INF4420 Sample and Hold - Universitetet i oslo · Sample and hold Typically used to hold the input...

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INF4420 Sample and Hold Dag T. Wisland Spring 2014

Transcript of INF4420 Sample and Hold - Universitetet i oslo · Sample and hold Typically used to hold the input...

Page 1: INF4420 Sample and Hold - Universitetet i oslo · Sample and hold Typically used to hold the input constant while converting from analog to digital. Limits performance, imperfections

INF4420

Sample and Hold

Dag T. WislandSpring 2014

Page 2: INF4420 Sample and Hold - Universitetet i oslo · Sample and hold Typically used to hold the input constant while converting from analog to digital. Limits performance, imperfections

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Outline

• Sample and hold basics• Non‐ideal behavior• Sample and hold circuits

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Introduction

• Take a “snapshot” of the input signal at an instant (sampling)

• Need “memory” to keep the signal value

• We know how to store digital values (latches and flip‐flops)

• Capacitor as a memory element

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Introduction

• Signal, x(t), sampled at discrete time points, nT.Spring 2014 Sample and hold 4

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Introduction

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Basic circuit

• Sample and hold vs. track and hold

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Sample and hold

Typically used to hold the input constant while converting from analog to digital.

Limits performance, imperfections add directly to the input signal.

In a later lecture we will see how sampling affects the signal.

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Non‐ideal behaviour

• Hold step (signal dependence)• Coupling from output to sampled signal• Finite speed• Droop• Aperture jitter• Noise …

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Finite speed

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Finite speed

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Settling time

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Charge injection

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• Switch transistor has channel charge when “on”

• Charge flows out of the channel when the transistor turns off

• Assume half the charge to source and half to drain. (Depends …)

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Charge injection

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Clock feedthrough

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Jitter

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Closed loop S/H

Generic solution to mitigate non‐ideal properties

Gain + Negative feedback

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A better (?) S/H

• Switch configures circuit in two states. Analyze separately

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A better (?) S/H

• Eliminates non‐linearity of output buffer +• High input impedance +• Open loop opamp when switch is open –• Stability –• Can add switches to make sure the opamp is closed loop when holding

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A better S/H

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• No signal dependent charge injection +• No signal dependent clock jitter +• Stability (worse than before) –

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Inverting T/H

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Lowpass in track mode and signal independent charge

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Non‐inverting with cancelation

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Miller hold capacitance

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Switched capacitor (SC) S/H

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Recycling S/H

Adds buffering

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SC S/H with lowpass filtering

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Bottom plate sampling

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High speed bipolar T/H

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Fully differential sample and hold

• “Real” S/Hs are fully differential• We can modify many of the S/H discussed today to become fully differential

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