Infantile Cataract
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Infantile Cataract. Mohammad Ghoreishi , MD Isfahan University of medical sciences [email protected]. Infantile cataract. Congenital Present at birth Hereditary Non-hereditary Developmental Progression or development over time Acquired Unilateral or bilateral. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Infantile Cataract
Infantile Cataract
Infantile CataractMohammad Ghoreishi, MDIsfahan University of medical [email protected]
Infantile cataract CongenitalPresent at birthHereditaryNon-hereditaryDevelopmentalProgression or development over timeAcquired Unilateral or bilateral
Etiologies, bilateral
Sporadic, not associated with any systemic or ocular diseasesHereditary and familial Intrauterine infections, especially TORCH Metabolic disordersGenetically transmitted syndromes
Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS)
Etiologies, unilateralUsually isolated sporadic incidents Associated with ocular abnormalities Posterior lenticonusPersistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV)Anterior segment dysgenesisPosterior pole tumorsTraumaIntrauterine infection, particularly rubella.
PHPV
In our experience the following etiologies are frequently overlooked, they need high index of suspicion:GalactosemiaHypocalcemiaDiabetesTORCH
Early galactosemic cataract
Leukocoria (white pupil)Differential diagnosis:Retinoblastomacongenital cataract PHPV (persistent hyperplasia of primary vitreous)Retina detachment (trauma/ retinopathy of prematurity)Toxocariasis (nematode infection) from exposure to puppiesUveitis, infections, other conditionsIt is recomended to check red reflex of all neonates & children
www.occhioallaretina.it/Immagini/leucocoria.JPG
Location of the opacityAnterior polarAnterior subcapsularCorticalSuturalLamellar (zonular)
Location of the opacityNuclearPosterior subcapsularPosterior polarPosterior lenticonusTotal
Cause of visual lossLens opacityCataracts in the center of the visual axis that are greater than 3 mm in diameter are generally considered visually significantRefractive error and anisometropia
ProgressionStatic cataractAnterior polarNuclearProgressive cataractsPosterior lenticonusPersistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, lamellar, sutural, and anterior or posterior subcapsular. They usually have a better prognosis because they only usually begin to obstruct the vision after the critical period of visual development has passed.
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