Infrastructure Development in Conflict Affected Areas in ... · Infrastructure Development in...
Transcript of Infrastructure Development in Conflict Affected Areas in ... · Infrastructure Development in...
Workshop on Infrastructure for Rebuilding and Developing Countries December 17-20, 2007
Washington D.C.
Infrastructure Development in Conflict Affected Areas in
Mindanao, Philippines
Emmanuel MicianoProject Management Specialist
OEDG, USAID/PHILIPPINES
Mindanao Situation• 25% of the population• 30% of the land area• 80% Christian & 20% Muslim• 22 Million people• Decades of conflict (MNLF,
MILF, NPA, bandit groups)
USAID Commitments to Mindanao• 60% of annual funding to
Philippines• $260 million since 2001
Principal ObjectivesGrowth with Equity in Mindanao (GEM)2:
Accelerate economic opportunities in Mindanao and assure that as many people as possible benefit from economic growth. Help bring about and consolidate peace in Mindanao.Demonstrate to population of conflict-affected areas that the GRP and USG are concerned about their well-being.
Infrastructure projects are the most visible and perhaps the most widely appreciated efforts undertaken in GEM2.
Infrastructure DevelopmentTwo types: Barangay Infrastructure Projects (BIPs) and Regional Impact Projects (RIPs)
BIPs are Small-Scale Infrastructure ProjectsLocated in the ARMM and nearby conflict-affected areas. Costs range from $5T to $50T per project.Number of projects: 830 (in 5 years)Estimated 2.6 million beneficiaries
Project types include:Drainage/Irrigation Systems/Culverts (188)Potable Water Systems (40)Grains/Seaweed Solar Dryers (236)Trading/Community Centers (102)Boat Landings (65)Bridges/Footbridges (42)Road Upgrades (52)Other (105)
Infrastructure DevelopmentBarangay Infrastructure Projects (BIPs)
Tupi Box Culvert
Before After
Adjid Community Water
Tunggol Boat Landing, Maguindanao
Sigayan-Caromatan Road, Lanao del Norte
Before After
Purok Maligang Footbridge
Sitio Abaga Grain Solar Dryer, North Cotabato
Infrastructure DevelopmentRegional Impact Projects (RIPs)
High-impact, high-visibility infrastructure projects
Located in the ARMM and nearby conflict-affected areas
Costs range from $50T to $1.2M per project
Number of projects: 40 RIPs ( in 5 years)
Estimated 1.6 million beneficiaries
Project types include:Port Upgrades (7)Commercial Centers (1)Boat landings (4)Bridges (14)Road Upgrades (13)Water Supply Upgrade (1)
Infrastructure DevelopmentRegional Impact Projects (RIPs)
Bongao Water Supply Upgrading, Tawi-Tawi
Jolo Market Road, Sulu
Bongao Port, Tawi-Tawi
Cotabato City Square
Sitio Sarmiento Bridge, Maguindanao
Before After
Lessons LearnedProject Identification and Design Stage
Maximize participation of all stakeholders in project selection;Get “real” local government counterpart contribution up front (ranging from 25% to 50%); Get it in writing with the Mayors and Governors (MOU) with provisions for consequences for failure to comply with agreement on counterpart contribution;Design with an assumption that there is inadequate maintenance;Do not “design” new alignments for barangay roads unless necessary; Follow existing geometric alignments; Adapting standard designs for foot bridges, box culverts, boat landings saves time.
Project Contracting, Construction Management and Turn OverMaximize competition; take out prequalification process, just do post qualificationConstruction supervision and management should be present on site at all times during construction. Establish and independent Quality Control/Quality Assurance Plan. Beneficial Use Monitoring (BUM) ensures proper use, maintenance, and environmental compliance after project turn over. USAID monitoring ensures compliance to plans and specifications.
Perceptions of the Impact of Infrastructure to Peace and Development in Mindanao
In communities benefiting from GEM2-provided infrastructure, conflict has not recurred;
Where GEM2 provided transportation-related infrastructure, transport costs for cargo and passengers have decreased by up to 70% and services increased; Travel times between points of destinations were reduced significantly.
“USAID’s programs have made a difference. Now we can make a living.” – Moro National Liberation Front Vice Chairman Hatimil Hassan
Looking forward to GEM3 Infrastructure
Increase number of BIPs to 1000 projects;
Higher project cost for RIPs up to around $4.0 million;
More competition among local subcontractors;
Improved design, contracting, construction management and quality control.
Continue to emphasize investment in the conflict affected areas in Mindanao
SALAMAT PO
(Tagalog for Thank You)