Information Visualization, Human-Computer Interaction, and Cognitive Psychology: Domain Visualizations

Kevin W. Boyack

Sandia National Laboratories

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Outline

• Motivation

• Process

• VxInsight

– description– demo

• Observations

• Recommendations

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Motivation for Study

• DIGITAL LIBRARIES (DL)

– need technology insertion from

•Information Visualization (IV)•Human-Computer Interaction (HCI)•Cognitive Psychology (CP)

• Are these fields merging? … If so, in what areas?

• Apply our visualization tool, VxInsight

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Study

• Create domain visualizations

• Combine the fields of IV, HCI, CP, and DL

• Several views

– article map– semantic map– co-author network

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Mapping Process Steps

• Data acquisition

• Define relationships

• Organize (cluster)

• Display, browse, access, analyze

Database search

Similarities based on common attributes

VxInsight ordination algorithm (VxORD)

VxInsight

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Steps

• Data acquisition

– Queried SCI (>1991) and SSCI (>1995) titles / abstracts / keywords

Database search

visualization (IV)exploration (IV)navigation (IV)browsing (IV)human-computer interaction (HCI)human-computer interface (HCI)

cognitive psychology (CP)cognitive science (CP)cognitive model (CP)cognitive system (CP)digital library (DL)mental model

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Steps

• Data acquisitionData acquisition

• Define relationships

– co-occurrence

Database searchDatabase search

Similarities based on common attributes

wij = Tij / sqrt(ni * nj)

Tij - number of keywords in common for articles i and jnk - number of keywords for any article k

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Steps

• Data acquisitionData acquisition

• Define relationshipsDefine relationships

• Organize (cluster)

– Force-directed placement algorithm

Database searchDatabase search

Similarities based Similarities based on common on common attributesattributes

VxInsight ordination algorithm (VxORD)

coordinateat/near objects ofdensity

edge oflength euclidean

edge of weight

node toconnected edges ofnumber

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Steps

• Data acquisitionData acquisition

• Define relationshipsDefine relationships

• Organize (cluster)Organize (cluster)

• Display, browse, access,analyze

Database searchDatabase search

Similarities based Similarities based on common on common attributesattributes

VxInsight VxInsight ordination ordination algorithm algorithm (VxORD)(VxORD)

VxInsight

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VxInsight™ ConfigurationVisualize and navigate

large data sets

Configurable menus; detailed information on single data objects

Viewfinder

Choice of landscape rendering

Peak labeling, updated dynamically upon zoom

Linkages between data elements

Mouse buttons control zooming in or out

Limit displayed data with date slider

SQL query to database lights up matching data objects

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Observations

• Few overlaps between fields

• Current overlap is Information Retrieval

• Terms show growth in smart algorithms

• Co-authorship network between fields is nonexistent

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Recommendations

• Focus collaborative work on Information Retrieval

• Additional focus on algorithms

• Should do author co-citation analysis

– Might show more extensive knowledge network

• Keywords are lacking on many articles

– LSA on titles/abstracts would include them