Indian Wars. Apache and Navajo Wars (1861- 1886) Apache – AZ, NM, and CO territories Navajo – NM...
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Transcript of Indian Wars. Apache and Navajo Wars (1861- 1886) Apache – AZ, NM, and CO territories Navajo – NM...
![Page 1: Indian Wars. Apache and Navajo Wars (1861- 1886) Apache – AZ, NM, and CO territories Navajo – NM and CO territories.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033007/56649f135503460f94c26b7c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Indian Wars
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Apache and Navajo Wars (1861-1886)
• Apache – AZ, NM, and CO territories
• Navajo – NM and CO territories
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• Geronimo
• Col. Christopher
“Kit” Carson
![Page 4: Indian Wars. Apache and Navajo Wars (1861- 1886) Apache – AZ, NM, and CO territories Navajo – NM and CO territories.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033007/56649f135503460f94c26b7c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
• Carson kills or relocates many Apache to reservations in 1862.
• Clashes drag on until Geronimo surrenders in 1886.
![Page 5: Indian Wars. Apache and Navajo Wars (1861- 1886) Apache – AZ, NM, and CO territories Navajo – NM and CO territories.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033007/56649f135503460f94c26b7c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
• Navajo surrender in 1863, but Carson attacks before and kills hundreds, destroys homeland.
• Navajo move to NM reservation in 1865.
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Sand Creek Massacre (1864)
• Southern Cheyenne and Arapaho – Central
Plains
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• Black Kettle
• Col. John Chivington
![Page 8: Indian Wars. Apache and Navajo Wars (1861- 1886) Apache – AZ, NM, and CO territories Navajo – NM and CO territories.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033007/56649f135503460f94c26b7c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• Cheyenne massacres prompt Chivington to kill up to 500 surrendered Cheyenne and Arapaho led by Black Kettle.
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Red River War (1874-1875)
• Comanche and Southern branches of Cheyenne, Kiowa, and Arapaho – Southern Plains
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• Comanche War parties
• Gen. William T. Sherman
• Lt. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan
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• Southern Plains Indians relocated to OK Indian Territory in 1867.
• Comanche warriors raced to TX to kill hunters who had destroyed their food supply.
• Sherman and Sheridan defeat warriors and open land for ranching.
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Battle of Little Bighorn (1876)
• Sioux of the Northern Plains – Dakota, WY, and MT territories (Black Hills Region)
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• Sitting Bull
• Crazy Horse
• Lt. Col. George A. Custer
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• US Govt. tries to buy gold-rich Black Hills from Sioux.
• Talks fail and Custer’s 7th Calvary sent to round up the Sioux.
• Troops meet up with large number of Sioux.
• Custer and 200 men killed in “Custer’s Last Stand.”
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Nez Perce War (1877)
• Nez Perce –
ID, WA, and OR
Territories
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• Chief Joseph
• Gen. Nelson Miles
• Gen. Oliver O.
Howard
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• Nez Perce makes stand to hold land and not move to ID reservation.
• Chief Joseph leads families, warriors of tribe (apprx. 700 people) for 1800 miles.
• Surrendered after some battles and moved to reservation in WA Territory.
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Battle of Wounded Knee (1890)
• Sioux Reservation in South Dakota (Pine Ridge Reservation)
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• Sitting Bull• US 7th Calvary
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• Ghost Dance raises fears of Sioux uprisings.
• Sitting Bull killed in an attempted arrest.
• His followers surrender and camp at Wounded Knee.
• Shots are fired; some 200 – 300 Sioux die (women and children included).