Indigenous Peoples, Poverty and Development Harry Anthony Patrinos World Bank March 2013.
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Transcript of Indigenous Peoples, Poverty and Development Harry Anthony Patrinos World Bank March 2013.
Motivation• Research for Latin America:
– Higher poverty rates among indigenous
– Little to no improvement in incomes– Improved social indicators
• No comparative work in other regions
• Request by UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues
USA/Canada
South America
Mexico/Central America
Arabia
Africa
Southeast Asia
South Asia
China
1
4
4
5
7
10
32
36
(% of world total)
Indigenous by Country/Region
Probability of Being Poor
Indigenous Non-indigenous AllHousehold head years of schooling0 77 24 526 45 9 1612 10 2 216 2 0 0Household head work sector
Agriculture 53 19
Services 15 1 2
Significantly higher if indigenous, as shown, for example, in Vietnam (2006)
Vietnam: Impact of Shocks
Significant dip in years of schooling during the Vietnam War
Ethnic majority
Ethnic minority
4
6
8
10
1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985Year of birth
Policy Implications• Indigenous ‘poorest of the poor’
• Results from Asia important nuance
• Indigenous poorer, but not consistent global story
• Widespread sustained growth brought millions of indigenous out of poverty in Asia