West Corner 836

2 Municipal Higher Secondary School

West Side Ground

7

3 Arul Jothiveethi 843

4 North Car street 208/1

The above sites are under the full ownership of the Palani Town Panchayat and are

free of all encumbrances. Necessary approval from the Municipal council shall be

taken before implementing the projects. (Various Designs / Types of Sanitary

Complex (S1, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7 & S8) and Deep Earth Bins has been enclosed in

Annexure – A (Common for all locations)

2.5 Deployment Schedule

A total of 18 months construction period is being considered. (Refer Appendix – 3.

However, detailed implementation Schedule depending on contractor’s work

programme considering pilgrimages, climate, tourist’s seasonal timings and other

critical factors would be provided on finalization of the contract)


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3.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE EXISTING ENVIRONMENT

3.1 Environmental Profile – Palani, Tamil Nadu

Palani, in Dindigul District of Tamil Nadu, is a major pilgrim centre of South India

next to Tirupathy and Sabarimalai and gains its importance due to the presence of the

temple of Lord Muruga(Subramania) in the town. Palani is one of the 38 heritage

towns identified by the Government of Tamil Nadu. Out of these, 11 towns are

prioritized for assessing the developmental needs, keeping pilgrims and tourists as the

main beneficiaries. Besides being an important religious centre, the town with a

population of 70456 as per the 2011 Census covering an area of 6.63 sq. km also

functions as taluk headquarters

3.1.1 Physical Characteristics

Location: Palani is located at 10° 26‘ N latitude and 77° 31‘ E longitude, at an

elevation of 324 m above mean sea-level. It is situated between Dindigul and Pollachi

on SH 10. It is 120 KM northwest of Madurai, 54 Km west of Dindugul and 105 Km

south east of Coimbatore.

3.1.2 Accessibility

Palani is located at the junction of three national highways (NH-7, NH- 45, and NH-

209), connecting Madurai, Trichy,

and Coimbatore. NH 209 connects

Palani to Coimbatore and Mysore.

The town is easily accessible by rail

too and is an important station on

Dindigul – Coimbatore section of

Southern Railway Train services are

available to Rameswaram, Madurai,

Coimbatore, Dindigul and Palghat.

The nearest airports are Coimbatore,

Trichy and Madurai which are almost

equidistant from the town.

3.1.3 Physical & Geographical features

Hill ranges of Palani, Idumban hillocks, Vaiyapuri tanks and Sirunayakankulam Tank

are the important physical features of the town. Rising to the height of 137 m the

Palani hill ranges are 324 m above the mean sea level. The hill temple can be reached

Figure No.1: Palani Regional Settings


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on foot by a flight of 697 steps and also by another hill road known as the elephant

hill path. There are several temples, Chatrams, mandapams and lodges situated in and

around the town. Important religious land marks include Prime Hill Temple,

Thiruavinankudi Temple, Periyanayakiamman, Shanmuganadhi group of Temples,

Idumban Temple,Vishnu Temple,and temple of Lord Vinayaga.

Climate

The climate of Palani is generally hot. The maximum temperature ranges from 37°C

during summer to 29.°C during winter season with corresponding average minimum

temperature at 26°C and 21.°C respectively. The hot weather lasts from March to

June. The average annual rainfall is about 760 mm. With predominant winds in

Southwest and Northeast directions, wind speeds in Palani were observed to be about

6.2 Km/hr.

Nature of Soil

The soils of the land are mostly black. It is fertile and good for cultivation.

3.1.4 Trade and Commerce

The rich fertile agricultural and hilly tracts in the Palani region provide a good base

for agricultural activities. Around 15.74% of work force in the town is involved in

agricultural activities. Vegetables like, carrot, cauliflower, potato and beet root are

produced and marketed. Commercial activities are concentrated on Adivaram and

bazaar roads. There are no major industries in Palani other than a few service

industries like rice and oil mills.

3.1.5 Administration:

The Municipal Council headed by the Chairman (Political wing) and the

Commissioner (administrative wing) performs the general administration of the town.

The town was constituted as a Municipality on 1st April 1886, with 33 wards.

3.1.6 Tourism:

Because of its unique natural environment, spiritual and traditional rituals, the Hindu

way of life flows undisturbed and thousands of pilgrims are attracted to Palani town.

Maximum number of tourists visits the temple in the months of March, April, May,

October, November & December. The tourist inflow to Palani is around 40, 00,000

per annum. This town has a floating pilgrim population of about 10000 to 12000

during normal days and about 5 to 10 lakh during special religious festival days. The

major festivals of Palani include Panguni Uthiram,Thaipusam, Skanda Shasti, Agni


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Nakshathram and Thirukkarthigai. The town has 18 lodges with 739 rooms 1248 beds,

34 Choultries with 109 rooms with a capacity of 10100 persons . There are 46

Kalyanamandapams apart from 4 Devasthanam choultries and 73 various caste

madams.

3.1.7 Tourism Places

Palani Town has several places of interest for the tourism.

Palani hills: The Palani hills, is an extension of the western Ghats and encompass an

area of 2068 sq.km with an altitude range of 400-2554 m. The hills are located to the

south of the Palghat gap and forms the important Palani- Anaimalai block . On the

western border of the Palani hills are the Indira Gandhi wildlife sanctuary in Tamil

Nadu and the Chinnar wildlife sanctuary in Kerala. A number of rivers such as

Kudraiyar, Pachiar, Porundlar, Palar, Pulavachiar and Konalar originate from these

hills. The hills include a variety of habitat types with diverse flora and fauna that

include several endemic plant and animal species.

Murugan Temple: The Palani

Murugan Temple is a major attraction

of Palani which can be reached by

climbing around 670 steps to the

hilltop. There is also a haulage winch

or a small rope train along with a rope

car travelling to the top of the hill. The

entire town of Palani is visible from the

top of the hill, which is accessible

from Madurai and Trichy. It is

believed that this temple was built by

Cherman Perumal of the Chera

Dynasty. The temple was later

expanded between the 8th and the 13th

centuries by the Cholas and Pandyas,

who added new mandapams and

gopurams at the site. Some of the sculptures at the temple were added by the Nayaka

kings who ruled the region for a brief

Figure No.2: Murugan Temple

Figure No.3: Thiru Avinanakudi Temple


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period.

Thiru Avinanakudi Temple: The temple is also called as the Kulanthai

Velayuthaswamy Temple, one of the oldest temples located at the foot of the Palani

Hills. Usually before going to the main hill temple, devotees visit this temple. The

temple is considered to be the third abode of the Lord Murugan who is depicted here

as a child sitting on a peacock.

Ayakudi: Ayakudi is situated near Palani in Dindugal District, which is surrounded by

the lush green forest. The town is famous for guava cultivation and guava markets. It

is also known for sugar cane, cotton, paddy, lime and mango cultivation that are

exported to various countries. Some of the important temples in the town are

Kaliamman Temple, Alagu Nachiamman Temple, Vinayagar Temple, Ponnalagu

Amman Temple, Eswaran Temple, Karuppannaswamy Temple and Mariamman

Temple. Cholisvara Swami Temple is the prime landmark in Ayakudi. Ayakudi is

connected by a road to Palani and Dindugal and also well connected through railways.

The Mariamman Temple: The Mariamman Temple is devoted to Goddess

Mariamman, who is believed to be an incarnation of Goddess Parvati. The temple is

being visited by many travelers, especially on

Fridays, when the main idol is covered with a

golden sheath.

The Kuthiraiyar Dam Falls: It is situated close

to Pappampatti in Palani and can be reached with

the help of local villagers. From Kumbai visitors

can trek for a kilometer to reach the waterfalls

situated at the back of the dam.

Bison Wells: It is well known for its wildlife and

beautiful vegetation. Wildlife commonly seen in

the area includes bison, birds, elephants, tigers,

monkeys and deer. Bison Wells got its name

from the many bisons that come to drink from

natural wells. The location is known as a great

base in India for those interested in exploring the

region. Naturalists, hikers, trekkers and bird watchers are all drawn to the Palani Hills

and Bison Wells is a fabulous place for such tourists to stay while they are in the area.

Figure No.4: The Kuthiraiyar Dam Falls

Figure No.5: Bison Wells


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3.1.8 Socio-Economic Condition

The working population constitutes 31.25% of the total population and majority of

them are engaged in tertiary activities i.e. 66% in tourism and trade related activities.

Secondary Sector is the second important activity and nearly 24% of the total workers

are engaged in business and related allied activities. Only 10% of the total workers are

engaged in Primary Sector especially in tea plantations and agriculture activities.

3.1.9 Population Details

The population of the town is 70456 as per the 2011 census. Population of the town

has increased from 68907 in 1991, indicating a growth rate of 2.43 %. The gross

density of the town works out to persons 10140 per sq.km. In addition, the floating

pilgrim population is around 40, 00,000 per annum. The decadal growth rate of the

population is given in table 3.

Table - 3 - Population

Sl. No Year Population Growth rate

1 1971 49575 24.46 %

2 1981 64438 29.98 %

3 1991 68747 6.69 %

4 2001 67231 (-) 2.21 %

5 2011 70456 4.80 %

Floating Population: The tourist inflow to Palani is around 40, 00,000 per annum.

This town has a floating pilgrim population of about 10000 to 12000 during normal

days and about 5 to10 lakhs during special religious festival days.

Table – 3 - Tourist Inflow

Sl.no Year Domestic Foreign Total

1 2008 5329276 14219 5343495

2 2009 6949399 11595 6960994

3 2010 7262310 17117 7279427

4 2011 5688338 70735 5761084

5 2012 7568697 75744 7646453


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3.1.10 Existing Infrastructure Facilities

Water Supply:

Water requirement for Palani town is drawn from two sources at present, Kodaikanal

old scheme – a surface water source situated about 15 Km from the town and another

from IV Improvement water Supply scheme from Palar Dam at 7 Km from the town.

Old Scheme – Kodaikanal: 5.64 MLD of water is being drawn from the old scheme.

Besides there are three open wells and, from these wells pumping is effected to

maintain the level in the SS tank since the inflow at SS tank depends upon rainfall in

Kodaikanal.

IV Improvement Scheme: Water level in the Palar Dam is sufficient to cater to the

need of 3.34 MLD of water, which is being pumped daily.In total 9 MLD of water is

being drawn from both the schemes. There is no water supply problem at present.

Distribution System:

Old Scheme – 53.29 Km( Kodaikanal Scheme)

New Scheme – 18.69 Km ( Palar Scheme)

Total – 71.98 Km

Salient Features of the System:

Sources: Kodaikanal and Palar Dam

No. Of Zones: 4

No. Of OHTs: 6

OHTs Capacity: 43.30 LL

Daily Water Supply: 9 MLD

Per Capita Supply: 110 lpcd

Bore well with Power Pumps: 222 No

Public Fountains: 289 No

Bore well with Power Pumps: 49 (Includes 33 mini water tanks)

HSCs: 6148 No

Frequency of Supply: 2 hrs on alternative days

Sewerage & Sanitation:

Palani town is provided with UGD system covering 15% of the total town area.

Sewer mains have been laid for a length of about 6.45 Km covering 13 wards having

738 HSCs. In the uncovered area the sewage, sullage and rainwater is let out in to

open pucca drains covering about 92% of the total road length. The discharge from


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open drains mixed with sewage is reaching Vaiyapuri tank and Sirunaicken Kanmai

causing pollution of above lakes. In Palani, nearly 15,574 total assessments are having

individual private sanitation facilities with septic tank as a major mode of sewage

disposal. In addition, the town has 19 public convenience units with 6 Nos. of ISP

toilet and 9 Nos. of VAMBAY toilets. Further, Pay and Use toilets have been

constructed for the local and commuting population at many places

Storm Drainage: Existing Status

Open Drains – Pucca – 52.60 Km (91.74%)

Open Drains – Kutcha – 4.73 Km (8.26%)

Closed Drains – Nil

Total – 57.33 Km

As regards storm water drainage and rain water harvesting, up gradation of the

existing drains and additional new drains are proposed by the Municipality at a cost of

Rs. 112 Lakhs. In respect of sanitation, the Municipality proposes to construct 13 new

sanitary complexes and improve existing toilets to serve the locals and the floating

population at a cost of Rs 100 Lakhs.

Solid Waste Management:

The total solid waste generation in Palani Town per day is about 40 MT. The garbage

collected is dumped at the existing compost yard near Periyappa Nagar within the

municipal limits. For day to day operation purposes, the town is divided into six

Sanitary Divisions covering all the 33 Municipal Wards. The waste is collected from

door to door by push carts from individual houses and dumped in 45 collection points,

Figure No.6: View of Existing Toilets


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from where the municipal lorries collect the garbage daily to the compost yard.

Waste generated from the vegetable and fish market located on Gandhi Road in the

town constitute the major proportion of the city‘s waste.

Figure 6 - Existing Garbage Collection Bins

As can be seen from the above, most of the garbage collection in the town is through

open garbage bins. This exposure causes smell, over flow, spilling, and attack by

rodents dogs and cats etc. Besides it is always a site of nuisance and major distraction

to visiting tourists

Roads:

The Major roads within the town vested with the Highways Department are Udumalai

road, Dharmapuram road, Dindugal road and Kodaikanal road. Apart from these State

Highways, the Municipality maintains 43.738 Km of local roads. About 85% of the

total length of the Municipal roads is bituminized or concretized.

Street Lighting

Palani town presently has 2921 street light fixtures comprising of 2492 tube lights,

233 Nos. of 250 Watts sodium vapor lamps, 100 Nos. of 100 Watts Mercury vapor

lamps and one High-mast Light.

Figure 7 – Existing Street Lighting


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Education and Health:

There are 35 schools in the town, of which the Municipality maintains only 4

elementary schools.

Industries:

Textile mills, manufacture of panchamirtham, production of vibuthi( sacred ash) ,

making of steel furniture at Govt. pressed metal factory, manufacture of fruit juices

and of stone grinders.

3.2 Environmental Profile – Site Specific

3.2.1 Description of Project:

Construction of sanitary complexes for the floating population, placement of gravity

entailed deep earth bins for garbage collection (2.5 cubic meters), Placement of

tourism friendly uniform signages for convenience of the tourists and Placement of

street furniture such as litter bins, for the comforts of travelling tourists in Palani

Town, Dindugal District, Tamil Nadu.

3.2.2 Site Details:

Sl.no Description Yes / No

1. Protected area No

2. Archaeological site No

3. Forest area No

4. CRZ area No

Notes: Protected Area includes wildlife sanctuary, bird sanctuary, or national park; CRZ =

Coastal Regulation Zone


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4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

The assessment for each of the subprojects has been carried out for potential impacts

during the following stages of the project planning and implementation:

Location impacts. Impacts associated with site selection, including impacts on

environment and resettlement or livelihood related impacts on communities;

Design impacts. Impacts arising from project design, including the technology used,

scale of operations, discharge standards, etc.;

Construction impacts. Impacts resulting from construction activities including site

clearance, earthworks, civil works, etc.; and

O&M impacts. Impacts associated with the operation and maintenance of the

infrastructure built in the project.

The ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist for Urban Development was

used during preparation of this IEE to screen the subproject for environmental impacts

and categorization of the project (Appendix 2).

4.1 Location Impacts

1) Land Acquisition and Resettlement. The proposed subproject locations are within

the lands available with the government. There are no impacts envisaged on land

acquisition or resettlement due to the proposed subproject components.

2) Site Selection. The locations considered for the subproject are within the areas

designated for tourism support infrastructure development as part of

developing Tamil Nadu‘s conservation, heritage, natural and cultural attractions, and

are outside areas demarcated for habitat protection and conservation. The proposed

infrastructures will not impact any environmentally-sensitive or protected areas

rather it will enhance the tourism experience and livelihood of the local people in

total. The public, Govt & local bodies are very much keen into taking up these

proposed works. The entire town and adjoining areas are under Town Panchayat

control who has proposed this project. This proposal suggests areas which are

uncovered with the needed basic amenities. Further, there is no possibility of

presence of non-titled street vendors and no displacement or shifting of non-titled

street vendors would be required in these sites that have been identified for sub

projects.


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3) Priority is to locate construction work camps, stockpile areas, storage areas, and

disposal areas near the subproject sites. However, if it is deemed necessary to locate

elsewhere, sites to be considered will not promote instability and result in destruction

of property, vegetation, irrigation, and drinking water supply systems. Residential

areas will not be considered to protect the human environment (i.e., to curb accident

risks, health risks due to air and water pollution and dust, and noise, and to prevent

social conflicts, shortages of amenities, and crime).

4.2 Design Impacts and Pre-Construction Impacts

1) Impacts arising from the inappropriate designs of proposed facilities would in general

include the inadequate collection and conveyance system for solid waste,

construction materials sourcing and c o n s t r u c t i o n techniques to be adopted, site

selection, etc. The results of interventions are unobtrusive and will be integral part of

the overall ambience so as to avoid impacts on the livelihood of the site.

A structural design has been worked out in such a manner that exposed steel and

concrete structures are avoided.

2) All component designs have been worked out to minimize any impacts on the

adjoining properties, and considering the need of the facilities for the floating

population. Given that the there is a need for disposal of construction wastes, the

contractors will be required to consult with the Project Implementation Unit (PIU),

Panchayat offices, and Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board for safe disposal sites.

3) Telephone lines, electric poles and wires, water and drainage lines within the

existing right-of- way (ROW) may be damaged. To mitigate the adverse impacts due

to relocation of the utilities, the Design and Supervision Consultants (DSC) and PIU

will:

(i) Identify and include locations and operators of these utilities in the detailed

design documents to prevent unnecessary disruption of services during

construction phase; and

(ii) Require construction contractors to prepare a contingency plan to include actions

to be done in case of unintentional interruption of services

4.3 Construction Impacts

1) The impacts are generic to the construction activities in all subproject locations.


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All construction activities to be undertaken at the site will be approved by competent

authority before start of any such activity in the vicinity of the site so that the

history and sanctity as well as the usability of the site by the local people and

projected number of tourists are not hampered. Hence, the EMP emphasizes on the

construction impacts and necessary mitigation measures to be strictly followed by the

contractor and supervised by the DSC. Key impacts during construction, are

envisaged on the following aspects: (i) drainage, (ii) slope cutting and slope Stability

(iii) water bodies and drainage courses (iv) dust generation, air and noise from

construction activities, (v) handling of construction materials at site, (vi) adoption of

safety measures during construction; and (vii) community health and safety.

4.4 Operation and Maintenance Impacts

1) The impacts pertaining to waste collection, cleaning of septic tanks and soakpits,

maintaining hygienic conditions of the toilet facilities, will be addressed through an

assessment of the Operation and Management of the proposed facilities in frequent

intervals/regular inspection. Planning of the extent of facilities and infrastructure in

line with the Maintenance plan as well as the involvement of the local communities

in the management facilities created in the project will address the operation stage

impacts.

2) The proposed facilities will greatly improve the environmental quality in and

around the destinations, and also enhance the livelihood of the local

population. While the enhanced tourist generation due to these improvements may

not be significant, the facilities will enhance the site experience of the

tourist/pilgrim. The project will facilitate environmental improvements through the

provision of training to operators for all sanitation and solid waste facilities

provided by the Project, in order to sustain any improvements made.

4.5 Cumulative Impact Assessment

1) The cumulative impact assessment (CIA) examined the interaction between the

subproject‘s residual effects (i.e., those effects that remain after mitigation measures

have been applied) and those associated with other past, existing and reasonably

foreseeable future projects or activities.


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2) Two boundaries, spatial and temporal, were used. Spatial boundary refers to the area

immediately surrounding the subproject location; while the temporal area considers

the potential cumulative effects associated with subproject construction, and

operation and maintenance, and those associated with other past, existing and

reasonably foreseeable projects in the vicinity of the subproject. For the subproject,

the spatial boundary is the area of the subprojects including existing ROWs. The

temporal boundary can be considered as the districts where the subproject sites are

located.

3) The subproject‘s potential cumulative effects were considered with respect to valued

components (VCs), identified in the IEE as air quality, noise, surface water quality,

geophysical (hydrogeological), traffic management, social-economic and socio-

community, and human health. The cumulative impacts were assessed in four areas:

Of any potential residual project effects that may occur incrementally

over time;

Consideration of other known relevant projects or activities within the specified

study area boundaries, even if not directly related to the subproject;

Potential overlapping impacts that may occur due to other developments, even if

not directly related to the proposed project; and

Future developments that is reasonably foreseeable and sufficiently certain to

proceed.

4) Air Quality: The air environment of the sub project areas is generally found to be

good and is free from industries polluting the atmospheric environment. The

ambient air quality in the sub project areas is generally found to be within

acceptable standards. Impact on air quality (if any) during construction stage are due

to operation of various construction equipments and transport vehicles.

Consequently, although emissions of common air contaminants (CAC) and fugitive

dust may be elevated in proximity to the active work sites, this impact will be of

short-term and localized to the immediate vicinity of the project site.

Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions may increase as a result of project activities (i.e.,

vehicle and equipment operation, concrete production, disposal of excavated

material, land filling of residual wastes). Given the subproject‘s relatively minor


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contribution to CAC and GHG emissions during construction, the overall

significance rating of both these potential residual effects is considered to be

negligible during construction.

5) Noise Quality: Most part of the sub project area is in quite environment. Noise

intensive industrial operations are not observed along the project influence area.

Noise levels in the immediate proximity of most work sites are expected to increase

during construction. The duration of this exposure will be relatively brief. This

exposure represents temporary, localized, adverse residual effect of low to moderate

significance for affected receptors. While building damage due to ground vibrations

is unlikely, there may annoyance to spatially located receptors during construction.

Noise levels associated with the subproject operations will be largely imperceptible

as civil works will be confined in relatively small sites within the district proper.

6) Since the subproject will be built in existing infrastructures, it will not conflict with

existing or planned land use. However, traffic management concerns will occur

spatially during construction. Site-specific mitigation measures will be

implemented during construction to address temporary disruptions to land use,

limitations on access to roads, sidewalk closures, traffic delays and detours, parking

modifications, and increased volumes of construction–related traffic. There should

be improved traffic movement along the access routes once construction is

completed. During operations of the improved infrastructures and services, added

residential developments, commercial and business facilities and increased densities

are expected to develop and enhance the subproject area. This can be considered a

long-term cumulative benefit of the subproject. (Refer Environmental Management

plan for Sub project Specific impacts and their mitigation measures)

7) No adverse residual effects to human health will occur as a result of subproject

construction or operation. While exposure to elevated noise levels and fugitive dust

and CAC emissions will occur in proximity to subproject work sites during

construction, due to their short term, localized nature, these effects are expected to be

minor and insignificant with no measurable effects on human health. The subproject

operations will benefit the general public by contributing to the long-term

improvement of tourism in Tamil Nadu and livelihood opportunities to the local

people.


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4.6 Environment Management Plan

i. The specific measures stated in the EMP will address all adverse environmental

impacts due to the subproject. A detailed monitoring plan prepared as part of this IEE

will ensure negative environmental impacts during implementation are mitigated.

During the Construction stage, the IEE/EMP will be further updated and stand-alone

EMPs will be prepared. EMPs will be appended to the respective contract documents

to enable integration of environmental provisions in the contract.

ii. The project sub-components proposed has been classified as Category B, as it is likely

to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts and therefore does not require

conducting EIA or IEE. However, an Environmental Management Plan for the

interventions is prepared as described in Chapter 5.


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5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

5.1 Institutional Arrangements

1. The Government of Tamil Nadu through Department of Tourism and Culture

(DOT&C), is the Executing Agency (EA). The EA (i) assumes overall responsibility

for the execution of the Project and reporting; (ii) engage adequate permanent or fixed-

term staff to implement the Project; (iii) setup a state-level project management unit

(PMU) and project implementation units (PIU); (iv) provide overall strategic guidance

on technical supervision and project execution; and (v) ensure overall compliance with

the loan covenants.

2. The implementing agency (IA) is the Tamil Nadu Department of Tourism (DoT). The

IA‘s responsibilities include (i) project planning and budgeting; (ii) day-to-day

assistance, supervision and guidance for the project implementation units and their

consultants; (iii) review subprojects for due diligence requirements and approve

subproject proposals; (iv) bidding, evaluation and contract award; (v) managing and

disbursing funds; (vi) review compliance with loan covenants, contract specifications,

work plans and quality control; and (vii) consolidate and submit progress reports,

finance and accounting / audit reports, and matters requiring higher-level decision to

state-level empowered committee (SLEC) and ADB.

5.2 Program Management

1) State Level steering committee chaired by Minister of Tourism and Chief Secretary

2) State Level Empowered Committees. An SLEC has been established in Tamil

Nadu, chaired by s t a t e Chief Secretary, with Principal Secretary/Secretary of the

Department of Tourism as member secretary and comprised of secretaries from relevant

line departments. The SLEC have been empowered to take all decisions on behalf of

the State and will (i) act as a policy making body, (ii) provide overall advice and

guidance to the State‘s executing agency and PMU, and (iii) accord all approvals under

the Project.

3) Project Management unit: DoT has established a PMU, headed by a full-time Program

Director (PD), and consisting of personnel drawn from relevant line Departments and

market. The PMU is the nodal agency for overall management of all program activities

and will be responsible for: (i) project planning and budgeting; (ii) providing day-to-day


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assistance, supervision and guidance for the PIUs and their consultants; (iii) reviewing

subprojects to satisfy ADB‘s due diligence requirements and approving subproject

proposals submitted by PIU and line departments; (iv) bidding, evaluation and contract

award; (v) managing and disbursing funds; (vi) reviewing compliance with loan

covenants, contract specifications, work plans and quality control; (vii) consolidating and

submitting progress reports, finance and accounting/audit reports, and matters requiring

higher-level decision, to the SLEC and ADB. The PMU will be supported by a team of

consultants.

4) State Level steering committee chaired by Minister of Tourism and Chief Secretary

The members of the Tamil Nadu SLEC will be: Chief Secretary, (chair); Principal

Secretary/Secretary, Tourism and Culture; Secretary, Department of Finance; Secretary,

Planning and Special Initiatives; Secretary, Public Works Department; Secretary,

Highways and Minor Ports; Secretary Forests and Environment; Secretary, Housing and

Urban Development; Secretary, Municipal Administration, Water and Sanitation;

Secretary, Rural Development; Secretary Power; Secretary, Revenue Department;

Secretary, Department of Health and family Welfare; Secretary, Agriculture; Secretary,

Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments (HR&CE), Commissioner, Department of

Archaeology; Secretary, Department of Transport; and Commissioner, Department of

Tourism.

5) Project Implementation Unit. The IA will have PIUs for the implementation and

monitoring of subprojects, comprising of personnel drawn from relevant line

Departments and outside of Government (market) and each headed by a Project

Manager. The PIUs will be responsible for: (i) prioritizing and preparing subproject

proposals; (ii) providing day-to- day assistance, supervision and guidance to the design

and supervision consultants; (iii) conducting detailed assessments and surveys including

public consultation and input from stakeholders; (iv) preparing detailed designs,

specifications, schedule of quantity, bidding documents, and related documentation; (v)

implementing civil works and related activities; (vi) reporting to PMU; (vii) preparing

regular progress reports for the SLEC, the executing agency and ADB through PMU;

and (viii) supervising construction, conducting quality control, approving progress

payments to contractors; and (ix) maintaining records and accounts on an up-to-date

basis and making these available to ADB, its missions, or auditors for inspection.


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6) Project Management Consultants. The Project Management Consultants (PMC)

will be engaged to provide support to the PMU in overall planning, risk

management, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of projects under the

Investment Program. The PMC will also assist the PMU and PIUs in meeting the

relevant requirements of ADB, Government of Tamil Nadu, and Government of India

for project implementation. The PMC will report to and work under the overall guidance

of the PMU. The scope of services of the PMCs will include but not necessarily be

limited to: (i) planning, reporting, and communication; (ii) establishment of

procedures and systems; (iii) review and preparation of plans, manuals and reports; (iv)

overall Investment Program management, monitoring and implementation of PPMS; and

(v) social, environmental, archaeological, occupational health and safety, community

participation and gender action compliance monitoring.

7) Design and Supervision Consultants. The DSCs will be engaged to provide all

necessary support to and coordination with the EA, IAs, PMU and any other consultants

engaged by the authorities to achieve the desired outcomes of the Investment Program.

The DSCs will report to and work under the overall guidance of the PIUs. The scope of

services of the DSCs will include but not necessarily be limited to: (i) surveys,

verification of feasibility studies and base maps; (ii) project planning and management

support to the PIU; (iii) finalization of design criteria, preparation of manuals, guidelines

and systems; (iv) preparation of detailed design and bid documents; (v) construction

management and contract administration; (vi) environmental, social, archaeological,

cultural heritage, community participation and gender action compliance

monitoring; and (vii) capacity building of the service providers for operational

sustainability.

The Implementation Strategy have been prepared with reference to available data and

however it would be revised depending on the contractors work programme and also since

the volume and nature of balance project work under Tranche - 1 and the new projects to be

identified under Tranche -2 is unknown and have not been finalized, the above mentioned

schedule is tentative and shall be revised at the later stage based on the award of contract or

commencement of work.


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5.2.1 Safeguards Management

1) An Environmental Staff is to be deputized to the PMU, and responsible

for implementations of the environmental safeguard provisions.

2) Within the PMC team, a Safeguards Specialist provides overall direction

for management of environmental and social issues, and provides technical support to

the PMU including implementation of the environmental requirements, according to

ADB requirements, and assists in monitoring impacts and mitigation measures

associated with subprojects. The responsibilities of t he PMC Safeguards Specialist

– Environment include but not limited to:

Review the updated IEE prepared by the DSCs for Project 2 after the

detailed designs, and guide the DSCs/PIUs to address observations from

ADB on the IEEs/EMPs;

Ensure that the project design and specification adequately ref

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