Inflammatory Bowel

8/6/2019 Inflammatory Bowel

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Inflammatory bowelInflammatory bowel

DiseaseDisease

Marta Ramos

Guillermo VillalongaNMT 1713


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Objectives

What Is Inflammatory Bowel Disease?

Ulcerative colitis

Crohn's disease What Causes It?

What Are the Signs and Symptoms?

How Is It Diagnosed? How Is It Treated?


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What Is

Inflammatory Bowel

Disease? Inflammatory bowel

disease refers to twochronic diseases thatcause inflammation of

the intestines:Ulcerative colitisand Crohn'sdisease. Althoughthe diseases havesome features in

common, there aresome importantdifferences.

Inflammation bowel disease isnot the same thing as irritablebowel syndrome, orIBS.


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Ulcerative colitis

Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory disease of thelarge intestine, also called the colon:

In ulcerative colitis, the inner lining - or mucosa - ofthe intestine becomes inflamed (meaning the lining of

the intestinal wall reddens and swells) and developsulcers (an ulcer is a sore, which means it's an open,painful wound).

Ulcerative colitis is often the most severe in the rectalarea, which can cause frequent diarrhea. Mucus andblood often appear in the stool if the lining of thecolon is damaged.


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Ulcerative collitis


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Crohn's Disease

Crohn's disease differs from ulcerative colitis in theareas of the bowel it involves - it most commonly affectsthe last part of the small intestine (called the terminalileum) and parts of the large intestine.

However, Crohn's disease isn't limited to these areasand can attack any part of the digestive tract.

Crohn's disease causes inflammation that extends muchdeeper into the layers of the intestinal wall thanulcerative colitis does.

Crohn's disease generally tends to involve the entirebowel wall, whereas ulcerative colitis affects only thelining of the bowel.


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Crohn's Disease


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Crohns desease


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What Causes It?

Medical research hasn'tdetermined yet whatcauses inflammatory

bowel disease. Butresearchers believe thata number of factors maybe involved, such as the

environment, diet, andpossibly genetics.


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What Are the Signs and

Symptoms? The most common symptoms ofboth ulcerative

colitis and Crohn's disease are diarrhea and

abdominal pain. Diarrhea can range from mild to severe (as manyas 20 or more trips to the bathroom a day).

If the diarrhea is extreme, it can lead todehydration, rapid heartbeat, and a drop in bloodpressure.

And continued loss of small amounts ofblood inthe stool can lead to anemia.


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How Is It Diagnosed?

Inflammatory boweldisease can be hard todiagnose because theremay be no symptoms,even if the person'sbowel has becomeincreasingly damagedfor years.

Once symptoms doappear, they often

resemble those of otherconditions, which maymake it difficult fordoctors to diagnose.


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How Is It Treated?

Drug treatment is the main method for relieving thesymptoms ofboth ulcerative colitis and Crohn'sdisease. Great progress is being made in the

development of medications for treatinginflammatory bowel disease. Your doctor mayprescribe:

anti-inflammatory drugs (used to decrease theinflammation caused by the disease)

immunosuppressive agents (which work torestrain the immune system from attacking thebody's own tissues and causing furtherinflammation)


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How Is It Treated?

With Crohn's disease, doctors make every attempt toavoid surgery because of the recurring nature of thedisease.

There's also a concern that an aggressive surgical

approach to Crohn's disease will cause furthercomplications, such as short bowel syndrome (whichinvolves growth failure and a reduced ability to absorbnutrients).

In the case of ulcerative colitis, removal of the colon maybe necessary, along with a surgical procedure called anileoanal anastomosis (also called an ileoanal pull-through) in which doctors form a pouch from the smallbowel to collect stool in the pelvis.

This allows the stool to pass through the anus.

Inflammatory Bowel

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