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informatics (in ormatics comes rom the Frenchword in ormatique which means computerscience). Informatics is de ned as computerscience + information science . sed incon!unction with the name o a discip"ine#it denotes an app"ication o computer scienceand in ormation science to the mana$ementand processin$ o data# in ormation# and%now"ed$e in the named discip"ine. &hus weha'e# medica" in ormatics# nursin$ in ormatics#pharmacy in ormatics and so on.

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The framework for nursing informatics relies onthe central concepts of data, information andknowledge:

data is de ned as discrete entities that aredescribed ob!ecti'e"y without interpretation

information as data that is interpreted#or$ani1ed or structuredknowledge as in ormation that has beensynthesi1ed so that interre"ationships are

identi ed and orma"i1ed.2esu"tin$ in decisions that $uide practice

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&he management and processingcomponents may be considered the unctiona"components o in ormatics.

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E3amp"e:4ata: 05 systo"ic

6n ormation: 75 year8o"d ma"e# day , ohospita"i1ation# 9P 05 ;5

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pplication of !ursing

Informatics:/ursin$ 6n ormatics can be app"ied to a"" areaso nursin$ practice# which inc"ude> c"inica"practice# administration# education# andresearch

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/ursin$ ?"inica" Practice (Point8o 8?are @ystems and ?"inica"6n ormation @ystems)Aor% "ists to remind staf o p"anned nursin$ inter'entions?omputer $enerated c"ient documentationE"ectronic Bedica" 2ecord (EB2) and ?omputer89ased Patient2ecord (?P2)Bonitorin$ de'ices that record 'ita" si$ns and othermeasurements direct"y into the c"ient record (e"ectronic medica"record)?omputer 8 $enerated nursin$ care p"ans and critica" pathways

utomatic bi""in$ or supp"ies or procedures with nursin$documentation2eminders and prompts that appear durin$ documentation toensure comprehensi'e chartin$

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/ursin$ dministration ( ea"th ?are6n ormation @ystems) utomated stafschedu"in$E8mai" or impro'ed communication?ost ana"ysis and ndin$ trends or bud$etpurposes

Cua"ity assurance and outcomes ana"ysis

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/ursin$ Education?omputeri1ed record8%eepin$

?omputeri1ed8assisted instruction6nteracti'e 'ideo techno"o$y4istance Dearnin$8Aeb based courses andde$ree pro$rams

6nternet resources8?E s and orma" nursin$courses and de$ree pro$ramsPresentation so tware or preparin$ s"ides andhandouts8PowerPoint and B@ Aord

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/ursin$ 2esearch?omputeri1ed "iteraturesearchin$8?6/ D# Bed"ine and Aeb sources

&he adoption o standardi1ed "an$ua$ere"ated to nursin$ terms8/ /4 # etc. &he abi"ity to nd trends in a$$re$ate data#that is data deri'ed rom "ar$e popu"ation

$roups8@tatistica" @o tware# @P@@

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"ene#ts of Computer

utomation in Health Care:$lectronic %edical Record # which is thee"ectronic 'ersion o the c"ient data ound in thetraditiona" paper record.

$%R &ene#ts include:Improved access to the medical record. &he EB2can be accessed rom se'era" diferent "ocationssimu"taneous"y# as we"" as by diferent "e'e"s opro'iders.Decreased redundancy of data entry. Fore3amp"e# a""er$ies and 'ita" si$ns need on"y beentered once.

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Decreased time spent in documentation. utomation a""owsdirect entry rom monitorin$ equipment# as we"" as point8o 8caredata entry.Increased time for client care. Bore time is a'ai"ab"e or c"ientcare because "ess time is required or documentation andtranscription o physician orders.Facilitation of data collection for research. E"ectronica""y storedc"ient records pro'ide quic% access to c"inica" data or a "ar$enumber o c"ients.

Improved communication and decreased potential forerror. 6mpro'ed "e$ibi"ity o c"inician documentation and ordersis seen with computeri1ed in ormation systems.Creation of a lifetime clinical record facilitated by informationsystems.

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ther bene ts o automation andcomputeri1ation are re"ated to the useo decision'support software, computerso tware pro$rams that or$ani1e in ormationto aid in decision ma%in$ or c"ient care oradministrati'e issues> these inc"ude:

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Decision-support tools as we"" as a"erts and reminders noti ythe c"inician o possib"e concerns or omissions. n e3amp"eo this# is the documentation o patient a""er$ies in thecomputer system. &he hea"th care pro'iders wou"d be a"ertedto any discrepancies in the patient medication orders.E ective data management and trend- nding inc"ude theabi"ity to pro'ide historica" or current data reports.E tensive nancial information can be co""ected andana"y1ed or trends. n e3treme"y important bene t in thisera o mana$ed care and cost cuttin$.Data related to treatment such as inpatient "en$th o stayand the "owest "e'e" o care pro'ider required can be used todecrease costs.

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The Role of the !ursing

Informatics Specialist (!IS):9ecause o the increased importance ocomputers and in ormation techno"o$y in thepractice o pro essiona" nursin$> a new ro"ehas emer$ed# the nursing informaticsspecialist (!IS)* &he /6@ is a nurse who has

orma" education# certi cation and practica"e3perience in usin$ computers in patient caresettin$s. &he merican /urses ssociation( / # **0)# "ists se'era" unctions o the /6@:

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!heory development. &he /6@ contributes to the scienti c%now"ed$e base o nursin$ in ormatics.

"nalysis of information needs. &he identi cation o in ormationthat nurses need to in order to accomp"ish their wor%> c"ientcare# education# administration# and research#election of computer systems. &he /6@# $uides the user inma%in$ in ormed decisions re"ated to the purchase o computersystems.Design of computer systems and customi$ations. &he /6@co""aborates with users and computer pro$rammers to ma%edecisions about how data wi"" be disp"ayed and accessed.!esting of computer systems. @ystems must be chec%ed orproper unctionin$ be ore they are made a'ai"ab"e or use inpatient care.

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!raining users of computer systems. sers need to be trained inhow the system wor%s# the importance o accurate data entry# andhow the system wi"" bene t them# and more important"y how it wi""impro'e patient outcomes

Evaluation of the e ectiveness of computer systems. &he uniquero"e o the /6@ ma%es them the idea" person to e'a"uate theefecti'eness o computer systems.%ngoing maintenance and enhancements. &he /6@ ma%es sure thecomputeri1ed system unctions proper"y and e3p"ores possib"eenhancements to the system that wi"" better ser'e the users andthe patients.Identi cation of computer technologies that can bene tnursing. &he /6@ must %eep abreast o the chan$es in the e"ds ocomputers and in ormation techno"o$y# inc"udin$ new hardware andso tware that wi"" bene t the nurse and patient.

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&han%s orDistenin$