Information Systems and Communications
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Transcript of Information Systems and Communications
Information Systems and Communications
Management Information Systems IMr. Greg VoglUganda Martyrs University27 February 2003
Part I: Conceptual Overview
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Overview
1. Information Systems(from Lauden & Lauden ch. 2)
2. CommunicationsA. NetworksB. The Internet and the World Wide
WebC. Electronic Mail
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1. Information Systems Types of Information Systems
Strategic and Managerial Knowledge and Operational
IS Levels and Groups Organization Functional Areas
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Strategic and Managerial IS ESS: Executive Support Systems
General data, graphical and communication tools for unstructured decision-making
MIS: Management Information Systems Routine reports for planning, controlling and
decision-making DSS: Decision Support Systems
Data analysis and modelling tools for semi-structured decision-making
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Knowledge and Operational IS KWS: Knowledge Work Systems
Workstation for creating expertise/knowledge E.g. engineering, graphics, managerial
OAS: Office Automation Systems Office productivity application E.g. word processing, document imaging,
calendar TPS: Transaction Processing Systems
Daily routine transactions and record-keeping E.g. sales, payroll, reservations, shipping,
workers
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IS Levels and GroupsLevel IS Groups
ServedDescription
Strategic ESS Senior Managers
Long-term trends, plans
Management
MISDSS
Middle Managers
Monitoring, controlling, decisions
Knowledge KWSOAS
Knowledge and Data Workers
Office paperwork and knowledge
Operational TPS Operational Managers
Track activities and transactions ofmoney, materials, people
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Organisation Functional Areas Sales and Marketing Manufacturing Finance Accounting Human Resources Each area can have an IS at each
level!
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2A. Local Area Networks Types of Networks
LAN vs. WAN Internet vs. Intranet Client-Server vs. Peer-to-Peer
Sharing Resources Network Neighborhood
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LAN vs. WAN Network
connection of computers so they can exchange data and share resources
LAN: Local Area Network link computers within a small geographic area,
such as a building or a group of buildings uses direct cables (or wireless signals)
WAN: Wide Area Network powerful computers linked across large
distances uses wires, cables, electromagnetic signals, etc.
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Internet vs. Intranet Internet
a global network of networks that connects millions of computers
Intranet a private version of the Internet,
using Web browsers and server on LANs
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Client-Server vs. Peer-to-Peer Server
computer that provides access to shared resources
e.g. printers and disks Client
computer accessing shared resources on servers Client-Server Network
one or more computers dedicated as servers many clients
Peer-to-Peer Network shares resources among a few “equal” computers
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Sharing Resources Resources that can be shared include:
hardware (disks, printers, scanners, etc.) software (programs) data (files, folders)
Access to resources can be restricted: to certain users or groups (with NT Server) read-only password-protected
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Network Neighborhood Accessible through Desktop, My
Computer or Windows Explorer Shows computers in local area
network Computers are grouped into
workgroups or domains Each computer lists its shared
resources
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2B. The Internet and the World Wide Web Internet Components Web Addresses Features of Web Browsers
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Internet Components Network hardware and operating systems
to send/receive information over long distances Web pages
hypertext documents (linked together) multimedia (pictures, sounds, videos etc.)
Web server Computer that stores web documents
Web clients Browser software to retrieve and view web pages mail, newsgroups, chat, conferencing, file
transfer
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Web Addresses URL: Uniform Resource Locator
Web address to locate a file or program (e.g. http://www.fiuc.org/umu/umu.htm)
Protocol (e.g. http, ftp, telnet) agreed standards of networked communication
Web host (e.g. www.fiuc.org) makes a web site available to the world
Domain (e.g. .com, .gov, .edu, .org, .ug) organisation type or country
Path (e.g. /umu/umu.htm) file and folders to get to a document
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Features of Web Browsers Default/start page
page loaded when the browser starts Ways to access pages
link, URL, button Browser buttons
back, forward, home, refresh, stop, search, favorites, history, print, editor
Other web client software
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2C. Electronic Mail Electronic Mail Accounts Features of E-mail Programs Message Headers
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Electronic Mail Accounts Local vs. Internet e-mail Free e-mail (Yahoo, Hotmail)
accessible from any computer on Internet adverts; spam; slow; Internet access costly
POP mail send/receive a group of messages at a time requires only short connection time
E-mail addresses: username@servername e.g. [email protected] or [email protected]
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Features of E-mail Programs Log in with username, password Read new and old messages Folders to arrange messages Send, reply, forward buttons Attachments e.g. documents,
photos Settings e.g. full name, signature
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Message Headers From: address of sender To: address of recipient(s)
separated by commas Cc: copy to additional recipient(s) Bcc: secretly copy to additional
recipient(s) Subject: a brief title for the message