Indonesia Transportation Overview
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Transcript of Indonesia Transportation Overview
INDONESIA TRANSPORTATION SECTOR OVERVIEW
Infrastructure Forum 4 December 2012
Den Haag
Bambang Susantono, Ph.D.
Vice Minister for Ministry of Transportation
Republic of Indonesia
Snapshots of the country
2
Indonesia Today and in 2030
16th largest economy in the world 9th largest economy in the world
45 million members of the consuming class
135 million members of the consuming class
53% population in cities producing
74% of GDP 71% population in cities producing
86% of GDP
55 million skilled workers 113 million skilled workers needed
$ 0.5 trillion market opportunity in consumer services, agriculture and fisheries, resources and education
$ 1.8 trillion market opportunity in consumer services, agriculture and fisheries, resources and education
Source: McKinsey Global Institute
3 3
GDP and urbanization pattern in the future
86 % GDP comes from
Urban Areas and 63% from midsize
cities
4
5
Indonesia GDP growth 2010 - 2030
More than just population size ...
6
7
The World Embrace Indonesia Performance
Indonesia to be the 4th largest economy in 2050
8
World’s 10 largest economies, 2010 (USD Tn, PPP) World’s 10 largest economies, 2050 (USD Tn, PPP)
2012 – World’s 15th
(USD 1,12 Tn, PPP)
Breakthrough of MP3EI
9
Master Plan Acceleration and Expansion of Indonesia Economic Development (MP3EI) is
intended to accelerate and foster economic development across the nation through 6 (six)
economic development corridors. This master plan implements the spirit of “not business as
usual”.
Source: MP3EI, 2011
MP3EI Vision
MAIN STRATEGY
ECONOMIC CORRIDORS DEVELOPMENT
STRENGTHENING THE NATIONAL CONNECTIVITY
STRENGTHENING HR CAPABILITY AND SCI - TECH
.... THE ECONOMIC MASTERPLAN
10
Currently, indicated MP3EI investments are ~ Rp. 4,930 T (USD 500 billion)
including ~ Rp. 2,373 T (USD 250 billion) for infrastructure development
Indicated MP3EI investment (Rp T)* Indicated Infrastructure investment (Rp T)*
Jawa
1.460
Sumatera
1.133
Total
4.930
Papua
-
Maluku
604
Bali -
NT
208
Sulawesi
416
Kalimantan
1.109
Total
2.373
Papua
-
Maluku
78 156
Sulawesi Bali -
NT
Sumatera
201
577
Kalimantan
205
Jawa
1.156
* As of April 2012
11 11
12
251
194
170
162
Infrastructure
Realization 39.6
Planned 46.7
Real Sector
56 projects 58 projects
50 projects 49 projects
114 projects
99 projects
(Up to July 2012)
305
89
65
51
41.1 Planned
Infrastructure
15.5
Real Sector
Realization
39
projects
16 projects
27 projects
9 projects
55 projects
36 projects
In billion
USD
In billion
USD
27.8 18.8
21.6 18
33.9 7.2
9.8 5.7
Implementation So Far (After 1 Year)
Indonesia offers huge investment opportunity:
Palm Oil Industry
13
Sei Mangke (Medan,
North Sumatera)
Sei Mangkei Special Economic Zone (SEZ) provide various
opportunities for investment
Regulated under the Government Law No 29/2012
There are three phase of development in Sei
Mangkei SEZ:
1. Develop 104 Ha Area
2. Expand to 640 Ha; (principal permit already issued,
currently waiting for the Right to Build permit)
3. Developing its area to total 2002,77 Ha
There are three investor already commited:
1. PT Sinergi Oleo Nusantara (USD 415 Million on
biodiesel – bCarotene integrated – industry)
2. PT Cipta Buana Utama Mandiri (Rp 0,4 T on fertilizer
industry)
3. PT Unilever Indonesia (Rp 1,2 T on oleochemicals
industry)
Several advantage of Sei Mangkei SEZ
1. 40 km to the Kuala Tanjung Port . Under the
MP3EI program, this port will be developed to a
global hub port.
2. Nearby the “Gunung Bayu – Petlanaan Station”
railway track
3. Already produced 30 Ton / hour of Fresh Fruit
Bunches (FFB) since 1997
4. Abundance in water supply. Water are supplied
from the Bah Bolon Rover( water debit 37,3
m3/second)
5. Nearby to several Large Palm Oil Plantations
(70 km radius):
1. PTPN III = 165 Ton FFB/hour
2. PTPN IV = ± 300 Ton FFB/hour
3. Private = ± 104 Ton FFB / hour
14
Sei Mangkei SEZ will be supported by infrastructure
development
There 18 infrastructure projects related with MP3EI
which will support Sei Mangkei SEZ ... Examples:
699
Railway
39
Seaport Energy
4,148
Road and Bridge
91
5,644
Energy
10,621
Total
2 projects
4 projects
10 projects
1 project
1 project 18
projects
Rp Billion Railway Plan
Road Plan
15 15
Transport Infrastructure Investment Needs in Economic Corridors
16
Sumatera EC (USD 9,279 Million):
• Railway: USD 7,826 Million • Port: USD 1,006 Million • Airport: USD 447 Million
Kalimantan EC (USD 5,366 Million):
• Railway: USD 3,913 Million • Port: USD 1,118 Million • Airport: USD 335 Million
Sulawesi EC (USD 671 Million):
• Port: USD 671 Million
Bali - Nusa Tenggara EC (USD 1,677 Million):
• Railway: USD 1,342 Million • Airport: USD 335 Million
Java EC (USD 18,558 Million):
• Railway: USD.11,738 Million • Port: USD 5,031 Million
• Airport: USD 1,789 Million
Papua-Kep. Maluku EC (USD 6,618 Million) :
• Port: USD 6,596 Million • Airport: USD 22 Million
Sumatera
Economic
Corridor
Kalimantan
Economic
Corridor
Sulawesi
Economic
Corridor
Java Economic
Corridor Bali Nusa Tenggara
Economic Corridor
Papua – Kep.
Maluku Economic
Corridor
Source : MP3EI, 2011
Acceleration of Transport Infrastructure Development
17
MP3EI Transport Infrastructure
No Infrastructure Investment Need (USD Million)
Est. # of Projects
1 Ports and Inland Waterways
13,080 92
2 Airports 3,577 14
3 Railways 36,445 25
Total 53,102 131
Public
Infrastructure
Private Infrastructure
(Private Purpose)
Non -Cost Recovery Project
Cost Recovery Project
PPP
SOE Special Asssignment
•State Budget •Local Budget
Tender / Right To Match •Law 23/2007 on Railway •Law 17/2008 on Shipping •Law1/2009 on Aviation •GR 67/05 •GR 13/10 •GR 56/11
Presidential Regulation on SOE Special Assignment
•Special Airports •Special Ports, Special Terminals •Special Railways
Licencing
Private Sector Involvement Is Made Possible through Regulatory Reform in Transport Sector
18
Previous Regulations New Regulations
• Overlapping roles of regulator,
operator and contracting
agency
• Monopolistic / Single Provider
• Limited access for Private
Sector
• Centralized
• More on supply approach
• Minimum access for the
Government Support
• Clear separation of role between
regulator, operator & contracting
agency
• Multi-operator
• Wider access for the involvement of
Private Sector
• Decentralized
• Combination of accessibility and
market-driven approaches
• Wider access for the Government
Support
Three Ways of Private Sectors Involvement in Transport Infrastructure Development
19
Investments in Transport Sector
Special Purpose Transport Infrastructure
SEZ/FTZ Transport Infrastructure
Public / Commercial Transport Infrastructure
• Infrastructure specially developed for the
purpose of a business entity and may
operate exclusively for the business
entity.
• Usually unsolicited, i.e. initially proposed
by the business entity (private sector)
• Ministry of Transportation reviews the
feasibility study and other technical
matters, including safety issues
• The investment procedure for the special
purpose transport is done through the
LICENCING (business licence, location
licence, construction licence, and
operation licence).
• Infrastructure to be used by
public and commercially
oriented (tariff applied)
• May be solicited (proposed
by the GoI) or unsolicited
• Ministry of Transport prepares
the project documents and
tender documents, including
feasibility study
• The business entity is chosen
through TENDER (in
accordance to Presidential
Regulation No. 56/2011)
• Infrastructure is located in the
Special Economic Zones (SEZ)
or in Free Trade Zones (FTZ)
• Several incentives such as
reduced tax rates
• More relaxed restrictions
(compared to the Negative
Investment List)
• More incentives and exceptions
for the projects in the Bounded
Zones (Kawasan Berikat)
• The investment procedure is
through simplified integrated
LICENCING from the FTZ/SEZ
administrators
Government had provided many endorsements and incentives in order to attract private invesments
Several government supports and incentives are in
place to attract more investors ......
Government supports and
incentives
Tax Holiday Facility
Viability Gap Fund
Geothermal Fund
Land Procurement Regulations
PPP Scheme and
Regulation
... Whilst the government is working to prepare the potential
infrastructure projects to be offered to the private sectors.
Geothermal Fund: reducing the investor risks during exploration activities
Presidential Regulation no. 71/2012: providing clear mechanism and duration of every stages in land acquisition process
Viability Gap Fund: government support to increase the financial feasibility for infrastructure projects. Some infrastructure sector may have this facility such as toll road, water sector, etc
Land Capping: government support to reduce the risk due to the unpredicted and unavoidable increasing land price
20 20
Recent amendment on Presidential Decree No. 67/2005
(Presidential Decrees No. 56/2011), had eased PPP from
straining regulations
There are several changes that have been made through PD No. 56 / 2011 ...
Permits unsolicited proposal
Easier tender process
Allows Ministry of Finance to give
guarantees through appointed
institutions
Allows SOE’s to become the
contracting agencies
... simultaneously supported with government programs
Project Development Facility: to fund feasibility studies. given as revolving fund to be repaid by winning bidder
Land Capping: To cover the risk of increasing cost of land acquisition above certain level.
Land Revolving Fund: Provide bridging finance for land acquisition
Guarantee Fund: provides guarantee for risks better covered by government
Viability Gap Fund: provides financial support in the form of grants, one tie or deferred, to make them commercially viable
21
Government have been vigorously providing support in every
step of PPP process
Project Development
Facility (PDF) will be used
by CAs to fund feasibility
studies, and is essential to
ensure initiation and
implementation of projects
– PDF given as
revolving fund to be
repaid by winning
bidder
Two types of Land Fund:
• Land Revolving Fund:
Provide bridging finance
for land acquisition
• Land Capping: Cover risk
of increasing cost of land
Guarantee fund provides
guarantee for risks better
covered by government
• e.g. political, price,
land acquisition delay
• Based on Perpres 78 /
2010 and Permenkeu
260/PMK.011/2010
• Takes part in financing a
commercially viable
project
– Can be as debt, equity
or credit
enhancement
guarantees
PT SMI (PT Sarana
Multistruktur Indonesia)
Managed by Government
Investment Unit (under Min.
Finance) and forwarded
through Toll Road
Regulatory Agency (under
Min. Public Works)
PT PII (PT Penjaminan
Infrastruktur Indonesia)
PT IIF (Indonesia
Infrastructure Fund), a
subsidiary under PT SMI
Land Fund Government Guarantee Infrastructure Fund
PDF (Project Development
Facility)
Providing Party
Objective
Preparation Bidding Implementation
Fiscal support given along PPP process
PT IIF
22 22
TRANSPORTATION SECTOR INVESTMENT CLIMATE
23
Opportunities in Air Transport Sector
24
• With a population of more than 240
million, and with major airports
handling more than 68 million
passengers in 2011, Indonesia
presents itself as an immense
aviation opportunity as one of the
fastest growing domestic air traffic
markets in the world.
• Domestic air passengers grew on
average 12.1% per year from 2006 to
2011, while international air
passengers grew 22.4% annually
within the same period.
• ASEAN Open Skies in 2015 will
further increase the demand of air
travels
Airline penetration levels
496
Population (m)
232 87 92 28 67 5
Source: Euromonitor
Indonesian Airports – Annual Domestic & International
Passengers 2006 to 2011
240
Source: DGCA, 2011
Emerging economies drive strong travel growth
25
• Worlds air transport double every 15 years and will double again in the next
15 years
• Indonesian air transport is forecast to double within 10 years Source: Airbus, 2012
Forecast for the Indonesian air transport sector
26 Source: Airbus, 2012
Over-capacity Problem at Indonesia Major Airports
27
Airport Existing pax.
(million/year) Exixting capa. (million/year)
Pax./capa. (%)
Medan 6.2 1 620.00
Pekanbaru 1.9 0.7 271.43
Tg. Pinang 0.15 0.1 150.00
Pontianak 1.5 0.875 171.43
Jakarta 51.5 22 234.10
Bangka 0.95 0.35 271.43
Jambi 0.8 0.25 320.00
Bandung 0.86 0.35 245.71
Palembang 2.1 1 210.00
Padang 1.8 1 180.00
Ngurah Rai 11.1 8 138.75
Surabaya 12 9 133.33
Sepinggan 5.1 1.4 364.29
Semarang 2 0.9 222.22
Banjarmasin 2.6 1.3 200.00
Kupang 0.93 0.26 357.69
Yogyakarta 3.7 1.1 336.36
Source: AP I & II, 2011 27
Airports Supporting MP3EI
28
• International airports to serve passengers and cargoes to other countries
• Domestic airports to become feeders for those international airports
Year 2020 International
Domestic
Year 2030 International
Domestic
Investment Schemes in The Airport Infrastructure Development
29
Airport Infrastructure Development
Existing Commercial Airports
Development
Greenfield
Airports
Non-Commercial Airports (small
airports, airstrips, etc.)
State Owned Enterprises
(Angkasa Pura I & II)
Public Private Partnership
(PPP) scheme
Government
Existing Commercial Airports Terminal Development
30 Source: AP I & II, 2011
Airport Existing
pax. Existing Capa.
Pax./Capa. Additional Capacity
Total capacity
Capacity expansion (percent) million/year million/year (percent) million/year million/year
Angkasa Pura 2
Kualanamu - Medan 6.2 1 620% 8 9 900%
St. Syarif Kasim II - Pekanbaru 1.9 0.7 271% 2.5 3.2 457%
RH. J Fisabilillah - Tg. Pinang 0.15 0.1 150% 1 1.1 1100%
Supadio - Pontianak 1.5 0.875 171% 3.2 4.0 466%
Soekarno Hatta - Jakarta 51.5 22 234% 40 62 282%
Depati Amir - Bangka 0.95 0.35 271% 1.3 1.65 471%
Sultan Thaha - Jambi 0.8 0.25 320% 1.5 1.75 700%
Husein Sastranegara - Bandung 0.86 0.35 246% 4 4.35 1243%
St. Mahmud Badarudin II - Palembang 2.1 1 210% 2.5 3.5 350%
Angkasa Pura 1
Ngurah Rai - Bali 11.1 8 139% 13 21 263%
Juanda - Surabaya 12 9 133% 4 13 144%
Sepinggan - Balikpapan 5.1 1.4 364% 10 11.4 814%
Ahmad Yani - Semarang 2 0.9 222% 3 3.5 389%
Syamsuddin Noor - Banjarmasin 2.6 1.3 200%
Eltari - Kupang 0.93 0.26 358%
Adi Sucipto - Yogyakarta 3.7 1.1 336%
Operating in 2012
Operating in 2013
Kualanamu Airport Bandung Airport Ngurah Rai Airport
Several Planned Greenfield Airports
31
Jakarta Multiple Airport
New Yogyakarta Airport New Bali Airport
New Non-Commercial Airport Development Plan
32
Muara Bungo
Bone
Morowali
Tojo Una2
Namniwel
Saumlaki Baru
Sinak Baru
Waghete Baru
Kuffar-Seram
Enggano
Tual Baru
Sumarorong
Waisai
Buntu Kunik
Medan Baru
Pekon Serai
Bawean Werur
Miangas
Muara Teweh
Kamanap
Moa
Segun
Operating in 2013
Operating in 2014
Operating in 2015
Total Budget: ±USD 224 million
Opportunities in Railway Transport Development
33
Source: National Railway Master Plan, 2010
Freight Access Rail to Port Development Plan
34
Network Development and Freight Access Rail to Port Services:
No Program Period
1 Tanjung Priok (DKI Jakarta) 2011-2013
2 Cirebon (West Java) 2011-2016
3 Tanjung Perak (East Java) 2011-2014
4 Tanjung Emas (Central Java) 2012-2015
5 Bojanegara (Banten) 2016-2018
Coal, Petrochemical Industrial Area
Metropolitan Jakarta
Petrochemical Industrial
Area
Metropolitan Surabaya
Food Manufacturing
Complex
Dockyard (biggest in Indonesia)
Legend
Operating rail
Built rail by 2030
Planned rail
Built High Speed Train (HST)
by 2020
Planned High Speed Train (HST)
Freight Access Rail to Port Development Plan
35
CPO
Rubber, CPO
CPO, Coal
No
. Program Period
1 Lhokseumawe (NAD) 2018-2020
2 Belawan (North Sumatra) 2011-2012
3 Tanjung Api-api (South Sumatra) 2018-2023
4 Dumai (Riau) 2019-2023
5 Teluk Bayur (West Sumatra) 2021-2025
6 Panjang (Lampung) 2018-2023
Network Development and Freight Access
Rail to Port Services:
Operating rail
Built rail by 2030
Planned rail
Muara Wahau – Bengalon Railway Development, East Kalimantan
36
Opportunities in Sea Transport Sector
37
Indonesia whose coastline extends to 54,716 km has waters in two-thirds of its
territory. Its sea transport is vital in supporting the economy and asserts a great need
in connecting its islands.
NTB
KENDARI
PONTIANAK
BITUNG
TEMBILAHAN
SORONG
JAYAPURA
TARAKAN
BONTANG
SAMARINDA
GORONTALO
TAYIN
TOLI TOLI
SANGKULIRANG
TANJUNG SELOR
SENGATA
BENGALON
BALIKPAPAN
DUMAI
MALAHAYATI
PALEMBANG
BIMA
BITUNG
TEMBILAHAN
TG. WANGI
Biringkasi
JAYAPURA
TARAKAN
BONTANG
SAMARINDA
KOTA BARU
GORONTALO
TAYIN
TOLI TOLI
SANGKULIRANG
TANJUNG SELOR
SENGATA
BENGALON
BALIKPAPAN
DUMAI
MALAHAYATI
PALEMBANG
DARWIN
BAGANSIAPIAPI
PEKANBARU
LEMBAR
BITUNG
TEMBILAHAN
Parepare
JAYAPURA
TARAKAN
BONTANG
SAMARINDA
GORONTALO
MUNTOK
PALU
TOLI TOLI
SANGKULIRANG
TANJUNG SELOR
SENGATA
BENGALON
BALIKPAPAN
DUMAI
MALAHAYATI
PALEMBANG
DARWIN
BAGANSIAPIAPI
PEKANBARU
KUPANG
TUAL
MAKASSAR
BITUNG
LAMPUNG
Tg. Pandan/Belitung
BATAM
TEMBILAHAN
JAYAPURA
Fa
kfa
k
TARAKAN
BONTANG
GORONTALO
Poso
TOLI TOLI
SANGKULIRANG
TANJUNG SELOR
SENGATA
BENGALON
BALIKPAPAN
BELAWAN
LHOKSEUMAWE
DUMAI
MALAHAYATI
PALEMBANG
DARWIN
BAGANSIAPIAPI
SIAK
MERAUKE
PANJANG
MALAYSIA
SIBOLGA
NUNUKAN
TG. PINANG
KUMAII
KETAPANG
Ende
BAWEAN
P. Simeulue
P. Banyak
Lahewa
Afulu
Solanakak Sirombu
Sehe Tl.Dalam
Tapak Tuan
P. TelloBoluta
SaeruSigologolo
Singapokna Sinaki
Sikabaluan SrilaguiM.Saibi Siberut
Saumanuk
Sioban
Berilau
BENGKULU
Letung
Tarempa
Midai
SINTETE
Serasan
SedanauRanai
Tambelan
P. Kerayan
Marabatuan
Maradapan
Masalembo
PULANG PISAUPegatan
Bahaur Maliku
Makalehi
LipangKawalusoMatutuang
Kawio
Marore
MiangasKaratung
KakorotanGemeEssang
RainisBeo Melonguane
LirungMangarang
Pehe
Biaro
Kolonedale
Ampana
Popolii
PAGIMANA
Bonerate
Jampea
Kayuadi
Selayar
Batu atas
Papalia
(P.Binongko)
Usuku(P.Tomia)Burunga (P.Kaledupa)
Banabungi
RahaMaligan
Sikeli
Boepinang
KolakaLarearea/
Sinjai
Watunoho
NaikliuWini
Attapupu
Maritaim
Wo
nre
li/
Kis
ar
Ndao
Sabu
Raijua
Mpokot
AMBONLeksula
Namrole Ulim
a/
P.A
mb
ala
u
Am
ah
ai
To
he
ru
Kobisonta/
Kobisadar
Bula
We
rina
ma
Ba
nd
a
Fafanlap
Waigama/
Misol
Ge
se
r
Go
rom
/
On
do
r
P.KesuiP. TiorKaimer
P.KurP. Toyando
Ela
t
SAUMLAKI
Tutu Kembong
Larat
P. Molu
Seira
Batu Goyang
Kalar kalar
Benjina
Dobo
Upisera
Ilwa
ki Le
tiM
oa
Lakor
Le
lan
g/
Ma
ha
lea
t
Te
pa
Ma
se
laK
roin
g
Ad
au
t
Am
ah
ai
Se
rua
Nila
Te
on
Be
ba
r/
Wu
lur
Ge
la
Sanana
Indari BesuiMafaWedaKayoa
Gita
MotiTifure
Mayau
Dama TobeloDaruba
Berebere
LolasitaWayamliBuli
PenitiBicoli
Wasilei
Gemia
Pomako
Wanam
Kimaam
Nabire
WarenBabo
Bintuni
MANOKWARI
SausaporBIAK
SeruiTeba
Sarmi
D. Rombebai
Trimuris
Kasonaweja
Koweda
Kaipuri
Poom
Sa
rib
i
We
rur
Are
fi
Meosmengkara
Teminabuan
KoridoJenggerbun
Miosbipondi
P. Mafia
Wapoga
Asiki
Gententiri
Ampera
Tanah merah
Bu
la
R - 1
Ket : Pelabuhan Pangkal Perintis
R - 5 R - 8
R - 10
R – 13
R - 14 R - 15 R - 24
R – 25
R - 28
R – 33
R - 35
Tl. Bayur
J
AYAPURA
R - 3
R - 4 R - 7
R - 6 R - 9
R - 12
R - 11
R - 16
R – 17
R - 18R - 19
R - 20
R – 21
R - 22
R - 23 R - 26
R - 27
R – 29
R - 30
R - 31R - 32
R - 34
R - 36
R – 37
R - 38
R - 39
R - 40
R – 41
R - 42
R - 43
R - 44
R – 45
R - 46
R - 47
SORONG
BIAKTERNATESAUMLAKI
TUAL
AMBONKUPANG
KENDARI
Makassar
Pagimana
Tahuna
BITUNG
Surabaya
P. Pisau
Kotabararu
Sintete
Tg.Pinang
Bengkulu
R - 2
MANOKWARI
R - 48R - 49R - 50R - 51R - 52R - 53R - 54R - 55R - 56R - 57R - 58
Ket : Trayek PT. PelniPELNI Routes
Pioneering Routes
Domestically, trade routes are vibrant and growing fast (Inter-island trade has been growing with 37% CAGR in the last 5 years)
38
Fast growing, vibrant domestic trade routes
= Selected major domestic goods routes (MT/yr)
Inter-island trade has increased ~5x from 638 Mn Ton
in 2006 to 3,153 Mn Ton in 2011
39 MT
70% CAGR
9 MT
18% CAGR
10 MT
36% CAGR
56 MT
35% CAGR
74 MT
40% CAGR
13 MT
85% CAGR
66 MT
6% CAGR
18 MT
27% CAGR
2 MT
70% CAGR
2 MT
96% CAGR
2 MT
52% CAGR
8 MT
73% CAGR
8 MT
2% CAGR
20 MT
50% CAGR
51 MT
66% CAGR
Note: Province to province origin-destination goods flow for all means of transportation (sea, air, land), CAGR 2006-2011 Source: OD Matrix - Ministry of Transportation 2006 and 2011
Container Traffic Projection in Major Ports in Indonesia, 2009-2030
39
TANJUNG PRIOK
21.239.900 TEUs
TANJUNG PERAK
9.444.700 TEUs
BELAWAN
4.810.400 TEUs
TANJUNG EMAS
3.114.600 TEUs
MAKASSAR
2.469.900 TEUs TELUK BAYUR
PEKANBARU
BATAM
PALEMBANG
PANJANG
PONTIANAK
BANJARMASIN
BALIKPAPAN
BITUNG
SORONG
JAYAPURA
Source: MoT, 2012
Port Development within the Economic Corridors
40
1. Sabang
2. Belawan
3. Dumai
4. Batam (Batu Ampar/
Sekupang/ Kabil/
Lobam)
5. Tg. Balai Karimun
6. Teluk Bayur
7. Tua Pejat
8. Palembang
9. Panjang
10. Bojonegara
11. Tg. Priok
12. Tg. Intan
13. Tg. Emas
14. Tg. Perak
SUMATERA : JAVA :
15. Benoa
16. Tenau Kupang
BALI – NUSA TENGGARA :
17. Pontianak
18. Balikpapan
19.Sampit
20. Banjarmasin
21. Mekar Putih
KALIMANTAN :
22. Makassar
23. Pantoloan
24. Bitung
SULAWESI :
25. Ambon
26. Ternate
27. Sorong
28. Jayapura
29. Merauke
PAPUA – MALUKU :
47 Designated Ports for ASEAN Connectivity (14 in Indonesia)
41 Source: JICA Study on Guidelines for Assessing Port Development Priorities 2009
: Indonesia’s Ports
BIDDING PROCESS
• Development of Cruise Terminal in Tanah Ampo
• Surabaya West Access Channel
PRIORITY PROJECTS
• Cilamaya Port Development Project
• Pelaihari Port Development Project
• Maloy Port Development Project
POTENTIAL PROJECTS
• Garongkong Port Development Project
• Bau-bau Port Development Project
• Luwuk (Tangkiang) Port Development Project
• Probolinggo Port Development Project
• Makassar New Port Development Project
PPP Projects in Port Sector
42
Optimization Shipping Services
43
Indonesia has 70 major ports functioning as commercial ports
However, restricted by the limited access draft and lack of proper port handling facilities, majority of these ports in Indonesia only serve by container vessels with carrying capacity of 300 TEUs to 500 TEUs and operate single loop shipping services
The development of an optimal East West Shipping corridor would reduce the transport cost, therefore unlock the economic growth for regions like Sumatera, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and Papua
Current Domestic Shipping Network Optimal Domestic Shipping Corridor
Source: Drewry, 2012
Pendulum Nusantara: Reducing domestic transportation cost by building national container backbone
44
Batam
Belawan
Malahayati
Padang Jambi
Palembang
P. Bai
Panjang T. Priok
Banten
Cirebon
Semarang
Banjarmasin
Pontianak Balikpapan
Samarinda
Bitung
Makasar
Kupang Benoa
Surabaya
Ambon
Sorong
Biak
Jayapura
Timika
Merauke
P. Baru
"Pendulum Nusantara", proposed plan to boost national domestic trade
These don't mean exclusive port development in these
locations
Source: IPC, 2012
Indonesia Main Sea Corridor, West – East Pendulum
45
BELAWAN
BATAM
TJ PROK
SURABAYA MAKASAR
SORONG
Loop Aceh
Loop
Pantai
Timur
Sumatera
Loop
Babel and
West
Kalimantan Loop East
Kalimantan
Loop West
Sulawesi
Loop East
Nusatenggara Loop West
Nusatenggara
Loop North-
East Sulawesi
and North
Maluku
Loop Maluku
and South-
West Papua
Loop North
Papua
Loop Pantai Barat
Sumatera
Main Sea-Corridor
The Integrated Pendulum Service would reduce the average shipping costs
46
Prior to the Pendulum Service
Source: IPC, 2012 With the Pendulum Service
Future containership designs The trend toward bigger and bigger container ships is continuing….
47
0
2.000
4.000
6.000
8.000
10.000
12.000
14.000
16.000
18.000
20.000
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Indonesia Domestic Container Ship
(1800 TEU)
Inbound International Container Ships
Entering Indonesia (5000 TEU) L “Lica” Class (3400 TEU)
R “Regina” Class (6000 TEU)
S “Sovereign” Class (8000 TEU)
E “Emma” Class (12500 TEU)
“Triple E” Class (18000 TEU)
In 40 years, the capacity of container ships grew six fold. Source: Rodrigue, J-P (2011)
Port Infrastructure Development along Pendulum Nusantara
48
Hard Infrastructure
MINIMUM REQUIREMENT BELAWAN BATAM JAKARTA SURABAYA MAKASSAR SORONG
Chanel (mLws)
-13 - 10,5 -15 -13 -7,5 - 13 N/A
Berth (Length/ Depth)
300 / -13 400 / -10 350 / - 9 400 / -13 450 / - 7,5 850 / -11 N/A
Yard (Hectare)
6 8 6 10 5,6 11,5 N/A
Equipment (Container Crane Post Panamax)
4 4 - 4 4 5 N/A
Belawan Batam Sorong
PORT LOCATION
Source: IPC, 2012
49
Concluding Remarks
Indonesia is an enormous, growing
market. With its productive
workforce, growing middle class, it
has the capital to grow to be one of
the largest economies in the world.
There are abundant business
opportunities in growing markets
as demand increases, driving more
consumption, and thus requiring
new or improved infrastructure to
support it.
Thank You
50
Indonesia: Country Profile
51
Land area
Indonesia has total land of 1.8 million sq. km
and water of 0.9 million sq. km
The archipelago state is consist of 17,508
islands, among which 6,000 are inhabited
Total land boundary is 2.8 thousand km and
total coastline is 54.7 thousand km
Population
Indonesia’s population is estimated as
245.6 billion in 2011.
It is the 4th largest country in terms of
population, after China, India and
United States
Overview of Indonesia’s Economic Development
52
In the past decade, Indonesia’s economy has constantly outpaced the average world
economy, even in the crisis years of 2008-2009
Source: IMF
Figure 1.2: Historical Indonesian GDP development 2003-2010
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
-
500.000
1.000.000
1.500.000
2.000.000
2.500.000
3.000.000
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
GDP
Growth %
CAGR (%)
5.4
3.4
-
1,00
2,00
3,00
4,00
5,00
6,00
7,00
2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2012
World GDP Growth
Indonesian GDP Growth
Figure 1.2: Historical Indonesian GDP development 2003-2010
5.4
Strong Indonesia GDP growth
Indonesian economy maintained
an average 5.4% annual growth
during the period of 2001 to 2012.
During this period Indonesian
GDP growth has constantly
outpaced average World GDP
growth.
In the 2009 downturn, the world
economy saw negative growth,
where as Indonesian GDP growth
still remained at 4.5%, and 2010,
Indonesian GDP growth rate has
bounced back to 6%
The GDP growth was driven
primarily by the combination of
large volume of foreign investment
and the private consumption
thanks to the countries vast
population.
Summary of Development Themes of Indonesia Economic Development Corridors
53
“Production, Agriculture, and National Energy
Center” “Production, Mining, and National Energy Center”
'‘Production, Agriculture, Plantation and Fishery
Center”
'‘Gateway to National Tourism and National Food Annex''
“National Industry and Services Enhancer”
'‘National Agricultuire, Fishery,
Energy, and Mining Center
Source: MP3EI, 2011
Intra-island, Inter-island, and International Connectivities
54
LOCAL Connectivity NATIONAL Connectivity GLOBAL Connectivity
Intra-island Inter-island International
Indonesia International
Gateway
Asia
Europe
America
Town Island
Island
Island
Town
Town
Town
Town
Town
Town
Town
City
City
City
City
City
Within Growth Centers (urban)
Between Growth Centers (sub-regions)
Locally Integrated, Globally Connected
Passenger Traffic Forecast at Jakarta Airport
55
5.3
3.7
3.8 4.6
4.5 4.9 4.8 5.6 5.8 611.3 13.4 14.2
18.423.9
31.1
8.6 5.1 4.4 6.1 6.7 9.114.9
19 20.7 24.5
40.1 47.4 50.2
65.3
84.8
110.3
13.98.8 8.2 10.7 11.2 14
19.724.6 26.5
30.5
51.560.7 64.4
83.7
108.8
141.4
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2011 2014 2015 2020 2025 2030
Int'l
Dom
Total
Krisis Moneter
Actual 2011
Million pax
Deregulation
FORECAST
• Jakarta Airport registered phenomenal growth rates for 2011 in excess of 15%
as compared to 2010. (44.4 million pax in 2010 to 51.5 million pax in 2011)
Monetary Crisis
Source: AP II, 2012
Sei Mangkei Railway Development
56
• Sei Mangkei Industrial Area is a CPO-based industrial area occupying a land of 2,003 ha.
• There is a palm kernel oil processing plant with a capacity of 400 tons per day
• To enhance its logistics, a 25-km railway plan connecting the industrial area to Kuala Tanjung
Port is currently being developed.
Opportunities in Urban Transport Development
57
Source: CMEA, 2011
MEBIDANGRO
Population : 3.9 million
Area : 2,750 km2
JABODETABEK
Population : 21 million
Area : 6,580 km2
BANDUNG RAYA
Population : 9.8 million
Area : 1,124 km2
GERBANG KERTASUSILA
Population : 6.7 million
Area : 2,154 km2
SARBAGITA
Population : 1.4 million
Area : 724 km2
MAMMINASATA
Population : 2.4 million
Area : 2,462 km2
Most of the urban areas are located in the western part of Indonesia. There are 6 major
cities that in total have 20 percent nationwide population occupying 8.6 percent of the
country’s land.
Urban Railway Development Initiatives
58
30km
Jabodetabek
Bandung Surabaya
Source: MoT, 2011
Medan
Belawan Port
Kualanamu
Airport