Individual Beach Assessments: Mumbai District › ... › Mumbai-BMP.pdf · Mumbai and Thane...

Maharashtra Shoreline Management Plan 2017

Individual Beach Assessments: Mumbai District

Maharashtra Maritime Board

Government of Maharashtra

Prepared by

Sanctuary Beach Pte Ltd

Singapore

June 2017

Beach Number

Beach Name Recommended Action

Mumbai and Thane Districts

D84 Girgaon Chowpatti Potential for extending the nourishment around the Back Bay Potential for extending the nourishment around the Back Bay

D85 Priyadarshani park No action. Potential for headland extension from the south on the existing shallow offshore rock ledge to reduce monsoon wave impacts plus nourishment, preferably with a coarser grain size.

D86 Dadar Beach nourishment, improve Mithi River discharge water quality and potential marina development

D87 Juhu Beach management with public facilities

D88 Versova No action. Medium sand in the bay near the river has potential for nourishment.

D89 Aksa Beach management with public facilities

E90 Gorai Improve public facilities

Note: Priority beaches are shown in red colour

Chowpatti Beach (Site D84) Mumbai District Girgaon Village MCMG

Maharashtra Maritime Board Government of Maharashtra

Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management

Investment Program – Tranche 1

June 2017

Maharashtra

Shoreline

Management

Plan


Singapore

Site Description

Famous Necklace beach with the shoreline protected by concrete tetrapods and a nourished Chowpatti beach in the north corner. Major city beach with high value real estate and boardwalk. Partially sheltered from monsoon waves but overtopping in storms. International communication cables, port and naval base.

Coastal Protection Action Potential for extending the nourishment around the Bay.

-9

-4

1

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

Ele

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(m)

Distance(m)

Girgaon beach profile

(arbitrary datum)

y = -0.0785x + 6.0698 R² = 0.9936

-5

-4

-3

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1

60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140

Ele

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(m)

Distance(m)

Girgaon beach face slope

Girgaon beach General Description of Beach

Latitude: 18.9538 Longitude: 72.8127

Length 800 m Orientation 288 Beach face slope 1:12

Width Monsoon 125 Width non-monsoon 150 m

Northern headland Length 2513 m Dist to beach centre 1075 m

Southern headland Length 6135 m Dist to beach centre 3216 m

Sediments

Sediment Sand Colour White

Mean grain size 0.173 mm Median grain size 0.162 mm 90% grain size 0.356 mm

Water levels

2050 Storm surge 1:50 year event

0.68 2050 Storm surge 1:100 year event


0.87

Sea level rise 2050 37.64 Sea level rise 2100 116.64

Spring amplitude 1.725 Neap amplitude 0.618 Sum constituents 2.650 m

MSL above CD 2.5 m

Tidal Constituents

Name Period (hours)

Amplitude (m)

Phase (o to GMT) Spring tide = M2+S2 Neap tide = M2-S2 Tidal constants taken from “WebTide” Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Fisheries and Oceans Canada. Storm surge and sea level rise assumes RCP8.5 scenario. Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) are greenhouse gas concentration trajectories adopted by the Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) of the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

O1 23.66 0.203 337.042

K1 24.56 0.400 335.600

M2 12.45 1.171 175.592

S2 12.00 0.553 193.148

N2 12.67 0.285 166.775

M4 6.14 0.026 289.316

Primary uses of the beach Tourism

Unique environmentally-sensitive attributes None

Erosion risk to infrastructure (houses/commercial buildings /road/water/electricity networks)

Minor

Flooding risk to agricultural land None

Beach loss or gain noticed by the community in the last 5 years No erosion

Natural coastal protection structures Bay environment, rock reef and headland

Engineered coastal protection structures Seawall

Engineered coastal structures causing erosion None

Nearest river, estuary (distance and name) Thane Creek

Dredging volumes from the river/entrance and proposed dredging None

Nearest fishery harbor Colaba port

Dredging volumes from the fishery harbor/channels and proposed dredging

Information not available

Nature of dredged materials and disposal location Information not available

Major infrastructure within 1 km landward of the beach Commercial buildings, roads

Major storm water drains to beach Natural drainage

Fishing intensity and activities (Boat seine, beach seine, mechanized boats)

Minor (boat seine)

Number of fishing boats stored on the beach Less than 10

Beach access for fisher community Yes

Road access to beach Yes

Existing tourist attractions (water sports, beach activities, historical/cultural, religious places)

Beach visit, historical building

Car parking facilities Small parking area

Beach visitor intensity Major

Accidents (drowning, boat collapse reported in the past 5 years) None

Beach cleanliness Fair

Beach management practices (solid waste management, life guards, toilets, freshwater, shades)

Lifeguard building construction in progress

High-tide beach face - sediment grain size distribution

Where can I find more information?

Maharashtra Maritime Board https://mahammb.maharashtra.gov.in/1149/Sustainable-Coastal-Protection-Project

Referencing this document: Black, K.P., Mathew, J. and Anjali, S. (2017) The Maharashtra Shoreline Management Plan. Sanctuary

Beach (Singapore), Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management Investment Program – Tranche 1, Maharashtra Maritime Board,

Mumbai, India.

Acknowledgments: Project Management Unit (MMB) for their coordination of the Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management

Investment Program. RMSI (Noida) prepared the land use maps. HOV Environment (Pune) helped with the field data collection.

National Centre for Earth Science Studies (Trivandrum) for the grain size analyses.

Priyadarshani Park (Site D85) Mumbai District Grant road Village MCMG




June 2017

Maharashtra

Shoreline

Management

Plan


Singapore

Site Description

Small popular city beach with rounded shape and adjacent parks. Rock ledges and a small headland. Open to monsoon waves.

Coastal Protection Action No action. Potential for headland extension from the south on the existing shallow offshore rock ledge to reduce monsoon wave impacts plus nourishment, preferably with a coarser grain size.

-5

0

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

Ele

vati

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(m)

Distance(m)

Priyadarshani park beach profile

(arbitrary datum)

y = -0.063x - 1.54 R² = 0.9692

-4.5

-4

-3.5

-3

-2.5

-2

20 25 30 35 40 45

Ele

vati

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(m)

Distance(m)

Priyadarshani park beach face slope

Priyadarshani park beach General Description of Beach






Sediments

Sediment Sand and Pebble Colour Black


Water levels




0.87



MSL above CD 2.5 m

Tidal Constituents

Name Period (hours)

Amplitude (m)


O1 23.66 0.204 335.774

K1 24.56 0.399 334.422

M2 12.45 1.135 174.412

S2 12.00 0.535 191.387

N2 12.67 0.277 164.941

M4 6.14 0.016 300.854

Primary uses of the beach Tourism and Fishing



Major

Flooding risk to agricultural land Minor

Beach loss or gain noticed by the community in the last 5 years Ongoing erosion

Natural coastal protection structures Rock ledges



Nearest river, estuary (distance and name) None

Dredging volumes from the river/entrance and proposed dredging No dredging

Nearest fishery harbor None


No dredging

Nature of dredged materials and disposal location No dredging

Major infrastructure within 1 km landward of the beach Private properties, hospital, park

Major storm water drains to beach City drainage


Medium (boat seine)

Number of fishing boats stored on the beach Less than 35




Priyadarsini Park

Car parking facilities No space for parking

Beach visitor intensity Medium

Accidents (drowning, boat collapse reported in the past 5 years) 4 drowned



Waste management

Mid-tide beach face - sediment grain size distribution





Mumbai, India.




Dadar Beach (Site D86) Mumbai District Dadar Village MCMG




June 2017

Maharashtra

Shoreline

Management

Plan


Singapore

Site Description

Shallow rounded embayment with a large river in the north discharging chemical and plastic pollution. Bay is shallow with numerous sandbanks. Heavily armoured with a rock seawall. Popular domestic destination servicing the large Mumbai population. Demand for a better beach. Only short sections of beach for the public of narrow width at high tide. Major infrastructure surrounds the Bay and fishing landing centres and boats. Culturally important site with Forts and Indian monument.

Coastal Protection Action Potential for beach nourishment and marina development with river exiting further offshore to improve water quality.

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0

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Ele

vati

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(m)

Distance(m)

Dadar Beach profile

(arbitrary datum)

y = -0.0682x - 0.3733 R² = 0.9231

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0 10 20 30 40 50 60

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Distance(m)

Dadar beach face slope

Dadar beach General Description of Beach



Width Monsoon 0 Width non-monsoon



Sediments

Sediment Sand and Pebble Colour Offwhite


Water levels




1.99



MSL above CD 2.5 m

Tidal Constituents

Name Period (hours)

Amplitude (m)


O1 23.66 0.205 336.255

K1 24.56 0.402 334.986

M2 12.45 1.182 176.268

S2 12.00 0.557 193.556

N2 12.67 0.287 166.917

M4 6.14 0.017 288.784

Primary uses of the beach Tourism and fishing



High

Flooding risk to agricultural land None


Natural coastal protection structures Shallow nearshore and bay environment

Engineered coastal protection structures Seawalls

Engineered coastal structures causing erosion Seawalls

Nearest river, estuary (distance and name) Mithi river

Dredging volumes from the river/entrance and proposed dredging Small quantity from Mithi river entrance

Nearest fishery harbor Mahim Jetty




Major infrastructure within 1 km landward of the beach Private and commercial buildings, hospital

Major storm water drains to beach Artificial drainage at many places


Major (boat seine and mechanized boats)

Number of fishing boats stored on the beach Approximately 150




Mahim fort, Shivaji Park, beach use


Beach visitor intensity High

Accidents (drowning, boat collapse reported in the past 5 years) Unknown

Beach cleanliness Poor


Waste management






Mumbai, India.




Juhu Beach (Site D87) Mumbai District Juhu Village MCGM




June 2017

Maharashtra

Shoreline

Management

Plan


Singapore

Site Description

A rounded Mumbai embayment exposed to the monsoon. Polluted city river in the north and another in the centre of the bay. Inundation prone and heavily armoured around the shoreline. Densely populated with sections of sandy beach that are very popular with 10’s of thousands of people coming to the beach. Proposed coastal road development on a remaining sandy zone.

Coastal Protection Action Beach management with public facilities.

-5

0

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

Ele

vati

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(m)

Distance(m)

Juhu beach profile

(arbitrary datum)

y = -0.0298x - 0.7828 R² = 0.9932

-4.5

-4

-3.5

-3

-2.5

-2

-1.5

20 40 60 80 100 120 140

Ele

vati

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(m)

Distance(m)

Juhu beach face slope

Juhu beach General Description of Beach



Width Monsoon 25 m Width non-monsoon 50 m



Sediments



Water levels




0.85



MSL above CD 2.5 m

Tidal Constituents

Name Period (hours)

Amplitude (m)


O1 23.66 0.206 336.510

K1 24.56 0.405 335.369

M2 12.45 1.214 178.070

S2 12.00 0.572 195.491

N2 12.67 0.295 168.670

M4 6.14 0.019 278.968




Medium

Flooding risk to agricultural land Medium

Beach loss or gain noticed by the community in the last 5 years Seasonal width variation

Natural coastal protection structures Headland

Engineered coastal protection structures Sewalls


Nearest river, estuary (distance and name) Malad creek

Dredging volumes from the river/entrance and proposed dredging Information not available

Nearest fishery harbor Versova Jetty




Major infrastructure within 1 km landward of the beach Private and commercial properties



Major (boat seine and mechanized boats)(at south)





Beach use


Beach visitor intensity High


Beach cleanliness Fair in the south and poor in the north


Waste management






Mumbai, India.




Versova Beach (Site D88) Mumbai District Versova Village MCGM




June 2017

Maharashtra

Shoreline

Management

Plan


Singapore

Site Description

The north end of Juhu Beach, which is a rounded Mumbai embayment exposed to the monsoon. Polluted city river in the north and another in the centre of the bay. Narrow beach of fine sand with armouring. Densely populated zone in the north. Inundation prone. Proposed coastal road development on a remaining sandy zone at south Versova. Sand spit at the river entrance.

Coastal Protection Action No action. Medium sand in the bay near the river has potential for nourishment.

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-2

0

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Ele

vati

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(m)

Distance(m)

Versova beach profile

(arbitrary datum)

y = -0.0711x - 0.0727 R² = 0.9716

-4

-3

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0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Ele

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(m)

Distance(m)

Versova beach face slope

Versova Beach General Description of Beach





Southern headland Length Inlet Dist to beach centre m

Sediments



Water levels




0.88



MSL above CD 2.5 m

Tidal Constituents

Name Period (hours)

Amplitude (m)


O1 23.66 0.206 336.586

K1 24.56 0.406 333.448

M2 12.45 1.222 178.512

S2 12.00 0.576 195.986

N2 12.67 0.297 169.089

M4 6.14 0.019 277.427

Primary uses of the beach Tourism and Fishing



Major



Natural coastal protection structures Headland



Nearest river, estuary (distance and name) Malad creek


Nearest fishery harbor Versova jetty


A proposal by MMB to dredge the Malad creek entrance

Nature of dredged materials and disposal location Sand and clay

Major infrastructure within 1 km landward of the beach Private and commercial properties



Major (boat seine and mechanized seine)





None


Beach visitor intensity Major


Beach cleanliness Fair in the south and poor in the north


Waste management






Mumbai, India.




Aksa Beach (Site D89) Mumbai District Aksa Village MCGM




June 2017

Maharashtra

Shoreline

Management

Plan


Singapore

Site Description

Quality city sandy beach wider in the south. Fed by sand from the large river in the north. Popular with domestic tourists for the wide sandy zone. Small river in the south creates an inlet.

Coastal Protection Action Beach management with public facilities.

-5

0

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

Ele

vati

on

(m)

Distance(m)

Aksa beach profile

(arbitrary datum)

y = -0.0629x + 4.7571 R² = 0.9748

-3.5

-3

-2.5

-2

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0

80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125

Ele

vati

on

(m)

Distance(m)

Aksa beach face slope

Aksa beach General Description of Beach






Sediments

Sediment Sand Colour Offwhite


Water levels




0.87



MSL above CD 2.53 m

Tidal Constituents

Name Period (hours)

Amplitude (m)


O1 23.66 0.207 336.692

K1 24.56 0.407 335.562

M2 12.45 1.233 179.137

S2 12.00 0.581 196.690

N2 12.67 0.299 169.685

M4 6.14 0.019 275.032

Primary uses of the beach Tourism



Minor



Natural coastal protection structures Headland, Rocky outcrops

Engineered coastal protection structures None


Nearest river, estuary (distance and name) Manori creeek

Dredging volumes from the river/entrance and proposed dredging Proposal by MMB to dradge Manori Creek entrance and channels

Nearest fishery harbor None


Proposal by MMB to dradge Manori Creek entrance and channels

Nature of dredged materials and disposal location Clay and silt

Major infrastructure within 1 km landward of the beach INS Hamla at north



No fishing

Number of fishing boats stored on the beach No fishing

Beach access for fisher community No fishing



None




Beach cleanliness Good


Waste management






Mumbai, India.




Gorai Beach (Site E90) Thane District Gorai Village Gorai Panchayat




June 2017

Maharashtra

Shoreline

Management

Plan


Singapore

Site Description

Very low gradient beach with a mixture of rock seawalls, offshore breakwaters for fishing ports, salient and rock ledges. The south around the Gorai pier is densely populated. The beach is arcuate in the north and more irregular due to the islands and reefs at the south. Prone to inundation. No large rivers, beach is narrow in places and open to the monsoon.

Coastal Protection Action Improve public facilities.

-2

0

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Ele

vati

on

(m)

Distance(m)

Gorai beach profile

(arbitrary datum)

y = -0.0092x - 0.3027 R² = 0.962

-2

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Ele

vati

on

(m)

Distance(m)

Gorai beach face slope

Gorai beach General Description of Beach






Sediments

Sediment Sand and clay Colour Black


Water levels




0.83



MSL above CD 2.53 m

Tidal Constituents

Name Period (hours)

Amplitude (m)


O1 23.66 0.208 336.908

K1 24.56 0.410 335.802

M2 12.45 1.254 180.436

S2 12.00 0.590 198.116

N2 12.67 0.304 170.905

M4 6.14 0.019 271.323




Minor


Beach loss or gain noticed by the community in the last 5 years Seasonal width variation

Natural coastal protection structures Headland, Rock ledges, Islands (south)



Nearest river, estuary (distance and name) Tiroda creek


Nearest fishery harbor Goarai Jetty




Major infrastructure within 1 km landward of the beach Jetty



Major (boat seine and mechanized boats)

Number of fishing boats stored on the beach Approx 150




None

Car parking facilities No parking space





Waste management option






Mumbai, India.




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