Industrial Gases
description
Transcript of Industrial Gases
![Page 1: Industrial Gases](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062410/56815b65550346895dc955bd/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Industrial Gases By: Andrew Kubitschek, Andy Johnson VI, Ethan
Richter
![Page 2: Industrial Gases](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062410/56815b65550346895dc955bd/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Industrial Gases
• Industry • Commonly Used Basic Gases• Formulation • Environmental factors• Common Uses
![Page 3: Industrial Gases](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062410/56815b65550346895dc955bd/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Gas Industry • Industries net worth $17 billion• 15 companies in Wisconsin• Employs about 60,000 American workers • Supplies products to industries that account for 42% of
America’s Gross Domestic Product
Source: http://www.americanchemistry.com/ProductsTechnology/Industrial-Gases/Industrial-Gases-Essential-Suppliers-to-the-US-Economy.pdf
![Page 4: Industrial Gases](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062410/56815b65550346895dc955bd/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
How industrial gases are used
• Benefits patients in hospitals and at home• Helps clean the air• Creates cleaner transportation fuels • Helps purify water supplies • Enhances domestic energy production and efficiency • Powers space exploration • Ensures the safe transport and preservation of food • Enables advanced electronics
![Page 5: Industrial Gases](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062410/56815b65550346895dc955bd/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Commonly used basic gases
• Hydrogen• Oxygen• Nitrogen• Carbon Monoxide• Carbon Dioxide
Source:http://www.lindeus.com/internet.lg.lg.usa/en/images/Industrial%20gases%20in%20Chemistry138_7188.pdf
![Page 6: Industrial Gases](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062410/56815b65550346895dc955bd/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Oxygen and Hydrogen synthesis
http://scientificsentence.net/Chemistry/index.php?key=yes&Integer=_electrolyse
![Page 7: Industrial Gases](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062410/56815b65550346895dc955bd/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Nitrogen Synthesis
• Air being around 78% nitrogen is a great place to get it.• Air is then compressed and cooled, then transported to an
insulated area• The Nitrogen having a lower boiling point then the liquid
oxygen is then distilled out. Then compressed again without the oxygen.
http://www.ccmr.cornell.edu/education/ask/?quid=207
![Page 8: Industrial Gases](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062410/56815b65550346895dc955bd/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Carbon Monoxide Synthesis
• Producer gas: CO2 + C → 2 CO (ΔH = −221 kJ/mol)
• Water gas: H2O + C → H2 + CO (ΔH = +131 kJ/mol)• By product of Metal oxides: MO + C → M + CO
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_monoxide#Industrial_production
![Page 9: Industrial Gases](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062410/56815b65550346895dc955bd/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Carbon Dioxide Synthesis
• Side product of the industrial production of ammonia and hydrogen.
• Side product of fuel combustion (not normally recovered)• Product of breathing
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxide
![Page 11: Industrial Gases](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062410/56815b65550346895dc955bd/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Reactions
![Page 12: Industrial Gases](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062410/56815b65550346895dc955bd/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Reactions 2
![Page 13: Industrial Gases](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062410/56815b65550346895dc955bd/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Making Industry Greener
• Uses for oxygen in oil refineries.• A. Increased plant capacity.• B. Higher oxidation temperatures.• C. Reduced load on off-gas treatment systems due to lower
concentration of inert nitrogen.• D. New plants can be built smaller.
![Page 14: Industrial Gases](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062410/56815b65550346895dc955bd/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Making industry Greener cont…
• Hydrogen for oil refineries.• A. steam reforming of methane.• B. Gasification of oil refining residues and recovery from
synthesis gas.• C. Recovery from refinery off-gases.
![Page 15: Industrial Gases](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062410/56815b65550346895dc955bd/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Common Uses
• Nitrogen• Ammonia synthesis (NH3)• Chemicals• Oil and Gas Extraction (AOR)• Electronics• Primary Metals Manufacture
![Page 16: Industrial Gases](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062410/56815b65550346895dc955bd/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Common Uses
• Oxygen• Primary Metals Production• Chemicals and Gasification• Medicine• Oxyacetylene Welding
• C2H2 (g) + 5O2 (g) 4CO2 (g) + 2H2O(g) + ∆
![Page 17: Industrial Gases](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062410/56815b65550346895dc955bd/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Common Uses
• Hydrogen• Ammonia synthesis (Haber process)• Methanol manufacture
• (1) 2CH4 (g)+ ½ O2 (g) CO (g) + CO2 (g) + 7H2 (synthesis gas)
• (2) CO (g) + CO2 (g) + 7H2 2CH3OH (g) + 2H2 (g) +H2O (g)
![Page 18: Industrial Gases](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062410/56815b65550346895dc955bd/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Common Uses
• Carbon Dioxide• Food Industry• Beverage Carbonation• Oil and Gas Recovery• Chemical Manufacture
![Page 19: Industrial Gases](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062410/56815b65550346895dc955bd/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Industrial Gases](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062410/56815b65550346895dc955bd/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
References • : http://www.americanchemistry.com/ProductsTechnology/Industrial-Gases/
Industrial-Gases-Essential-Suppliers-to-the-US-Economy.pdf• www.lindeus.com/internet.lg.lg.usa/en/images/Industrial%20gases%20in%20Che
mistry138_7188.pdf
• http://scientificsentence.net/Chemistry/index.php?key=yes&Integer=_electrolyse
• http://www.ccmr.cornell.edu/education/ask/?quid=207• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_monoxide#Industrial_production• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxide• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O59GtNFJOGo