Industrial Revolution-A Whole New Way to Compete

2008

I. Enclosure Movement- AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTIONA. Pre 1600s Common land

B. Post 1600s individual plots

C. Why? efficient

D. For who? Wealthy landowners

E. Positives: new ideas testeda. Crop rotation

b. New tools-seed drill (Jethro Tull)

F. Negatives-small farmers forced out

What Global 9 economic system is this moving away from?

G. Impact of Enclosure Movement (Agricultural Revolution)

1. Improved tools= 2. increased production=3. increased population =4. larger labor force

Uh, Mrs. Martin, when exactly was the FIRST agricultural revolution?

Rewind to Global 9!

II. Industrialization Starts in Britain

A. Why? factors of production

B. Natural resources-land, coal, iron ore, rivers, harbors

C. Capital-tools, machines, equipment, $

D. Labor- small farmers cities

Break it down first. Audience, source, time.

What are 2 ways the production of cloth has changed between the two pictures?

A major reason the Industrial Revolution began in England was that England possessed

a) A smooth coastlineb) Abundant coal and iron resourcesc) Many waterfallsd) Numerous mountain ranges

What is one change you seen in Great Britain between 1801 and 1851?`

QOD 11/2

A major reason the Industrial Revolution began in England was that England possessed

a) A smooth coastlineb) Abundant coal and iron resourcesc) Many waterfallsd) Numerous mountain ranges

IV. Signs of IndustrialismA. Factories developB. Coal and steam power developC. URBANIZATION= Migration to the citiesWhat else can urbanization do? What will

happen to traditional cultures?D. Social class divisions increase*E. Machines replace workers

*Why would industrialism increase social divisions?

What are 2 ways steam engines improved the economy of Great Britain?

V. Factory SystemA. No skill requiredB. Low skill workers = new working classC. Cottage workers lose work – send children to

factoriesD. Many workers = lower wagesE. Increased workers=crowded citiesF. Crowded cities= increased pollution and disease

Are these positives or negatives? How significant are these problems?

After examining this document, does this testimony describe the positive or negative effects of the Industrial Revolution?

Describe two effects of industrialization on children working in the factory .

Sadler: What is your age?Cooper: I am twenty-eight.Sadler: When did you first begin to work in mills?Cooper: When I was ten years of age.Sadler: What were your usual hours of working?Cooper: We began at five in the morning and stopped at nine in the night.Sadler: What time did you have meals?Cooper: We had just one period of forty minutes in the sixteen-hour day and that was at noon.Sadler: What means were taken to keep you awake and attentive?Cooper: At times we were frequently strapped.Sadler: When your hours were so long, did you have any time to attend a day of school?Cooper: We had no time to go to day school.Sadler: Can you read or write?Cooper: I can read, but I cannot write.

The following is an excerpt from William Cooper’s testimony before the Sadler Committee in 1832

VI. Factory LifeA. Lots of rulesB. Break rule – pay fineC. No safetyD. No worker’s compensationE. Long hours (14 hour day/ 6 days)F. No child labor lawsG. Homes are tenements- nasty apartmentsH . Leads to labor reforms and labor unionsI. Social Darwinism

VII. Impact on WomenA. Most domestics (maids, cooks, or

nannies)B. Middle-class don’t work (why not?)C. Seek role outside homeD. Seek independence/education(Seriously, they wanted to go to school when they didn’t have to?

Those dames are whack!)

How did steam improve growth of factory system?

Vulcan …… His skill exerted …And with new arms the victor God supply’d.What skill the sooty artist has reveal’d…………Red metal flames, the roaring bellows blow;Resounding deep at once the blast expires,And twenty forges catch at once the fires:Now like a tempest loud, now gentle, …In hissing flames …Th’ eternal anvils deeply fix’d behold!…………Taught by the God, the mimic tribe belowFor meaner use their sweaty toil bestow;…………Nor for convenience only are essay’dThe several labours of the swarthy trade;…………Did the god-founder of this art design,And prove the craft a faculty divine.1

IX. Wage System

A. Low production costs = higher wages

B. Low # of workers = higher wages

C. High # of workers = lower wages

D. Men make more than women

X. Capitalism

A. Primary goal= make $$$

B. Businesses expand by reinvest profits in company

C. Laissez-faire (hands off) and Adam Smith

1. Wealth of Nations (1776)

Pass around book How The Other Half Lives

What potential problems do we see in the next few photos?

LUDDITES- Repairing?

Mexico

•World’s largest Spanish-speaking country•Rapid industrialization•Emerging middle class•Increasing urbanization

•Describe the neighborhood where the family lives

•Does it appear to be in the center of Guadalajara or away from the center?

•What evidence do you see to support your answer?

Considering what you have learned about this family’s neighborhood, what benefits do you think this courtyard provides them?

•What forms of in-home entertainment does the family enjoy?

•What objects do you see in photographs to support your answer?

•What do you think their favorite type of entertainment is?

•What are these? •What do they tell you about

conditions in this neighborhood?

The title of this chapter in the Material World book is “Vaulting Into the Middle Class.”

•Why do you think the author chose this title?•What evidence do you see in the photograph

to suggest that this family is “vaulting into the middle class?”

Let’s go to Mexico and explore the impact of modern industrialization…be comparing the images of Mexico to those of industrial Europe and the United States.

Material World PPT See Cuba

What reforms are the workers demanding of the employers?

XI. SocialismCommunismA. Response to problems of IR

B. Karl Marx and Frederich Engels

1. Anti-capitalism

2. Workers exploited (by who?)

3. “Workers of the world unite!”

4. Proletariat= workers

5. Workers should own factories

6. Overthrow inevitable

7. Revolution begins in industrialize Western Europe

8. Communist Manifesto

9. Class struggle

XI. Socialism (cont.)

C. Utopian societies

1. Robert Owen

2. Creates self-sufficient communities

3. Like the movie “The Village”

Can you create a chart or something to make this quote clearer? Try to come up with something with a partner.

The worker becomes all the poorer the more wealth he produces, the more his production increases in power and range. The worker becomes an ever cheaper commodity [item for sale] the more commodities he creates. With the increasing value of the world of things proceeds in direct proportion to the devaluation of the world of men. Labour produces not only commodities; it produces itself and the worker as a commodity—and does so in the proportion in which it produces commodities generally.

This is an excerpt from Karl Marx entitled Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts (1844).

XII. The World TurnsA. Better conditions

1. Sanitation improves2. Suburbs develop3. Better food storage4. Public education5. Smallpox vaccine

B. Art and Leisure1. Romanticism- life as it should be2. Photography develops3. Baseball and bicycling and parks4. Realism- life as it is5. Impressionists

Before the wage system, people did not have time for all the stuff in art and leisure. Why not? How has the wage system changed things?