Infantile cataract Congenital – Present at birth – Hereditary – Non-hereditary Developmental...
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Transcript of Infantile cataract Congenital – Present at birth – Hereditary – Non-hereditary Developmental...
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- Infantile cataract Congenital Present at birth Hereditary Non-hereditary Developmental Progression or development over time Acquired Unilateral or bilateral
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- Etiologies, bilateral Sporadic, not associated with any systemic or ocular diseases Hereditary and familial Intrauterine infections, especially TORCH Metabolic disorders Genetically transmitted syndromes Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS)
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- Etiologies, unilateral Usually isolated sporadic incidents Associated with ocular abnormalities Posterior lenticonus Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV) Anterior segment dysgenesis Posterior pole tumors Trauma Intrauterine infection, particularly rubella. PHPV
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- In our experience the following etiologies are frequently overlooked, they need high index of suspicion: Galactosemia Hypocalcemia Diabetes TORCH Early galactosemic cataract
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- Leukocoria (white pupil) Differential diagnosis: Retinoblastoma congenital cataract PHPV (persistent hyperplasia of primary vitreous) Retina detachment (trauma/ retinopathy of prematurity) Toxocariasis (nematode infection) from exposure to puppies Uveitis, infections, other conditions It is recomended to check red reflex of all neonates & children www.occhioallaretina.it/Immagini/leucocoria.JPG
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- Location of the opacity Anterior polar Anterior subcapsular Cortical Sutural Lamellar (zonular)
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- Location of the opacity Nuclear Posterior subcapsular Posterior polar Posterior lenticonus Total
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- Cause of visual loss Lens opacity Cataracts in the center of the visual axis that are greater than 3 mm in diameter are generally considered visually significant Refractive error and anisometropia
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- Progression Static cataract Anterior polar Nuclear Progressive cataracts Posterior lenticonus Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, lamellar, sutural, and anterior or posterior subcapsular. They usually have a better prognosis because they only usually begin to obstruct the vision after the critical period of visual development has passed.
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- LECTUER 03114476010 392