Indicators of Sustainable Development Their Practical Application.
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Transcript of Indicators of Sustainable Development Their Practical Application.
![Page 1: Indicators of Sustainable Development Their Practical Application.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032709/56649ebf5503460f94bc9a76/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Indicators of Sustainable Development
Their Practical Application
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Today’s Presentation
• What Canada is doing on indicators of sustainable development
• Where is this work leading?
• Practical applications: – Sustainable Development Strategies– the case of indicators for sustainable tourism
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What has Canada been doing?
• Environmental indicators series development evolving since 1989 at Environment Canada
• Indicators recognized as a tool to measure progress toward sustainable development
• Currently, 11 key issues of national significance reported upon in the national indicators series in four categories
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The Framework
• Ecological Life-support systems
• Human Health & Well-Being
• Natural Resources Sustainability
• Pervasive Influencing Factors
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Ecological Life-Support Systems
• Stratospheric Ozone Depletion
• Climate Change
• Toxic Contaminants in the Environment: Persistent Organochlorines
• Acid Rain
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Human Health and Well-Being
• Urban Air Quality
• Urban Water: Municipal water use and wastewater treatment
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Natural Resources Sustainability
• Sustaining Canada’s Forests: –Timber Harvesting–Forest Biodiversity
• Sustaining Marine Resources–Pacific Herring
• Environmental Sustainability: Canada’s Agricultural Soils
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Pervasive Influencing Factors
• Canadian Passenger Transportation
• Energy Consumption
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Sample:Urban Air Quality
• Indicators:– number of days ground level ozone
exceeds objective– levels of inhalable airborne particles
in Canadian cities– toxic substances in Canadian urban
air: Benzene
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Website
• Http://www1.ec.gc.ca/~ind
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What will Canada be doing?
• Currently embarking on a three year project to develop and pilot test a national set of SD indicators being led by NRTEE
• Will draw upon input from variety of organizations and build upon environmental indicator series work
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What will Canada be doing? (Cont)
• Phase 1: Determine approach to measure progress toward SD - broad consultations key
• Phase 2: Develop specific indicators
• Phase 3: Test proposed indicators
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What are Indicators - in practical terms?
• indicators are signals of
– upcoming situations or problems
– current issues
– need for action– results of our actions
• certain data or information become indicators when their relevance becomes understood– “red sky at night…sailor’s delight”– health of canary in the coal mine
– increased smoke from a volcano
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How Indicators
can help reduce
the risk of
damaging the
natural resource
base
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Tactics for Risk Reduction
• improve knowledge of likely risks
• establish effective audit and monitoring systems
• provide better information to those potentially affected
• formalize accountability and reporting regimes
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Federal Sustainable Development Strategies (SDS)• Addresses legal, economic, social and
environmental risks– A legal requirement– Supports rigorous performance target setting– Derives from scan of SD issues relevant to each
department– Supports preparation of environmental management
systems– Commissioner of Environment and Sustainable
Development
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Barriers to Success of SDS Implementation
• Senior management support
• Lack of agreement over terminology (what IS ‘sustainable development’?)
• Lack of ‘SMART’ targets
• Lack of indicators implementation capacity
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The Example
of Indicators
for Sustainable
Tourism
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THE RISK: NOT KNOWING HOW
MANY TOURISTS ARE TOO
MANY
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First Question
• What is it we wish to sustain?
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Why Indicators for Sustainable Tourism?
• Tourism sector decision-makers need to know
– the links between tourism and the environment
– the effects of environmental factors on tourism
– the impacts of the industry on the environment
• The objective is to reduce future risks to the tourism industry and to destinations
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Useful types of Indicators
• early warning indicators • indicators of stresses on the system • measures of current state of industry• measures of industry impacts • measures of management effort • measures of management effect
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Good indicators are:
• Understandable
• Timely and accessible
• Meaningful to real decisions
• Reliable
• Reveal important changes
• Generally accepted
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Indicator Requirements at Different Levels
• national level base indicators
• indicators at level of specific locations
• targeting of hot spots within larger locations
• project level indicators
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The Benefits of Good Indicators
• better decision-making - lowering risk or cost• identification of emerging issues - allowing prevention• identification of impacts - allowing preventative action• support sustainable development - identifying limits and
opportunities• allow for accountability - you cannot take responsibility
without knowledge
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Classes of Indicator
• Core Indicators
• Composite Indices
• Ecosystem Specific Indicators
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Core Indicator (samples)
• Stress– Tourist numbers visiting site
(per annum/peak month)
• Social Impact– Ratio of tourists to local residents
(peak period)
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Composite Indices (sample)
• Carrying Capacity
– Composite early warning measure of key factors affecting the ability of the site to support different levels of tourism
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Prince Edward Island, Canada
• warm water, sandy beach• heavy swimming use in summer• national park protects
shore zone• intensive development of park periphery zone
for tourism• concern over uncontrolled
development /habitat stress• key indicators: peak use levels, water supply,
sewage disposal, habitat stress
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Ecosystem Specific Indicators
• Respond to specific risks found in typical tourism destinations of different types
• Supplement the core indicators
• Mountains/Traditional Communities/Cultural Sites/Unique Ecological Sites/Coastal Zones
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Coastal Zones (Sample)Issue
Ecological destruction
Beach degradation
Fish stocks depletion
Indicators
Amount degraded
Levels of erosion
Reduction in catch
Measures
% reduction in key species
% of beach eroded
Effort needed to catch fish
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Conclusion
• Indicators a tool to help identify and manage risks - ongoing commitment required for success
• Indicators enable sectoral (e.g., tourism) integration with community and regional planning requirements
• Many of the lessons from indicators for sustainable tourism can apply to indicators for sustainable development