• K. Divakar , Team Coordinator, PGPEX-VLM, IIM Calcutta • Aravind Kumara Pillai, PGPEX-VLM, IIM Calcutta • Kumar. M, PGPEX-VLM, IIM Calcutta • Senthil Raja M, PGPEX-VLM, IIM Calcutta • Shanu Sharma, Phd IIT – Kanpur

Members

Contact info divakarkx2014@email.iimcal.ac.in 9840259011

CURRENT PROBLEM

Water Pump installed by Panchayaths and Municipalities is used as primary source for water in most villages and towns. Water from such pumps are not treated and may contain many substances such as arsenic, fluorides, irons etc and also contains some bacteria or viruses.

To get rid of all such contamination our team member Ms. Shanu Sharma, Phd scholar from IIT Kanpur has come up with a patented technology of a smart pump named “People’s Pump” .

A pump that three chambers, one for water storage, the second one for UV treatment and the last one that has granular, activated carbon etc ( silver nano pot can also be added) that purified the water with help of gravity and delivers it out.

It does not use any electricity and the UV LED uses the manual pumping pressure for its function.

The pump will costs around Rs.650, when produced in a mass scale.

PEOPLE’S PUMP

TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTION

Beneficiary Villages and small towns that uses water pumps predominantly

Programme aims and objectives Develop and install “People’s pump” to provide hygienic drinking water mainly

in rural areas.

Product identification and development

People’s Pump – a patented technology of IIT Kanpur Cost of mass production Rs.650/- per piece

Implementation

Identify the states that has many under developed villages Identify the villages that predominantly uses water pump and the water is not

hygienic Replace the existing pump with people’s pump. Expand this other villages, towns and cities step by step

Cost and time of implementation

Initially we may require say 1 lakh pumps to start with. That costs around 65 cr Later implementation requires 250 cr Annual maintenance require 30 cr Less than 3 years time it can be implemented all over India.

Sources of fund Central Government and State Government funds World bank and UNICEF Global NGOs and Corporates

•The technology of producing water from air is shown. • This requires electricity that can be produced using solar panels. • Average Humidity in places such as Rajasthan and Gujarat is 80%. •This technology is capable of producing 10 ~ 20 liters of water / hour. • Each unit will costs about 25 lakhs.

•Lets stop women walking distances in the desert to bring water.

•Aqua bill board an initiative from an American University that produced water from air can be the best solution.

Beneficiary People in desert and costal where there is no ground water source and

humidity is above 65%

Programme aims and objectives Install Aqua bill board to provide hygienic drinking water in the desert and

costal areas.

Product identification and development

Aqua bill board – equipment that produces water from air Cost of mass production Rs.25 lakh per piece

Implementation

Identify the states that has desert and costal areas with no or less water resources

Install aqua bill boards Expand this other villages, towns and cities where water sources are diminishing

Cost and time of implementation

Initially we may require say 100 bill boards to start with. That costs around 25 cr Later implementation requires 100 cr Annual maintenance require 30 cr Less than 3 years time it can be implemented all over India.

Sources of fund Central Government and State Government funds Corporate companies can sponsor this since, bill board carries advertisement.

Hence whole project can be out of sponsorship alone.

Low temperature thermal desalination plant

The world’s first ever low temperature thermal desalination plant (LTTD) was opened in Kavaratti, one of the Indian Lakshadweep islands. The plant cost about INR 50 million and produces 100,000 litres/day of potable water from sea water. Initial Production costs was INR 220-250/m3. Till date, 4 LTTD plants have been successfully commissioned in the country, one each at Kavaratti, Minicoy, Agatti of Lakshadweep and one at Northern Chennai Thermal Power Station (NCTPS), Chennai. Out of these four plants, the Minicoy and Agatti plants were established in April 2011 and July 2011, respectively. The capacity of each of these LTTD plants is 1 lakh litre per day of potable water.

This solution to drinking water problem can be used in costal area. LTTD along with transport facilities can be used for reaching interior areas in India.

The Nuclear Desalination Demonstration Plant (NDDP) located at Kalpakkam [off Chennai], Tamil Nadu, is the world’s largest hybrid seawater desalination plant coupled to an existing nuclear power plant.

Beneficiary People in coastal states like Kerala, Tamilnadu, Karnataka, Andrapradesh etc.

Programme aims and objectives Build LTTD plant near coastline based on the fresh water requirement of each

state so as to make each state self-sufficent.

Product identification and development

LTTD – convert salt water to drinking water(developed by National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT) )

Cost of plant Rs.5 crore

Implementation

Identify the states with coastal line where LTTD plant can be installed. Determine the capacity based on the requirement of the state and surrounding

places. The state government with coastlines must work with NOIT for development of

this projects. Government must select an advisory committee to evaluate the end result and

success of the project.

Cost and time of implementation

Initially we may require say 5 plants in each 5 states That costs around 25 cr per state Annual maintenance require 10 lakhs Base on requirement it can expand to more plants or other states.

Sources of fund

Central Government and State Government funds World bank and UNICEF Global NGOs and Corporates

The problem seems to be both the unavailability of proper sanitation facilities as well as the awareness of hygiene factor. This can be tackled only by doing a market research and finding out the specific problems

related to specific places. This requires:

Focusing on youth and using

education.

Taking responsibility for the environment.

Supporting small-scale

entrepreneurs.

Constantly Monitoring progress.

FINANCING:

The rural sanitation sector has continued to receive increasing budgetary support.

Further, as per the sanitation strategy 2012-22, an additional financial outlay of

Rs.470 billion has been identified to be utilized over a decade to achieve the

objectives of cent per cent rural sanitation.

Market Research

Identify market research expertise Establish and train the research team Conduct consumer research Conduct producer research

Programme aims and objectives Develop and provide preliminary sanitation facilities and hygiene awareness

mainly in rural areas.

Product identification and development

Identify and develop marketable sanitation facilities & services (e.g. latrine technologies /options, latrine information service, latrine centre)

Set up supply mechanism

Identify potential suppliers of latrines & other related services Assess and develop their capacity to provide desired services Identify and/or set place(s) where consumers can access the sanitation services

being marketed (eg toilet centres) Work with the public sector to establish strategy for disposal of sludge from

toilets

Message and material development

Identify partners with expertise for the design and development of marketing concepts

Develop promotion strategy (TV ads and billboards) Select, train and promote hygiene awareness team spread throughout the

nation.(this can include leading celebrities and socialites)

Implement promotion campaign

Produce promotion materials (e.g. posters, flyers, radio jingle, billboard) Launch a campaign (e.g. road show, launch event) Run a promotion campaign for about 3 months

Monitor and feedback Monitor the programme (spread/ response to the campaign, quality of services

provided etc)

Hygienic sanitation with water savings .

Toilets that have flushing system connected to wash

basin outlet.

A family of 3 members uses wash basin to brush ,bath

,wash and shave in the morning can use the same water to flush their toilet.

WATER REUSED TOILETS

This saves at least 7 liters of water per day per

family.

Imagine if most of the houses have this system,

how many million liters of water can be saved.

All that Government should do is to encourage industry to

manufacture such products and provide them subsidies.

Encourage public to use such products and improve

awareness by advertisement and providing subsidies.

Expenditure Government need to incur is for advertisement

part only and is compromising on taxation or duties only.

Solar power poop busters that quickly

burns the toilet wastes and curtails the septic tank

water mixing with water

resources and reservoirs.

Aerobic toilets that doesn’t use water to flush.

Hot toilets that keep the

temperature above room temperature

and controls the viruses and

bacteria that causes infection

and diseases.

Bio material for quick

decomposition of toilet wastes.

Future Technology In Sanitation

References 1. Drinking water quality in rural India – Paper by water aid 2. Patents IIT Kanpur 3. Water & sanitation in India – Wikipedia 4. Impact of Silver Nano Particle – Paper by Prof. Han Yu, University of Virginia 5. Bill Board an Initiative by UTEC USA 6. Design for Society – Prof. Ekkman, Design Factory, Finland