Indicators for Performance and Impact Headline Indicators Peter Roberts Lead Specialist World Bank...

Indicators for Performance and ImpactIndicators for Performance and Impact

Headline Indicators

Peter RobertsLead Specialist

World Bank

Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria June, 2006

June 2006 Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria 2

Headline indicators for the Transport Sector


Transport headline indicators

Rural access proportion of the rural population within 2 km of an all-season road

Urban mobility

Mean time for the journey to work (urban households)

Road condition

Condition of main road network (% of network in ‘good’ and ‘fair’ condition)

Trade logistics

Composite index comprising: inventory, transit, customs, handling (time + cost)

Modal share Balance between main sub-sectors for: passengers, freight, finance.

Key Diagnostics being developed


Transport impact

Usual transport indicators, such as:• Infrastructure quantity - Road Length• quality - % Paved - % Good/FairCan be targeted geographically – but not readily by population characteristics

A conceptual shift relates the user to key aspects of the transport service:

• Accessibility of the service• Utilisation of and expenditure on the serviceEnables analysis of impact on household behaviour design and monitoring to reduce poverty /

inequality




Urban mobility


Key Indicators being developed to complement ‘Rural Access’

• UN Habitat GTZ• Global Urban Expansion study• Japan consultancy trust fund• World Resources Institute• Union Internationale des Transports Publiques


Urban Mobility Index

• Complement to the Rural Access Index• Also best estimated through representative

household surveys• Proportion of the urban households which

access the main employment within two hours (both ways)

• Current values are from a data set developed by UN Habitat for 1998

• In the short-term a new data set depends cooperation with Habitat, UITP, GTZ and others




Urban mobility


Road condition



•Japan MLIT•International Road Federation




Urban mobility


Road condition


Trade logistics



International Customs Union Port statistics Freight transit


Trade Logistics Index

• Object is to gauge the contribution of transport to national trade competitiveness

• Composite proposed to combine:– Inventory holding (value and duration)– Inland transport (cost and time)– Clearance formalities (cost and duration)– Port handling (cost and time)

• Each including financial and time costs• Detailed data is proving difficult to measure




Urban mobility


Road condition


Trade logistics


Modal share Balance between main sub-sectors for: passengers, freight, finance.



Modal Share

• Proportions of national transport carried by the main modes:– Road transport – Railways– Water transport

• Shares carried by main modes:– passenger travel (person/km)– freight haulage (mass, volume, value)


China: Passenger transport mode


China: Freight transport mode


Headline transport indicator:Focus on Rural Access


Rural Access Index - history

• Apr ’03: IDA group requests Infrastructure indicators• Sep ’03: Rural Access Index agreed in principle

– proportion of the rural population within 2 km of an all-season road• Apr ‘04: Rural Access measured for 30 IDA countries

– representing more than 80% of IDA rural population• Jul ’04: pilot ‘time/distance’ survey completed (in Albania)• Oct ’04: Rural Access Index adopted for IDA-14 Results

Measurement System• Jul ’05: IDA-14 is initiated• Aug ’05: ‘time/distance’ survey completed (in Tanzania)

Challenge is to extend the measure to further countries by establishing routine inclusion in household surveys


Rural Access Index - Africa

• Benin 32%

• Burkina Faso 25• Burundi 19• Cameroon 20• Chad 5• Congo DR 26• Ethiopia 17• Ghana 44• Gambia 77

• Guinea 22%• Kenya 44• Madagascar 25• Malawi 38• Niger 37• Nigeria (8 States) 47• Tanzania 38 - all subject to confirmation

•wish to work with partners to sustain / update this indicator.•are ready to discuss how the indicator can be established for countries which do not yet have it


Rural Access Index - Asia

• Azerbaijan 67%

• Bangladesh 37• Cambodia 87• India 69• Indonesia 94• Laos PDR 59• Mongolia 36• Nepal

15%

• Pakistan 77• Papua New Guinea 68• Tajikistan 38• Uzbekistan 57• Vietnam 76• Yemen, Rep. 21 - all subject to confirmation

•Client partners need to sustain / update this indicator.•Advice is available on how the indicator can be established for countries which do not yet have it


Rural Access Index: IDA values


Transport in household surveys

• Access – basic challenges for IDA-14– ‘time’ / ‘distance’ perceptions and relationships– initial measures in more IDA countries– establish in-country ‘ownership’– link to access to affordable transport service

• Transport module – complement LSMS etc– ‘time budget’ data in addition to ‘expenditure’

• Integrated module for infrastructure services


Rural Access: Regional Values


Using transport indicators to guide and implement policy


Global/Regional policy

Applying ‘Headline Indices’:• achieving the Millennium Development Goals:

– Reducing poverty and hunger– Health and education outcomes– Gender equality– Environmental improvement

• linking Transport outcomes to other key targets:– Rural Access and Emergency Transport– Urban Mobility– Transport Cost and Modal Share– Quality of key Infrastructure


Transport Targets for MDGs

MDG TargetsMDG 1Eradication of extreme poverty and hunger

Rural Access to inputs and markets, and generation of employment opportunities, improved by halving the proportion of rural population living beyond 2 km of an all-season road

The difference in average Transport Cost between Africa and Asia narrowed down by 50%

MDG 2 + 3Univ’al primary education & gender equality

Rural Access and Urban Mobility improved to eliminate constraints on the time which all children have to participate in education and to enable effective education to be delivered and reached safely

MDG 4 + 5Child Health and Maternal Mortality

Rural Access and Urban Mobility improved for reliable supply of inputs to health facilities, to provide affordable access for all households and to enable cost effective outreach health

Source: Africa: Transport and the Millennium Development Goals: April, 2005


National policy – rural access

• Comprehensive Poverty Reduction and Growth Strategy:– Reduction of rural transport constraints is a key

National objective requiring some Provinces to act

• Vietnam Living Standards Survey:– Rural Access Indicator can be updated biennially

• State grants on the basis of need for Provinces to contribute to CPRGS– Allocations considered on the basis of Poverty

Rate, Population and lack of Rural Access


Targeting poverty in Vietnam

Targeting poverty in Vietnam

Sub-national dis-aggregated data can help to target national resources


Provincial allocation – rural access

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(U

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alloc = b + fn (poverty rate) . (population) . (lack of access)


• Africa Region: Sub-Saharan Africa Transport Policy Programme


Information is on WB web page: Home > Topics in Development > Transport

>Social Responsibility

>Transport and Health Home > Topics in Development > Transport > Transport Results

to be updated on CD

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