Industrial attachment of northern fashion

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INDUSTRIAL TRAININGCourse Code: Tex -4036

INDUSTRIAL ATTACHMENTNorthern Fashion Limited

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INTRODUCTION

By achieving practical knowledge it is possible to apply the theoreticalknowledge in the technical field. For any technical education, practicalexperience is almost equally necessary in association with the theoreticalknowledge. The industrial attachment is the most effective process of achievingthe practical experience. It provides us sufficient practical knowledge aboutproduction management, productivity, evaluation, work study, efficiency,industrial management, production planning & control, production cost analysis,inventory control, purchasing, utilities and Maintenance of machinery and theiroperation technique etc.

Industrial attachment is an essential part of four years B.Sc. in Textiletechnology course of College Of Textile Technology under University of Dhaka.We had the opportunity to perform the industrial attachment with NORTHERNFASHION LTD. During 42 days long attachment, we studied the man, machine,material aspects of the circular knitting section, quality control section, planningsection, grey fabric inspection, finished fabric inspection, dyeing & finishingsection, merchandising section of the mill. We also had a short visit in thegarments section of the factory. We also took a study tour in Padmaknitting,Viellatex & Opex Group with my supervising officer of the mill.According to our studies there we have prepared the following report and wouldlike to present.

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TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER CONTENTS PAGENO

CHAPTER-I PROJECT DESCRIPTION 1-4CHAPTER-II MANPOWER MANAGEMENT 5-10CHAPTER-III MACHINE DESCRIPTION 11-20CHAPTER-IV RAW MATERIALS 21-22CHAPTER-V PRODUCTION PLANNING,

SEQUENCES & OPERATIONS23-27

CHAPTER-VI QUALITY ASSURANCESYSTEM

28-31

CHAPTER-VII MAINTENANCE 32-39CHAPTER-VIII UTILITY SERVICES 40-43CHAPTER-IX STORE & INVENTORY

CONTROL44-45

CHAPTER-X COST ANALYSIS 46-49CHAPTER-XI MARKETTING ACTIVITIES 50-66CHAPTER-XII CONCLUSION 67-68

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CHAPTER I

(PROJECT DESCRIPTION)

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Name:NORTHERN FASHION LTD

Type:Composite knit fabrics and garments (with dyeing & finishing) mill

(100% Export Oriented Composite Industry)Status:

Private limited company

Year of establishment: 2006

Location:EPZ, Kaliakoir Road, Kashimpur,Gazipur,which is about 35 (35Km)minute from Dhaka International Airport.

Satrasta

Address:

a. Corporate office:Plot no: 91(3rd floor)Road: Suhrawardy AvenueBlock: KBaridhara,Dhaka-1212.Bangladesh.

Tel: 988251698825179882607

Fax:880-2-9882610Email: [email protected]

b. FACTORY:Plot # 16-18Dakhin Panishail,EPZ,Kaliakoir road,Kashimpur,Gazipur,(P.O. Box# 1349 BKSP)

NorthernFashion ltd

BKSP

EPZ

SEU

Air port

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Tel#7788383-5, Fax: 8802-7701922

SPONSORSHIP: Eastern Bank Ltd.

PRODUCT MIX:

a) Knitted grey fabrics: Plain single jersey, Auto stripper, Heavy jersey, polo pique,Lacoste, Rib &Interlock double jersey, Drop needle, Automan & 2threaded fleece

100% cotton, 15% viscose+ 85% cotton, 10% viscose+ 90% cotton, 30%

viscose+ 70% cotton

b) Knit garments:

T-shirt, polo shirt, Short / trouser, Knitted pant, Vests

DAILY PRODUCTION CAPACITY:

Knitting: 4 tons

Dyeing: 8 tons

Garments:20000 pc

PROJECT COST:

US$4000,000per year (approx) in 2007

US$11000,000 Projection for 2008.

HISTORY OF PROJECT DEVELOPMENT:

Starting with 6 knitting machines only in 2006 and dyeing capacity was only 6

tons per day. Garments section named NORTHERN FASHION had only two

floors with 6 lines.

DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS:

1. Marketing and Merchandizing

2. Knitting: circular knitting

3. Dyeing & Finishing

4. Lab department

5. Quality Assurance

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6. Garments:

Cutting

Sewing

Finishing

Inspection

Packing

7. Stores

8. Technical Department (Maintenance)

9. Human & Resource and Administration

10. Account and commercial section

11. Batching section

TOTAL AREA OF THE INDUSTRY: 170000 sq. feet & 6stored building.

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CHAPTER- II

(MANPOWER MANAGEMENT)

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ORGANOGRAM MANPOWER: (Sewing section)

Managing Director

Executive Director

General Manager

Deputy General Manager

Asst. General Manager

Merchandising Manager

Sinior Merchandiser

Merchandiser

Production Manager

Sample incharge Cutting incharge Sewing inchargeQuality inchare

Cutting executive Line supervisorOperator Operator

Cutting supervisor Operator

Helper HelperMarker man Helper

Cutterman

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ORGANOGRAM MANPOWER: (Dyeing)

Managing Director

Executive Director

General Manager

Deputy General Manager

Asst. General Manager

Production Manager

Asst. Production manager

Sinior production Officer

production Officer

Supervisor

Operator

Helper

ORGANOGRAM MANPOWER: (Knitting)

Managing Director

Executive Director

Manager (knitting)

Knitting master

Supervisor

Asst. supervisor

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Fitter

Operator

Helper

MANAGEMENT SYSTEM:

GARMENTS SECTION: 8 hours per day.8 AM-5 PM. Overtime: 2hours.Offday: Friday in a week.

RESPONSIBILITIES OF PRODUCTION MANAGER:

RESPONSIBILITIES OF SAMPLE ROOM INCHARGE:To make pattrn from specification sheet.When there is no measurement chart then he make specification chart by

his own idea, then send to buyer,if it is ok then he make pattern.After making sample he check the sample if it is ok , then he order to

make 4 pcs of the sample.

RESPONSIBILITIES OF CUTTING INCHARGE:Check the relaxation of fabric,order wise quantity measure, patterncutting

with signature,befor sewing to communicate the print embroidery.To ensure equal input & output.To check fabric shrinkage, twisting repair.To make the cutting plan according to operation breakdown.To give target and style devide in every table.

RESPONSIBILITIES OF QUALITY INCHARGE:To control the overall quality of the garments.To brief the incharge about tentative problem of quality.To make size set of the garments.To check the measurement of the garments, if required increase or

decrease

KNITTING SECTION: Two mechanical fitters for per shift. One skilledoperator and two unskilled operators for two knitting machine.

SHIFT CHANGE: Shift of eight hours. Shift changes after a week on Saturday.

RESPONSEBILITIES OF PRODUCTION OFFICER: From getting anorder of upper level all responsibilities are on the production officers. They

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work with a troop of operators, helpers, fitters etc. to finish the production indue time. In the meantimeProduction officers bear all hazards, problems. They have to explain to themanager for any type of production hamper. So all production activities and itssuccess depend on the production office.

DYEING SECTION:

SHIFT CHANGE: Shift of twelve hour.Shift changes afte a week on Saturday.

RESPONSEBILITIES OF PRODUCTION OFFICER: From getting anorder of upper level all responsibilities are on the production officers. Theywork with a troop of operators, helpers, fitters etc. to finish the production indue time. In the meantimeProduction officers bear all hazards, problems. They have to explain to themanager for any type of production hamper. So all production activities and itssuccess depend on the production office.

JOB DESCRIPTION:

SENIOR PRODUCTION OFFICER:

In a knitting factory a senior production officer plays a great role inproduction and manpower management. Here we enlist the duties of seniorproduction officers:

1. Follow up knitting production2. regular observation of the knitting floor.3. Prepare knitting orders regularly4. Maintain the quality of the product

PRODUCTION OFFICER:

Production officer is the right hand of senior production officer and he isdirectly related with production, manpower & informs senior productionofficer time to time. Here are his listed duties:

Follow up overall knitting production Decide every machine utilization during production Recruit new labor To inform the authority on the overall knitting production and make it financially

profitable Regular machine Maintenance

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Maintains subcontract orders Help knitting manager and also guide the junior officers of the section

REMARKS:

Production runs with the help of mechanical fitters. For any kind of mechanicalfault of any machine they fix and work under knitting manager. Productionofficer takes account of daily production by running after the two supervisors& workers so on.

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CHAPTER-III

(MACHINE DESCRIPTION)

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MACHINE SPECIFICATION:

NORTHERN FASHION LIMITED (GARMENTS SECTION)

Name Origin Brand Model Mfg noPlain m/c Japan Juki DDL-900SS 2DOZKO4865Plain m/c japan Juki LH3568S 3L3AL00132Flatlock m/c China Juki MF7723 8M4AC11435Flat lock m/c China Pegasus W1500N

SERIESW1562N-02G

Over lock m/c China Juki MO6714D BE6-44HButtonattaching m/c

China Juki N9-47 3874

Piping cuttingm/c

China Idea SM-601 3658

Line: 30No of machine:780Plain m/c: 264Over lock m/c: 234Flat lock M/c: 102Button hole m/c: 60Button attaching m/c: 60Piping cutting m/c: 60

Line Balancing of the sequence of the line MODHUMOTI :

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Plain m/c O/L

Plain m/cO/L

Plain m/c Plain m/c

Plain m/c Plain m/c

Over lock m/c Over lock m/c

Plain m/cFlat lock m/c

Plain m/c Plain m/c

Plain m/c Flat lock m/c

Over lock m/c Placket tuck m/c

Flat lock m/c Over lock m/c

Over lock m/c Flat lock m/c

Flat lock m/c Flat lock m/c

Over lock m/c O/L

P Over lock m/c Plain

Flat lock m/c

NORTHERN FASHION LIMITED (KNITTING SECTION)

2

3

5

8

9

11

27

25

233

21

19

17

15

13

29

28

26

24

22

20

18

16

14

12

10

7

6

4

1 1.Plain m/c = 112. Over lock m/c =103. Flat lock m/c =74. Placket tuck m/c=1

Total m/c = 29Output = T-shirt

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CIRCULAR KNITTING

SL Type Dia Gauge Feeder Attachment Brand Origin1 S/J 30 24 90 Lycra KEUM YONG Korea2 S/J 36 24 108 Lycra KEUM YONG Korea3 S/J 30 24 90 Lycra KEUM YONG Korea4 S/J 30 24 90 Lycra KEUM YONG Korea5 Rib 36 18 72 Lycra KEUM YONG Korea6 Rib 36 18 72 Lycra KEUM YONG Korea7 S/J 30 28 90 Lycra Mayer & Cie Germany8 S/J 30 28 90 Lycra Mayer & Cie Germany9 S/J 30 38 96 Lycra Mayer & Cie Germany10 S/J 30 38 96 Lycra Mayer & Cie Germany11 Interlock 30 22 84 Lycra Fukuhara Japan12 Interlock 34 22 96 Lycra Fukuhama Taiwan11 Interlock 30 22 84 Lycra Fukuhara Japan12 Interlock 34 22 96 Lycra Fukuhama Taiwan

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Office

Layout plan of Ground floor(Knitting Section)

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Lay out plan of 2nd Floor(Knitting section)

Lay out plan of 3rd Floor(Knitting section)

Office1

Office1

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# List of machinery:Single jersey: 8NosRib: 2NosInterlock: 4 Nos

CIRCULAR KNITTING MACHINE

Circular knitting m/cs are widely used through out the knitting industry to producefabric. This m/c can be built in almost any reasonable diameter and the small diameter of upto five, which are used for wear.

Machine for outerwear and under wear may vary from 12 inch to 60 inch in diameteraccording to manufactures requirement. This m/c can be used either as fabric or for makinggarments completely with fancy stitch. Latch needles are commonly employed in all moderncircular m/c because of their simple action and also their ability to process more types ofyarns.

Plain circular m/c uses only one sets of needles, circular rib m/c uses two sets ofneedles i, e, Cylinder needle and Dial needle, the interlock circular knitting m/c also uses twosets of needles by needles are long and short respectively for both dial and cylinder, that iswhy multiple design and thick fabric can be produce with that m/c. That m/c is also calleddouble Jersey m/c.

M/c. Gauge – needle/inch (varies according to diameter)Needle Type – LatchNeedle bed type – Single cylinder, Double cylinder, Cylinder &

Dial, long or short needles for cylinder and dial.Two principle operation exist:

1. English system – Where the cams and yarns strands revolve by needle andfabric take down is stationary.

2 American system – Where the needles and fabric take down revolves bycams and yarn strands are stationary.

IMOPORTANT EQUIPMENT OF CIRCULAR KNITTING M/C

1. START/STOP/INCH BUTTONS:

Complete set of easily accessible start/stop/inch buttons at top in each leg.

2. RATCHET LEVER:

Permit hand movement of the M/C.

3. AUTO STOP MOTION:

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Automatic three stages 24v yarn motion, positive feed tapes & knitting zone. Indicator lampsare on individual stop motions & on the main control panel. While the yarn is broken we canfind the location which is broken as well as to repair, meanwhile the motor can brake and stopoperation at once to keep the security of M/C.

4. FREE STANDING SIDE CREEL:An active reserve package per feed

5.AUTO–COUNTER:

Two-shift revolution with display counter with predetermined stop, to settle freely theweight or yardage of fabric.

6. VARIABLE SPEED DRIVE WITH M/C BRAKE:

Transistor inverter provided for free controlled, the process of “V.s. motor-drive” fromslow operation to normal operation is quite & fast brake to prevent damages in case of needlesor yarn breakage.

7. FABRIC TAKE UP SYSTEM:

With variable speed control by a belt drive set can be adjusted the speed fordifferent course of fabric-constant and uniform fabric tension.

8. SAFETY GUARD SWITCH:

Machine cannot be started with guards open; these guards have reinforcedfibreglass window for easy fabric inspection.

9. AUTO LUBRICATION:

The automatic central pressurized oil sprayer can be adjusted at cycling timeand quantity to make cylinder, dial, sinker ring’s cam, needles and sinkerslubricated enough, besides it has the function cooling and clearing.

10. AUTO-LINE REMOVAL SYSTEMS:

Three fans on each rotating arm for clearing off any dust of creel and knitting.

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NORTHERN FASHION LTD (DYEING SECTION):

Name Brand Origin Capacity(Kg)

Maxworkingtemp(ºC)

Maxworkingpressure(Bar)

Liquorratio

Type Proddate

Winch Dimenler Turkey 25 135 2.5 1:16 DMS25HTSampleDyeing m/c

2006


2006


2006

Winch Dimenler Turkey 175 135 2.5 1:6 DMS11HTJUMBODyeing m/c

2006

Winch Dimenler Turkey 525(2 Head)

135 2.5 1:6 DMS11HTJUMBODyeing m/c

2006



2006



2006



2006

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List of Machinery:

No of Sample Dyeing machine: 3No of Dyeing machine: 5Stentering machine: 1Calendering machine: 1Slitting machine: 1

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CHAPTER-IV

RAW MATERIALS

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RAW MATERIALS OF NORTHERN FASHION LTD:

Knitting Section:

Yarn purchased:

Natural: cotton

Synthetic: Polyester, Viscose Yarn

Melange Yarn:

Cotton mélange

Viscose mélange

Cotton/ Polyester/ viscose melange

Eqru melange: viscose 1-2%

Grey melange: Viscose 5-15%

Anthra melange: Viscose 75%

Source of cotton yarn:

Local: Shamim, keya, Shohag, Pahartoli,Square.

Indian: Pacific, Krisna, TT, and Vardhaman & Sports King.

Lycra from (Dupond) Taiwan

ANNUAL REQUIREMENTS OF YARN: 4500 tons

Garments Section:

Fabric(Knitted & woven)

Button

Zipper

Sewing thread

Main label

Care label

Tag pin

Soucing tag

Price ticket

Hanger

Sizer

Size sticker

Poly bag

Cartoon

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CHAPTER-V

(Production Planning,Sequences & Operations)

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PRODUCTION PARAMETERS:Machine Diameter;Machine rpm (revolution per minute);No Of feeds or feeders in use;Machine Gauge;Count of yarn;Required time (M/C running time);Machine running efficiency.

DESCRIPTION OF PRODUCTION PROCESS(KNITTING SECTION):

In every mill, there maintains a sequence in production processing.It is also followed in this mill where I was in industrial attachment. The processsequences are in list below:

1) Firstly, knitting manager gets a production sheet from merchandisers asaccordance as consumer requirements. Then he informs or orders senior productionofficer about it.

2) Senior production officer informs technical in charge and knows aboutm/c in which the production will be running.

3) Technical in charge calls for leader of mechanical fitter troops, they twotake decision about m/c for production considering m/c condition, productioncapacity, maintenance complexity etc.

4) Production officer with experienced mechanical fitter adjusts requiredstitch length and grey GSM (gram per square meter) for required final GSM.

5) Supervisor check daily production regularity and make operatorsconscious about finishing in due time.

6) Operators operate machine in highly attention as if there were no faultsin the fabrics. If he is sure about any fabric fault, then he call for mechanical fitter induty. Mechanical fitter then fixes it if he can or he informs technical in-charge. Hethen comes in spot.

7) After required production and final inspection in 4-point system, they aresent in dyeing section

PRODUCTION FLOW-CHART:

Executive director takes order from Buyer|

Merchandiser estimates total amount of yarn of production|

Knitting manager gets production order sheet|

Senior Production Officer ordered by K.M. and ordersProduction officer and Technical in-charge.

|

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Production officer fixes up stitch length and GSMWith mechanical fitter.

|Definite operator operates machine in his full conscious and

Attention.|

Mechanical fitter fixes machine if there is any m/c fault.|

Supervisors keep daily production report and assure m/c is OK.|

Fabric roll is checked by a troop of inspectors in inspection unitand weighted.

|Final product to the required amount is delivered to dyeing unit.

MONTHLY EFFICIENCY:

Daily production: 9,000kgs. Approx.Daily production capacity: 10,000 kgs approx.So, monthly production: 9,000*26 kgs.Monthly production capacity: 10,000*26 kgs.So, Monthly production efficiency= 90%

DESCRIPTION OF PRODUCTION PROCESS(GARMENTS SECTION):

Sequence Operation for Sample Section:

Product Package

Make PatternIf not OK

Make Sample

Send to Buyer through Merchandiser

If OK

Collect the approved Sanple

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Sequence Operation for Cutting Section:

Fabric Inspection & relaxation

Fabrid spreading

Fabic cutting

Parts numbering

Part inspection

If any defect is found then make this part

Sequence Operation for Sewing Section( Line Tisa):

Front Yoke joining

Elastic join

Topstich

Sleeve join

Front Yoke join

Sleeve join

Elastic tuck

Elastic tuck

Elastic join

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Back part piping

Front Yoke+Sleeve+Back Yoke Joining

Elastic ¼ Stiching

Vertical tuck

Sleeve opening tuck

Side seam

Chup tuck

Sleeve opening chup tuck

Hem

InspectionREMARKS:

As NORTHERN FASHION LTD. is a big project; its production quantity is huge.Production quantity varies as according as buyers demand. It gives approximately 234-ton and600000 pcs production per month. In Bangladesh, there are a few mills, which can producesuch quantity of knitted fabrics.

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CHAPTER-VI

(Quality assurance system)

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QUALITY ASSURANCE SYSTEM:

All rolls are kept in front of the inspection m/c time to time and are inspected overthe grey inspection m/c visually in a pre-set speed against light. For any major or minor faultslike thick-thin, barre marks, fall out, contamination, fly, holes, oil lines, needle lines, slubs,etc are recorded in grey inspection report to classify the fabric based on the four point system.

Collar & cuff are inspected visually under light box, any major & minor faultycollar/cuff like having wrong ply, hole, needle lines, slubs, wrong design, first line problemetc properly counted and recorded.

QUALITY ASSURANCE PROCEDURE:Based on the sequence of grey inspection, the inspector serially numbers each roll

ensuring that all rolls having the knit card with complete details of the roll.

1) After production of fabric rolls of 8 to 25 kg, m/c operators cut them from thecloth or batch roller and they are carried to inspection section by the helpers.

2) Almost four inspection workers are for every shift to check the fabric rolls. Forany kind of fault they are checked thoroughly. Skilled inspectors find them and indicate themby the scissors in some cases.

3) Quality is specified on the basis of 4-points system. Here is the point distributionfor different kinds fault in this system: -

QUALITY CLASSIFICATION

1 2 3<20 20-30 30>OK ASK REJECT

FOUR POINT GRADING SYSTEMSize of defects Penalty

3 inches or less 1 pointOver three inch but not 6 inch 2 pointOver 6 inch but not 9 inch 3 pointOver 9 inch 4 point

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LIST OF EQUIPMENTS:

In this factory NCL is the list of equipments to assure quality: -

1) Inspection machine2) Scissors3) Weight balance & Microbalance4) GSM cutter5) Seal (‘CHECK-1’, ‘OK’, ‘REJECT’.).

Rejection criteria for body & Rib: Following table shows common body & rib faults andresponse by grey inspection section.

No. Faults Response

1. Needle marks Major needle line is rejected.2. Stripe Major needle line is rejected.3. Barre marks Rejected4. Slubs 1 point5. Wrong design Rejected6. Pin holes 1 point7. Fly & contamination Acceptable for color but not for white8. Sinker marks Do9. Uneven tension Discuss with manager10. Missing yarn Use 4 point11. Crease line Do12. Uneven tension Discuss with manager13. Oil stripe/line Do14. Thick-thin place Rejected15. Mixed yarn Discuss with manager

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Rejection criteria for collar & cuff: Following table shows common collar & cuff faultsand response taken by grey inspection section.

No. Faults Response

1. Wrong ply Reject2. Hole Reject3. Needle line Reject4. Slubs Reject5. Wrong design Reject6. Wrong tripping Reject7. Fly & contamination Acceptable for color but not for white8. First round problem Reject9. Uneven tension Discuss with manager10. Missing yarn Reject11. Crease line Reject12. Rust line Reject13. Oil stripe Reject14. Thick-thin Reject15. Wrong tube Reject

QUALITY STANDARD:

Here is the quality standard:-1) Fabric width 7) Broken needle /2’’2) Fabric length 8) Thick /thin yarn4) Slub 9) Barre/ Stripe3) Fabric weight 10) Dirt5) Hole 11) Oil6) Needle / Sinker line 12) Press off

REMARKS:

There is hardly any chance of any roll to pass through production on to any buyers by toby unchecked or disqualified. The inspections are too much experience and they are awareabout their duties and responsibilities. The factory authority and production related personnelare happy and satisfied with their works

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CHAPTER-VII

(Maintenance)

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MAINTENANCE:

Maintenance of machineries is very important for any type of industries and it is amust for a knit composite mill. All machines and machines parts of knitting, dyeing andgarments are maintained with extreme care. Because production quality and quantity, bothdepends on the maintenance with regularity. NORTHERN FASHIONLTD lead maintenancewith a troop of skilled mechanical fitters.

MAINTENANCE OF MACHINERY:In the knitting floor of NCL all circular machine are maintained regularly and as

necessity requirements. Here, different type of maintenance of machinery, which is taken,different time on the machineries.

ROUTINE:1) Daily Maintenance: Every machine is taken maintenance daily by the

operators during production. When the operator starts a production after handing over fromprevious shift operator, he takes a routine maintenance on the machine. He cleans themachine, assures yarn is fed to all needles, cleans the eye pot of feeder, memminger, signallamp sensor etc. Before a while of a roll cut from batch or cloth roller, operator cleansneedles, cylinder base plate etc. All around of the machine are kept neat and clean as if thereis no dirt with yarn in the fabric.

2) Schedule/Routine Maintenance: Every machine has a schedule of maintenanceof 10 or 15 days. According to date, schedule maintenance is taken on the machines.Operators are informed about the time of maintenance. After pre-estimated production, theyhand over the machine to the fitters. Thus, fitters assure all machines are OK. For any time.

3) Break down maintenance: When product quality hampered and to completeproduction in due time break down maintenance is taken. There are many faults seen in thefabric during production due to needle, sinker, take down roller etc. Then operators inform themechanical fitters and they fix it.

4) Restorative maintenance: Restorative maintenance is taken for design changeor new design development. According to advice or order of production officer, a machine isfixed for new design and mechanical fitters rearrange cam and needle system.

Planned and preventive maintenance are not taken on the machineries in this mill.MAINTENANCE OF ‘CIRCULAR KNITTING M/C’:

Lubrication:Since the life of the m/c and its correct working depend to a large extend adequate

and proper lubrication. It is recommended that the instructions given in the lubrication chartsbe followed conscientiously. The Company can not be need responsible for faults that arisefrom wrong or inadequate lubrication.

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Oiling Needles & Jacks:Too much oil is preferable to too little. Dark vertical lines in the fabric originate not

from excessive oiling b but from too mach friction between needle and jacks and the trickwalls on account of lack of oil. Should dark vertical lines makes their appearance isrecommended that the appropriates m/c parts be flooded with oil. This will cause heavysoiling or ht fabrics but the trouble will disappear quickly correct quantity of oil then can beapplied. The supply of oil should be reduced if light oil striper appears on the fabric.

The Cleaning of Needle & Jacks:Thin oil is most suitable for this work, about one point heated to a temperature not

exceeding 160ºF poured into the oiling position of the cylinder & dial cam races & in theheads of the needles while the m/c is running. The fabric will found to be cleaned again afterfew yards have been knitted. How often cleaning is necessary will depend upon what kind ofyarn is being used. Synthetic yarn cleaning is taken place at lest monthly, yarn with absorbentproperties is being knitted at same time.

General Cleaning Schedule:Long m/c life, maximum output & trouble free running depend upon proper care

and maintenance. A general overhaul should take place annually when single shifts areworked & correspondingly at more frequent interval. When extra shifts are worked. Theoverhaul involves removal of all cam section and removal of needles and jacks from theirtricks, so tat the tricks should be thoroughly the cleaned. Before parts are replaced they shouldbe adequately lubricated.

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MANPOWER SET-UP FOR MAINTENANCE:NORTHERN CORPORATION LTD.

TONGI, GAZIPUR.

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MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE:

1) For there is any mechanical fault of machine, which is responsible forproduction hamper, operator informs mechanical fitters in duty. Mechanical fitters come andobserve the problem firstly, and then they begin to fix it.

2) If mechanical fitters were unable to fix it, then they inform technical in-charge,he then comes in spot and fixes it.

3) For there is any electrical problem of machine or serious founding mechanicalproblem, mechanical and electrical department are informed, they come and fix the problem.They commence at work after informing of knitting manager. There are two mechanicalengineers in the department.

4) For restorative maintenance, senior production officer orders mechanicalfitters to fit required machine for cam and needle arrangement and other necessaryrequirements in case of new design development.

Maintenance sequence of circular knitting machine

Power on/off↓

MPF/Positive feeder current line off↓

MPF belt out/loss↓

Yarn cut↓

Fabric out by handle↓

Cleaning and Oiling↓

Cam box out↓

Needle & sinker out↓

Needle & sinker cleaning by oil↓

Cam box cleaning by air

After opening & cleaning, m/c is leveled by using leveling meter and follows the reverseprocess to ready the m/c.

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MAINTENANCE TOOLS/EQUIPMENTS & THEIR FUNCTIONS:

Maintenance tools/equipments Functions

1. Adjustable wrench Used for setting nut & bolts

2. Air suctioner For cleaning machine

3.Spanner Fixed Spanner for nut & bolts fitting

4.Socket spanner Handle system for nut & bolt fitting

5. Hammer To apply load where required

6. Screw driver To release any screw

7. Punch Used to fit any worn out shaft

8. Lock opener To open the clip of bearing

9. Hack saw To cut any metallic thing

10. Outside calipers To measure outside dia

11. Inside calipers To measure inside dia

12. Cutting pliers To cut thin wires

13. Pulley key To loosen pulleys

14. Chain ton To lift heavy load

15. Welding machine To join metallic parts

16. Grinding machine To make the smooth fabrics

17. Tester To test electric circuit

18. Pliers To grip anything & cut anything

19. Star driver Screw unlocking

20. Steel tape To measure length, width & height

21. Chisel To cut any metal

22. L-key For loosen & tighten the screw

23. File To smooth the rough surface

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Repair, maintenance and setting and replacement of different parts oflockstitch machine:

Apparatus:1. Flat screw driver2. Star screw driver3. Hammer4. Pliers5. Lubricating oil6. Grease

Standard atmospheric condition:Temperature………………28cRelative humidity………..62%

Procedure: The repair, maintenance, setting and replacement procedure are described below:-

1. Repair: Repair work is carried out when a component requires slight modification.To carry out such job the machine needs to be switched off first. The componentunder repair is then screwed off by suitable apparatus. After repairing, the part isfixed to its designated place and hence its correctness is measured by running themachine. In a lockstitch machine bobbin case, bobbin, check spring, feed dog.Motor belt etc can undergo repair job.

a. Maintenance: Maintenance can be of different types. But following types areimportant in this aspect.

b. Routine maintenance: lubrication and regular inspection are the constituent ofroutine maintenance. Lubrication ensures long life and safe working of all theequipment. Inspection tries to detect faults in equipment so that repairs andreplacement may be under taken at the right time.

c. Scheduled maintenance: this type of maintenance provides for inspection,overhaul lubrication and servicing of the machine, cleaning of all components isnormally done in this manner. It involves opening of the machine into its smallestcomponent and carry out lubrication.

2. Setting: the setting of the lockstitch machine is of immense importance. Followingsetting points need to be ensured before running the machine.

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a. Stitch density controller: It controls the no of stitch per inch. Before starting themachine, stitch per inch is determined by rotating the knob and fixing it at thedesired position.

b. Motor: Motor rpm depicts the speed of the machine. The rpm is controlled bytightening or looseness the belt over machine & motor pulley.

c. Needle: needle undergoes accurate setting to ensure proper sewing. Needle isattached by means of a screw which needs to be tightened enough to produce easysewing. Again the needle size is also important from fabric point of view.

d. Pressure foot: The type of pressure foot to be used & its proper setting isimportant which is ensured by proper attachment with the motor through machinepulley.

e. Feed dog: It is often found that due to random working the feed dog is subjected tobe loose which may cause accident also. Thus the feed dog must be set properlywith the screw.

3. Replacement: The replacement is revealed when the retention of equipment is nomore remain an economical proposition. A replacement is affected when theequipment is subjected to complete breakage which cannot be used even after repairor the component has become so obsolete that affects production or it has crossedits expire date. Replacement can be affected to any components of the machine atany time. In lockstitch machine components like needle, pressure foot, feed dog etcundergo frequent replacement.

Precaution: Following precautions must be taken when repair, setting maintenance is carriedout in the lockstitch machine.

1. All repair & maintenance work must be carried out by switching off themachine.

2. Right tools should be used at right place.3. Skilled personnel should be involved for specialized job.4. Careful handling of all the components is necessary.5. The components should not be too tight or too loose.

Remarks: The experiment has provided us wide idea regarding the repair, maintenance,setting & replacement of different components of lockstitch machine & circular knitting m/c.It has given us a basic knowledge on machine maintenance as a whole. It has also oriented uswith different machine tools & their use those are required for the said job. The gatheredknowledge will indeed help us in our practical life. We hope to important our learning in thedays to come.

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This mill has a strong maintenance fitter’s troop to fix up all types problem. Twogroups of two shifts obey their duties responsibly and sincerely. With their different tools orequipments they perform their duties skillfully

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CHAPTER-VIII

(UTILITY SERVICES)

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UTILITY FACILITIES AVAILABLE:

For smooth functioning of any production unit, uninterrupted andrequired utility services are indispensable. Success of any industry largely dependson this factor. Any irregularity or lack in the required utility services immediatelyresults in unexpected halt of the production process. An Industry needs variousutilities depending on its manufacturing process.

In NCL the major utilities are available-

- Power (Electricity)- Water- Natural gas- Compressed air- Steam- ETP

SOURCES OF UTILITIES:The main utility, which is used by NCL, is natural gas. From

natural gas generator produce electricity. From natural gas and electricity inassociation with mechanical and electrical apparatus, NCL produce other utilitieslike water, steam, compressed air etc.

CAPACITY AND OTHER TECHNICAL DETAILS:

Power (Electricity):Generator house is the main power producing plants of NCL

There are one generator in generator house.

Generator -Type: gas generatorBrand name: CaterpillarOrigin: USA

Frequency: 50 Hz

Voltage: 400 V

STEAM:Boiler produces the required steam. There is one boiler in NFL

Boiler specification:

Brand name: Industrial boiler LtdCapacity: 8ton / hrBlower motor: 25 HP

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Water supply for the boiler:Water required for steam production is supplied by deep tube well.

Pretreatment of the boiler water:Boiler feed water needs special standard. Any deviation from the

required standard may result in scale formation, which eventually reduces theefficiency of the boiler. This ultimately affects the cost of steam generation andmakes the production cost high. To maintain the required standard of the water,there should be some means to pretreat the boiler feed water. To protect scaleformation of boiler, NELCO is used as chemical in water feed tank. 200 gm NELCOis injected per 12 hrs. In NCL there are water softeners that act before the waterenters the boiler.

.No. Of the softener :

There is one water softener to pretreat the boiler feed water.

COMPRESSED AIR:The compressed air is supplied from air compressor. There are one-air

compressors in NCL.

Compressor -Brand name Hitachi Screw CompressorOrigin: JapanModel no. OSP-55S5 ARIMaximum working pressure: 15 barAverage working pressure: 6.5-7.5 barYear of construction: 2006

WATER:The water source NCL is deep tube well.

Water treatment plant: There is no eater treatment plant in NCL.

GAS:The source of gas is government agency. Gas is required mainly for

generation of electricity, boiler to produce steam, the burners of heat setting m / c.As NCL generates their own electricity, the gas consumption is quite high. The gasconsumption is 250-350 m³ / hr.

COST OF DIFFERENT UTILITIES:

Electricity cost:REB =3.8 TK / KW-HR

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Gas generator = 2.70 TK / KW-HRDiesel generator = 6.50 TK / KW-HR

Gas cost:4.94 Tk/m³ for boiler3.66 Tk/m³ for generator4.5 Tk/m³ for domestic purpose

Steam cost:4.30 Tk per kg fabric.

REMARKS:For smooth running of factory main utilities like gas, electricity or

steam is very essential. Sometimes gas pressure is low than required pressure. Whenthe gas pressure is low, then diesel generator run. Government should have to ensureproper gas supply for Industrial purpose.

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(CHAPTER-IX)

STORE & INVENTORY CONTROL

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INVENTORY SYSTEM OF RAW MATERIAL:

It is previously speak that NFL. is a knit composite industry. The main rawmaterial of NCL is grey fabric. Grey fabric first produce in knitting department ofthis company. Knitting section of NFL. Produces grey fabric as per buyers order.Dyeing section get grey fabric from knitting section. Grey fabric store officerreceive the grey fabric and store the grey fabric in storeroom. Then he delivers thegrey fabric to batch preparation section according to shipment date or according toproduction manager of dyeing section instruction.

Other raw materials of NFL are dyes and chemicals. Dyes andchemicals store officer always keep stock report of dyes and chemicals and alsoknow the daily or monthly requirements of each dyes or chemicals. If the stock isbellowing30days then he gives requisition to head office for each product. Headoffice indent dyes and chemicals.

SPARES:Spare store officer keep the spare part in store & make a list of spare parts.

If the spare parts are little in stock he gives requisition to maintenance manager.Technical manager give requisition to Head office. Head office indent spare parts orbuy local market as per requirements.

FINISHED GOODS INVENTORY:Finish fabrics from the compactor go to inspection team. From the

inspection table the fabric weighted in weight meter & go to finish fabric storeroom.Here finished fabric store officer make a list of total finished products. He sends thefinished fabric to NORTHERN FASHION LTD as per shipment date orrequirements of production manager of NORTHERN FASHION LTD. He alsokeeps the delivery list.

REMARKS:Inventory control system and storing system of NFL. is over all good.

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CHAPTER -X

(COST ANALYSIS)

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INTRODUCTION:Costing is a process by which the setting price of a product is calculated. It is a

very important task for a factory, which runs for business purposes.And it is also strictly followed in the NCL. Costing of the products considering the rawmaterials expenditure, salary and wages of officers and workers, distributions andadvertisement expenses etc. all direct and indirect expenses is done in this factory. It isdetermined by a troop of accountants with advice and consultancy of executive director.

PRICE OF THE PRODUCT:Generally price of product is determined by the required profit adding to the total

expenses. So,

Price of products= (Direct expenses + Indirect expenses + FactoryOverhead) + Required profit

PRICE RANGE OF DIFFERENT PRODUCTS:T-Shirt = $0.75 - $4.50 /PcsPolo Shirt =$2.00 - $6.50 /PcsKids Wear ==$0.75- $2.15 /Pcs

KNITTING CHARGE OF DIFFERENT FABRICS:

Fabric name Charge per kg(Tk)Single Jersey 8-9

Single Jersey with Lycra 30-35Single locust PK 16Double lacost PK 16

Single PK 16Double PK 16

Rib 12-17Rib with Lycra 30

Interlock 18-22Fleece 22-25

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DYEING CHARGE OF DIFFERENT FABRICS:

Name of fabric process Charge per kg (Tk)White with Enzyme 45

White without Enzyme 35Avg. color with Enzyme 85

Avg.color without Enzyme (Light&med.)

75

Deep shed with Enzyme (Black) 120Deep shed without Enzyme (Black) 95

Only wash (Tubular) 25Only wash (Open) 45

Double dyeing (Face & Back) 115

FINISHING CHARGE OF DIFFERENT FABRICS:

Name of fabric process Charge per kg(Tk)Slitting only 5

Stenter only 25Compacting only 15

Stenter + Compacting 35Stenter + Compacting+ wash 50

Tube Compacting 10

COSTING OF THE PRODUCT:

Let price of yarn is $ 3.00/ kg.Process loss of yarn for knitting (10%) = $0.30Knitting fabric cost = $3.30Cost of dyes & chemicals = $2.50Process loss for dyeing (12%) = $0.30Dyed fabric cost = $ 6.10Packing cost = $0.05Production cost of fabric=$6.15

Fabric price (with 25% margin) =$7.79

Fabric consumption/ doz. = (Body length + Sleeve length +10) x Chest length x 2 x GSM x12/10000000

Garments specification:Body length=78 cmSleeve length=33 cmChest length=62 cmGSM=210

Fabric consumption/ doz. = {(78+33) x62x2x210x12}/ 10000000= 3.469 kg

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Fabric consumption/doze (with 10% wastage) = 3.816 kg

Body fabric cost / doz. =$(7.79x 3.816)= $29.73

Cost of collar& cuff/doz = $ 4.00Cost of Trims=$ 2.25Cost of Trims (with 5% Process loss) = $2.36Production Cost of Garments/ doz=$36.09Garments Price/doz (with 25% Profit) =$45.12

REMARKS:Costing is very important for a productive factory. Without proper costing all production

curriculums will go to vain. Because a factory cannot reach to its goal without achieving goodprofit and good profit is not possible without skillful costing. In NCL there are some skillfulpersonnel to do this job.

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CHAPTER-XI

(MARKETING ACTIVITIES)

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INTRODUCTION:Marketing activities are done of NCL by a skillful team of marketing officers under

the Executive Director. Here are the details of marketing activities.

CONSUMER OF THE PRODUCTS:The mill has a great number of renowned and international consumers. Following

are some regular consumers:1) Lindex 2) Carryfour3) Kappal

PRODUCT LABEL:There are following labels used by this mill:

1) Care Label: It contains washing in hot or cold water, chemical cleaning,drying conditions etc.

2) Size Label: It contains size of garments.3) Composition Label: It contains the fabric composition of different fibre type.4) Decorative Label: Decoration is as buyer or consumer choice wise.

PACKAGE SIZE & LABEL:Most common sizes are

S - SmallM - MediumL - LargeXL - Extra largeXLL - Very very large

LOCAL MARKET:

NFL is 100% export oriented mill. So there is no local market involved in it. Butthe knitting section takes some sub-contact for knitting an amount of fabrics from there givenyarn.

IMPORTING COUNTRIES:This mill relates to the countries for yarn importing, they are

1) India2) Taiwan

MANPOWER:Almost seven marketing officers and twelve others workers act under the

Executive Director.

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DUTIES & RESPONSIBILITES OF MARKETING OFFICERS:

1) Executive director takes order from the buyer and gives order the marketingofficer’s troops to produce a cost sheet.

2) Marketing officers are known the amount and design of product.3) They collect the sample from the buyers and send to knitting and dyeing section.4) Knitting section adjusts the amount of total yarn and knitting conditions and

dyeing sections adjust the amount of dyes and chemicals. They send a rough calculation to themarketing section.

5) Marketing officers adjust the amount of garments accessories with the help oftheir own experiences and their knowledge. They also take help of garments in charge.

6) Finally, they adjust their cost sheet after consulting with the Executive Directorand copy several pieces of the cost sheet.

REMARKS:Marketing activities are very important tasks for a productive factory. In this mill,

there having highly qualified marketing officers. As a result, the mill rises up day by day.

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SOME ANALYSIS & REPORT

LYCRA% CALCULATION:

Half feeder lycra

Circumference of elastane roller 5.5 cm

Revolution of elastane roller Per revolution of cylinder: 61

For cotton yarn: 100 feeders

100*2510*3*453.61000*30*840*0.9144

14.822 gm

Lycra for 50 feeder 61*5.5*50*40/100*9000 gm

0.7455gm

Total weight (0.7455+14.822) gm

15.57 gm

Lycra0.7455*100/15.57

4.78%

Cotton Yarn 14.822*100/15.57

95.19%

In case of full feeder (5% lycra) 20 den Lycra is used

In case of full feeder (10% lycra) 40 den Lycra is used

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FAULTS OF GREY FABRICS:

1. Patta

Causes:1. Yarn count variation2.Yarn tension variation

Remedies:Proper yarn count & tension should be maintained.

Remarks:For dark color & plain single jersey patta very sensitives. But in case of

derivatives of single jersey, rib &interlock light patta considerable.

2. Contamination:

Causes:1.For unlearned machine & floor.2.Little space between two adjacent machines.3. For hairy & color yarn.

Remedies:1.Proper cleaning of machine & floor.

Remarks:Protection of every machine from dust & fly. In case of light color

contamination is very bad appearance. As a result garments rejected.

3.Needle mark:

Causes:For bent hook & latch.

Remedies:Immediately change faulty needle.

Remarks:Needle mark is a common faults of knitting because unconscious of

operator. It has very bad effective for dyeing & causes a great loss of company.

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4.Hole:

Causes:1. For needle breakage & wrong adjustment of machine parts.2. For uneven yarn & deposit of fibre.

Remedies:Correct adjustment of machine parts &clean machine.

5.Lycra out & tension variation of Lycra:

Causes: Breakage of Lycra yarn & uneven tension of Lycra.

6. Oil mark

7. Tara &loop.

FABRIC CONSUMPTION PROCESS:

Suppose we get a following order of T-shirt;

Fabric type – Single jerseyFinished gsm- 160 gmColor gsm-300gm

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FABRIC CONSUMPTION FOR A SINGLE T- SHIRT –

Lengthwise fabric need for body –For length-60 cmShrinkage- 1 cm

Hem- 3 cmTotal -64 cm

Fabric need for chest-

Cheast-40 cmShrinkage-1 cm

Cutting allowance-2 cmSewing allowance-2 cm

Total-45 cm

Fabric need for Sleeve –

Sleeve-40cmCutting allowance-2 cmSewing allowance-2 cm

Shrinkage allowance-2cm

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Total=45cm

Area of fabric –

Length x Width=0.92x0.45 square meter=0.414 square meter

=0.414x160 g m (Gsm=160 gm)=66.24 gm x 2 (for two side)

=132.48 gm x 1.1 (10% allowance for fabric fault)=0.145 kg x 1.05 (5% allowance for garments faults)=0.152 kg/garment

FABRIC CONSUMPTION FOR COLLAR:

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Fabric need=0.3x1 square meter=0.3x 300 gm=90 gm/collar

Another method:Make a collar & weighted it.

Another method:If a collar is 3 ply & stitch length=4 mmCourse/cm=13&Wales/cm=13

If the collar 66 cm long & 9 cm wide then-Total course =13x9=117Total needle=13x66=858 Pcs

Fabric need=858x4x117x3 mm=1204 m=1312 yardsIf yarn 26s/1 thenCollar weight=(0.4536x1312)/(840x26) kg

=27 gm

YARN REQUIIRMENT:

Normally ordered 10% more yarn than fabric consumption

SPECIAL FABRIC LYCRA SINGLE JERSEY PRODUCTION:

Open width machine best for knitting lycra fabric If knitting in tubular form machine then roller pressure decrease & box used for fabric

take up. Yarn tension 5/7 & lycra yarn tension 2/3 Required finished dia= Grey fabric dia.

HEAT SET BEFORE DYEING:

Lycra fabric heat set both before dyeing & after dyeing.Heat set parameter- Temperature 180˚-190˚ Rpm 12-16 Over feeding 35/45/50 Heat dia=Finished dia+5/6" After Heat set gsm=Required gsm

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WHOLE PRODUCTION PROCESS

PRODUCTION PROCESS:

Receiving order sheet from merchandiser↓

Yarn count & stitch length selection↓

Machine selection↓

Sample making↓

After having sample results go for bulk↓

Grey fabric storing↓

Delivery to dyeing↓

Dyeing↓

Finishing↓

Quality check↓

Garments making↓

Garments finishing↓

Packing↓

Final inspection↓

Shipment

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1. RECIVING ORDER SHEET

FABRIC SPECIFICATION: Fabric type Finished gsm Finished dia Color Yarn composition Yarn quality Shrinkage level

2. YARN COUNT SELECTION

If Buyer give swatch then –Analysis the swatch-Count measurement from bees leys balance.Stitch length measurement from swatch.

If swatch not given then use experience, formula & standard data-

By using formula-(Ks x Tex)/stitch length= Finished gsmIn experience-

Ks-For Single jersey=19-21For 1 x 1 Rib =26For 2 x 1 rib =31For Interlock =38

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STANDARD DATA:

FOR PLAIN SINGLE JERSEY:

FOR LACOSTE & PK

FOR 1X 1 RIB

FOR INTERLOCK:

Finished gsm Count Gauge130-140 30/1 24150-160 28/1 24160-170 26/1 24175-185 24/1 24195-210 20/1 24220-230 18/1 20240-250 30/2 20260-280 26/2 20280-310 24/2 20

Finished gsm Count Gauge180 30/1 24200 28/1 24210-220 26/1 24220-240 24/1 24

Finished gsm Count Gauge170-180 34/1 18190-200 30/1 18/16210-220 28/1 18/16220-240 26/1 18/16250-270 24/1 18/16270-300 20/1 16

Finished gsm Count Gauge170-200 40/1 24210-230 34/1 24240-250 30/1 24

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FOR LYCRA SINGLE JERSEY:

Finished gsm CottonYarn count

Lycra countIn Deniar

180 40/1 20d200-210 34/1 20d220-230 30/1 20d240-250 30/1 20d

3. MACHINE SELECTION:

Machine dia & gauge selection is depends on finished fabric dia, finished fabric gsm & fabrictype. It is very tuff to select machine according to order. It depends upon officer’s experiences& some calculation.

Experience data & calculation:

In a finished fabric first we calculated wales/cm.If wales/inch for a finished fabric 33.11 Then

If 24 dia 20 gauge machine then no of total needle 1508.For one side 1508/2=754Dia of finished fabric 754/33.11=22.77 inch in 24 x 20 machine.

In experienceIn 160 gsm (26/1) & 180 gsm (24/1) Plain single jersey finished fabric wales/inch=35.25

1 x 1 rib (200 gsm) in 30x18 machines suppose finished dia =30 inch Then2 x 1 rib in 30 x 18 machines –Total needle=1696-565=1130For one side =1130/2=565Finished dia=565/28.2=20 inch

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EXPERIENCE DATA:For Single jersey-

For 1 x 1 Rib-

For Plain Interlock –

Finished gsm Count Gauge Finished dia200 40/1 24 Finished dia=Machine dia180 40/1 24 Finished dia=Machine dia+1220-230 34/1 24 Finished dia=Machine dia+2240-250 30/1 24 Finished dia=Machine dia+2/3

4. SAMPLE MAKING:According to fabric order we make small amount of fabric. Then

dyeing & finishing have done

Before sample making we have to check- Yarn quality VDQ pulley adjustment

After making grey sample. Check- Gsm All types of fabric faults

Finished gsm Count Finished dia140 30/1 Machine dia= finished dia160 26/1 Machine dia+1= finished dia180 24/1 Machine dia+2= finished dia200 20/1 Machine dia+3= finished dia220 18/1 Machine dia+5= finished dia

Finished gsm Count Gauge Finished dia150-200 30/1 18 Finished dia= Machine dia210-220 28/1 18 Finished dia= Machine dia220-230 26/1 18 Finished dia= Machine dia+1240-250 24/1 18 Finished dia= Machine dia+1/2280-300 20/1 18 Finished dia= Machine dia+2/3

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After making finished sample we have to check- Gsm Dia Shrinkage Spirality

Sensitive faults for specific color-

Light color-Neps not acceptable. Dark color-Patta, dead fibre not acceptable. White color- No fly, dust & contamination.

5.BULK PRODUCTION:

If we got satisfactory results after checking finished sample we go bulk production.

6.GREY FABRIC STORING:

Roll marking must be correct. Open form storage. Roll form for lycra. Dia / color wise fabric selection.

7. DELIVERY TO DYEING:After then further steps proceed on.

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FABRIC DESIGNS

1. Plain Single Jersey –

2. Single Lacoste-

3. Double Lacoste-

4. Polo Pique-

5. Single Jersey Lycra-

6. Plain Rib-

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7. Plain Interlock-

8. Fancy Rib-

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CHAPTER-XV

(CONCLUSION)

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CONCLUSION:

When the development of the country was at a stand still positiondue to the legacy of shattered economy and the industrialization was stagnant, theexport oriented textile and RMG sector had shown the ray of hope by its all-pervasive positive impact on the national economy. At the fag end of the eighty, thissector started expanding and within a short period of its existence, this nascentindustry became the largest foreign exchange earner.

Standing at the verge of a new millennium, Textile and RMGsector is now the heart of our national economy. Even after all this achievements,this industry faces the major challenge of global adjustment in the coming yearswhen it has to respond the new trading arrangement after 2004.

NORTHERN FASHION LTD being a part of this decisive sectorwill have to take necessary measure to cope with the change of globalization.Modification of the technical arrangement with the advancement of technologies andgood positive approach will help to survive in this ever-changing global economy.

Hopefully, the confidence and foresight of the entrepreneurs andthe enthusiastic teamwork of the professionals will take NORTHERN FASHIONLTD to an even better position.

Industrial attachment of northern fashion

Engineering

Transcript of Industrial attachment of northern fashion