InfoCrop Help

8/10/2019 InfoCrop Help

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Introduction

Crop models can accelerate inter-disciplinary knowledge utilization in agricultural

research and development. These models present an opportunity for assessing potential

production in a region and facilitate analysis of the sustainability options for agricul-

tural development including planning of resource allocation. These approaches have

been used in recent past for determining the production potential of a location knowing

its resources, germplasm and the level of available technology, in matching agro-

technology with the farmers resources and in analysing the precise reasons for yield

gap, in estimating crop yield before the actual harvest, in studying short- and long-termconsequences of agricultural practices on agricultural environment and to study the

consequences of climatic variability and climatic change on agriculture.

The greater application of crop models in agricultural research and developments,

however, requires a simple, user-friendly modeling framework, whose inputs are easily

available/measurable. n addition, the framework should provide a structure that can be

easily adapted by the application developers. !ost of the e"isting models are too

comple" with large input data requirement, cannot be easily integrated in the

application, and are not very user-friendly. #reliminary results have also indicated that

some of them do not perform very well in many tropical environments characterized by

limited inputs and semi-arid climate.

nfoCrop is a decision support system based on crop models that has been developed by

a network of scientists to provide a platform to scientists and e"tension workers to

build their applications around it and to meet the goals of stakeholders need for

information. These models are designed to simulate the effects of weather, soils,

agronomic management, nitrogen, water and ma$or pests on crop growth and yield,

water and nitrogen management, and greenhouse gases emission. ts general structure is

based on a large number of earlier models and the e"pertise of the scientists involved.

n particular, it is based on !%C&'( )#enning de *ries et al., +, (C&'( )van

0eulen and 1aar, +2 and 3T4&'3( )%ggarwal et al., +5 models. t )nfoCrop

is user-friendly, targeted to increase applications of crop models in research anddevelopment, and has simple and easily available input requirements. The crop models

have been developed by the specialists in those crops and have been validated in ma$or

crop specific environments of ndia. The decision support system also includes

databases of typical ndian soils, weather and varieties for applications. !odels for rice,

wheat, maize, sorghum, pearl millet, potato, sugarcane, cotton, pigeonpea, chickpea,

groundnut, mustard and soybean are available in nfoCrop.

The interface of nfoCrop is developed for the !icrosoft .67T platform using

!icrosoft .67T technologies. t requires !icrosoft .67T 8ramework. 9ou can get the

latest version at :http;//www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.asp"< 8amily=>

d2+?dee-a@f-5eA+-bB?a-BBdB5?222D=isplay1ang>en:. This tool is designed

keeping in mind the web-revolution and increasing nternet usage and has an enhanced

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and attractive web-based interface to give the user the e"perience of web-page based

looks and features leaving behind the primitive and dull button based interface used by

most of the earlier applications.

User InterfaceThis is the starting screen for nfoCrop;

Login- Check this bo" in order to add or modify the default data provided )inMasters

by model developers.

Note- The user needs to provide a validPasswordto add or modify the default data.

Password- This password )if supplied is used to add or modify the default data

provided by model developers with nfoCrop )inMasters.

Proceed- To start using nfoCrop click theProceedbutton.

Exit- To e"it and close nfoCrop click theExitbutton.

Close Window- To close the current screen use the Close Windowbutton.

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The application is divided into the following modules.

Masters

Project

Results

Validation

Weather Conersion

View !iles

Login

Window

"el#

Credits

$isclai%er

Close

The detailed description and functionality of each module is given here.

Masters&The Masterscontain all the data available for selection in the #ro$ect screen while

carrying out a simulation. (ome database for ndian crops, varieties, soils and weather,

pest and organic matter have been given and the user can add similar data for his/her

area of interest. 3hen a simulation pro$ect is planned, it can be e"ecuted only for the

database available in the Masters. #lease remember that the values in the database

should be appropriate, in the desired units, and validated. The results of the simulation

could be biased and even erroneous depending upon the database inMasters.

6ew users are advised to check the Mastersbefore starting the simulation pro$ects.#lease do not modify the data already present in theMastersunless you are very sure

about the new values.

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TheMastersare divided into the following sub-modules;

Crop !aster

*ariety !aster

(oil Te"ture !aster (oil =istrict !aster

3eather !aster

#est !aster

'rganic !atter !aster

Crop Master:

This screen can be used to view or update the list of crops, which are included in

nfoCrop. The user can simulate yields for crops present in Crop Master using the

Projectscreen. The user can add a new crop to be analyzed using this screen, providedhe has the validated crop model )crop.e"e file name and crop.dat files specific for that

crop in the desired format. !ost users cannot easily modify e"isting crop technical

coefficients. Eowever, if one has familiarity with the 8(T file structures and the model

details then the specific crop.dat files can be edited. The crop name provided will be

visible in the #ro$ect for selection.

Cro# Na%e- Crop namebo" is used to provide a crop name. This will be visible in the

#ro$ect during selection of crop to be included in the simulation.

$ata file na%e- To add, view or modify a data file for the crop, use the data file namebo". The data file contains model parameters and interpolated, functions used for

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estimating crop yield. The files have a specific synta" and that has to be always

followed.

E'E file Na%e-TheEXE file Namebo" is used to link the e"ecutable file containing

the processing logic for estimation of crop yield. These files are created using an 8(T

compiler.In#ut (owing $e#th-TheInput Sowing Depthbo" is used for providing, viewing or

modifying sowing depth for the crop in millimeters.

(owing depth should be between ? to +?B mm. The sowing depth provided here is

available as the default sowing depth in sowing treatment selection in the #ro$ect

window.

In#ut (eed Rate-TheInput Seed atebo" is used for providing, viewing or modifying

seed rate )kg ha-+. (eed rate provided here is available as the default seed rate in

sowing treatment selection in the #ro$ect window.

Maxi%u% Possi)le Cro# $uration-Maximum Possi!le Crop Duration is used to

provide, view or modify the ma"imum crop duration for the crop in days. The value

provided here is available as the default number of days after which the simulation willbe stopped in the #ro$ect window. 4enerally a crop will mature much before the

duration specified in this window.

$escri#tion-Descriptionbo" displays the crop description. This can be left blank, if

the user so desires.

Na%e of *uthors-Name of "uthorsbo" displays the name of person)s who have

developed that specific crop model used in nfoCrop.

*ffiliation-"ffiliationdisplays the affiliation of authors for the crop.

Variet+ List-#ariet$ %istdisplays the list containing all crop varieties. The user can

add new varieties of the crop using %dd 6ew Crop *ariety link.

Refresh List-The user can use this link to refresh the list of crop varieties.

Pest List-Pest %istdisplays the list of all pests linked with this crop. The user can link

or remove a pest linked with the crop using Select Pestlink.

Refresh List-The user can use this link to refresh any association made between crops

and pest usingPest masteror crop master.

*dd New Cro# Variet+-The user can use this link for providing a new variety for the

currently visible crop. This opens up the #ariet$ Masterscreen from where the user can

add new varieties.

(elect Pest-The user can associate or link pest with the current crop using Selectpest

link. This presents a window having a pest classification and pest name selection bo".

These selection bo"es contain all the pest classification and the pests listed in them, the

user can select a pest classification and pest to be associated with the crop and click on

the update link to create the association.

U#date-This link can be used to create new association of a pest with the crop. Thislink is present in a window, which appears after clicking on Select Pest link. The

selected pest appears in thePest listas soon as the association is set.

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$elete-This link can be used to remove the association of pest with the crop

*dd-The user can use this link for providing details of a new crop. 3hen the user

clicks on this link, all the bo"es are initialized to their default value )blank and the user

can enter a crop name in the Crop Name selection bo", provide all other inputs

associated with that crop, an optional crop description and use the &pdate link toupdate the crop parameters.

Cancel-The user can use the cancel link while in add newmode or edit mode'sing

this link the user can e"it the add new mode or edit mode and get back to the original

record displayed before entering the add new or edit mode.

U#date-The user can use the update link while in add newmode or edit mode'sing

this link the user can commit or save the new crop parameters while in add new mode

or update the changes made to the crop data while in edit mode.

$elete-The user can use the delete link in order to remove the parameters or data ofcurrently displayed crop. The user is advised to use this function carefully as deletion is

un-recoverable process and all the data related to this crop will be lost.

Close Window-The user can use this link in order to close the currently active

screen/window.

Variety Master:

#ariet$ Master is used to enter the crop variety details and its parameters. These

parameters are so-called Fgenotypic coefficientsG that characterize the basic

physiological behavior of a variety.

The Crop *ariety parameters are categorized into three categories; phenology, growth,

and source-sink balance. !easurement of these parameters is a very specialized $ob and


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may need e"periments in controlled environments. 7"perience has shown that for most

applications, once the correct phenology parameters have been correctly set, simulation

results are satisfactory. The specialists of various crops have built a database of key

varieties in theMasters. These values are either through direct measurement or have

been evolved through iterative calibration procedures. 8or measurement of theparameters please refer to the technical description of the model and to a standard #lant

#hysiology guidebook. The terminology used is as for cereals but for other crops

appropriate equivalent values are to be input.

Cro# Na%e-The crop name selection bo" contains the list of all the crops present in

the Crop Master. The user can select the crop whose variety parameters are to be

provided from this selection bo".

Cro# Variet+- Crop *ariety bo" is used to provide crop variety name. This will be

visible in the #ro$ect during selection of crop varieties to be included in the simulation.

$escri#tion-The description bo" is used to provide a description for crop variety andis optional.

The user can enter the nine #henology parameters using the following bo"es;

,ase te%#erature for sowing to ger%ination-The user can view, modify or provide

the value of base temperature in C for sowing to germination.

her%al ti%e for sowing to ger%ination-The user can view, modify or provide the

value of thermal time in C days for sowing to germination.

,ase te%#erature for ger%ination to ./0 flowering-The user can view, modify or

provide the value of base temperature for germination to ?BH flowering in C. n case

of potato, ?BH flowering is equivalent to tuber initiation.

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her%al ti%e for ger%ination to ./0 flowering-The user can view, modify or

provide the value of thermal time for germination to ?BH flowering in C days. n case

of potato, ?BH flowering is equivalent to tuber initiation.

,ase te%#erature for ./0 flowering to #h+siological %aturit+-The user can view,

modify or provide the value of base temperature for ?BH flowering to physiologicalmaturity in C. n case of potato, ?BH flowering is equivalent to tuber initiation.

her%al ti%e for ./0 flowering to #h+siological %aturit+ -The user can view,

modify or provide the value of thermal time for ?BH flowering to physiological

maturity in C days

1#ti%al te%#erature - The user can view, modify or provide the value of optimal

temperature in C using this bo".

Maxi%u% te%#erature -The user can view, modify or provide the value of ma"imum

temperature in C using this bo".

(ensitiit+ to #hoto#eriod- The user can view or modify the sensitivity to photo-

period using this bo". The values are on a scale of B.? to +.?.

The user can enter the eight 4rowth parameters using the following bo"es;

Relatie growth rate of leaf area-The user can view, modify or provide the value of

relative growth rate of leaf area in degree C/d using this input bo".

(#ecific leaf area-The user can view, modify or provide the value of relative growth

rate of leaf area in dmA /mg using this bo".

Extinction coefficient of leaes at flowering-The user can view, modify or provide the

value of e"tinction coefficient of leaves in ha soil/ha leaf fraction at flowering using

this bo".

Radiation use efficienc+-The user can view, modify or provide the value of radiation

use efficiency in g/!I/day using this bo".Root growth rate-The user can view, modify or provide the value of root growth rate

in mm/d using this bo".

Index of greenness of leaes-The user can view, modify or provide the value of inde"

of greenness of leaves using this bo". The values are to be given in a scale of B. to+.A.

(ensitiit+ of cro# to flooding -The user can view, modify or provide the value of

sensitivity of crop to flooding using this bo". The values are to be given in a scale of

B.+ -+.A.

Index of N fixation-The user can view, modify or provide the value of inde" of 6

fi"ation for leguminous crops using this bo". The values are to be given in a scale of

B.2 to +.

The user can enter the five (ource;sink Jalance parameters using the following bo"es;

(lo#e of storage organ nu%)er2%3 to dr+ %atter during storage organ for%ation

stage-The user can view, modify or provide the value of the (lope of the relationship

between storage organ number/mA to dry matter )kg/ha during storage organs

formation stage in storage organ/kg/day using this input bo".

Potential storage organ weight-The user can view, modify or provide the value of

potential weight of the storage organs in mg/storage organ using this bo".

Nitrogen content of storage organ-The user can view, modify or provide the value of

ma"imum nitrogen content of the storage organs )fraction using this bo".

(ensitiit+ of storage organ setting to low te%#erature-The user can view, modify orprovide the value of sensitivity of storage organ setting to low temperature using this

bo". The values are to be given in a scale of B to +.? to change the sensitivity.


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(ensitiit+ of storage organ setting to high te%#erature-The user can view, modify

or provide the value of sensitivity of storage organ setting to high temperature using

this bo". The values are to be given in a scale of B to +.? to change the sensitivity.

Scale used for different variety parameters: Index of 4reenness of leaes 5(cale /67-8639:

6ormal +

(lightly light green than normal B.

!oderately less green than normal B.

(lightly dark green than normal +.+

!oderately dark green than normal +.A

(ensitiit+ of cro# to flooding 5(cale 8-8639:

6ormal )nsensitive +!oderately more sensitive than normal +.+

Eighly sensitive +.A

Index of N fixation 5onl+ for legu%es95(cale /6; -86/9:

6ormal fi"ation +

!oderately less 6 fi"ation than normal B.

1imited 6 fi"ation B.2

(ensitiit+ of storage organ setting to low te%#erature 5(cale /-86.9:

6ormal +

nsensitive B

!oderately less sensitive than normal B.?

!oderately more sensitive than normal +.A

Eighly sensitive +.?

(ensitiit+ of storage organ setting to high te%#erature 5(cale /-86.9:

6ormal +

nsensitive B!oderately less sensitive than normal B.?

!oderately more sensitive than normal +.A

Eighly sensitive +.?

(ensitiit+ to #hoto#eriod 5(cale /6.-86.9:

6ormal sensitivity +

!ore sensitive than normal )(elect a value between +.+ and +.?

1ess sensitive than normal )(elect a value between B.? and B.

K!odel will also accept values in between the pre-defined lower and upper limits.sers may wish to change these values for varieties depending upon their

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Variet+ List-The variety list displays the list of all crop varieties. The user can click on

any crop variety to view its details.

Retain Para%eters- The user can check this bo" while adding a new crop variety. Thisis useful when the new variety differs only in some parameters from the earlier one.

The checked state of this bo" ensures that the value of all variety parameters for

currently displayed crop variety is retained and is not initialize to default )zero value

when you use the"ddlink to provide a new crop variety.

*dd-The user can use this link for providing details of a new crop variety. 3hen the

user clicks on this link, all the variety parameter bo"es are initialized to their default

value )zero and the user can select a crop from the Crop Nameselection bo", provide a

crop variety, an optional variety description, provide values for variety parameters and

use the &pdate link to update the crop variety.

Cancel-The user can use the cancel link while in add newmode or edit mode'singthis link the user can e"it the %dd new mode or edit mode and get back to the original



this link the user can commit or save the new crop variety details provided while in add

new mode or update the changes made to the variety data while in edit mode.

$elete-The user can use the delete link in order to remove the details of currently

displayed crop variety. The user is advised to use this function carefully as deletion is

un-recoverable process and all the data related to this crop variety will be lost.


screen/window.

Soil Texture Master

nfoCrop uses three soil layers for simulation. The thickness and other properties of

each need to be specified. Soil (exture Master is a generic database of such soil

properties based on te"ture. Soil District master provides these properties for the

dominant soil types for all districts of ndia. #lease remember these are generalised

properties of the soil for the selected district and may not sometimes meet userGs

e"pectations. n such cases, user should input his own soil data before simulation.

The list of soil te"tures provided here is available in the #ro$ect for selection in the

1ocation treatment.

(oil exture-The user can view, modify or provide various soil te"tures using this bo".

(oil te"ture provided here would be visible in the soil te"ture selection list present in

the #ro$ect while providing details for the%ocation (reatment.

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$escri#tion-The user can view, modify or provide description for various soil te"tures

using this bo".

#" of soil-The user can view, modify or provide value of pE for various soil te"tures

using this bo".EC-The user can view, modify or provide value of 7C )electrical conductivity in ds/m

for various soil te"tures using this bo".

(lo#e- The user can view, modify or provide value of slope )H for various fields using

this bo".

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Cla+ 0 for la+er 8- The user can view, modify or provide value of clay content )H in

layer + using this bo".

Cla+ 0 for la+er 3- The user can view, modify or provide value of clay )H in layer A

using this bo".

Cla+0 for la+er =-The user can view, modify or provide value of clay)H in layer @using this bo".

(aturation !raction for la+er 8- The user can view, modify or provide value of

saturation fraction for layer + using this bo".


saturation fraction for layer A using this bo".

(aturation !raction for la+er =-The user can view, modify or provide value of

saturation fraction for layer @ using this bo"

!ield Ca#acit+ !raction for la+er 8- The user can view, modify or provide value of

field capacity fraction for layer + using this bo".


field capacity fraction for layer A using this bo".!ield Ca#acit+ !raction for la+er =-The user can view, modify or provide value of

field capacity fraction for layer @ using this bo"

Wilting Point !raction for la+er 8- The user can view, modify or provide value of

3ilting #oint fraction for layer + using this bo".


3ilting #oint fraction for layer A using this bo".

Wilting Point!raction for la+er =-The user can view, modify or provide value of

3ilting #oint for layer @ using this bo".

(aturated "+draulic Conductiit+ for la+er 8- The user can view, modify or provide

value of (aturated hydraulic conductivity in mm/day for layer + using this bo".


value of (aturated hydraulic conductivity in mm/day for layer A using this bo".

(aturated "+draulic Conductiit+for la+er =-The user can view, modify or provide

value of (aturated hydraulic conductivityin mm/dayfor layer @ using this bo".

,ul< $ensit+ for la+er 8- The user can view, modify or provide value of Julk density

in !g/m@ for layer + using this bo".


in !g/m@ for layer A using this bo".

,ul< $ensit+for la+er =-The user can view, modify or provide value of Julk density

in !g/m@for layer @ using this bo".

1rganic Car)on for la+er 8- The user can view, modify or provide value of 'rganiccarbon )H for layer + using this bo".

1rganic Car)on for la+er 3- The user can view, modify or provide value of 'rganic

carbon )H for layer A using this bo".

1rganic Car)on la+er =-The user can view, modify or provide value of 'rganic

carbon )Hfor layer @ using this bo".

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The simulation model also needs to know the status of soil moisture and inorganic

nitrogen in different soil layers at the beginning of simulation. %ppro"imate values for

these have been provided as default values but users are strongly encouraged to input

these values form their own measurements/e"perience.(oil Moisture !raction at (owing for la+er 8- The user can view, modify or provide

value of (oil moisture fraction at sowing for layer + using this bo".

(oil Moisture !raction at (owing for la+er 3- The user can view, modify or provide

value of (oil moisture fraction at sowing for layer A using this bo".

(oil Moisture !raction at (owingfor la+er =-The user can view, modify or provide

value of (oil moisture fraction at sowingfor layer @ using this bo".

Initial (oil *%%oniu% for la+er 8- The user can view, modify or provide value of

nitial soil ammonium in kg/ha for layer + using this bo".


nitial soil ammonium in kg/ha for layer A using this bo".

Initial (oil *%%oniu% for la+er =-The user can view, modify or provide value ofnitial soil ammonium in kg/hafor layer @ using this bo".

Initial (oil Nitrate for la+er 8- The user can view, modify or provide value of nitial

soil nitrate in kg/ha for layer + using this bo".


soil nitrate in kg/ha for layer A using this bo".

Initial (oil Nitrate for la+er =-The user can view, modify or provide value of nitial

soil nitrate in kg/hafor layer @ using this bo".

(oil List-(oil list displays list of all the soil te"tures available in the database. The user

can click on any soil te"ture to view its details. The number of soil te"tures available

for selection in the #ro$ect during 1ocation treatment selection depends on this list.

Retain Para%eters- The user can check this bo" while adding a new soil te"ture in

case some soil te"ture parameters have similar values. The checked state of this bo"

ensures that the value of all te"ture parameters for currently displayed soil te"ture is

retained and is not initialize to default )zero value when you use the "dd link to

provide a new soil te"ture.

*dd-The user can use this link for providing details of a new soil te"ture. 3hen the

user clicks on this link, all the te"ture bo"es are initialized to their default value )zero

and the user can enter a new soil te"ture, provide an optional soil te"ture description,

provide values for te"ture parameters and use the &pdate link to update the soil te"ture.Cancel-The user can use the cancel link while in add newmode or edit mode. sing




this link the user can commit or save the new soil te"ture details provided while in add

new mode or update the changes made to the soil te"ture data while in edit mode.


displayed soil te"ture. The user is advised to use this function carefully as deletion is

un-recoverable process and all the data related to this soil te"ture will be lost.


screen/window.

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Soil District Master

% database of soil properties has been provided for the dominant soil types of all

districts of ndia based on literature survey and e"pert $udgments. Soil District Master

can be used by the user to use this district-based soil te"ture data and associated

properties. #lease remember there are generalised properties of the soil in the selecteddistrict and may not sometimes meet userGs e"pectations. n such cases user should

input his own soil data before simulation. sers are encouraged to review this data,

make suitable corrections and also pass them on to the ndian %gricultural &esearch

nstitute for future corrections. This list of districts based soil te"ture data will be

available in the #ro$ect for selection in the 1ocation treatment.

$istrict-The user can view, modify or provide name of various districts using this bo".

The district name provided here would be visible in the district selection list present in

the #ro$ect while making selections for the%ocation (reatment.

$escri#tion-The user can view, modify or provide description for various districts

using this bo".

*dd (oil +#e-% district can have more than one soil type. The user can use this link

to add a new soil type for the currently displayed district. %fter clicking this link a

window is displayed, where the user can provide a new soil te"ture, an optional soil

te"ture description, provide all other required soil parameters and use the &pdate link

to update the soil data.

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U#date 5(oil +#e9-The user can use this link for saving the new soil type parameters

associated with a district.

$elete 5(oil +#e9-The user can use this link for deleting the soil te"ture associated

with a district.The user is advised to use this function carefully as deletion is un-recoverable process

and all the data related to this soil type will be lost.

Modif+ (oil +#e-The user can use this link to modify any soil type provided for the

currently displayed district. %fter clicking this link a window is displayed, from where

the user can select a soil type, modify any other soil type parameters and use the

&pdate link to update the soil data.

#" of soil-The user can view, modify or provide value of pE for various soil using this

bo".

EC-The user can view, modify or provide value of 7C )electrical conductivity in ds/m

for various soil using this bo".

(lo#e- The user can view, modify or provide value of slope )H using this bo".hic


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(ilt 0 for la+er 8-The user can view, modify or provide value of silt H in layer +

using this bo".

(ilt 0 for la+er 3-The user can view, modify or provide value of silt H in layer A

using this bo".

(ilt 0 for la+er =-The user can view, modify or provide value of silt H in layer @using this bo".

Cla+ 0 for la+er 8-The user can view, modify or provide value of clay H in layer +

using this bo".

Cla+ 0 for la+er 3-The user can view, modify or provide value of clay H in layer A

using this bo".

Cla+ 0 for la+er =-The user can view, modify or provide value of clay H in layer @

using this bo".


saturation fraction for layer + using this bo".


saturation fraction for layer A using this bo".(aturation !raction for la+er =-The user can view, modify or provide value of

saturation fraction for layer @ using this bo"


field capacity fraction for layer + using this bo".


field capacity fraction for layer A using this bo".

!ield Ca#acit+ !raction for la+er =-The user can view, modify or provide value of

field capacity fraction for layer @ using this bo"


3ilting #oint fraction for layer + using this bo".


3ilting #oint fraction for layer A using this bo".

Wilting Point!raction for la+er =-The user can view, modify or provide value of

3ilting #oint fraction for layer @ using this bo".


value of (aturated hydraulic conductivity in mm/day for layer + using this bo".


value of (aturated hydraulic conductivity in mm/day for layer A using this bo".

(aturated "+draulic Conductiit+for la+er =-The user can view, modify or provide

value of (aturated hydraulic conductivityin mm/dayfor layer @ using this bo".

,ul< $ensit+ for la+er 8- The user can view, modify or provide value of Julk densityin !g/m@ for layer + using this bo".


in !g/m@ for layer A using this bo".

,ul< $ensit+for la+er =-The user can view, modify or provide value of Julk density

in !g/m@for layer @ using this bo".


carbon )H for layer + using this bo".


carbon )H for layer A using this bo".

1rganic Car)on la+er =-The user can view, modify or provide value of 'rganic

carbon )Hfor layer @ using this bo".

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The simulation model also needs to know the status of soil moisture and available

nitrogen in different soil layers at the beginning of simulation. %ppro"imate values for

these have been provided as default values but the users are strongly encouraged to

input these values form their own measurements/e"perience.

(oil Moisture !raction at (owing for la+er 8- The user can view, modify or providevalue of (oil moisture fraction at sowing for layer + using this bo".

(oil Moisture !raction at (owing for la+er 3- The user can view, modify or provide

value of (oil moisture fraction at sowing for layer A using this bo".

(oil Moisture !raction at (owingfor la+er =-The user can view, modify or provide

value of (oil moisture fraction at sowingfor layer @ using this bo".


nitial soil ammonium in kg/ha for layer + using this bo".


nitial soil ammonium in kg/ha for layer A using this bo".

Initial (oil *%%oniu% for la+er =-The user can view, modify or provide value of

nitial soil ammonium in kg/hafor layer @ using this bo".Initial (oil Nitrate for la+er 8- The user can view, modify or provide value of nitial

soil nitrate in kg/ha for layer + using this bo".


soil nitrate in kg/ha for layer A using this bo".

Initial (oil Nitrate for la+er =-The user can view, modify or provide value of nitial

soil nitrate in kg/hafor layer @ using this bo".

$istrict List-=istrict list displays list of all districts. The user can click on any district

to view its soil type. The number of districts and their soil types available for selection

in the #ro$ect during 1ocation treatment selection depends on this list.

Retain Para%eters- The user can check this bo" while adding a new soil type in case

some soil type parameters have similar values. The checked state of this bo" ensures

that the value of all type parameters for currently displayed soil type is retained and is

not initialize to default )zero value when you use the"dd Soil ($pelink to provide a

new soil type.

*dd-The user can use this link for providing details of a new district. 3hen the user

clicks on this link, all the bo"es are initialized to their default value )blank and the user

can enter a new district, provide an optional district description and use the &pdate link

to update the district. The user can then use the"dd Soil ($pelink to add any soil type

in that district.Cancel-The user can use the cancel link while in add newmode or edit mode'sing




this link the user can commit or save the new district provided while in add new mode

or update the changes made to the district data while in edit mode.


displayed district and soil type. The user is advised to use this function carefully as

deletion is un-recoverable process and all the data related to this soil type will be lost.


screen/window.

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Weather Master

nfoCrop needs daily weather data )solar radiation, ma"imum and minimum

temperatures, rainfall, wind speed and vapour pressure in appropriate format for

correct simulations. Weather mastercan be used by the user to provide details of

weather data available in the #ro$ect as well as to convert the data to nfoCrop formats.This contains a list of all the weather stations along with the weather data file

containing details of daily weather data for different years, which could be included in

the simulation. The model developers have already provided a minimum database.

sers are required to add to this database the data of their respective weather stations.

The convention used for taking the weather data input files by the nfocrop crop models

includes the (tation code, (tation number and year in the following order; Lstation code

M station number M N.O M last three digits of yearP. 8or e"ample the file name for the

station =elhi with station code F=71EG, station number F+G and year F+2G will be

F=71E+.2G. This weather data file must be present in the weather data folder of

nfoCrop. sers are advised to please stick to the nomenclature else simulations cannotbe done.

Weather (tation-The user can view, modify or provide a weather station using this

bo". The weather station provided here would be visible in the Weather Station

selection list present in the #ro$ect while providing details for the location treatment.

(tation Code-(tation code is a four-character code, which will be used to link the

weather data file to the weather station selected in the #ro$ect.

(tation Nu%)er-(tation number is a numeric code used to identify the data for a

weather station. 9ou can provide the weather data containing different station numbers

for the same weather station. The value provided here would be visible in the StationNum!er selection list present in the #ro$ect while providing details for the year

treatment.

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>ear-The user can view, modify or provide a year for the weather station using this

bo". The year provided here would be visible in the )earselection list present in the

#ro$ect while providing details for the year treatment.

!ile Na%e-The user can use this bo" to view, modify or provide the file name )with

complete system path for the weather data file for the weather station.!ile !or%at-The user can use this bo" to view, modify or select the file format for the

weather data file provided for the weather station. The user has the option of providing

files in ser *ormat Excel)!(-7"cel file, ser *ormat text)te"t file,DSS"(format

or the standardInfoCrop *ormat. The application only recognizes and works with the

InfoCrop *ormat' %ny other file format needs to be first converted to the standard

InfoCrop *ormatusing the Weather Con+ersion "pplication.

(elect fro% list-This option can be used to select a weather station name from the list

of already present weather stations. %s the user selects a weather station from the

selection list, the station code for the weather station is displayed in the station code

bo".

(tation List-This list displays the list of all the weather stations provided. The user canclick on any weather station to view its details.

Conert to InfoCro# !or%at-This link launches the weather conversion application,

which is used to convert the weather data file to standard InfoCrop *ormat'

*dd-The user can use this link for providing details of new weather station. 3hen the

user clicks on this link, all the bo"es are initialized to their default value )blank or +

and the user can enter or select a weather, provide other required details and use the

&pdate link to update the weather station data.





this link the user can commit or save the weather station details provided while in add

new mode or update the changes made to the weather station while in edit mode.


displayed weather station. The user is advised to use this function carefully as deletion

is un-recoverable process and all the data related to this weather will be lost.


screen/window.

Note-The weather data file should be present in FweatherdataG folder of the installation

directory selected for the application.

Pest Master

Pest Mastercan be used by the user to e"amine details of pests, their linkage with crops

and the functions associated with this. This can also be used to add new pests, functions

and associations. The list of pests provided here in the database is the one available in

the #ro$ect for selection as per the selected crop association.

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Pest Classification- This contains a list of all pest categories. %ll the pests are

classified as either disease, or insect or as weed.

Pest Na%e-The user can view, modify or provide a pest name using this bo". The pest

name provided here would be visible in the Pestselection list present in the #ro$ectwhile providing details for the pest treatment.

Measure%ent Unit- The user can view, modify or provide a measurement unit for the

pest using this bo". The measurement unit provided here would be visible in the #ro$ect

while providing details for the pest treatment. 8or diseases, nfoCrop always uses

severity )percent infection between B and +BBH. 8or insects in which population is

difficult to count such as stem borers, nfoCrop uses percent infestation )B to +BBH

and for others it is population )number/ha. n case of weeds, the input needed is an

estimate of leaf area cover of weeds )fraction between B and + relative to total cover

)crop 1% M weed 1% at different times after planting.

Pest $escri#tion- The user can view, modify or provide a pest description using this

bo". This is optional only.Pest !unction-This is a selection bo" containing a list of related #est functions. These

functions are implemented on selection of a pest during pest-selection treatment. #est

functions are internal functions that are defined in a crop model. t is advised that the

user should not modify these unless e"perienced to do so.

!unction $escri#tion-The user can view, modify or provide a description for the

function associated with the pest using this bo". This is optional.

*dd New-This link can be used to add a new #est function to be associated with a

pest. This link presents a window in which the user can enter the pest function name

and description,optional. %fter providing the details, the user can use the &pdatelink

to save the data provided. t is advised that the user should not modify these unless

e"perienced to do so.

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Modif+ List-This link can be used to modify or remove association of the function

with the pest. This link presents a window containing a list of all available pest

functions. The user can select the function from the function selection list and use the

&pdatelink to create the association with the current #ro$ect or else use theDeletelinkto delete a #est function. t is advised that the user should not modify these unless

e"perienced to do so.

$elete-This link can be used to delete a #est function.

Cro# List-This list displays all the crops associated with the pest. The pests, which

appear for selection in the #ro$ect after crop selection, are as per the association visible

in this list.

(elect Cro#-The user can associate or link crops with the current pest using Select

Croplink. This presents a window having a crop name selection bo". This bo" contains

all the crops listed in the Crop master, the user can select the crop to be associated with

the pest and click on the update link to create the association.

U#date-This link can be used to associate a crop with the pest. This link is present in awindow, which appears after clicking on Select Croplink. The selected crop appears in

the Crop listas soon as the association is set. nless pdate is used, the nfoCrop does

not retain the modified association.

$elete-This link can be used to remove the association of crop with the pest.

Pest List-This list displays details of all the pests provided through this screen. The

user can click on a pest from this list to view its details.

*dd-The user can use this link for providing details of new pest in pest list. 3hen the

user clicks on this link, all the bo"es are initialized to their default value )blank and the

user can select a pest classification, enter a pest, provide other required details and use

the &pdate link to update the pest data.

Cancel-The user can use the cancel link while in add newmode or edit mode'singthis link the user can e"it the %dd new mode or edit mode and get back to the original


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this link the user can commit or save the pest details provided while in add new mode

or update the changes made to the pest data while in edit mode.


displayed pest. The user is advised to use this function carefully as deletion is un-recoverable process and all the data related to this pest will be lost.


screen/window.

Organic Matter Master

-rganic Matter Mastercan be used by the user to provide details of different types of

'rganic matters to be considered in nfoCrop. The list of organic matters provided here

is available in the #ro$ect for selection.

1rganic Matter-The user can view, modify or provide name of 'rganic !atter usingthis bo". The organic matters provided here would be visible in the #ro$ect while

providing details for the organic matter treatment.

C&N Ratio- The user can view, modify or provide the value of carbon to nitrogen ratio

of the selected organic matter using this bo".

Cellulose and he%i-cellulose fraction- The user can view, modify or provide the value

of Cellulose and hemi-cellulose fraction of the selected organic matter using this bo".

Lignin fraction- The user can view, modify or provide the value of lignin fraction of

the selected organic matter using this bo".

Car)oh+drate fraction-The value of carbohydrate fraction is automatically calculated

on the basis of fractional values of cellulose and hemi-cellulose and lignin. The user

can only view, the value of carbohydrate fraction of the selected organic matter usingthis bo". This is to prevent the total sum of various fractions e"ceeding the value of

one.

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$eco%#osition Rate Car)oh+drates- The user can view, modify or provide

decomposition rate for Carbohydrate using this bo". The decomposition rate of

carbohydrates is considered to be same for all the organic matters and any change made

in this rate is reflected across all organic matters.

$eco%#osition Rate Cellulose-The user can view, modify or provide decompositionrate for Cellulose using this bo". The decomposition rate of Cellulose is considered to

be same for all the organic matters and any change made in this rate is reflected across

all organic matters.

$eco%#osition Rate Lignin- The user can view, modify or provide the value of

decomposition rate for 1ignin using this bo". The decomposition rate of 1ignin is

considered to be same for all the organic matters and any change made in this rate is

reflected across all organic matters.

*dd-The user can use this link for providing details of new organic matters. 3hen the

user clicks on this link, all the bo"es are initialized to their default value )blank or zero

and the user then enters an organic matter, provide other required details associatedwith it and use the &pdate link to update the data. The data is not stored unless update

button is clicked.





this link the user can commit or save the organic matter details provided while in add

new mode or update the changes made to the organic matter data while in edit mode.


displayed organic matter. The user is advised to use this function carefully as deletion is

un-recoverable process and all the data related to this organic matter will be lost.


screen/window.

1rganic Matter List- This is a list containing details of all the organic matters

available. The user can click on any organic matter to view its detailed properties.

These can be modified if the user so desires using the procedure indicated earlier. The

number of organic matters available for selection in the #ro$ect during 'rganic !atter

treatment selection depends on this list.

Note-The sum of values of cellulose and hemi-cellulose fraction, lignin fraction and

carbohydrate fraction should be +.

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Project&This menu contains the following sub-menu;

Create New-This menu item creates a new #ro$ect for carrying out simulation. The

simulation involves providing input for a number of factors, which directly or indirectly

affect the crop yield produced. The various yield regulating factors considered in

nfoCrop can be broadly classified into the following nine categories;

+. *ariety

A. 1ocation )weather and soil

@. 9ear )climatic variability

5. (owing )dates, depth and planting

?. rrigation )method, amount and time of addition

. 6itrogen )method, amount and time of addition

2. 'rganic !atter )amount and time of addition

. Climate change )temperature, rainfall and C'A. #ests

reat%ents Window- The treatments window becomes visible whenever the user

creates a new #ro$ect or clicks on the &eview link. The treatments window acts as a

ma$or input screen for a simulation.

Project itle-The user can specify a title for the current #ro$ect using this bo". The

#ro$ect title, along with user name is used to uniquely identify any #ro$ect.

Cro# Na%e-8rom this selection bo" the user can select the crop to be included in thesimulation. The crop list is populated as per the crops provided in Crop Master. The

user can select only a single crop in one simulation.

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$ate of start of si%ulation-The user can specify a date of start of simulation for the

current #ro$ect using this bo". 4enerally sowing date is input here. The date is specified

in days and months e"cluding year as year/s is specified while providing inputs for 9ear

treatments. This date can be before the sowing date to allow simulation of organic

matter addition and soil water and nitrogen balance in fallow conditions.(to# si%ulation after-The user can specify the number of days after which to stop this

simulation. This is generally used as an upper limit for simulation. n general, model

will stop much earlier due to maturity or other reasons.

Printing Interal-The user can specify the printing interval for the results generated

using this bo". #rinting interval decides the day interval or the days gap between results

generated. %n interval of + day produces results for consecutive days. 3hen large

numbers of treatments are simulated, using short print intervals can generate huge files,

which slows down the whole application. sers are advised to use large time intervals

)say +B days or more in such cases. f only maturity values are of interest then the user

should select ?B days or greater as the printing interval.

Variet+-ser has to specify the number of *ariety treatments to be included in thecurrent simulation. The default and minimum value for variety treatment is + i.e. the

user must include at least + variety treatment in the simulation. 'nly those varieties can

be simulated that are already in the database in the Masters. sers wanting to simulate

varieties other than those listed should add the features of these varieties first through

theMasters.

Location-ser has to specify the number of 1ocation treatments to be included in the

simulation. The default and minimum value for location treatment is + i.e. the user must

include at least + location treatment in the simulation. 'nly those locations can be

simulated that are already in the database in theMasters. sers wanting to simulate for

locations other than those listed should add the features of these locations )weather and

soil first through theMasters.

>ear- ser has to specify the number of 9ear treatments to be included in the

simulation. The default and minimum value for year treatment is + i.e. the user must

include at least + year treatment in the simulation. 'nly those years can be simulated

that are already in the database in theMasters. sers wanting to simulate other years

should add the weather data of these years first through the Masters.

(owing-ser has to specify the number of (owing treatments to be included in the

simulation. The default and minimum value for sowing treatment is + i.e. the user must

include at least + sowing treatment in the simulation.

Irrigation-ser has to specify the number of rrigation treatments to be included in the

simulation. The user can opt to e"clude the irrigation treatment from the simulation.Nitrogen-ser has to specify the number of 6itrogen treatments to be included in the

simulation. The user can opt to e"clude the nitrogen treatment from the simulation..

1rganic Matter-ser has to specify the number of 'rganic !atter treatments to be

included in the simulation. The user can opt to e"clude the organic matter treatment

from the simulation.

Cli%ate Control-ser has to specify the number of climate control treatments to be

included in the simulation. The user can opt to e"clude the climate control treatment

from the simulation. n that case the model assumes no climate change scenario.

Pest- ser has to specify the number of #est treatments to be included in the

simulation. The user can opt to e"clude the pest treatment from the simulation. n that

case the model assumes that there is no pest attack.otal reat%ents- The value visible here is the multiple of the number of treatments of

each of the nine yield regulating factors specified. The users are advised to keep this

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(ection 8displays a list of all the variety treatments included in the #ro$ect. The details

visible are treatment number and the selected variety.

(ection 3displays a list of the location treatments included in the #ro$ect. The detailsvisible are treatment number, location, soil te"ture, district and soil type.

1ocation contains the selected weather stationQ soil te"ture contains the selected soil

te"ture. =istrict and soil type contains the selections made in case the user opts to

provide soil parameters by selecting a district and soil type.

(ection =displays a list of year treatments included in the #ro$ect. The details visible

are treatment number, year and station number.

(ection @displays a list of selected sowing treatments. The details visible are treatment

numbers, sowing date, water content, sowing depth, seed rate and sowing method.

(owing date displays the selected sowing date, water content displays the threshold

value of water content in layer + when sowing should be done. This is visible only if

the user opts to calculate the sowing date based on soil moisture in layer +. (owing

depth, seed rate displays their respective values. n case of rice, the sowing method

)transplanted, direct seeded, puddling, age of seedling at transplanting day, plants/hill

and hills/mAneeds are also displayed. n case of #otato, the value of sprout length is

also displayed.

(ection .displays a list of selected irrigation treatments. The details visible are crop

type )irrigated or rainfed, irrigation method, bund height and type used for irrigationwater data management in different soil layers. n the days after start of simulation,

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irrigation dates selected by user are separated by commas and their corresponding

amount is displayed in the amount column.

(ection A displays a list of selected nitrogen treatments. The details visible are crop

type )fertilized or unfertilized, and details of types of nitrogen fertilizer input datamanagement for different soil layers. n the days after start of simulation, nitrogen

fertilization dates selected by user are separated by commas and their corresponding

amount is displayed in the amount column.

(ection ; displays a list of organic matter treatments selected for the #ro$ect. The

details visible are treatment number, organic matter, day of addition after start of

simulation, amount of organic matter and weight of roots of last crop. The selected

organic matter is displayed in the organic matter column, the days provided after start

of simulation are separated by commas and their corresponding amount is displayed in

the amount column. % single row contains details of a single organic matter. The user

can select upto a ma"imum of three types of organic matters for a single treatment. Theweight of roots of last crop is displayed only once for a treatment even in case the user

has selected more then one organic matter for a single treatment.

(ection 7displays a list of all the climate change treatments for the #ro$ect. The details

available are treatment number, temperature change, input file, ma"imum change in

ambient temperature, minimum change in ambient temperature, C'Aconcentration, and

change in average daily rainfall. Climatic change could contain either of the two values;

+. (ame Change 7veryday

A. *ariable Changes 'vertime

n case the user selects the option for variable changes in climatic parameters with time,

then an input file containing the changes in weather data needs to be provided whose

path is visible under the input file column.

n case the user selects the option for same changes in climatic parameters everyday,

then the values of ma"imum change in ambient temperature )in degree C, minimum

change in ambient temperature )in degree C, C'A concentration )in ppm and change

in average daily rainfall )in H needs to be specified.

(ection Bdisplays a list of all the #est treatments selected by the user. The details

available are treatment number, pest, days after start of simulation and amount.K % listof all pests selected is displayed in the pest column. The days after start of simulation

and their corresponding amount are displayed separated by commas.

(ection 8/displays the following information and links;

otal treat%ents for si%ulation- This displays the total treatments selected for

simulation

(elected treat%ents for si%ulation- This displays the treatments selected for

e"ecution in the simulation

View results- This link displays the results generated for the #ro$ect

(ae Project- This link is used for saving the current #ro$ect. n case the #ro$ect is notsaved yet, a window is displayed containing the title of the #ro$ect and option for

protecting the #ro$ect. The user has to provide a user name for saving an unsaved

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#ro$ect. The combination of #ro$ect title and user name should be unique for saving a

#ro$ect. The #ro$ect can be protected by providing a password, which is required while

opening the #ro$ect.

(ae Project *s- The user can save any changes made in the #ro$ect with a different

user name, using this option.

(ection 88displays any comments provided for the current #ro$ect. These are saved

with the #ro$ect and could be of any type such as one related to the type of simulation

carried out in the current #ro$ect or comments on the results produced by e"ecution of

crop model.

>ield Regulating !actors- The user can make selections for the yield regulating

factors included in the current #ro$ect using this link.

Variet+ window

otal Variet+ reat%ents-The total variety treatments selected earlier in the treatments

window are displayed here.

(elected Variet+ reat%ents-The variety treatments selected for the current #ro$ect

using the &pdate Projectlink of this window are displayed here.

his ariet+ reat%ent R - This displays a selection bo" containing the list of all

variety treatment numbers. The current variety treatment number whose value is to be

updated is visible here.

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U#date Project-This link can be used by the user for updating the selections made for

the Current variety treatment. n case of any incomplete information, a message will be

displayed to inform the user. #lease note that clicking the pdate button is necessary

for the model to register your selection.

#ariet$. This bo" contains a list of all varieties for the selected crop, which are

provided in +ariet$ master. The user can select a crop variety to be included in the

current variety treatment using this selection bo".

The parameters for the variety selected are visible at the bottom. These parameters are

as given in the #ariet$ Masterand are divided into three groups namely #henology,

4rowth, and (ource;(ink Jalance. There are following nine phenology parameters;

+. Jase temperature for sowing to germination

A. Thermal time for sowing to germination

@. Jase temperature for germination to ?BH flowering

5. Thermal time for germination to ?BH flowering?. Jase temperature for ?BH flowering to physiological maturity

. Thermal time for germination to ?BH flowering

2. 'ptimal temperature

. !a"imum temperature

. (ensitivity to photoperiod

There are following eight growth parameters;

+. &elative growth rate of leaf area

A. (pecific leaf area

@. 7"tinction coefficient of leaves at flowering

5. &adiation use efficiency

?. &oot growth rate

. nde" of greenness of leaves

2. (ensitivity of crop to flooding scale

. nde" of 6 fi"ation

There are following five source;sink balance parameters;

+. (lope of storage organ number/mAto dry matter during storage

organ formation stage

A. #otential storage organ weight

@. 6itrogen content of storage organ5. (ensitivity of storage organ setting to low temperature

?. (ensitivity of storage organ setting to high temperature

Note-The user cannot change any variety parameter value from here. t can only be

done using #ariet$ Masterscreen.

%fter selecting the desired variety the user can use the pdate #ro$ect link for inclusion

of this variety treatment in the current #ro$ect. % confirmation message is displayed on

successful inclusion of variety treatment in the #ro$ect and the treatment number

displayed in the (his +ariet$ treatment /selection bo" is incremented by + in case

current treatment number is less then the total variety treatments. n case the user hasalready updated the current variety treatment, a confirmation message is displayed for

overwriting the earlier input provided.

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Location window

otal Location reat%ents-The total location treatments specified earlier in thetreatments window are displayed here.

(elected Location reat%ents-The location treatments selected for the current #ro$ect


his Location reat%ent R - This displays a selection bo" containing the list of all

location treatment numbers. The current variety treatment number whose value is to be

updated is visible here.


the current location treatment. n case of any incomplete information, a message is



Weather station.This bo" contains a list of all the weather stations as provided in the

3eather !aster. The user can select any weather station to be included in the current

location treatment using this selection bo".

The user can select a soil either by district or by te"ture. n case the user opts to select

soil by district, district needs to be selected from the district selection bo". There can

more than one soil type in a district. Then the user has to select a soil type from the soil

type selection bo". deally, weather station and the soil should be from the same place.

(ince this is not always possible and some users may wish to try different scenarios,

fle"ibility is provided to the user to also select different weather stations and districts to

constitute a location.

n case the user opts to select soil by te"ture then soil te"ture needs to be selected fromthe (oil te"ture selection bo". The soil parameters are displayed on selection of the soil

type or te"ture as opted by the user. These are visible at the bottom and are based on the

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Soil District Master or Soil (exture Master. n order to change these values, if

necessary, user must modify them in the (oils master.

Please note that Initial Conditions at Sowing (ime0 p1 of soil0 EC0 slope gi+en are +er$

generic and can !e modified from here to include user2s own assessment6

%fter selecting the desired weather station and soil the user can use the pdate #ro$ectlink for inclusion of this location treatment in the current #ro$ect. % confirmation

message is displayed on successful inclusion of location treatment in the #ro$ect and

the treatment number displayed in the (his location treatment / selection bo" is

incremented by + in case current treatment number is less then the total location

treatments. n case the user has already updated the current location treatment, a

confirmation message is displayed for overwriting the earlier input provided.

>ear window

otal >ear reat%ents-The total number of year treatments specified in the treatments

window is displayed here.

(elected >ear reat%ents-The year treatments selected for the current #ro$ect using

the &pdate Projectlink of this window are displayed here.

his >ear reat%ent R - This displays a selection bo" containing the list of all year

treatment numbers. The current year treatment number whose value is to be updated is

visible here.


the Current year treatment. n case of any incomplete information, a message is

displayed to inform the user. #lease note that clicking the pdate button is necessaryfor the model to register your selection.

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)ear.This bo" contains a list of all the years for the weather station/s specified in the

location treatment whose data is provided in Weather Master. The user can select any

year to be included in the current year treatment using this selection bo".

%fter selecting the desired year, the station numbers for the selected location and year

are listed in the (tation 6umber bo". n case of only a single station number, the stationnumber bo" displays it on selection of year. %fter selecting the year and station number

the user can use the pdate #ro$ect link for inclusion of this year treatment in the

current #ro$ect. % confirmation message is displayed on successful inclusion of year

treatment in the #ro$ect and the treatment number displayed in the (his $ear treatment

/selection bo" is incremented by + in case current treatment number is less then the

total year treatments. n case the user has already updated the current year treatment, a


6ote- n case more than one location has been selected in the treatments window,

nfocrop screens database and shows only those common years where data is available

for all locations selected.

(owingwindow

otal (owing reat%ents-The total sowing treatments specified in the treatments


(elected (owing reat%ents-The sowing treatments selected for the current #ro$ect


his (owing reat%ent R - This displays a selection bo" containing the list of all

sowing treatment numbers. The current sowing treatment number whose value is to beupdated is visible here.

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the Current sowing treatment. n case of any incomplete information, a message is

displayed to inform the user.

The user has three options for providing the sowing date; (ame date as start of

simulation, fi"ed date after start of simulation and sowing date to be calculated by thenfoCrop based on soil moisture in layer +.

8or the first option the sowing date is taken same as the date specified for start of

simulation. n the second option, the user can specify any sowing date after start of

simulation. n the third option sowing date is calculated !ased on soil moisture in la$er

3of soilQ for this the user has to provide a fractional value for threshold le+el of water

content in la$er 3 when sowing should !e done. nfoCrop sows the crop automatically

on the day the soil moisture fraction in the soil layer + reaches the specified threshold.

(owing depth should be provided between the range given here. *alues outside this

range are not allowed.

Seed ratein kg/ha is also required as input.

n case of &ice, the user also needs to specify the Sowing Methodwhich could either be

(ransplantedorDirect Seeded. The user also needs to specify whetherpuddlingof soil

is done or not. n case of transplanted rice further information required is "ge of

seedling at transplanting da$,Num!er of plants per hill)between +-+B andNum!er of

hills planted per meter s4uare)between +-+BB.

n case of #otato, Sprout length needs to be specified in mm.

%fter providing the required information, the user can use the pdate #ro$ect link for

inclusion of the sowing treatment in the current #ro$ect. % confirmation message is

displayed on successful inclusion of sowing treatment in the #ro$ect and the treatment

number displayed in the (his sowing treatment /selection bo" is incremented by + in

case current treatment number is less then the total sowing treatments. n case the user

has already updated the current sowing treatment, a confirmation message is displayed

for overwriting the earlier input provided. #lease note that clicking the pdate button is

necessary for the model to register your selection.

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Irrigation window

otal Irrigation reat%ents-The total irrigation treatments specified in the treatments

window are displayed here.(elected Irrigation reat%ents-The irrigation treatments selected for the current

#ro$ect using the &pdate Projectlink of this window are displayed here.

his Irrigation reat%ent R - This displays a selection bo" containing the list of all

irrigation treatment numbers. The current irrigation treatment number whose value is to

be updated is visible here.


the Current irrigation treatment. n case of any incomplete information, a message is

displayed to inform the user.

The user has the option to simulate an irrigated crop or to simulate an unirrigated crop.

n case of an unirrigated crop no further information is required

n case of an irrigated crop, the user has the option of simulating irrigation by any of

following three methods

Check Jasin,

(prinkler

(ub-surface

f the user selects check basin or sprinkler method of irrigation, any of following

options can be adopted

+. Varia)le da+s and a%ount S ser can provide variable days after start of

simulation and corresponding amount of irrigation in mm. #lease note that the datarequired should be in terms of days after start of simulation and not days after

sowing.

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A. !ixed a%ount at s#ecified da+s after start of si%ulation- ser could fi" the

amount of irrigation to be applied automatically at specified days after start of

simulation. #lease note that the data required should be in terms of days after start

of simulation and not days after sowing.

@. !ixed a%ount at s#ecified ti%e interal after start of si%ulation- ser can fi"the amount of irrigation as well as interval of irrigation after start of simulation. The

model ensures automatic application of the specified amount at the desired

intervals.

5. *uto%atic irrigation after sowingSser has to provide a minimum irrigation

volume to be added at a given time and this irrigation volume will be automatically

supplied to crop whenever the actual 7T is less than the BH of #otential 7T and

the soil water in the root zone is below the field capacity. This amount of water is

given as a surface irrigation only.

?. Water stress not considered- 3ater stress is switched off by the nfoCrop by

preventing the effects of water stress on crop growth and development. The &esults

section of this scenario may however still show the values of soil and plant waterbalance. These are then not correct and must be ignored.

U#date- ser can use the pdate link for updating the information provided. #lease

note that clicking the pdate button is necessary for the model to register your

selection.

Re%oe Last5The user can use this link for removing the last value entered as visible

in the list

f the user selects subsurface methods of irrigation, following four options are

available;

+. (urface Irrigation; %mount of irrigation specified will be added to the surface

layer

A. (oil La+er 8; %mount of irrigation specified will be added uniformly to soil layer

+.

@. (oil La+er 3; %mount of irrigation specified will be added uniformly to soil layer

A.

5. (oil La+er =&%mount of irrigation specified will be added uniformly to soil layer

@.

t is assumed that the user understands the comple"ities and costs involved in sub-surface irrigation. Eow this will be done is entirely left to the imagination of the user.

=rip irrigation method, to some e"tent, can be simulated by the sub-surface application

of irrigation water.

n all these options user has to provide the dates of irrigation after start of simulation

and the amount of irrigation to be applied in specific soil layers. #lease note that the

data required should be in terms of days after start of simulation and not days after

sowing.

%fter providing the days after start of simulation and amount of irrigation the user can

use the pdate link for updating the information provided

%fter making the desired selections, the user can use the pdate #ro$ect link for

inclusion of this irrigation treatment in the current #ro$ect. % confirmation message is

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displayed on successful inclusion of irrigation treatment in the #ro$ect and the

treatment number displayed in the (his irrigation treatment / selection bo" is

incremented by + in case current treatment number is less then the total irrigation

treatments. n case the user has already updated the current irrigation treatment, a


Nitrogen window

otal Nitrogen reat%ents-The total nitrogen treatments specified in the treatments


(elected Nitrogen reat%ents-The nitrogen treatments selected for the current #ro$ect


his Nitrogen reat%ent R - This displays a selection bo" containing the list of all

nitrogen treatment numbers. The current nitrogen treatment number whose value is to

be updated is visible here.


the Current nitrogen treatment. n case of any incomplete information, a message is



The user has the option to simulate an unfertilized crop or to simulate a fertilised crop.

n case of an unfetrtilised crop no further information is required

n case of a fertilized crop, the user has the option of simulating nitrogen addition inseveral ways;

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+. Varia)le da+s de#th t+#e and a%ount S ser can provide variable days of

nitrogen fertilizer application after start of simulation and corresponding amount of

fertilizer in kg/ha. The fertilizer could be as urea, ammonium sulphate or as nitrate.

nfoCrop allows fertilizer placement at any depth in the soil profile. t assumes that

the user understands the comple"ities and costs involved in deep placement. Eowthe deep placement of the fertilizer is to be done is entirely left to the imagination

of the user. #lease note that the data entered should be in terms of days after start of

simulation and not days after sowing.

A. !ixed a%ount at s#ecified da+s after start of si%ulation- ser can fi" the

amount of nitrogen fertilizer )as nitrate, ammonium in case of rice to be applied

automatically at specified days after start of simulation. #lease note that the data

required should be in terms of days after start of simulation and not days after

sowing.

@. !ixed a%ount at s#ecified ti%e interal after start of si%ulation- ser could fi"the amount of nitrogen fertilizer )as nitrate, ammonium in case of rice as well as

interval of fertilizer application after start of simulation. The model ensures the

automatic application of the specified amount at the desired intervals.

5. *uto%atic fertilisationSn this option, a minimum AB kg 6/ha is automatically

added to surface soil whenever the actual 6 content of the crop is less than the BH

of potential 6 content, provided the crop is still capable of nutrient uptake )in most

crops, uptake of nitrogen ceases much before physiological maturity. AB kg6/ha is

assumed as the minimum possible application. The actual amount of fertilizer added

is the difference between potential and actual 6 content of the crop with a minimum

of AB kg 6/ha.

?. Nitrogen stress not considered- 6itrogen stress is switched off by the nfoCrop by

preventing the effects of nitrogen stress on crop growth and development. The

&esults section of this scenario may however still show some values of soil and

plant nitrogen balance. These are then not correct and must be ignored.

Re%oe Last5The user can use this link for removing the last day and amount value

provided as visible in the list. %fter making the desired selections, the user can use the

pdate #ro$ect link for inclusion of this nitrogen treatment in the current #ro$ect. %

confirmation message is displayed on successful inclusion of nitrogen treatment in the#ro$ect and the treatment number displayed in the (his nitrogen treatment / selection

bo" is incremented by + in case current treatment number is less then the total nitrogen

treatments. n case the user has already updated the current nitrogen treatment, a


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1rganic Matterwindow

otal 1rganic Matter reat%ents-The total organic matter treatments specified in the

treatments window are displayed here.

(elected 1rganic Matter reat%ents-The organic matter treatments selected for the

current #ro$ect using the &pdate Projectlink of this window are displayed here.

his 1rganic Matter reat%ent R- This displays a selection bo" containing the list of

all organic matter treatment numbers. The current organic matter treatment number

whose value is to be updated is visible here.


the Current organic matter treatment. n case of any incomplete information, a message

is displayed to inform the user.

1rganic %atter- The user can select an organic matter from this organic matter

selection bo". This has a list of all the organic matters available through the Masters. n

case a new organic matter not available in the window is to be simulated, that should be

first entered through theMasters.

Weight of roots of last cro#- The user can provide here weight of roots of last crop.

This is also a source of carbon and nitrogen to the crop.

$a+s after start of si%ulation- ser has to provide the time of applying organic

matter in terms of days after start of simulation.

*%ount in dr+ weight- ser has to provide amount of organic matter as dry weight inkg/ha.

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&pdate 5 The user can use the &pdatelink for inclusion of day and amount provided.

#lease note that clicking the pdate button is necessary for the model to register your

selection.

The updated values are listed in a grid provided at the bottom. The parameters, theirvalues and their decomposition rates are displayed on selection of the organic matter.

The parameters displayed are C;6 ratio, Cellulose D hemi-cellulose, 1ignin fraction

and carbohydrate fraction. These parameters, their values and decomposition rate are as

in -rganic Matter Master. n case the user wishes to change these, he can do so

through the -rganic Matter Master.

emo+e %ast5The user can use this link for removing the last entry of the day and

amount value as visible in the list.

Include Selection in Current (reatment - %fter selecting an organic matter, and

providing day and amount, the user can include this organic matter in the currenttreatment using this link. nless this is done, the selection is not retained.

The organic matter thus included appears in the list present. Total organic matters

selected for current treatment are also displayed here. The user can include a ma"imum

of three organic matters in a single treatment.

emo+e %ast8or removing an organic matter from the current treatment, the user can

use the &emove 1ast link.

%fter providing the required information, the user can use the pdate #ro$ect link for

inclusion of this organic matter treatment in the current #ro$ect. % confirmation

message is displayed on successful inclusion of organic matter treatment in the #ro$ect

and the treatment number displayed in the (his organic matter treatment /selection bo"

is incremented by + in case current treatment number is less then the total pest

treatments. n case the user has already updated the current organic matter treatment, a


Cli%ate Change window

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