Industrial Facility - El Paso ElectricM&V Rules of Thumb Adhere with International Performance...

© 2012 CLEAResult │ All rights reserved.© 2012 CLEAResult │ All rights reserved.

Industrial Facility

© 2012 CLEAResult │ All rights reserved.

Objectives

ECM Matrix Power Factor Correction Water & Wastewater Measurement and Verification


ECM MatrixEnergy Conservation Measures

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BUILDING TYPESCity/Gov. Bldg. X X X X X X X X X X

Schools X X X X X X X X X X

Colleges/Universities X X X X X X X X X X

Hospitals X X X X X X X X X

Departments Stores X X X X X X X

Small Retail X X X X X X

Big Box Retail X X X X X X X

Grocery/Supermarkets X X X X X X X X X

Office Buildings X X X X X X X X X X

Hotels X X X X X X X X X

Restaurants X X X X

Fast-Food Restaurants X X X

Theatres X X X X X

Convenience Stores X X X X X X

Parking Garages X


ECM Matrix (cont’d)Energy Conservation Measures

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INDUSTRIALWaste Water Treatment X X X X X X

Warehouses X X X X

Dairy Industry X X X X X

Refrigerated Warehouses X X X X X X

Metal Fab. X X X X X X X X X

Pottery X X X X X X X X X X

Distribution Center X X X X X

Food Distribution Center X X X X X X

Food Mfg X X X X X X X X

Plastic Injection Mfg X X X X X X X X X X X

Blow Mold Mfg X X X X X X X X X X

Bottling Mfg X X X X X X X X X X X

Foundry X X X X X X X X X

Printing X X X X

Corragated Pkging X X X X

Cable Mfg X X X X X X X

Chemical Processing X X X X X X X X

Powder Coating X X X X X X

Funiture Fab. X X X X


Power Factor Correction


Draft Beer: $11 per Glass at theNEW Cowboys Stadium


Objectives

What is Power Factor? How to correct Power

Factor? How does Power

Factor effect billing? Issues with correcting

Power Factor? Myths of Power Factor

Correction


What is Power Factor?

kW – Real Power (work, HP)

kVAR – Reactive Power (non-working power

kVA – Apparent Power (what the utility supplies)

kW

kVAr

kVA

kW

kVAr

kVA

kVAkWPF =


How to Correct Power Factor

Add a “Capacitive” load offset the “Inductive” load. You can add capacitors at the motor load or connect to the main switch gear.


How Does Power Factor Effect Billing

ADJ = Increase to applicable Demand Charge,kW = Monthly Billing Demand,PF = Monthly measured Power Factor, andDC = Demand Charge

The billing demand will be the highest of:

DCkWPF

kWADJ ×

−

×=

95.

Large Power Service Rate Customersa) the maximum measured demand (adjusted

for primary voltage if applicable), orb) 65% of the highest measured demand

established during the twelve (12) month period ending with the current month, or

c) 800 kilowatts

General Service Rate Customersa) Applies to customers with peak < 799 kWb) the maximum measured demand (adjusted

for primary voltage if applicable), orc) 65 percent of the highest measured demand

established during the twelve (12) month period ending with the current month, or


Issues with Power Factor Correction

Harmonic Distortion Harmonics are

generated by non-linear load on your electrical distribution.

VFD or VSD are common culprits.

Arc welders, DC rectifiers and soft start motors (on start up only) are also contributors.

Secondary Bus Voltage Waveform during Utility Capacitor Switching


Myth of Power Factor Correction

Power Factor will reduce your energy demand. FACT: Adding kVAr will decrease the amperage

used by the facility, BUT increase the voltage. More kVAr is better. FACT: Over-correcting power factor can damage

voltage sensitive EQ in the facility. The supply voltage will increase by 10% or more.

Recommended: Reduce energy demand first through energy efficiency, before correcting power factor


Water & Waste Water Treatment


Why WWTP are Important

Grade “D-” assigned by ASCE

1.5% of total US electrical usage

10 – 20M kWh/yr total usage

Aeration: 40-70% of plant electrical use

Typical electrical savings: 2M kWh/yr

2

Aeration System


Aeration Options

3

Surface

Sub-Surface

√


WWTP Energy Savings

VFD for Aerations Blowers Using UV

Disinfection versus chemical Biogas capturing

and power generation


Injection Molding

Insulating the barrel heater can reduce the amount energy it takes to melt the plastic pellets prior to injecting the plastic into the mold.

VFD controls on cooling tower and chill water pumps

Limit switch controls on grinders and granulators


Measurement & Verification


Objectives

Purpose of M&V Two Basic Methods of M&V Whole Facility Retrofit Isolation

General M&V Rules of Thumbs


Purpose of M&V

Increase Energy Savings

Document financial transactions

Support evaluation of efficiency programs

Educate facility users about there energy impacts


Two Basics Methods

Retrofit Isolation Method: Measures the effect of the retrofit, only

Savings are unaffected by changes beyond the measurement boundary

Usually needs a new meter (data loggers) Adjustments can be simple

Whole Facility Method: Measures all effects in the facility

Retrofits AND other changes (intended and unintended) Often uses the utility meter Adjustments can be complex


Retrofit Isolation

Option A - Key Parameter Measurement

Measure only the keyparameters

Make estimates or assumptions that will significantly affect reported savings

Option B - All Parameter Measurement

Measure independent variables that affect energy savings

Decide the metering system Decide on a baseline period

Chiller

Cooling Loads

CoolingTower

Boundary of Measurement


Whole Facility

Option C – Whole Facility Need both baseline and reporting period data Assess performance of the whole facility, retrofitted and

non-retrofitted systems or areas Significant energy savings (10% or more of consumption

measured by utility meter)

Option D – Calibrated Simulations When there is no meter (of facility) in the baseline Baseline data can be ‘manufactured’ under controlled

circumstances. Most expensive method and complicated


M&V Rules of Thumb

Adhere with International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol (IPMVP)

Define an M&V Plan M&V reports of Savings should be presented as

defined in the M&V Plan The cost to M&V should be less than 10% of the

annual savings Weigh the cost benefits of M&V accuracy vs.

M&V cost


QUESTIONS?

Presentations Available at www.elpasoelectric.comwww.epesaver.com

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Industrial Facility - El Paso ElectricM&V Rules of Thumb Adhere with International Performance...

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