Initial Activation Assessment for ARIES Compact Stellarator Power Plant
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Transcript of Initial Activation Assessment for ARIES Compact Stellarator Power Plant
Initial Activation Assessment for ARIES Compact Stellarator
Power Plant
L. El-Guebaly, P. Wilson, D. Paige and the ARIES Team
Fusion Technology InstituteUniversity of Wisconsin - Madison
16th TOFE MeetingSeptember 14-16, 2004
Madison, WI
• Perform systematic activation assessment for interim ARIES-CS design.
• Evaluate:– Activity– Decay Heat
• Address waste-related issues:– Waste Disposal Rating– Breakdown of Class A and Class C waste– Any cleared materials?
Objectives
Breeder Multiplier Structure FW/Blanket Shield VVCoolant Coolant Coolant
Internal VV:Flibe Be FS Flibe Flibe H2O
LiPb – SiC LiPb LiPb H2O
LiPb – FS He/LiPb He H2O
External VV:LiPb – FS He/LiPb He/B-H2O He
LiPb – FS He/LiPb He He
Li – FS He/Li He He
SiC- and FS-Based Systems Selected for Initial Activation Analysis
Analysis Performed at Two Radial Cross Sections
Blanket
Magnet
Plasma
Shield/VV
Xn through nominal blanket/shield/VV
Xn through WC-Shield @ min
ARIES Compact Stellarator3 Field Period Configuration
LiPb/SiC Radial Build
SOL
Gap
Vac
uum
Ves
sel
FS S
hiel
d
Ga p
Thickness(cm)
FW /
Bla
n ke t
- I(L
iPb /
SiC
)
Gap
+ T
h. In
sula
tor
Win
ding
Pac
k
Plas
ma
5 1 2 ≥ 237 312.225 25
≥ 140 cm| |
SOL
Gap
Vac
uum
Ves
sel
WC
Shi
eld
Ga p
Thickness(cm)
WC
Shi
eld
Gap
+ T
h. In
sula
tor
Coi
l Cas
e &
Insu
lato
r
Win
ding
Pac
k
Plas
ma
5 1 2 225 312.225 25
| |C
oil C
ase
& In
sula
tor
min = 114 cm
ShieldOnlyZones
Bla
nket
-II
(LiP
b/Si
C)
25
11W
C S
hiel
d
BlanketZones
Ext
erna
l Str
uctu
reE
xter
nal S
truc
ture
18
18
LiPb/FS/He Radial Build
SOL
Vac
uum
Ves
sel
FS S
hiel
d
Ga p
Thickness(cm)
FW
Gap
+ T
h. In
sula
tor
Win
ding
Pac
k
Plas
ma
54.8 2 ≥ 232 202.228
≥ 149 cm| |
SOL
Vac
uum
Ves
sel
Bac
k W
all
Ga p
Thickness(cm)
Gap
+ T
h. In
sula
tor
Coi
l Cas
e &
Insu
lato
r
Win
ding
Pac
k
Plas
ma
52 247 202.228
| |C
oil C
ase
& In
sula
tor
min = 118 cm
ShieldOnlyZones
Bla
nket
(LiP
b/FS
/He)
47
11W
C S
hiel
d
BlanketZones B
ack
Wal
l
9 1
Gap
FW
4.8
Ext
erna
l Str
uctu
reE
xter
nal S
truc
ture
18
18
Average Neutron Wall Loading 2 MW/m2
Replaceable Component Lifetime 6 FPY for SiC5 FPY for FS
Permanent Component Lifetime 40 FPY
System Availability 85%
Key Parameters for Activation Assessment
Activity
• At intermediate time following shutdown (1 d - 10 y), SiC offers 3-4 orders of magnitude lower activity compared to FS.
• WC filler generates highest activity.
10-3
10-1
101
103
105
100 102 104 106 108 1010
Act
ivity
(Ci/m
3 )
Time After Shutdown (s)
1h 1d 1w 1y
VV Shield
Coil Case
WP-IWP-II
ExternalStructure
10-1
101
103
105
107
109
100 102 104 106 108 1010
Act
ivity
(Ci/m
3 )
Time After Shutdown (s)
1h 1d 1w 1y
SiC B-I
FS
WC
SiC B-II
Decay Heat
• SiC decay heat drops sharply after shutdown, a salient feature.• WC-shield generates 10 - 1000 times higher decay heat than FW/blanket
@ 1 d after shutdown.• If temperature during LOCA/LOFA exceeds limit, install special loop to
transport decay heat from WC-shield to surroundings.
10-3
10-1
101
103
100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107
Dec
ay H
eat (
W/m
3 )
Time After Shutdown (s)
1h
1d 1w
Coil CaseWP-I
Shield
VV
WP-II
ExternalStruccture
10-2
100
102
104
106
100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107
Dec
ay H
eat (
W/m
3 )
Time After Shutdown (s)
1h 1d 1w
FS
SiC B-I
WC
SiC B-II
Waste Disposal Rating(for Compacted Waste @ 100 y After Shutdown)
• WDR < 1 Class C Low Level Waste (LLW).• SiC-FW/blanket, VV, and magnet qualify as Class A LLW.
SiC System FS SystemReplaceable Components:
FW/Blanket-I 0.03 0.4WC-Shield 0.8 0.6
Permanent Components:Blanket-II 0.06 ---Shield 0.5 0.7Vacuum Vessel 0.02 0.05Magnet < 0.1 < 0.1
Breakdown of Class A and Class C Low Level Waste
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500Class A WasteClass C WasteTotal
Low
Lev
el W
aste
Vol
ume
(m3 )
SiC System FS System
63% Class A37% Class C
34% Class A66% Class C
Concrete Building can be Cleared Shortly after Plant Decommissioning
• Steel structure of building can be released after 20 y storage period.
• None of the internal components can be cleared from regulatory control.
10-7
10-5
10-3
10-1
101
103
105
100 102 104 106 108 1010
Bio
shie
ld C
lear
ance
Inde
x
Time After Shutdown (s)
1h 1d 1y
Limit
100y
Concrete
Mild SteelStructure
Conclusions
• No major activation problems identified for SiC and FS systems.
• High decay heat identified for WC-shield Special loop will be installed to transfer decay heat to surroundings if
temperature during accident exceeds limit.
• All radioactive wastes qualify as Class A and Class C LLW.
• None of ARIES-CS components can be cleared from regulatory control except building. Concrete and reinforced steel structure can be released to commercial market after ~0.5 y and ~20 y, respectively.