Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. -...

Indian Oil Corporation Ltd.

Environmental Impact AssessmentFor

PROPOSED CAPACITY EXPANSION FROM 7.5 MTPA TO 8.0 MTPA ALONG WITH DISTILLATE YIELD IMPROVEMENT PROJECT (DYIP) AND

INSTALLATION OF FEED PREPARATION UNIT (FPU) FOR CATALYTIC DEWAXING UNIT (CDWU) AT HALDIA REFINERY

InDistrict: Purba Medinipur, West Bengal

Envirotech East (P) LimitedAn ISO 9001:2008, 14001:2004 & OHSAS:18001:2007

Bengal Ambuja Commercial ComplexUN F13, 1050/1, Survey Park, Kolkata 700 075, India

Ph: (033) 2418 8127/8128/8601, e-mail: [email protected]: www.envirotecheast.com

March , 2015

Envirotech East Pvt. LimitedAn ISO 9001:2008, 14001:2004 & OHSAS:18001:2007 CompanyLaboratory Recognised by Ministry of Environment & Forests, Govt. of IndiaBengal Ambuja Commercial Complex,UN-F 13, 1050/1, Survey Park, Kolkata – 700 075 – 2418 8127/8128/8601; Fax – 2418 8128; email: [email protected] : www.envirotecheast.com

Date: 16th February, 2015

TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN

Subject: Proposed Capacity Expansion from 7.5 MTPA to 8.0 MTPA along with Distillate Yield Improvement Project (DYIP) and Installation of Feed Preparation Unit (FPU) at Haldia Refinery, West Bengal by M/s Indian Oil Corporation Ltd.

Ref : F. No. J-11011/299/2013-IA-II (I)

Dear Sir,

We do hereby declare that we have undertaken the Environmental Impact

Assessment Study for the subject job, as per the EIA Notification, 2006 and in

compliance with the finalized Terms of Reference, issued by Expert Appraisal

Committee, Ministry of Environment & Forests, Govt. of India, vide its letter

dated 11th March, 2014. The prescribed TORs have been complied with and that

the data submitted is factually correct while preparing the final EIA report.

Thanking you,

Yours faithfully,For Envirotech East Pvt. Ltd.

(Asoke Kumar Banerjee)CEO

Environmental Impact Assessment for Proposed Capacity Expansion from 7.5 MTPA to 8 MTPA along with Proposed Distillate Yield Improvement Project (DYIP) and Installation of Feed Preparation Unit for Catalytic Dewaxing Unit

(CDWU) at Haldia Refinery, District: Purba Medinipur, West BengalCONT. - 1

CONTENTS Envirotech East Pvt. Ltd.

CONTENTS

SECTION DESCRIPTION

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

CHAPTER:1 - INTRODUCTION1.1 Introduction & Background1.2 Statutory Clearances1.3 Location of Project Site1.4 Purpose of the EIA/EMP Report and Scope of the Study

CHAPTER:2 - PROJECT DESCRIPTION2.1 Project Highlights2.2 Plant Location and Layout 2.3 Existing Capacity of Haldia Refinery2.4 Need and Justification for Proposed Project2.5 Technology & Process Description of Proposed Project2.6 Wastewater Management2.7 Solid Waste Management2.8 Sulphur Balance2.9 Stack Emissions 2.10 Project Commissioning Schedule2.11 Land2.12 Manpower Requirement2.13 Cost

CHAPTER:3 - BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL SCENARIO3.0 Site & Surroundings of the Project Site3.1 Baseline Environmental Data Generation3.2 Soil3.3 Landuse3.4 Meteorology3.5 Ambient Air Quality3.6 Surface Water Quality 3.7 Ground Water Quality3.8 Noise3.9 Socio-Economic Profile3.10 Infrastructure Facilities3.11 Ecology




CHAPTER:4 - ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT4.1 Project Activities4.2 Impacts on Soil and Land Use4.3 Impacts on Hydrology4.4 Impacts on Water Quality4.5 Impacts on Air Quality4.6 Impacts on Noise4.7 Impacts on Ecology4.8 Impacts on Demography And Socioeconomics

CHAPTER:5 - ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM5.1 Need for Monitoring 5.2 Related Environmental Parameters5.3 Monitoring Conducted

CHAPTER:6 - ADDITIONAL STUDIES6.1 Risk Assessment6.2 Disaster Management Plan6.3 Brief Description of the Project6.4 Possible Emergencies6.5 Basis of DMP6.6 Capabilities of DMP 6.7 Disaster Control Philosophy6.8 On-Site Emergency Plan6.9 Off-Site Emergency Plan

CHAPTER:7 - PROJECT BENFITS7.1 Basic Contents

7.2 Control of Emission7.3 Greenbelt Development7.4 Community Development Programme

7.5 Other Related Aspects7.6 Additional Mitigatory Measures7.7 Summary and Conclusion

CHAPTER:8 - ENVIRONMENTAL COST OF THE PROJECT

CHAPTER:9 – DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED




ANNEXURES

I MoEF Final ToRsII Certified Compliance ReportIII Compliance Note on NOC & CFOIV Two Years DataV Action plan to achieve smokeless flare in Haldia RefineryVI Compliance Note on New Refinery StandardVII Membership of TSDF for Hazardous Waste DisposalVIII Environmental PolicyIX Relevant Indian StandardsX Public Hearing Proceedings & its Compliance


(CDWU) at Haldia Refinery, District: Purba Medinipur, West Bengal ES - 1

Executive Summary Envirotech East Pvt. Ltd.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1.0 INTRODUCTIONHaldia refinery is the fourth in the chain of the existing seven refineries of Indian Oil Corporation Ltd (IOCL) in the country located at Guwahati, Digboi, Barauni, Haldia, Baroda, Mathura and Panipat.

Haldia refinery is located on the bank of the river Hoogly at Haldia in East Midnapur district of the state of West Bengal. The refinery was commissioned in 1974. The refinery handles imported crudes, mostly from Middle East countries, Nigeria and Malaysia. The refined products help meet the demand of the eastern region by road, rail as well as through Haldia-Barauni-Kanpur and Haldia-Mourigram-Rajbandh pipelines.

Haldia refinery was initially designed for a capacity of 2.5 million metric tonnes per annum (MMTPA) and was subsequently modernised and debottlenecked for capacity augmentation and improvement of product pattern. The refinery now has two Crude Distillation Units (CDU) with the processing level of 7.5 MMTPA.

Haldia Refinery has proposed for expansion of Refinery capacity from 7.5 MMTPA to 8.0 MMTPA by revamping existing CDU-I (from 3.3 to 3.8 MMTPA) & VDU-I (from 1.5 to 1.7 MMTPA) with some modifications in the existing units.

As per original configuration, the refinery is bound to produce substantial quantity of Furnace Oil (very low value compared to crude and middle distillates) from bottom of the barrel (i.e. Vacuum residue). Hence, Distillate Yield Improvement Project (DYIP) has been proposed, wherein units such as Delayed Coker Unit (1.7 MMTPA), Coker Gas Oil Hydrotreater Unit (1.4 MMTPA) and Coker LPG treating Unit (70 TMTPA) are considered for improving distillate yield of the refinery.

Haldia Refinery proposes to install Feed Preparation Unit (FPU) for CDWU. The estimated capacity of the proposed UCO Vacuum Fractionation Unit (Feed Preparation Unit, FPU) shall be 650 TMTPA. With the implementation of the proposed facility, it is envisaged that the refinery shall be able to produce 100% Gr-III LOBS (of 70N/150N/500N grades).




Minor piping modifications shall be required in the High-pressure section of CDWU to enable processing of neat desulphurized waxy-cuts ex FPU and modifications in low-pressure section (vacuum column of CDW) for enabling production of Gr-III LOBS.

PROPOSED UNITS CAPACITY

PROCESS UNITS CAPACITY

A) Under Capacity Expansion Project

Revamp of Existing CDU-I From existing 3.3 MTPA to 3.8 MTPA

Revamp of Existing VDU-I From existing 1.5 MTPA to 1.7 MTPA

B) Under Distillate Yield Improvement Project

Delayed Coking Unit (DCU) 1.7 MMTPACoker Gas Oil Hydrotreater Unit

(CGO HDTU)1.4 MMTPA

Coker LPG MEROX Unit 70 TMTPA

Sulphur Recovery Unit (SRU) 80 TPD

Amine Treating Unit (ATU) 260 TPH

Sour Water Stripper (SWS) 65 TPH

C) Feed Preparation Unit 650 TMTPA

M/s Envirotech East Pvt. Ltd. have conducted an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the proposed project and formulated an appropriate Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for such expansion project.

2.0 SITE LOCATIONHaldia Refinery is located at Haldia, district Purba Medinipur in the state of West Bengal. No additional land will be required as the proposed Feed Preparation Unit will be installed in the vacant plot (Area: 3600 m2), available near the existing OHCU within the refinery

complex. Its geographical coordinates are Latitude 22°0241.54N and

Longitude 88°0625.30E with mean sea level 26 ft.

Nearest Railway Station is Durgachak which is about 5.5 km away from the project site. Hooghly river is within 1.0 km distance from the




project site and Haldi river is about 6.0 km away from the project site. Tamluk (Dist. HQ) is about 34.0 km (aerial distance) from the project site. The nearest airport “Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Airport”, Kolkata is located about 75 km (aerial distance) from the project site.

3.0 PROJECT HIGHLIGHTS The principal features or highlights of the proposed Feed Preparation Unit (FPU) for Catalytic Dewaxing Unit (CDWU) at Haldia Refinery under study are as follows:

Location Haldia in East Midnapur district of West Bengal. Land requirement

For capacity expansion project and proposed Feed Preparation Unit (FPU) for Catalytic Dewaxing Unit (CDWU), no additional land shall be required.

In capacity expansion project, the existing CDU-I and VDU-I shall be revamped. The proposed Feed Preparation Unit will be installed in the vacant plot(Area: 3600 m2), available near the existing OHCUwithin the refinery complex.

Delayed Coker project shall be housed in the 83 acres land, acquired from old Hindustan Fertilizer Corporation(HFC) on long-term lease basis.

Rawwater Requirement &

Total 635 m3/hr. (550 m3/hr. for DYIP & 85 m3/hr. for FPU & capacity expansion), which will be met from the existing water supply system of the refinery.

Power Requirement & Source

30.34 MW (0.6 MW for capacity expansion; 29 MW for DYIP & 0.74 MW for FPU), which will be met from the existing power supply system of the refinery as well as importing Power from WBSEB.

Effluent Generation, Treatment & Disposal

Total 294 m3/hr., which will undergo necessarytreatment in the existing ETPs before final discharge through the existing system.

SO2 Emission An additional 127 kg/hr. from the proposed project (18.2 kg/hr. from capacity expansion; 87.8 kg/hr. from DYIP & 21 kg/hr. from FPU).

4.0 BASELINE ENVIRONMNETAL SCENARIOThe area falling within the radius of 10 km around the Haldia Refinery of M/s IOCL at Haldia, District Purba Medinipur in West Bengal has been considered as study area. On-site environmental




quality monitoring was carried out from 15th March, 2014 to 14th June, 2014.

4.1 MeteorologyThe monthly minimum and maximum temperatures recorded on-site

during the aforesaid monitoring period varied between (15.5-23.0)C

and (37.5-41.5)C respectively with overall minimum and maximum

temperatures being 15.5C and 41.5C respectively.

The monthly minimum and maximum relative humidity recorded on-site during the said monitoring period varied between (25.0-57.0)% and (76.0-84.0)% respectively, the overall minimum and maximum being 25.0% & 84.0% respectively.

During the said monitoring period, the monthly mean wind speed measured on-site varied between 5.2 km/hr to 7.0 km/hr. The overall mean wind speed during the period was 6.1 km/hr. The predominant wind directions are from South and South-West corner.

4.2 Ambient Air QualityAmbient air quality was monitored at eight (8) locations in and around the project site.

The overall mean of 24-hourly average values of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO, HC & benzene in the area (mean of all the 8 locations) were

61.07 g/m3, 25.70 g/m3, 11.02 g/m3, 25.47 g/m3, 0.81 mg/m3,

1.49 ppm and 2.24 g/m3 respectively.

4.3 Water QualityWater samples were collected and analyzed at eight (8) locations to assess the surface water quality in the study area. Water samples were collected from eight (8) locations to assess the baseline status of the ground water quality of the study area.

The pH value of the collected Hoogly river water samples was found of 7.3-7.5. Dissolved Oxygen was observed 5.9-6.2 mg/l. The Total Dissolved Solids were found 1340-1393 mg/l while total Hardness was found 646-653 mg/l. Calcium was found of 136-140 mg/l. Sulphate, Nitrate and Chloride were observed 124-130 mg/l, 1.2-2.2mg/l and 610-631 mg/l respectively. Iron & Zinc contents were found 0.09-0.10 mg/l & 0.22-0.24 mg/l respectively. Total Alkalinity was found 268-290 mg/l.




The pH value of collected six pond water samples was found in the range of (6.8-7.8). Dissolved Oxygen was observed in the range of (5.5-6.3 mg/l). Total Dissolved Solids were found in the range of 376-620mg/l while Total Hardness was found in the range of 238-430 mg/l. Calcium was found varying in the ranges of 65-136 mg/l. Sulphate, Nitrate and Chloride were observed in the ranges of 28-63 mg/l, 2.8-7.3 mg/l and 110-178 mg/l respectively. Iron & Zinc contents were found in the ranges of 0.24-0.48 mg/l & 0.12-0.45 mg/l respectively. Total Alkalinity was found 163-320 mg/l.

The pH value of collected eight ground water samples was found in the range of (6.8-7.6). Total Dissolved Solids were found in the range of 570-790 mg/l while Total Hardness was found in the range of 255-487 mg/l. Calcium and Magnesium was found varying in the ranges of 90-136 mg/l, 21-39 mg/l. Sulphate, Nitrate and Chloride were observed in the ranges of 23-59 mg/l, 0.46-1.56 mg/l and 150-229mg/l respectively. Iron & Zinc contents were found in the ranges of 0.38-0.71 mg/l & <0.05 mg/l respectively.

Conclusion can be drawn in the light of the overall analysis made so far that both the surface & the ground water in the study area is free of any kind of industrial and urban pollution and has been found to be generally fit for human consumption.

4.4 NoiseA total of 11 locations around the proposed project were selected for the measurement of ambient noise levels.

During the day time, the equivalent noise levels were found to vary in the range of (56.1-69.2) dB (A) while in the night time, the equivalent noise levels were observed to be varying in the ranges of (45.3-56.5) dB (A).

4.5 Ecology

The study area is found to have a good vegetation cover due to helpful

climatic conditions and good soil quality in the area. There are

naturally growing plants, vegetation and grasses. The overall floral

composition in the whole study area is quite rich.

4.6 Demography and Socio-economyThe 10 km radius study area around the proposed project comprises of three blocks namely Sutahata-I, Haldia & Nandigram and Haldia




municipality under district Purba Medinipur. A total of 67 villages fall under the study area.

The study area is mainly rural and semi-urban in nature and moderately populated with the total population of 3,64,129 (as per 2011 Census). Scheduled Caste (SC) and Scheduled Tribe (ST) population is about 17.88% and 0.51% of the total population respectively. The overall literacy rate is about 77.2%. In the major portion of the study area principal language is Bengali. The principal staple food is rice.

5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF PROPOSED PROJECTS

5.1 Impacts on Air Quality

There will be 4 (four) new stacks, after the implementation of the

proposed projects. Besides, there will be additional pollution load on 4

(four) existing stacks due to the revamp of existing CDU-I and VDU-I.

Major pollutant, emitted is sulphur dioxide (SO2) besides nitrogen

oxides (NOx) and particulate matters (PM). Other emissions are

negligible. There will be an additional SO2 emission load of around 87

kg/hr.

As recommended by CPCB, GLCs at various receptor locations within

10 km radius have been computed for the three months’ period (15th

March, 2014 – 14th June, 2014) representing the summer season,

based on the hourly meteorological data of this period. The

computation has been made applying Industrial Source Complex

(ISC3) model, developed by United States Environmental Protection

Agency (USEPA), which is most widely used and also recommended by

CPCB (PROBES/70/1997-98).

Due to emission of all the existing and future stacks in the plant, the

absolute maximum predicted GLC of SO2 would be about 68.79

g/m3, which will occur at a distance of about 0.8 km. in ‘NE’

direction. The corresponding values for NOx & PM are 10.36 g/m3

and 5.5 g/m3 respectively, which will occur at a distance of about 1.5

km. in ‘N’ direction.

The predicted maximum GLCs of SO2, NOx & PM due to the operation of the proposed project will be within the prescribed limits. Therefore,




there is insignificant impact due to the operation of the proposed project on the Air Quality of the area.

5.2 Impacts on Water QualityOperation of the Proposed Capacity Expansion from 7.5 MTPA to 8.0 MTPA along with Proposed Distillate Yield Improvement Project (DYIP) and Installation of Feed Preparation Unit (FPU) for Catalytic Dewaxing Unit (CDWU) at Haldia Refinery will generate total 294 m3/hr. of excess effluent. This effluent will be subjected to necessary treatment in the existing Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) to amend the quality of effluent to regulatory requirement before final discharge through the existing system.

As the effluent will be completely treated and its quality is expected to be similar to the level achieved now, no impact on the water quality of the receiving water body is envisaged.

5.3 Impacts on SoilThere will be solid waste generation, but will be managed in the proper manner. This will ensure that there will not be any impact on soil quality due to the disposal or deposition of solid waste.

5.4 Impacts on Land Use The proposed development will be confined within the boundary of the allocated land within the refinery boundary, earmarked for the industrial purpose, so there will not be any significant impact on the land use pattern of the area.

5.5 Impacts on Biological EnvironmentThe surrounding area has substantial vegetation in the form of village orchards, roadside trees and agriculture. If the gaseous emission is controlled properly, there will not be significant impact. There will be sufficient plantation of trees at the plant site. All these measures, if implemented properly will ensure insignificant impact on the local vegetation from the proposed project and may improve the vegetation scenario of the area.

No thermal pollution is expected as closed cycle cooling system will be adopted. As the effluent of the proposed units will be completely treated and its quality is expected to be similar to the level achieved now, no impact on water bodies is envisaged.




5.6 Impacts on Socio-Economic EnvironmentThe project will offer substantial employment potential during construction phase and operation phase, which will have beneficialimpact.

6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANM/s IOCL will develop various management activities for the Environmental Management Programme which will meet all statutory requirements and help to improve environmental quality.

In order to improve the aesthetic look of the area and enhance the land use as well as to compensate for any loss in ecology during construction, adequate plantation programmes around the project site have been planned and will be adopted. Development of green belt will include plantation of trees along boundary of the factory, roads, raw material yard and other available spaces.

A detailed monitoring for different environmental parameters will be carried out as per direction of State Pollution Control Board. An environmental management group will be established to implement the management plan.


(CDWU) at Haldia Refinery, District: Purba Medinipur, West BengalC1 - 1

Introduction Envirotech East Pvt. Ltd.

CHAPTER-1.0INTRODUCTION

1.1 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUNDIndian Oil Corporation Ltd. (Indian Oil) is India's largest public corporation in terms of revenue and is one of the five Maharatna status companies of India, apart from Coal India Limited, NTPC Limited, Oil and Natural Gas Corporation and Steel Authority of India Limited. It is the highest ranked Indian company and the world's 88th largest public corporation in the prestigious Fortune 'Global 500' listing in the year 2013. Beginning in 1959 as Indian Oil Company Ltd., Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. was formed in 1964 with the merger of Indian Refineries Ltd. (Estd. 1958). Indian Oil and its subsidiaries account for 49% petroleum products market share, 31% share in refining capacity and 71% downstream sector pipelines capacity in India.

The Indian Oil Group of companies owns and operates 10 of India's 22refineries with a combined refining capacity of 65.7 million metric tonnes per annum (MMTPA). There are seven refineries located at Guwahati, Digboi, Barauni, Gujarat, Haldia, Mathura and Panipat under the umbrella of Indian Oil Corporation Limited. Another refinery at Paradeep is under construction. Besides, these also include two refineries of subsidiary Chennai Petroleum Corporation Ltd. (CPCL) and one of Bongaigaon Refinery and Petrochemicals Limited (BRPL).

The Corporation's cross-country crude oil and product pipeline network spanning about 11,214 km., the largest in the country, meets the vital energy needs of the consumers in an efficient, economical and environment-friendly manner. The company operates the largest and the widest network of fuel stations in the country.

HALDIA REFINERY Haldia refinery is the fourth in the chain of the existing seven refineries of Indian Oil Corporation Ltd (IOCL) in the country located at Guwahati, Digboi, Barauni, Haldia, Baroda, Mathura and Panipat.

Environmental Impact Assessment for Proposed MTPA to 8 MTPA along with Proposed Distillate Yield Improvement Project (DYIP) and Installation of Feed Preparation Unit for Catalytic Dewaxing Unit

(CDWU) at Haldia Refinery, District: Purba Medinipur, West Bengal

Introduction Envir

Haldia refinery is located on the bank of the riverEast Midnapur district of the state of West Bengal. The refinery was commissioned in 1974. The refinery handles imported crudes, mostly from Middle East countries, Nigeria and Malaysia. The refined products help meet the demand of thethrough Haldia-pipelines.

Haldia refinery was initially designed for a capacity of 2.5 million metric tonnes per annum (MMTPA) and was subsequently modernised and debottlenecked for capacity augmentation and improvement of product pattern. The refinery now has two Crude Distillation Units (CDU) with the processing level of

PROPOSED PROJECTA) Capacity ExpansionHaldia Refinery has proposed 7.5 MMTPA to 8.0 MMTPA by revamping 3.8 MMTPA) & VDUmodifications in the existing units




Haldia refinery is located on the bank of the river Hoogly at Haldia in East Midnapur district of the state of West Bengal. The refinery was commissioned in 1974. The refinery handles imported crudes, mostly from Middle East countries, Nigeria and Malaysia. The refined products help meet the demand of the eastern region by road, rail as well as

-Barauni-Kanpur and Haldia-Mourigram

Haldia refinery was initially designed for a capacity of 2.5 million metric tonnes per annum (MMTPA) and was subsequently modernised and

tlenecked for capacity augmentation and improvement of product pattern. The refinery now has two Crude Distillation Units (CDU) with the processing level of 7.5 MMTPA.

PROPOSED PROJECTCapacity Expansion

Haldia Refinery has proposed for expansion of Refinery capacity from 7.5 MMTPA to 8.0 MMTPA by revamping existing CDU3.8 MMTPA) & VDU-I (from 1.5 to 1.7 MMTPA)modifications in the existing units.

Capacity Expansion from 7.5 MTPA to 8 MTPA along with Proposed Distillate Yield Improvement Project (DYIP) and Installation of Feed Preparation Unit for Catalytic Dewaxing Unit


otech East Pvt. Ltd.

Hoogly at Haldia in East Midnapur district of the state of West Bengal. The refinery was commissioned in 1974. The refinery handles imported crudes, mostly from Middle East countries, Nigeria and Malaysia. The refined products

eastern region by road, rail as well as Mourigram-Rajbandh

Haldia refinery was initially designed for a capacity of 2.5 million metric tonnes per annum (MMTPA) and was subsequently modernised and

tlenecked for capacity augmentation and improvement of product pattern. The refinery now has two Crude Distillation Units (CDU) with

for expansion of Refinery capacity from CDU-I (from 3.3 to

I (from 1.5 to 1.7 MMTPA) with some




B) Distillate Yield Improvement Project (DYIP)As per original configuration, the refinery is bound to produce substantial quantity of Furnace Oil (very low value compared to crude and middle distillates) from bottom of the barrel (i.e. Vacuum residue). Hence, Distillate Yield Improvement Project (DYIP) has been proposed, wherein units such as Delayed Coker Unit (1.7 MMTPA), Coker Gas Oil Hydrotreater Unit (1.4 MMTPA) and Coker LPG treating Unit (70 TMTPA) are considered for improving distillate yield of the refinery.

C) Feed Preparation Unit for Catalytic Dewaxing Unit (CDWU)Haldia Refinery has been producing Gr-I LOBS by conventional solvent-dewaxing since commissioning of Lube Oil facility in 1976. Manufacture of API-Gr-II LOBS commenced with commissioning of Catalytic Dewaxing Unit (licensed by ExxonMobil) in 2002-03. At present, Haldia Refinery typically produces a total of around 230-240 TMTPA of LOBS, of which approximately 50-55% is of API Gr-II variety. API Gr-II LOBS production ex Haldia Refinery has been predominately dependent on raffinate hydrotreatment/ hydrodewaxing. This inherently generates low-value black oil (extract). Also, raffinate yield ex Solvent Extraction Units being approx. 50%, vacuum distillate requirement is high, thus lowering refinery distillate yield. Furthermore, currently there is no facility for API Gr-III LOBS production from Haldia Refinery.

In Post-OHCU scenario, HR has commenced production of API Gr-II LOBS production through existing CDWU by processing admixture of bulk UCO and requisite amount of raffinate (in order to meet minimum feed ‘S’ and kinematic viscosity of final Lube products). Although this step has been found instrumental in reduction of refinery black oil pool volume (vis-à-vis increase in distillate yield), certain drawbacks are existing, as outlined hereunder:

Low DWO product yield (due to bulk dewaxing) Off-spec sidecut product generation (higher kV material) Requirement of substantial amount of solvent-extracted Raffinate

derived from High-‘S’ Lube Bearing Crude

To extract complete lube potential from UCO and circumvent aforementioned problems, bulk UCO needs to be vacuum-fractioned into waxy heart-cuts for onward processing in CDW to meet final LOBS products’ specs. Processing of neat UCO (or fractionated cuts ofthe same) in CDW is not feasible as function of Hydrotreater reactor catalyst (upstream of dewaxing reactor) will be lost due to Sulfur




leaching from active metal sulfides, should the feed be totally desulphurized (i.e. neat UCO). Hence, there shall be small quantity of raffinate admixing.

With the implementation of proposed facility, it is envisaged that Haldia Refinery shall be able to produce 100% Gr-III LOBS (of 70N/150N/500N grades).

Estimated Capacity of proposed UCO Vacuum Fractionation Unit (Feed Preparation Unit, FPU) shall be 650 TMTPA.

1.2 STATUTORY CLEARANCESVarious environmental permits are required to implement the Project. Haldia Refinery has obtained all necessary Environmental Clearances (EC) for various existing projects (the copy of the Environmental Clearances along with the Compliance Status of the conditions, mentioned therein, enclosed as Annexure II).

1.3 LOCATION OF PROJECT SITEHaldia Refinery is located at Haldia, district Purba Medinipur in the state of West Bengal. No additional land will be required as the proposed Feed Preparation Unit will be installed in the vacant plot (Area: 3600 m2), available near the existing OHCU within the refinery complex. Its

geographical coordinates are Latitude 22°0241.54N and Longitude

88°0625.30E with mean sea level 26 ft.

The site is well connected by roads and railways. It is approachable from the Kolkata-Haldia National Highways (NH-41 starts at Haldia near the Haldia refinery and meets NH-6 linking Kolkata to Mumbai at Mecheda). It is also connected with Howrah through Panskura-Haldia branch (69 km.) of the South-Eastern Railways. Panskura-Durgachak Road is another road, which connects Haldia to Main South-Eastern Railway line at Panskura. Haldia is about 130 km from Kolkata by road (Through NH-41 and NH-6). Haldia is also connected with Kolkata through the shortest route of Diamond Harbour Road and regular ferry services operating from Raichak to Kukrahati over the Hooghly river.



Introduction Envir

Nearest Railway Station is Durgachak which is the project site. Hoogsite and Haldi river is about 6.0 km away from the project site. Tamluk (Dist. HQ) is about 34.0 km nearest airport “Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Airport”, Kollocated about 75 km (aerial distance) from the project site. of the proposed project site is presented in the Refinery Area




Nearest Railway Station is Durgachak which is about 5.5the project site. Hooghly river is within 1.0 km distance from the project site and Haldi river is about 6.0 km away from the project site. Tamluk (Dist. HQ) is about 34.0 km (aerial distance) from the project site.nearest airport “Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Airport”, Kollocated about 75 km (aerial distance) from the project site. of the proposed project site is presented in Figure-1.1. The close view of

is presented in Figure-1.2.




about 5.5 km away from km distance from the project

site and Haldi river is about 6.0 km away from the project site. Tamluk from the project site. The

nearest airport “Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Airport”, Kolkata is located about 75 km (aerial distance) from the project site. The location

The close view of



Introduction Envir

FIGURE-

FIGURE




-1.2 : CLOSE VIEW OF THE REFINERY AREA

FIGURE-1.1 : SITE LOCATION ON GOOGLE VIEW

Panchet Hill




1.2 : CLOSE VIEW OF THE REFINERY AREA

1.1 : SITE LOCATION ON GOOGLE VIEW




1.4 PURPOSE OF THE EIA/EMP REPORT AND SCOPE OF STUDYAs per EIA Notification 2006, published on 14th September 2006, all projects or activities, including expansion and modernization of existing projects or activities or change in Product Mix, falling under Category ‘A’ in the Schedule shall require prior Environmental Clearance from Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEFCC), Govt. of India.

All projects of Petroleum Refining Industry shall be treated as Category ‘A’ projects and ‘therefore, shall require prior Environmental Clearance from Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change, Govt. of India. In this connection, Haldia Refinery submitted an application along with filled up ‘Form 1’ in the prescribed format and Pre-feasibility Report to MoEFCC for seeking prior Environmental Clearance for its proposed Installation of Feed Preparation Unit (FPU) for Catalytic Dewaxing Unit (CDWU project vide Letter no. HSE/EP/WU-5/EC-APPL/18 dated 25th

October 2013. Subsequently, the proposal was considered by the Reconstituted Expert Appraisal Committee (Industry) in its 14th meeting, held on 19-20th December’13 to determine the Terms of Reference (TOR) for undertaking detailed EIA study for obtaining Environmental Clearance in accordance with the provisions of the EIA Notification 2006. Accordingly, MoEF issued letter (Ref. F. Nos. J-11011/299/2013-IA-II (I) dated 11th March 2014), with the mention of the finalized Terms of Reference (Annexure-I). As advised, the Draft EIA/EMP Report was prepared, accommodating all the components, based on finalized TOR for its submission to West Bengal Pollution Control Board for the conduct of Public Hearing/Consultation. Subsequently, the Public Hearing was conducted on 12th September, 2014 at the office premises of Sub-divisional Officer, Haldia, Distt.: Purba Medinipur, West Bengal. All Public Hearing related documents along with the point-wise compliance to the issues, raised during the Public Hearing are enclosed as Annexure-X. The Final EIA Report, prepared on the basis of the available secondary data / literature along with the on-site data during the period (15th March, 2014 to 14th June, 2014) representing the Summer Season, generated through on-site monitoring of relevant environmental components and parameters was submitted online to MoEFCC on 27.09.2014.




In the meantime, it was decided to install Distillate Yield Improvement Project (DYIP). Accordingly, Haldia Refinery submitted an application along with filled up ‘Form 1’ in the prescribed format and Pre-feasibility Report to MoEFCC for seeking prior Environmental Clearance for its DYIP project vide Letter No. HSE/EP/EC-APP/18 dated 3rd June, 2014. At the same time, Haldia Refinery decided to increase the existing capacity of the refinery from 7.5 MTPA to 8 MTPA. Again, an application along with filled up ‘Form 1’ in the prescribed format and Pre-feasibility Report was submitted online to MoEFCC for seeking prior Environmental Clearance for its capacity expansion project on 22nd

August, 2014. The proposal was considered by the Reconstituted Expert Appraisal Committee (Industry-2) in its 28th meeting, held during 1st –2nd December’14 to determine the Terms of Reference (TOR) for undertaking detailed EIA study for obtaining Environmental Clearance(the minutes of the meeting attached as Annexure-IA).

The Committee noted that MoEF&CC has already issued TOR along with public hearing for Installation of Feed Preparation Unit (FPU) for Catalytic Dewaxing Unit (CDWU) at Haldia Refinery. The Committee suggested to update the said EIA-EMP report by taking this expansion into consideration. The Committee also desired some additional information (Annexure-IA & Table-1.0).

As suggested by the honourable committee, the EIA Report, already prepared for FPU project is updated, accommodating all the proposed projects for its submission to MoEFCC for the final appraisal for the grant of necessary Environmental Clearance.

The project is exempted from the purview of Public Hearing requirement under section 7 (ii) of EIA Notification, 2006 as public hearing was recently conducted for Feed Preparation Unit (FPU) for Catalytic Dewaxing Unit (CDWU) project.




TABLE – 1.0FINALIZED “TERMS OF REFERENCE” AND THEIR REFERENCE IN THE EIA

REPORTSL. NO.

FINALIZED “TERMS OF REFERENCE” REFERENCE IN THE EIA REPORT

1. Executive summary of the project. Prepared2. Project Description and Project Benefits. Chapter-2.0

Sections-2.4 & 2.53. A separate chapter on environmental

clearance accorded for all the existing plants along with point-wise compliance report. As per circular dated 30th May, 2012 issued by MoEF, a certified report by RO, MoEF on status of compliance of conditions on existing unit to be provided in EIA/EMP report.

Annexure- II

4. Point-wise compliance report to the ‘Consent to Establish’ ‘Consent to operate’ and Authorization accorded by West Bengal Pollution Control Board for all the existing units along with all the necessary annexure.

Annexure- III

5. Existing data for the last 2 years for all the relevant parameters should be included.

Annexure- IV

6. Site details including satellite imagery for 5 km around the site.

Chapter-3.0Section-3.0, Figure – 3.2Section-3.3, Figure-3.3.5

7. A list of industries within 10 km radius of the project.

Chapter-3.0Section-3.0

8. Details of facilities along with utilities to be provided for the proposed project.

Chapter-2.0Section-2.4.2 & 2.5

9. Manufacturing process details along with the chemical reactions and process flow diagram.

Chapter-2.0Sections-2.4.2

Figure-2.310. List of products along with the production

capacities and list of solvents and its recovery plan.


11. Detailed list of raw material required and source, mode of storage and transportation.

Chapter-2.0Sections-2.4.2 & 2.5

12. Details of the storage and technical specifications with safety aspects &





standards.13. Is there additional storage required for the

proposed installation ?Chapter-2.0Section-2.5.1

14. Proposal for safety buffer zone around the proposed site with map.

Chapter-3.0Section-3.0, Figure – 3.2

15. Details indicating National Park/Wild life Sanctuary/Eco sensitive area/reserve forest within 10 Km.

There is no National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary, Eco sensitive area & Reserve Forest within 10 km. radius of the Project Site.

16. Land use along with maps & cropping pattern, vegetation, ecology, flora & fauna


17. Demography & socio-economics of the area. Chapter-3.0Section-3.9

18. Baseline data collection for air, water and soil for the period of 3 months (except monsoon season) for: i. Ambient air quality monitoring for

PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx, CO.ii. Background levels of hydrocarbons

(methane & non-methane HC) and VOCs.

iii. Soil sample analysis.iv. Base line underground and surface

water quality in the vicinity of project.v. Climatology & meteorology including

wind speed, wind direction, temperature, rainfall etc.

vi. Measurement of noise levels.

Chapter-3.0Sections-3.5 (Air Quality),

3.2 (Soil), 3.6 & 3.7 (water),3.4 (Meteorology), 3.8 (Noise)

19. Give existing status of stack emission, raw water requirement, treated effluent quantity & quality data, noise pollution and solid waste management in the existing units.

Annexure- IV (Stack Data)

Chapter-2.0, Section-2.5.13 (Rawwater), Section-2.6

(Wastewater),Section-2.7 (Solid Waste)

20. Action plan to achieve smokeless flare should be included.

Annexure-V

21. Details of Sulphur balance in the existing refinery unit. Additional SO2 emissions due to the proposed product mix.

Chapter-2.0Sections-2.8

22. Unit-wise air pollution control devices to be Chapter-7.0




installed. Sections-7.2.123. Details of water consumption and source of

water supply, waste water generation, treatment and utilization of treated water generated from the facilities and effluent disposal and measures for release of effluent in case of fire.

Chapter-2.0Sections-2.5.13 & 2.6

24. Details of existing and proposed effluent treatment plant along with water quality of inlet and outlet of ETP.


25. Action plan to reduce wastewater discharge from the all existing units.

Chapter-2.0Section-2.6.4

26. Detailed solid waste generation, collection, segregation, its recycling and reuse, treatment and disposal.


27. Note on compliance to the recommendations mentioned in the CREP for oil refineries and petrochemical industries.


28. A note on implementation of new refinery standards for refineries.

Annexure-VI

29. Quantification of oil sludge generation from the existing and proposed refinery including management of the oil sludge in the existing refinery. Details of temporary storage for the oil sludge.

Chapter-2.0Section- 2.7

30. Details of catalyst waste generated from the refinery along with temporary storage facility at site. Action plan for disposal of the catalyst solid waste.


31. Status of existing secured landfill sites. Design details as well as ground water monitoring around the project site.


32. Details of membership of TSDF for hazardous waste disposal.

Annexure-VII

33. Assessment of impact on air, water, soil, solid/hazardous waste and noise levels.

Chapter-4.0

34. List of hazardous chemicals (as per MSIHC rule) with toxicity levels.


35. Earmarking of area for parking of Lorries at a remote location to avoid congestion.


36. Traffic management with adequate width of Chapter-7.0




approach road to avoid congestion and to have safe exit in emergencies.

Section-7.5.11

37. Type of seismic zone. Seismic Zone-III38. Environmental Management Plan and

industry’s environment policy.Chapter-7.0

39. Full Quantitative Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan should include:

a. Identification of hazards b. Consequence Analysis c. Determination of Individual Risk and Societal Riskd. List of last Major Refinery Incidents Globally in last 10 yearse. Proposed measures for risk reduction.

Chapter-6.0

40. Details of proposed Occupational Health Surveillance program for the employees and other labour.


41. Details including existing green belt developed. Action plan for development of green belt in 33%.


42. Total capital cost and recurring cost/annum for environmental pollution control measures. Break up details should also be included.

Chapter-8.0

43. Details of environmental management cell along with the qualification and duties of all the personnel involved.


44. Detailed Environment management Plan (EMP) with specific reference to details of air pollution control system, water & wastewater management, monitoring frequency, responsibility and time bound implementation plan for mitigation measure should be provided.

Chapters-2.0 & 7.0

45. Environmental monitoring programme including online stack monitoring system as well as continuous ambient air quality monitoring system. Method / System to be adopted to ensure correct calibration of automatic monitoring system.

Chapter-5.0

46. Details of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) including sufficient budgetary





provision for health improvement, education, water and electricity supply etc. in and around the project.

47. Any litigation pending against the project and /or any direction /order passed by any Court of Law against the project, if so, details thereof.

No litigation pendingagainst the project

48. A copy of Corporate Environment Policy as per the Ministry’s O.M. No. J-11013/41/2006-IA.II(I) dated 26th April, 2011 available on the Ministry’s website.

Annexure- VIII

Corporate Environmental Responsibility 49. (a) Does the company have a well laid down

Environment Policy approved by its Board of Directors? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA report.

(b) Does the Environmental Policy prescribe for standard operating process/procedures to bring into focus any infringement / deviation / violation of the environmental or forest norms / conditions? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA report.

(c) What is the hierarchical system or Administrative order of the company to deal with the environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the EC conditions. Details of this system may be given.

(d) Does the company have a system of reporting of non compliance / violations of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the company and / or shareholders or stakeholders at large? This reporting mechanism should be detailed in the EIA report.

Annexure-VIII

50. A tabular chart indicating point-wise compliance of the TOR.


Additional information, desired by Expert Appraisal Committee in its 28th meeting

i) Details of additional utilities to be installed Chapter-2.0Section-2.5

ii) Compliance report on the implementation of Annexure-VI




new standards for Refineryiii) Details of Sulphur balance in the existing

refinery unit and proposed expansion. Additional SO2 emissions due to the proposed product mix.


iv) Details of water consumption and source of water supply, waste water generation, treatment and utilisation of treated water generated from the facilities and effluent disposal and measures for release of effluent in case of fire. Water balance chart for the existing unit and proposed expansion.


Figure-2.8 A & 2.8 B (Water Balance Diagram )

v) Details of existing and proposed effluent treatment plant along with water quality characteristic of inlet and outlet of ETP


Figure-2.9 & 2.10vi) Issues raised during existing public hearing

and commitments made by the project proponent

Annexure-X

vii) Full Quantitative Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan should include:

a. Identification of hazards b. Consequence Analysis c. Determination of Individual Risk and Societal Risk d. List of last Major Refinery Incidents Globally in last 10 years e. Proposed measures for risk reduction.

Chapter-6.0

Project Description Envirotech East Pvt. Ltd.

Environmental Impact Assessment for Proposed Capacity Expansion from 7.5 MTPA to 8.0 MTPA along with Distillate Yield Improvement Project (DYIP) and Installation of Feed Preparation Unit (FPU) for Catalytic Dewaxing Unit


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CHAPTER-2PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 PROJECT HIGHLIGHTSThe principal features or highlights of the Proposed Capacity Expansion from 7.5 MTPA to 8.0 MTPA along with Proposed Distillate Yield Improvement Project (DYIP) and Installation of Feed Preparation Unit (FPU)for Catalytic Dewaxing Unit (CDWU) at Haldia Refinery under study are asfollows:

Location Haldia in East Midnapur district of West Bengal. Land requirement For capacity expansion project and proposed Feed

Preparation Unit (FPU) for Catalytic Dewaxing Unit (CDWU), no additional land shall be required.

In capacity expansion project, the existing CDU-Iand VDU-I shall be revamped. The proposed Feed Preparation Unit will be installed in the vacantplot (Area: 3600 m2), available near the existing OHCU within the refinery complex.

Delayed Coker project shall be housed in the 83 acres land, acquired from old Hindustan Fertilizer Corporation (HFC) on long-term lease basis.

Raw water Requirement & Source

Total 635 m3/hr. (550 m3/hr. for DYIP & 85m3/hr. for FPU & capacity expansion), which willbe met from the existing water supply system ofthe refinery.

Power Requirement & Source

30.34 MW (0.6 MW for capacity expansion; 29 MW for DYIP & 0.74 MW for FPU), which will be met from the existing power supply system of the refinery as well as importing Power from WBSEB.

Effluent Generation, Treatment & Disposal

Total 294 m3/hr., which will undergo necessarytreatment in the existing ETP before final discharge through the existing system.

SO2 Emission An additional 127 kg/hr. from the proposed project (18.2 kg/hr. from capacity expansion; 87.8 kg/hr. from DYIP & 21 kg/hr. from FPU).




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2.2 PLANT LOCATION AND LAYOUTThe plant site of the Haldia refinery is located at Haldia in East Midnapur district in the state of West Bengal, about 130 km. south-west of Kolkata. Located at the south-eastern part of the Haldia town, the plant site is bounded by the Hooghly river in the south, Haldia Dock Complex (HDC) and Greenbelt channel in the west, Haldia Petrochemicals and Greenbelt channel in the north, TATA Steel in the east. The IOC Township is in the south-west and the main town of Haldia is in the north-west of the refinery.

No additional land shall be required for capacity expansion project and proposed Feed Preparation Unit (FPU) for Catalytic Dewaxing Unit (CDWU). In capacity expansion project, the existing CDU-I and VDU-I shall be revamped. The proposed Feed Preparation Unit (FPU) will be set up in the vacant plot of 3600 m2, available near the existing OHCU within the refinery complex. Delayed Coker project shall be housed in the 83 acres land, acquired from old Hindustan Fertilizer Corporation (HFC) on long-term lease basis. Plant layout depicting the existing as well as proposed units/facilities has been presented in Figure-2.1.

2.3 EXISTING CAPACITY OF HALDIA REFINERY Haldia Refinery (HR) of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) was commissioned in 1974 with a crude processing capacity of 2.5 million metric tonnes per annum (MMTPA). Subsequently, over the years, a number of modernisation/ debottlenecking projects have been carried out for capacity augmentation and improvement of product pattern. The refinery now has two crude distillation units (CDU) with the crude processing level of 7.5 MMTPA.

2.4 PROPOSED PROJECT

A) Capacity ExpansionHaldia Refinery has proposed for expansion of Refinery capacity from 7.5 MMTPA to 8.0 MMTPA by revamping existing CDU-I (from 3.3 to 3.8 MMTPA) & VDU-I (from 1.5 to 1.7 MMTPA). The capacity increase shall be achieved by doing some modifications in the existing units, the major ones envisaged as under:

For CDU-I revamp

Desalter change Modification in feed preheat network Modifications in furnace Prefractionator column and Main Fractionator column internals change

& nozzles’ augmentation Replacement of pumps




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For VDU-I revamp

Main Vacuum Fractionator column internals change & nozzles’ augmentation

Replacement of pumps Modification in preheat network Replacement of ejector system

B) Distillate Yield Improvement Project (DYIP)Haldia Refinery is the fourth in the chain of seven refineries of Indian Oil Corporation Limited. It is one of the four refineries in the country producing Lube Oil Base Stock (LOBS).

At present, Haldia Refinery typically processes about 72% High Sulphur (HS) crude that is needed to produce LOBS. The processing of HS crude results in higher black oil generation. In absence of any processing facility to upgrade black oil, it is converted to low value products like High Sulphur Furnace Oil (HSFO) and Bitumen, thereby resulting in lower distillate yield. The yield of Haldia Refinery for the year 2006-07 is summarized below along with that after OHCU project:

Particulars 2006-07 Post OHCUCrude intake, MMTPA 5.8 7.5Distillate yield (excluding LOBS) 62.5% 67.3%LOBS, TMTPA(yield on crude)

195(3.4%)

247(3.3%)

Yield of high-value products 65.9% (70.6%)FO, TMTPA 996 805Bitumen, TMTPA 409 630Total FO/Bitumen, TMTPA 1405 1435Yield of FO/Bitumen on crude 24.3% 19.1%

As can be seen from the above, the yield of low-value black oil products like FO/Bitumen in the year 2006-07 is about 24 wt% on crude t’put resulting in poor distillate yield of about 63wt%. With about 3.4 wt% production of LOBS, the total yield of high-value product is 65.9 wt%. After the commissioning of OHCU project, yield of high-value product has improved to 70.6 wt% while there is reduction in FO/Bitumen yield to 19.1 wt%. After OHCU project, the production of FO/Bitumen remains at the same level as before, and the reduction in FO/Bitumen percentage yield is due to divisor effect. Further, in order to produce on grade HSFO, lot of cutter stock is used, which otherwise could have increased distillate yield. Hence, the yield of total value-added product in Haldia Refinery is not raised beyond about 71 wt% even after




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OHCU project.

It is evident from the above that Haldia Refinery requires suitable facilities to upgrade black oil. This will benefit the refinery in two ways:

Higher profitability due to improvement in yield of valuable distillate products.

Elimination of HSFO due to its declining demand considering stricter environmental norms and future projection of natural gas availability in the country.

Hence, there is a requirement of installation of additional secondary processing facility at Haldia Refinery to upgrade bottom of barrels to middle / light distillates.

Delayed Coking Unit (DCU) is a time-tested, cheap and proven technology worldwide for upgradation of black oil. This technology is already in operation at various plants of IndianOil as well as Reliance, Essar, Bharat Oman etc., which are also contemplating to adopt DCU due to its economic benefit.

The main advantage of Coking technology is that it is a simple low-pressure thermal cracking process for black oil upgradation unlike catalytic hydro-processing technology which requires high capital investment due to very high-pressure operation and superior metallurgy. The adoption of Coking technology also leads to lower operating cost as compared to hydro-processing technology to upgrade black oil. Further, Coking technology can process any feed including those derived from heavy crudes like Maya, Rawa etc. whereas hydro-processing technology is governed by CCR, asphaltenes and metal content in feed. DCU enables to increase HS crude processing capacity. These features of DCU give it unmatched advantage for black oil upgradation irrespective of input crude basket.

Keeping the above in view, DCU is adopted for Haldia Refinery which would enable black oil upgradation, beside processing increased quantity of High Sulphur crude as well as heavy crude.

Hence, Distillate Yield Improvement Project (DYIP) has been proposed, wherein units such as Delayed Coker Unit (1.7 MMTPA), Coker Gas Oil Hydrotreater Unit (1.4 MMTPA) and Coker LPG treating Unit (70 TMTPA) are considered for improving distillate yield of the refinery.

C) Feed Preparation Unit for Catalytic Dewaxing Unit (CDWU)Haldia Refinery has been producing Gr-I LOBS by conventional solvent-dewaxing since commissioning of Lube Oil facility in 1976. Manufacture of API-Gr-II LOBS commenced with commissioning of Catalytic Dewaxing Unit (licensed by ExxonMobil) in 2002-03. At present, Haldia Refinery typically produces a total of around 230-240 TMTPA of LOBS, of which approximately 50-55% is of API Gr-II variety. API Gr-II LOBS production ex Haldia Refinery




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has been predominately dependent on raffinate hydrotreatment/hydrodewaxing. This inherently generates low-value black oil (extract). Also, raffinate yield ex Solvent Extraction Units being approx. 50%, vacuum distillate requirement is high, thus lowering refinery distillate yield. Furthermore, currently there is no facility for API Gr-III LOBS production from Haldia Refinery.

In Post-OHCU scenario, HR has commenced production of API Gr-II LOBS production through existing CDWU by processing admixture of bulk UCO and requisite amount of raffinate (in order to meet minimum feed ‘S’ and kinematic viscosity of final Lube products). Although this step has been found instrumental in reduction of refinery black oil pool volume (vis-à-vis increase in distillate yield), certain drawbacks are existing, as outlined hereunder:

Low DWO product yield (due to bulk dewaxing) Off-spec sidecut product generation (higher kV material) Requirement of substantial amount of solvent-extracted Raffinate derived

from High-‘S’ Lube Bearing Crude

To extract complete lube potential from UCO and circumvent aforementioned problems, bulk UCO needs to be vacuum-fractioned into waxy heart-cuts for onward processing in CDW to meet final LOBS products’ specs. Processing of neat UCO (or fractionated cuts of the same) in CDW is not feasible as function of Hydrotreater reactor catalyst (upstream of dewaxing reactor) will be lost due to Sulfur leaching from active metal sulfides, should the feed be totally desulphurized (i.e. neat UCO). Hence, CDW shall need minor admixing of raffinate in the heart-cut streams.

With the implementation of proposed facility, it is envisaged that Haldia Refinery shall be able to produce 100% Gr-III LOBS (of 70N/150N/500N grades).

Estimated Capacity of proposed UCO Vacuum Fractionation Unit (Feed Preparation Unit, FPU) shall be 650 TMTPA.

The present study considers proposed Capacity Expansion from 7.5 MTPA to 8 MTPA along with Distillate Yield Improvement Project (DYIP) and Installation of Feed Preparation Unit for Catalytic Dewaxing Unit (CDWU), for which following facilities are required to be installed:




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PROCESS UNITS CAPACITY


Revamp of Existing CDU-I From existing 3.3 MTPA to 3.8 MTPA

Revamp of Existing VDU-I From existing 1.5 MTPA to 1.7 MTPA


Delayed Coking Unit (DCU) 1.7 MMTPACoker Gas Oil Hydrotreater Unit

(CGO HDTU)1.4 MMTPA

Coker LPG MEROX Unit 70 TMTPA

Sulphur Recovery Unit (SRU) 80 TPD

Amine Treating Unit (ATU) 260 TPH

Sour Water Stripper (SWS) 65 TPH

C) Feed Preparation Unit 650 TMTPA

The capacity of existing units as well as the proposed unit of the refinery is given in Table-2.1.

The product pattern of Haldia Refinery after the implementation of FPU, DYIP and CDU-I/VDU-I revamp projects and considering implementation of 100% BS-IV fuel norms is given in Table-2.2.

The overall Block Flow Diagram of Haldia Refinery including the proposed projects is given as Figure-2.2.

2.5 PROCESS DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED PROJECT

2.5.1 Delayed Coker UnitDelayed Coking is a thermal process in which a residuum material is rapidly heated in a furnace and then thermally cracked in coke drums under proper conditions of temperature and pressure. Products from the coking section and gas plant of this Delayed Coker Unit (DCU) are Fuel Gas, Amine Treated C3/C4 LPG, Stabilized Naphtha, Light Coker Gas Oil (LCGO), Heavy Coker Gas Oil (HCGO), and Coke. Delayed Coking is an endothermic reaction with the furnace supplying the necessary heat of reaction. The exact mechanism of coking is so complex that it is not possible to determine all the chemical reactions occurring. Three distinct steps, however, do take place:




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- Partial vaporization and mild cracking (visbreaking) of the feed as it passes through the furnace.

- Cracking of the vapor as it passes through the drum. - Successive cracking and polymerization of the liquid trapped in the drum

until it is converted to vapor and coke.

The yields and quality of the products are directly related to three process variables: - Temperature - Pressure - Throughput Ratio (TPR)

This unit is designed for processing a feed consisting of residuum material. The feed is preheated with various product streams and fed into the bottom of the fractionation tower. The hot hydrocarbon from coke chamber is also introduced here. The hot feed then fed into the furnace and heated to a temperature of about 5000C. The feed is thermally cracked in the furnace and the cracked product is fed into the coke chamber. Coke chamber provides the necessary residence time where a number of reactions like cracking, polymerization etc. take place.

The cracked gases leave from the top of the coke chamber and routed to evaporator section of the fractionation tower to pass through the feed. Coke formation takes place in the coke chamber due to cracking and subsequent polymerization.

Once the coke chamber is filled up with coke, another coke chamber is lined up. The filled up coke chamber is first steam purged then cooled with water before removal of Petcoke by cutting with high-pressure water jet.

The hot gases from evaporator fed into the fractionator to separate out different cuts. Overhead gas from the fractionator is routed for LPG recovery. The recovered LPG will be treated for Mercaptan removal, while Fuel gas after Amine treatment will be used in furnace. The other products from DCU are Coker Naphtha, Light Coker Gas Oil (LCGO) and Heavy Coker Gas Oil (HCGO). Coker Naphtha will go for PX production. LCGO & HCGO streams are further processed in CGO-treater.

The Process Flow Diagram of the proposed Delayed Coking Unit (DCU) is shown as Figure-2.3.

2.5.2 Coker Gas Oil Hydrotreater Unit (CGO HDTU)The basic objective of the unit is to hydro-treat LCGO and HCGO alongwith some straight run material like SR VGO so that sulphur and nitrogen content




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of HCGO is reduced to tolerable limit for processing in OHCU and RFCC. This unit also improves cetane index of diesel component. LCGO and HCGO after being heated with reactor effluent are fed to the reactor through charge heater. The make-up and recycle hydrogen are added to the fresh feed upstream of the charge heater. Hydrogen quench is added between the catalyst beds to control the exothermocity. Reactor effluent after exchanging heat with cold feed is separated into liquid and vapor in the hot separator.

The hot vapors from the hot separator after exchanging heat with cold streams are condensed in the air coolers before entering the cold high-pressure separator. Wash water is added to prevent fouling of air coolers. The hydrogen rich gas, liquid hydrocarbon and sour water are separated here. The hydrogen rich gas from cold high-pressure separator is recycled to reactor after amine treatment along with make up Hydrogen. The hydrocarbon liquid from cold high-pressure separator is sent to cold flash drum.

The liquid from hot high-pressure separator is sent to hot flash drum after reducing its pressure. The vapour from hot flash drum is cooled before going to cold flash drum, while the liquid from hot flash drum is sent to fractionation section. The liquid from cold flash drum is also sent to fractionation section. Sour water is let down under level control to the sour water stripping unit. From fractionation section, Gas, Naphtha, treated diesel component and polished HCGO are recovered.

2.5.3 Coker LPG MEROX UnitThe Coker LPG is mixed with dilute caustic upstream of the caustic pre-wash vessel for removal of Hydrogen sulphide which then flows to the extractor. Mercaptan extraction is achieved in a multi-tray column using strong aqueous caustic solution containing a small amount of soluble reagent. Treated LPG exits the top of the extraction column and enters a caustic knock out pot followed by a sand filter to remove the entrained caustic.

Mercaptide rich caustic from the Extraction column is routed through a small steam heater to establish the correct temperature in the oxidizer. Air is then injected into the stream as it flows upward through the oxidizer where the soluble sodium mercaptide readily converts to hydrophobic disulphide oil in the presence of reagent. The resulting three phase mixture of spent oil, disulphide oil, and regenerated caustic solution passes from the top of the oxidizer to the Disulphide Separator.

Excess spent air is disengaged in the Disulphide separator stack and vented to the nearby process heater. The disulphide oil separates from the regenerated caustic phase in the body of the disulphide separator from where it can be decanted while the strong caustic complete with the reagent is returned to the Extraction column for further duty.




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2.5.4 Sulphur Recovery Unit (SRU)The unit will be designed for 99.9% sulphur recovery efficiency. Sulphur is recovered from hydrogen sulphide rich gases obtained from the Amine Regeneration unit and Sour Water Stripper. Mixture of Acid gases and sour gases entering the unit is measure and mixed with the required amount of air, which is supplied by air blowers. Air and gases are burnt in the main burner to convert one-third of the hydrogen sulphide to sulphur dioxide, which is then reacted with remaining hydrogen sulphide to produce sulphur. The heat of reaction and heat of condensation are recovered in a waste heat boiler to produce steam. Then the process gas is introduced in the first condenser in which it is cooled. Here the sulphur vapors are condensed to separate out molten from the gas.

The gas then passes though two stages of Clause reactor for catalytic conversion. Each stage is preceded by a re-heater to attain optimum temperature for catalytic reaction and succeeded by a condenser for separating out molten sulphur from process gas.

Then the process gas passes through to the Tail Gas treatment section. This section essentially consists of heating and reduction, cooling and quenching and H2S absorption, stripping and recycle sections. In the first stage tail gas is heated and reacted with H2 or reducing gas. All sulphur bearing compounds are reduced to H2S. The hot gas from the highly exothermic reaction is cooled in the waste heat exchanger and quenched in a water quench tower to ambient temperature. Finally the H2S is absorbed in MDEA. Vent gas from the absorber is to be incinerated before discharging to the atmosphere. Rich amine is stripped in conventional manner and H2S rich stream is recycled back to the front of the Claus section.

2.5.5 Amine Treating Unit (ATU)H2S rich gases enter the bottom of the Amine absorber column while lean Amine solution enters from the top. As gases move up the column, they are washed off with a counter current flow of amine solution, which selectively absorbs H2S from the gases. Sweet fuel gas leaves the absorber from the top of the column and goes to the fuel gas system. Rich amine solution leaving the absorber column bottom is sent to Amine Regeneration section where H2S is stripped from Rich Amine by reboiling to produce Lean amine from regenerator column bottom which is recycled again for H2S absorption while stripped H2S drawn from the reflux drum of regenerator is sent to SRU for recovery of Sulphur.

2.5.6 Sour Water Stripper (SWS)Sour water contains ammonia (NH3) and Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S) which are stripped off in SWS. Sour water from the units is received in a sour water




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drum. Flashed vapors containing small quantities of H2S & NH3 and hydrocarbon are routed to acid gas flare. Oil carryover, if any is skimmed off from drum and drained to OWS. From the drum, sour water is sent to the stripper column where H2S & NH3 are stripped by reboiling and recovered from column top and sent to SRU for recovery of Sulphur. Stripped sour water from column bottom is sent either to Hydro processing unit as wash water or to OWS.

2.5.2 Feed Preparation Unit

Technology

Catalytic Dewaxing Technology for production of Gr-II/III LOBS was developed & marketed since the early 90’s by M/s ExxonMobil Research & Engineering and Chevron Lummus Global, either by raffinate hydrotreatment followed by hydroisomerisation, or by hydrodewaxing of hydrocrackate residue. Apart from the existing CDW Unit at Haldia Refinery, in the recent past, this technology has also been adopted in our country by Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. & Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd. etc. The subject proposal envisages adoption of hydrodewaxing technology to manufacture LOBS from UCO (hydrocracker residue).

The main advantage of using UCO for dewaxing is that it is a clean & simple once through operation and does not require production of raffinate, which in turn, stops the generation of extract, ultimately leading to reduction in the refinery FO pool. Following this route, even inferior crudes (low VI) can be suitably processed to produce high quality lube stock.

Keeping the above in view, production of Gr-II LOBS using UCO as Feedstock is proposed at Haldia Refinery which would reduce overall black oil generation, besides commencing processing of non lube bearing crudes.

With installation of FPU, HR shall be able to produce API Gr-III LOBS.

Process DescriptionBlock flow diagram for LOBS production with FPU-CDW is given inFigure-2.4.

The FPU vacuum distillation column is designed to separate the bottom




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stream from the OHCU main fractionator in the existing OHCU into Waxy500N, Waxy 150N, and Waxy 70N cuts as feeds to the existing CIDW unit toproduce finished LOBS.

The bottom product from the OHCU fractionator is sent directly to the newFPU vacuum column before being cooled in the air cooler. This hot residuestream is further heated in FPU feed furnace to the temperature requiredto feed the FPU vacuum column.

Waxy 500N lube base oil feed is recovered as the bottom product from FPUvacuum column and waxy 150N and waxy 70N components are drawn assidecuts. Any excess waxy draws not required for lube base oil production aresent to the FCC unit.

Heat is recovered from waxy 500N lube oil from bottom of the FPU vacuumcolumn and side draws in steam generators and subsequently these waxystreams are cooled in air coolers before being routed to intermediate tankage.

Feed Preparation Unit (FPU) location has been earmarked on available plotarea adjoining existing OHCU and the same has been enclosed as Figure-2.5.

Equipment Layout Plan of Feed Preparation Unit (FPU) is shown as Figure-2.6.

2.5 OFFSITE AND ASSOCIATED FACILITIESThe existing infrastructure of the refinery will be utilized for meeting all such requirement of the proposed project to the maximum possible extent. The DM water/ BFW requirement will be met from the existing facilities of the refinery. Similarly, Service, Drinking and Raw water requirement shall also be met from the existing facilities. Existing fire water facilities for OHCUblock shall be suitably extended to cater for the new plot area.

The following additional facilities along with the other existing facilities are further elaborated under the proposed FPU project:

2.5.1 Storage Tanks Haldia Refinery has severe land constraint. Hence, while finalizing tankagerequirement, it has been endeavored to use existing tanks to the extentpossible. It is proposed to install FPU in the available space adjoining theHydrocracker plant. For FPU, no new feed tank is required as the feed shall be coming to the section directly from OHCU. For the products, mere




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conversions of existing six (06) nos. raffinate tanks shall be required.

For CDU-I & VDU-I revamp, no additional feed/product tanks shall be required.

Under DYIP, no additional storage tanks for feed/products are considered. Only conversion of six (06) nos. of extant fuel oil tanks shall serve the purpose. However, DM water & Raw Water tanks are considered under the scope of the project.

2.5.2 Nitrogen No new Nitrogen generation facility shall be required post project. The existing system shall fulfill the future requirement.

Nitrogen requirement at different stages of the project is expected to be as under:

SCENARIO/ PROJECT N2 REQUIREMENT (Nm3/h)Existing 1868FPU 10DYIP 135CDU-I/ VDU-I Revamp 50TOTAL (After Proposed Project)

2063

2.5.3 Flare The flare load ex proposed FPU shall be approximately 50 MT/h. This loadcan be taken care of by existing flare (Capacity: 796 Tons/hr). However, flarepiping with structures for necessary tie-ins with existing OHCU Flare line shall be provided.

Based on relief data of Residue Upgradation project at Gujarat Refinery, the prorated combined flare loads from DCU and CGO-treater are expected to be 77 Tons/hr and 320 Tons/hr for cooling water failure and power failure cases respectively. However, a new flare has been considered for DYIP (DCU, CGO-Treater & Coker LPG) project.

2.5.4 Instrument Air Dryer and Receiver Presently the total instrument air requirement in the refinery is approx 13900 Nm3/h. With the proposed projects, the scenario shall be as under:




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SCENARIO/ PROJECT AIR REQUIREMENT (Nm3/h)Existing 13900FPU 150DYIP 1928CDU-I/ VDU-I Revamp 910TOTAL (After Proposed Project)

16888

It may be noted that post commissioning of delayed coker, for idling of extant PDA & VBU, the air requirement shall get reduced by 310 Nm3/h.

2.5.5 Fuel oil and Fuel gas system The necessary facilities considered in the project include Fuel oil day tank, Fuel oil steam heater, Fuel oil transfer pumps, Fuel gas KO drum along with required piping.

2.5.6 Cooling Water SystemPresently, the total cooling water circulation rate in the refinery is approx.36000 m3/h. With the proposed projects, the corresponding figures shall be as under:

SCENARIO/ PROJECT COOLING WATER FLOW (m3/h)

Existing 36000FPU 2442DYIP 7370CDU-I/ VDU-I Revamp 900TOTAL (After Proposed Project)

46712

However, following points may be noted:

a) Post commissioning of delayed coker unit, extant PDA & VBU are envisaged to be idled. Hence the CW circulation shall get reduced by (3582 + 1134) = 4716 m3/h.

b) Post commissioning of FPU, extant FEU t’put shall be reduced by 13 tph, whereby the CW requirement is expected to reduce by 232 m3/h.

Hence, effective CW circulation requirement is expected to be in the range of 40000 m3/h post project.

To cater additional CW requirement of 2442 m3/h (max load of FPU),existing OHCU Cooling Tower shall be augmented by addition of one extra




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cell (3000 m3/h capacity) and requisite accessories (Pump, valves/pipingetc).

For DYIP, 3 new Cooling Towers (2 working & 1 standby), each of 4000 m3/h capacity are proposed.

2.5.7 DM Water SystemDM Water balance pre-project & post-project is expected to be as under:

SCENARIO/ PROJECT DM WATER REQUIREMENT (m3/h)

Existing 400FPU 6DYIP 160CDU-I/ VDU-I Revamp NilTOTAL (After Proposed Project)

566

Two nos. of RO-based DM Plants (each of 160 m3/h capacity) shall be set up under DYIP to cater to the augmented need for DM Water post-project.

2.5.8 Condensate Recovery System Provision has been kept in the proposal for collection of condensate generated in the system for re-use.

2.5.9 Dispatch facility Existing system will cater to the requirement of additional products except for Petcoke for which necessary road despatch facility has been considered along with coke handling system for shifting Petcoke from DCU to loading point. Haldia being a port-refinery, Petcoke can also be despatched through port using ore berth/material handling jetty. Based on the present proposal, about 1200 tons/day of Petcoke would be generated. Considering vessel size of 15,000 to 20,000 tons, ships can be loaded after every 12-15 days. For this purpose, existing railway track may be extended to port area (about 2-3 km). Each rake of 40 wagons can carry upto 2600 tons of Petcoke (65 tons/wagon), implying rakes would be required after every alternate day which could be used for ship loading as well as rail movement to other destinations. Preliminary discussions with concerned authorities indicate the feasibility of such options. However, these options will be taken up in details after confirmation from respective authorities during the time of final investment approval.




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2.5.10 Control room and Substation Based on the information for similar facility under Residue upgradation project at Gujarat Refinery, a Control room and Substation have been included in the proposal along with necessary transformer, Switch gear, HT cable, DCS, Air-conditioning system etc. under DYIP.

It is proposed to install the DCS for FPU at the existing OHCU control room, after necessary modifications. Existing Electrical substation for OHCU Unit shall cater to the load for the new Unit.

2.5.11 Offsite piping Besides the above, necessary offsite piping, tie-in with existing system and structures have been considered.

2.5.12 Power No additional power generation facility is envisaged under the proposed projects. Instead, Haldia Refinery has initiated proposal for importing 40 MVA power from state grid (WBSEB) for usage in the refinery in post-project scenario.

The existing and the proposed scenarios, pertaining to the power requirement are as under:

SCENARIO/ PROJECT POWER REQUIREMENT (MW)

Existing 60FPU 0.74DYIP 29CDU-I/ VDU-I Revamp 0.6TOTAL (After Proposed Project)

90.34

2.5.13 WaterExisting requirement of water is met by the water supply from Geonkhali Water Supply System and 16 deep tube wells, located within the refinery premises. The total fresh water requirement at the existing refinery operation is around 635 m3/hr. After the installation of the proposed project, additional

635 m3/hr. fresh water will be required (550 m3/hr. for DYIP & 85 m3/hr. for FPU & capacity expansion), which will be met from the existing water supply system of the refinery. A new raw water tank of 10000 capacity is proposed in the new project.




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Figure-2.8 presents the Water Balance & the Effluent Generation of the refinery operation after the installation of the proposed projects.

The refinery is provided with fire water network with adequate facility of water storage to meet the double fire contingency.

2.6 WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT2.6.1 Types and Quantum of Waste Water

There are a number of sources where liquid effluents get generated at the refinery which ultimately are routed to the effluent treatment plant (ETP) for treatment. The principal wastewater streams are oily effluents, chemical effluents (from caustic washing), storm water and sanitary wastewater from the refinery.

There are a number of sources where liquid effluents get generated at the refinery which ultimately are routed to the effluent treatment plant (ETP) for treatment. The principal wastewater streams are oily effluents, chemical effluents (from caustic washing), storm water and sanitary wastewater from the refinery.

2.6.2 Wastewater Treatment FacilitiesHaldia refinery has a full-fledged Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) for treating the effluents generated from the refinery. Segregated sewers have been provided for oily effluent, chemical effluent and sanitary waste water. These are routed to the ETP for treatment before discharging from the refinery.

In the year 2003, the ETP has been augmented to treat 650 m3/hr of effluent on continuous basis to further improve the quality of treated effluent.

A brief description of the augmentation/ modernization of ETP is given below:

Oily water collected from various units/ offsite areas is brought to ETP by underground sewer network to the influent sump of ETP and is pumped to the holding tank with the help of booster pumps. In the holding tank, oil and water is separated. Free floated oil is collected as slop oil. Effluent from the holding tank flows by gravity to the equalization pond via API separators for further skimming of free oil. Then, the effluent from equalization pond is pumped to the chemical treatment section.

In chemical treatment section, Alum solution, H2O2 and De-oiling Poly Electrolyte (DOPE) solution are dosed. The oil free effluent from Dissolved Air Floatation (DAF) is pumped to a bio-tower.

The effluent from bio-tower is taken to aeration tanks by gravity. From the




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aeration tanks, the effluent along with the biomass flows to both the clarifiers. The settled solids from clarifiers from the return sludge flows by gravity to the inner sump. The sludge from the inner sump is recycled back to the aeration tanks to maintain the level of Mixed Liquor Suspended Solid (MLSS). From time to time, the excess sludge is routed to biological sludge drying bed.

The clarified effluent flows to the filter feed sump. From the filter feed sump, the clarified effluent is pumped to pressure sand filters first and then to activated carbon filters. A portion of the filtered effluent is then routed to refinery cooling towers as make up. Balance effluent is routed to the treated water pond and a portion of water is recycled to the process units and fire water system and then balance water is disposed off to river Hooghly only ensuring that it meets all the quality requirements, stipulated by statutory bodies like State Pollution Control Board (SPCB) and Central Control Board (CPCB).

A schematic Flow Diagram of the ETP is shown in Figure-2.9.

Another ETP plant of capacity 600 m3/hr has been constructed along with the Hydro-cracker Project.

Further, to achieve the maximum reuse of treated effluent water, RO-based Tertiary treatment plant with capacity of 1250 m3/hr was commissioned.

The liquid effluent discharged from refinery totally complies with the quality as well as the quantity requirements specified under new MINAS (Minimal National Standard) for the various Pollutants throughout the year.

2.6.3 Type and Quantum of Waste WaterThe waste water, to be generated from the operation of the proposed projects project will be increased by around 294 m3/hr, which will undergo the necessary treatment in the existing ETPs of the refinery before the discharge through the existing system.

The waste water generation at the different stages of the project are as under:

SCENARIO/ PROJECT WASTE WATER GENERATION (m3/hr.)

EXISTING PROJECT 850PROPOSED PROJECTDYIP 168.5FPU & CDU-I/ VDU-I Revamp

35.5

Miscellaneous 90Total 294




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TOTAL (After Proposed Project)

1144

At present, refinery ETP load is around 850 m3/h., which will increase to 1144 m3/h. after the implementation of the proposed projects. The designcapacity of the existing ETPs is 1250 m3/hr. (Old ETP-650 m3/h & New ETP-600 m3/h). Hence, spare capacity is available in the existing ETPs for treatment of the additional effluent water from the proposed projects.

2.6.4 Action Plan for Reduction of Wastewater Discharge from All Existing UnitsAs discussed above, Haldia Refinery is having two Effluent Treatment plants for treating total effluent water generated from process units and offsite and storm/surface runoff water. The effluent water & surface runoff water is physico-chemically & biologically treated in ETP. The quality of treated water is better than the revised MINAS on continuous basis. But to reduce the fresh water consumption, maximization of recycling of ETP treated effluent water is prime focus of Refinery. To achieve the maximum reuse of treated effluent water, RO-based Tertiary treatment plant with capacity of 1250 m3/hr was commissioned. The tertiary treatment plant for ETP treated water is having latest technologies of DMF, UF, and MCF & Reverse osmosis. After treatingthe ETP treated water in TTP, it is being reused as cooling tower make up water and DM water. With the commissioning & operation of TTP, the refinery has substantially reduced the discharge of valuable water and increased the recycle/reuse of effluent water, which has helped to reduce the consumption of fresh water for Refinery operation.

Brief Process description of Tertiary Treatment Plant (TTP)The effluent from both the ETPs is first fed to High Rate Solid Contact Clarifier (HRSCC) is provided for reduction of reactive silica and removal of hardness to make it suitable for further treatment. HRSCC is having two chambers one is reaction zone and another clarification zone. In reaction zone chemicals like, Lime, Soda ash, and Dolomite are dosed. Purpose of dosing lime-soda is for removal of temporary as well as permanent hardness & to increase pH of effluent to desired level suitable for silica removal. Dolomite comprises of CaO & MgO. The MgO present in the dolomite precipitates as Mg (OH) 2 and the silica is adsorbed in the Mg (OH)2 as sludge.

The Reaction zone is provided with a turbine with suitable drive to enhance the mixing and in turn the contact between the solids. From the reaction zone the effluent will enter into the clarification zone where, settling of the solids shall take place. Chemical sludge generated from HRSCC shall be drained by gravity to oily and chemical sludge sump and the treated water is then routed to DMF feed tank via gravity.




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The effluent from DMF feed tank is pumped by DMF feed pumps to Dual media filters, operating in parallel. Dual media filter are sand filters packed with sand of variable particle sizes supported on gravel bed and suitable depth of anthracite.

The filtrate through DMF is routed through Basket strainers to prevent the particulate matter from entering the UF modules. The filtrate from strainer is routed to Ultra filtration system for the removal of colloidal suspended solids and residual oil and grease etc which have escaped the DMF system.

Filtered water from DMF outlet will go to UF units via micro filtration system like basket strainers before entering the UF membranes. Ultra filtration is a dead end filtration, low pressure hollow fiber membrane process in which particulate colloidal and high molecular weight material is filtered from water. UF module consists of several UF membranes. The pore size of the membrane is such that it allows clear water free from suspended impurities to flow through but retains any colloidal particles and macromolecules.

Operation of complete UF system, including backwash is PLC controlled. Adequate instrumentation is provided for safety measures. To prevent passage of fine suspended solids to the RO membrane, Micron Cartridge Filter is provided. This filter removes all suspended solids of size up to 5 micron. For the development of High pressure required to RO System vertical multistage Centrifugal pumps are provided.

Filtered water from UF is collected in to RO feed tank and then pumped to Reverse Osmosis system–I via MCF-I. To prevent passes of fine suspended solids to RO membrane, Micro cartridge filters (MCF) are provided before the RO System. This system will remove all suspended solids of size up to 5 micron. For adjusting the pH, acid dosing system with dosing tank & pump is provided prior to the RO block. Reverse Osmosis units generate two streams, one with reduced TDS (permeate) and another one rich in TDS (reject). Reverse Osmosis is a cross-flow filtration, high-pressure spiral-wound fouling resistant membrane process which produces permeate (product water stream low in TDS) which is transferred to DG tower.

The transport of water through the membrane is through the physical pores present in the membrane (porosity), or by diffusion from one bonding site to another within the membrane. Chemical nature of the membrane is such that it will absorb and pass water preferentially to dissolved salts at the solid/liquid interface. This may occur by weak chemical bonding of the water to the membrane surface or by dissolution of the water within the membrane structure. Chemical and physical nature of the membrane determines its ability to allow for preferential transport of solvent (water) over solute (salt ions).




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The RO system comprises of RO membranes housed in Pressure tube. Necessary instrumentation is provided for monitoring and safe operation of system.RO permeate generated from RO-I system is routed to Degassed tower for removal of dissolved carbon dioxide. Degasser air blowers are used to supply air to degasser. Permeate after degasser tower is collected in RO permeate tank and from this tank water is further pumped to the existing cooling tower area and RO-III system. Rejects generated from RO-I system is directly pumped through booster & turbo arrangement to RO-II system. Permeate from RO-II system is routed to RO permeate tank via Degassed tower and reject to River header. Permeate collected in RO permeate tank is pumped to Reverse Osmosis-III system for further reduction of total dissolved solids. Permeate generated from RO III system is collected in MB feed tank-I. Rejects generated from RO III system is routed to RO-I Feed tank.

RO-III permeate from MB feed tank is pumped to DM plant. For final polishing of permeate water to produce DM water quality, permeate is passed through mixed bed exchanger (MB) unit which contains cation and anion resin beds. Final removal of Silica and TDS will be carried out through resin route in the MB unit to achieve the desired DM water quality.

Frequent cleaning of RO is required for satisfactory operation of RO for long time. RO chemical cleaning system consists of tanks, with separate agitators and pumps. Acid Dosing, Antiscalant Dosing, Dechlorination (SMBS) Dosing etc.

A schematic Flow Diagram of the TTP is shown in Figure-2.10.

2.6.5 Compliance with StandardsThe ETPs were designed to meet MINAS stipulation. A comparison of MINAS and the treated effluent quality showed that the treated effluent standard is well within MINAS regulations both qualitatively and quantitatively. After the commissioning of the proposed project, pollution load will increase marginally and the treated effluent will meet new MINAS both qualitatively and quantitatively.

2.6.6 Management of Storm WaterThe storm water from different areas of the refinery are collected in catch pits at different locations from where free oil, if any, is recovered and clear effluent is released to the green belt.

To improve the quality of storm water discharged from the refinery Storm Water Management System has been installed and commissioned in 2003.

The storm water from the major catch pits (where there is a likelihood of oil




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contaminated storm water) is routed to the equalization tank by providing two numbers of pumps in each catch pit. The free-floating oil in the equalization tank is skimmed off and is sent to the oil pit by gravity. The sludge from the equalization tank after removal of floating material flows through a set of Tilted Plate Interceptors (TPI) for further separation of floating material, if any. From TPI separator, the water flows through coke bed to separate suspended solid particles. The polished water from coke bed is routed to green belt by gravity. There is also a provision to further treat this water in Augmented ETP. The Storm Water Management System is shown in Figure-2.10.

2.7 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENTThe raw oily sludge, generated during tank M & I is removed from tank and transferred to Melting Pit for heat treatment for oily recovery. In the Melting Pit, oil is separated and recovered oil thus extracted, is pumped to refinery slop tank for re-processing in the refinery into products. Balance residual sludge after oil recovery is kept in protected area (HDPE lined residual sludge pits) for disposal through West Bengal West Management Ltd. (WBWML), a WBPCB approved agency. However, the refinery is also having the facility for incineration / Bio-remediation inside the refinery premises.

Similarly, the raw oily sludge generated from Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) operation from time to time is transferred to top melting pit for heat treatment to recover oil. In melting pit, the oil is separated and the recovered oil is pumped to the slop oil tank for re-processing in the refinery. The residual sludge after recovery of oil is kept in the same HDPE lined residual sludge pits for disposal through WBWML.

The copy of the membership document of Haldia Refinery for CHW-TSDF is attached as Annexure-VII.

Bio Sludge is stored in bio sludge drying bed for natural weathering and then used as manure inside the refinery premises.

Presently, the quantity of oil sludge generation from the refinery is 30 to 50 MT per annum.

Approximately 1200 MT of spent catalyst is being generated in the refinery on annual basis, which is also disposed through WBWML. The refinery is having temporary storage facility for spent catalyst.




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Bio-remediationBioremediation is a process that uses naturally occurring micro-organisms to transform harmful substances to non-toxic compounds. There are innumerable strains of microbes under basic categories of bacteria, yeast or fungi, which degrade oily sludge through digestion of harmful chemicals and compounds present in oily sludge into simpler, less toxic or non-toxic substances. Micro organisms, like all living organisms, need nutrients (such as nitrogen, phosphate, and trace metals), carbon and energy to survive. These beneficial microbes break down a wide variety of organic (carbon containing) compounds found in oily sludge to obtain energy for their growth. Many species of soil bacteria, for example, use petroleum hydrocarbons as a food / energy source, transforming them into harmless substances consisting mainly of carbon dioxide, water and fatty acids. Bioremediation exploits this natural process by promoting the growth of microbes that can effectively degrade specific contaminants and convert them to non toxic by products. These are two basic types of bioremediation: ‘Bio stimulaion’ provides nutrients to the indigenous; microbial populations. This promotes growth and increase metabolic activity that is used to degrade contaminants. ‘Bio augmentation’ introduces specific blends of micro organisms into a contaminated environment or into a bioreactor to initiate the bioremediation process.

Advantages of treatment of low oil containing oily sludge by Oilivorous-S.

An ecologically sound, natural process: oily sludge degrading micro organisms can increase in numbers when an oily sludge (the contaminant) is present. When the total petroleum hydrocarbon is degraded, the bacterial population naturally declines. The residues from the biological treatment of oily sludge are usually harmless products (such as carbon dioxide, water and fatty acids.)

Instead of merely transferring toxic hydrocarbon pollutant from one environmental medium to another (e.g. from water to the air or to land) biological treatment destroys the target toxic hydrocarbons.

Biological treatment is usually less expensive that other technologies that are often used to clean up hazardous waste.

Biological treatment can often be accomplished where the problem is located (in situ). This eliminates the need to transfer large quantities of contaminated waste of site, and the potential threats to human health and the environment that can arise during such transportation.




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2.7.1 Solid Waste Generation from Proposed Project The major solid wastes, to be generated due to the operation of the proposed projects are Spent Catalysts and Petroleum Coke.

Various catalysts that are to be used in the proposed facilities are as under:

Unit Catalyst Q’ty

m3 (MT)

Life, years

DCU -- -- --

CGO HDTU HMC868 8 (4) 02

HR548 250 (187) 02

HR568 177 (133) 02

HR945 27 (23) 02

Coker LPGTU -- -- --

SRU CR-3S 20 (17) 03

CR31 2 (2) 03

TG107 7 (6) 04

ARU -- -- --

SWS -- -- --

FPU -- -- --

CDU-I/VDU-I Revamp

-- -- --

Total 491 (372)

The various spent catalysts shall be disposed off through certified agencies at a safe location.

About 400 TMTPA of Petcoke would be produced from the operation of the proposed DCU project. Petcoke is mainly used in cement industry as fuel in clinkerisation process. It has the advantage of higher calorific value than ordinary coal (8000 kcal/kg vs. 4500 kcal/kg). This provides twin benefit of handling lower quantity of Petcoke as compared to coal, which in turn allows spare volume to augment cement production capacity. Besides, it is also used in Captive power plants for steam generation as well as in industries using




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brick/kilns etc.

Market study for High-Sulfur Petroleum Coke disposal has been carried out through CRISIL. As outlined in their report, Petcoke demand is expected to grow @ CAGR of 8.0% p.a from 6.0 MMTPA in 2006-07 to 26.7 MMTPA in 2025. The demand of Petcoke in the year 2012 was 12.0 MMT against a production of 10.4 MMT, thereby incurring a net import of 1.6 MMT. The market shall become more favorable post commissioning of 10 MMTPA coke gasification plant by Reliance.

There is a potential market of 145 TMTPA for Petcoke in West Bengal itself:

Sl. No.

CONSUMER QUANTITY (TMTPA)

1 M/s Hindustan Glass Industries 48

2 M/s Shyam Group of Industries 60

3 M/s ICL 25

4 M/s M S Glass 12

TOTAL 145

The supply-demand scenario thus seems to be favorable for proper disposal of High-sulfur coke. For the low-sulfur coke, used mainly by the Calciners for production of anode-grade coke, potential customers ex Haldia Refinery are as under:

Further, cement industry faces the supply-crunch of good quality indigenous coal as priority is given to power sector, necessitating alternative sourcing of fuel for cement industry including import of coal. Since natural gas pricing is not conducive for power generation at affordable cost, coal based thermal power stations would continue to play major role for domestic power supply and good quality indigenous coal would be prioritized for power generation. Hence, with future capacity additions in power sector, coal-linkage for cement industry is expected to deteriorate further. This aspect would also increase the demand of Petcoke in future.




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2.8 SULPHUR BALANCEIn Haldia Refinery, both high and low sulphur crude oil is used. Based on the sulphur content of the different types of crude oil and the same in the different products of the refinery, the sulphur balance has been worked out, as presented in the following table:

CRUDES ‘S’ content, wt%

Q’ty, TMTPA

Total ‘S’, TMTPA

Arab Mix 2.78 4800 133.44

Basrah Lt 2.12 1600 33.92

Bonny Lt 0.15 300 0.45

Labuan 0.09 50 0.05

Girasol 0.32 317 1.01

Nemba 0.22 317 0.70

Quaiboe 0.13 444 0.58

Forcados 0.20 145 0.29

Seria Lt 0.07 27 0.02

Total ‘S’ inlet thru’ Crude to the refinery, TMTPA

170.5 (511 MTPD)

PRODUCTS ‘S’ content, ppmw

Q’ty, TMTPA

Total ‘S’, TMTPA

LPG 150 346 0.052

SRN 1500 792 1.189

MS (BS-IV) 50 454 0.023

ATF 2500 480 1.200

SKO 2500 779 1.948

HFHSD 1500 120 0.180




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HSD (BS-IV) 50 3528 0.176

JBO 20000 36 0.720

H-70 Gr-II LOBS 10 5 0.000

H-150 Gr-II LOBS

10 66 0.001

H-500 Gr-II LOBS

10 104 0.001

Pet Coke 82200 459 37.751

Total ‘S’ exit thru’ products ex refinery excl. ‘S’ product, TMTPA

43.2 (129.7 MTPD)

Sulfur production ex refinery, TMTPA 119 (357 MTPD)

Sulfur exit ex FCC BELCO Stack 9.0 (MTPD)

Balance ‘S’ as SO2 emission from furnace stacks, kg/h

1302.8

2.9 STACK EMISSIONSThere will be 4 (four) new stacks, after the implementation of the proposed projects. Besides, there will be additional pollution load in 2 (two) existing stacks due to the revamp of existing CDU-I and VDU-I. Major pollutant, emitted is sulphur dioxide (SO2) besides nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matters (PM). Other emissions are negligible. There will be an increase of around 127 kg/hr. of SO2 emission load on the existing level.




C2 - 27

2.10 PROJECT COMMISSIONING SCHEDULE

PROJECT COMMISSIONING SCHEDULEDYIP Mechanical completion within 39

months from date of investment approval, commissioning within 3 months from mechanical completion

FPU Mechanical completion within 29 months from date of investment approval, commissioning within 3 months from mechanical completion

CDU-VDU Revamp

In line with DYIP schedule

2.11 LANDFor capacity expansion project and proposed Feed Preparation Unit (FPU) for Catalytic Dewaxing Unit (CDWU), no additional land shall be required.

In capacity expansion project, the existing CDU-I and VDU-I shall be revamped. The proposed Feed Preparation Unit will be installed in the vacant plot (Area: 3600 m2), available near the existing OHCU within the refinery complex.

Delayed Coker project shall be housed in the 83 acres land, acquired from old Hindustan Fertilizer Corporation (HFC) on long-term lease basis.

2.12 MANPOWER REQUIREMENTThe existing OHCU shift officers shall supervise the operation of the proposed CDW-FPU project. An additional 8 (eight) personnel shall be required during the operation phase of the project. No additional manpower shall be required for CDU-I / VDU-I revamp project. For DYIP, 101 (one hundred and one) additional manpower shall be required.

2.13 COSTThe total cost of the project will be around 3217 crores, which includes the project cost of 3076 crores for DYIP including CDU-I/ VDU-I Revamp Projectand 141 crores for FPU project.

2.14 Corporate Responsibility for Environmental Protection(CREP): The Chapter on Corporate Responsibility (CREP) as laid down byCentral Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for Petroleum RefineryIndustry will guide the production in the proposed plant.

Management Initiatives for Charter of Corporate Responsibility are as follows:

Sl No. Recommendations Status/ Remarks1. All refineries shall provide connectivity of stack

to CPCB and SPCB by May 31, 2013 and in case of any problem or hurdles, this will be informed to SPCB/CPCB with reasons.

Connectivity of stack emission to CPCB server is done.

2. The refineries shall assess the technical feasibility with cost economics for implementation bottom loading of all products in trucks & railways for emission reduction so that further action required can be taken.

Bottom loading is done for LPG.

3. All refineries shall report to CPCB of any accident or pipe leakages occurring within 24 hours along with action taken or proposed.

Agreed.

4. The refineries shall forward notes on success accomplished by them in environmental activities during 2005-2013.

MSQ commissioned in 2005 ( for E-III & E-IV MS)

OHCU commissioned in 2010 ( for E-IV compliant HSD)

New ETP with UF/RO based TTP commissioned in 2009 -2010.

Continuous ambient air quality monitoring station connected to CPCB server in 2010.

GT-2 in 2008 GT-3 in 2010 New SRU 2 x 80

TPD in 2010 Amine Treating

Unit revamped in 2013.

Ecological Park inaugurated on 5th

June,20135. RIL to forward a note on the proposed

modifications of effluent treatment facilities to comply with the notifications along with the time schedule i.e. covering of ETP and providing system for VOC adsorption.

-

6. All refineries shall submit note on the storage arrangement made for oily sludge including details of stored oily sludge, proposal for bio-remediation with time bound programme and status of disposal of bio-remediated soil.

HDPE lined concrete pits with shade available to store oily sludge.WBPCB directed not to Bio-remediate.

7. Refineries to compile data on particulate matter emitted, wherein the duel fuel (fuel gas and fuel oil) is used, to assess the factors effecting achievability of emission norms.

Data are being sent regularly DGM(HSE), R-HQ .

8. The comments on proposed guidelines for bio-remediation be forwarded for consideration before finalizing.

Already comments sent to RHQ.

9. All refineries shall submit action plan to achieve zero-discharge and to cover their ETP with VOC adsorption system.

Only rejects of RO is being discharged.

10. Refineries to submit time bound action plan to install state-of-the-art systems like SCADA (for monitoring the health of the pipeline) in all their crude and product pipelines and a time bound programme for replacing the old pipelines.

-

11. M/s Gurugobind Singh Refinery shall provide one more continuous air quality monitoring station to generate back ground data to assess the impact of air quality due to refinery operation.

-

TABLE-2.1DESIGN CAPACITY OF VARIOUS PROCESS UNITS

Sl.No.

Unit Name Capacity

Existing Units1. Crude Distillation Unit – I 3.3 MMTPA2. Crude Distillation Unit – II 4.0 MMTPA3. Vacuum Distillation Unit – I 1.5 MMTPA4. Vacuum Distillation Unit – II 2.6 MMTPA5. Resid Fluidized Catalytic Cracking Unit 0.7 MMTPA6. Visbreaker Unit 0.492 MMTPA7. Catalytic reforming Unit 0.216 MMTPA8. Diesel Hydro-Desulphurisation Unit 1.7 MMTPA9. Kero Hydro Desulphurisation Unit 0.577 MMTPA10. Hydrogen Generation Unit 15000 TPA11. Propane De-asphalting Unit 0.80 MMTPA12. Furfural Extraction Unit 0.52 MMTPA13. NMP Extraction Unit 0.35 MMTPA14. Solvent Dewaxing Unit 0.31 MMTPA15. Lube Hydro-Finishing Unit 0.2 MMTPA16. Catalytic De-waxing Unit 0.2 MMTPA17. Micro Crystalling Wax Unit 15 TMTPA18. Bitumen Unit 0.45 MMTPA19. Sulphur Recovery Unit – I* 14.31 TPDS Prod

20. Amine Recovery Unit 1.11 MMTPA21. Sulphur Recovery Unit – II 60 MTPD S Prod22. Stand – by Sulphur Recovery Unit 60 MTPD S Prod23. Sour Water Stripper 0.24 MMTPA24. Captive Power Plant

i) Boiler – I/II/III, STG - I/II/III 3 X 125 TPH (Boiler)3 X 10.5 MW (STG)

ii) Boiler – IV, STG – IV 150 TPH (Boiler)16.5 MG (STG)

iii) Power Plant (GT-1/2/3 with HRSGs) 3 X 20 MW1 X 100 TPH + 2 X 130 TPH Steam generation with support firings

Sl.No.

Unit Name Capacity

25. Reformate Splitter Unit 0.2 MMTPA26. Hydrotreater 0.07 MMTPA27. Isomerisation and De-isohexamiser Unit 0.12 MMTPA28. FCC Gasoline Splitter 0.2 MMTPA29. Extractive Merox Unit 0.08 MMTPA30. Hydrotreater and Isomerisation Unit 0.21 MMTPA

32. OHCU (once through Hydrocracker Unit) 1.7 MMTPA33. Hydrogen Unit 0.075 MMTPA34. Sulphur Recovery Unit 2 X 80 TPD of ‘S’

Proposed Project


i) Revamp of Existing CDU-I From existing 3.3 MTPA to 3.8 MTPA

ii) Revamp of Existing VDU-I From existing 1.5 MTPA to 1.7 MTPA


i) Delayed Coking Unit (DCU) 1.7 MMTPA

ii) Coker Gas Oil Hydrotreater Unit

(CGO HDTU)1.4 MMTPA

iii) Coker LPG MEROX Unit 70 TMTPA

iv) Sulphur Recovery Unit (SRU) 80 TPD

v) Amine Treating Unit (ATU) 260 TPH

vi) Sour Water Stripper (SWS) 65 TPH

C) Feed Preparation Unit (FPU) 650 TMTPA

TABLE-2.2FEED/ PRODUCT PATTERN OF HALDIA REFINERY

AFTER PROPOSED PROJECTS

Feed/Product Pattern (in TMTPA)

HS Crude 6400

LS Crude 1600

Total Crude 8000

HS% w/w 80%

LPG 346

Naphtha 792

MS (Euro-IV) 454

ATF 480

SKO 779

HFHSD 120

HSD (Euro-V) 3528

JBO 36

H-70 Gr-II 5

H-150 Gr-II 66

H-500 Gr-II 104

Furnace Oil / CBFS / BITUMEN

0/0/0

Sulphur 119

Pet coke 459

FIGURE 2.4 – FLOW DIAGRAM FOR LOBS PRODUCTION WITH FPU-CDW

FIGURE 2.5 – PROPOSED SITE FOR FPU UNIT

FIGURE 2.6

FIGURE 2.7

FIGURE 2.10 –STORM WATER

MANAGEMENT SYSTEMMANAGEMENT SYSTEM

ETP Influent M3/hr

OLD ETP 650 M3/Hr H.D.A. 415 Belco 20

NEW ETP 600 M3/Hr HFC 85 Desalter 35

ETP Influent 1144 M3/hour TTP 1250 M3/Hr IOC 155 Tanks 10

H.D.A.new 612 FW 110Used Total 1267 CT B/D 195

130 20 BCW 170TTP RO backwash 200

80 110 CT 455 Drinking /service 1405 Drinking/service 180 ETP drain 605 170 loss 10 DYIP CT 295 DYIP 80

B/D DYIP RO 225 FPU 520 195 180 DYIP Service 30 REVAMP 535 130 FPU, Revamp 85 DYIP CT B/D 88.5

CT I/L 720 Total 1270 FPU & Revamp B/D 25.510 455 BCW + B/D 375 Total 1144

345

13525.5 295 *Condensates used 55

60 795 STACKS & VENTS 85

ALL Figure in M3/Hour

FIGURE 2.8B : FRESH WATER & TREATED WATER BALANCE AFTER DYIP , FPU & CDU/ VDU REVAMP

Raw water Supply, M3/Hour

Raw water used, M3/Hour

Design Capacity

ETPOLD

&NEW

Fire Water

5NOSCTs

BCW

TTPDM Plant Steam used **

Evaporation & windage loss

BELCO & Desalter

Tanks oily water

DYIP, FPU & Revamp

60 795 STACKS & VENTS 85B/Down 140

200Used 40

Return 140 RO Reject180 165

295 206.588.5

B/D 262.5

7.530 Used 22.5

RO Reject 90225

135

8559.5

B/Down

** Steam condensates is recycled

TTPRORecycle

RIVERDischarge

Steam used **

RAWWater

Drinking & Service

DYIP CT

DYIP SERVICE / Wash

DYIPRO DYIP

DM Plant


FPU, CDU / VDU Revamp CTEvaporation & windage loss

Steam used **

Used ETP Influent M3/hr120 20 OLD ETP 650 M3/Hr H.D.A. 415 Belco 20

NEW ETP 600 M3/Hr HFC 85 Desalter 35100 TTP 1250 M3/Hr IOC 135 Tanks 10

ETP Influent 850 M3/Hour Total 635 FW 100170 loss 10 CT B/D 175

B/D BCW 17020 175 180 CT 455 TTP RO backwash 16035 90 Drinking/service 180 Drinking /service 140

CT I/L 645 Total 635 ETP drain 4010 455 BCW + B/D 355 Total 850

290

100 140290 55

40 700 85

160 RO RejectUsed 40 RO Reject

Return 140 150 21%

*Condensates BELCO/Desalter STACKS & VENTS

FIGURE 2.8 A : FRESH WATER & TREATED WATER BALANCE PRESENT

ALL Figure in M3/Hour Design Capacity Raw water Supply, M3/Hour

Raw water used, M3/HourETPOLD

&NEW

Fire Water

5NOSCTs

BCW

TTPRO

Recycle

DM Plant Steam used **

Drinking & Service


BELCO & Desalter

Tanks oily Water

Return 140 150 21%180

150

** Steam condensates is recycled

FIGURE-2.2Haldia Refinery – Block Flow Diagram

Cru

de

HSD (E-III ,E-IV)

CDU

1

CDU

2

Fuel GasLPG

SRN

Kero CutSt.Run G.O

JBO

ATU & ARUSweet Fuel Gas

SRU SulphurLPG

NaphthaNHDT & CRU MS(E-III/IV)

KHDS

MTOATFKerosene

DHDS

HGU-I

H2

JBO(P)/(C)

GOSO

FCCU

MSQ

FCC Gasoline

H2H2

Reformate

HC

N

Off Gas

OHCU

HGU-II

H2

FG

SulphurLPG

LCN

Ker

o

HSD

ATU & SRUHC

N

FO Bitumen

RCO VDU

1

VDU2

IFO

GOSO

LO / IO / HO

SR

PDA

DAO

FEU

NMP

SDU HFU

Extract

Slack Wax

LO Asphalt

VBU

BTU

CBFS

MCW MCW

CDWU

H2

H2

LOBS

DC

OE

xtra

ct

LOBS

H2

Bitumen Emulsion Bitumen Emulsion

VB Tar

Raffinate

Raffinate DWO

OHCUOHCU Bottoms

FG

FPU

FG & LPG

COKEHSD, E-IVDYIP

OHCU

Bottoms

Sulphur from New SRU

DYIP = COKER, CGHDT, LPG Treating & SWS, /ARU/SRU

FIGURE – 2.3 : PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM – DELAYED COKING UNIT

Effluent

Oil to Slop

Holding Tank

FlocculatorFlashMixer

Alum + H2O2 DOPE

Influent Sump

TPISeparator

Oily Sludge

Equalization Pond

Capacity: 600 m3/hr

DAF

H2SO4NaoH

NutrientsDAF

Sat

urat

ion

Ves

sel

Bio-TowerSump

pHAdjustment

TankBio Tower

AerationTank

Clarifier

Treated Effluent Tank

Treated Effluent

to TTP Sludge HRSCC

AlumDolomiteSoda Ash

NEW ETP600m3/hr

OLD ETP650m3/hr

FeCl3 , LIME &SODA ASH DOSING

MOTORS FOR AGITATION

DMF TANK700m3

DMF PUMPS

460m3/hr(3W+1S )

BASKET FILTERS

DUAL MEDIA FILTERS

230m3/hr)6W+1S)

RO-2

BACK TO ETP

STREAM Design Recovery

HRSSC (ETP TW)90.8%

UF outlet /RO feed

RO-1 80.0%RO-2 50.0%R0-3 87.0%

ULTRAFILTRATION MEMBRANE MODULES

190m3/hr7W+1S)

RO FEED TANK 900m3

UF BACKWASH PUMPS920m3/hr(1W+1S )

MCF FEED

PUMPS313m3/h

r(4W+1S

)

MCF156.5 m³/hr

(8W+1S)RO-1 HIGH PRESSURE

PUMPS156m3/hr(8W+1S )

RO-2 BOOSTER & TURBO PUMPS

125m3/hr)(2W+1S )

RO-1 MEBRANES MODULES * 8 STREAMS PERMEATE DESIGN =

125m3/hrREJECT DESIGN = 31m3/hr

RO-2 MEBRANES MODULES * 2 STREAMS

PERMEATE DESIGN = 125m3/hrREJECT DESIGN = 125m3/hr

DEGASSER2 nos.

RO PERMEATE TANK

1200m3

RO-3 MEBRANE MODULES * 1 STREAM PERMEATE DESIGN =

154m3/hrREJECT DESIGN = 23m3/hr

MCF, MCF FEED PUMP & RO-3 HIGH PRESUURE

PUMP177 m³/hr(1W+1S)

MB FEED TANK -1243m3

MB FEED TANK -2240m3

MB FEED PUMPS OF TNK -1 &2154m3/hr(1W+1S )

MB6 & 7

CWPUMP475 m³/hr(2W+1S)

CT

Environmental Impact Assessment for Proposed Capacity Expansion from 7.5 MTPA to 8.0 MTPA along with Distillate Yield Improvement Project (DYIP) and

Installation of Feed Preparation Unit (FPU) for Catalytic Dewaxing Unit (CDWU) at Haldia Refinery, District: Purba Medinipur, West Bengal

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Baseline Environmental Scenario Envirotech East Pvt. Limited

CHAPTER-3.0BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL

SCENARIO

3.0 SITE & SURROUNDINGS OF THE PROJECT SITE

LOCATION OF THE PROJECT SITEThe proposed capacity expansion from 7.5 MTPA to 8.0 MTPA along with Distillate Yield Improvement Project (DYIP) and installation of Feed Preparation Unit (FPU) for Catalytic Dewaxing Unit (CDWU) of M/s IOCL at Haldia Refinery, district Purba Midnapore in West Bengal. Its geographical

coordinates are Latitude 22°0241.54N and Longitude 88°0625.30E with mean sea level 26 ft. The Location Map is presented in Figure-3.1.

Haldia Refinery is located at the south-eastern part of the Haldia town. The plant site is bounded by the Hooghly river in the south, Haldia Dock Complex (HDC) and Greenbelt channel in the west, Haldia Petrochemicals and Greenbelt channel in the north, TATA Steel Ltd. in the east. The IOC Township is in the south-west and the main town of Haldia is in the north-west of the refinery. The proposed project will be confined within the plant boundary.

COVERAGE OF THE STUDY AREAThe study area of this project encompasses all areas, falling within a 10 km radius of the project site. The entire study area is located within East Midnapur and South 24 Pargana district in West Bengal. As per 2011 Census, the study area partly falls under the jurisdiction of three blocks namely Sutahata-I, Haldia & Nandigram and Haldia municipality under district Purba Medinipur. There is no National Park, Sanctuary, Elephant / Tiger Reserve (existing as well as proposed), migratory routes/ wildlife corridor exist within 10 km radius around the Haldia Refinery. The 10 km as well as 5 km radius area map is presented in Figure-3.2.

TRANSPORTATIONThere has been marked improvement in the road and railway network in the area during the last two decades. The site is well connected by roads and railways. It is approachable from the Kolkata-Haldia National Highways (NH-41 starts at Haldia near the Haldia refinery and meets NH-6 linking Kolkata to Mumbai at Mecheda). It is also connected with Howrah through



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Panskura-Haldia branch (69 km.) of the South-Eastern Railways. Panskura-Durgachak Road is another road, which connects Haldia to Main South-Eastern Railway line at Panskura. Haldia is about 130 km from Kolkata by road (Through NH-41 and NH-6). Haldia is also connected with Kolkata through the shortest route of Diamond Harbour Road and regular ferry services operating from Raichak to Kukrahati over the Hooghly river. The nearest commercial airport is at Kolkata.

The site is accessible from NH-41. The site is also approachable from Haldia Railway Station through a road. Nearest Railway Station is Durgachak which is about 5.5 km away from the project site. Hooghly river is within 1.0km distance from the project site and Haldi river is about 6.0 km away fromthe project site. Tamluk (Dist. HQ) is about 34.0 km (aerial distance) from the project site. The nearest airport “Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Airport”, Kolkata is located about 75 km (aerial distance) from the project site.



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FIGURE - 3.1 :PROJECT SITE: HALDIA REFINERY, HALDIA, DISTRICT PURBA MIDNAPORE, WEST BENGAL



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FIGURE-3.2: 10 KMS & 5 KMS RADIUS AREA

Haldia Refinery

5 KM RADIUS AREA



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GEOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE STUDY AREAHaldia is a city and a municipality in East Midnapore of West Bengal. It is a major seaport located approximately 50 km south-west of Kolkata near themouth of Hooghly River, one of the distributaries of Ganges. Haldia has been developed as a major trade port for Kolkata, intended mainly for bulk cargoes. Haldia is industrially very developed city. Haldia is located at 22°02′N & 88°04′E / 22.03°N & 88.06°E. The proposed project site is located at Village: Bhuniaraichak, Tehsil Sutahata, Haldia, District: Purba Midnapore in West Bengal between latitude 22°04’48"N and longitude 88°10’12"E. It has an average elevation of 8 metres (26 feet). The Haldia Township is bordered by the Haldi river an offshoot of the Ganges river. Actually Haldia is the coastal area of Midnapore. It was formed in the last few thousands of years by the continuous supply of sediments loaded from a huge catchment which is deposited into a subsiding basin, partly fluvial and partly marine, under varying energy conditions. Haldia is covered by unconsolidated sediments of Recent age and it is represented by vast plains of fluvial and marine deposits. The most conspicuous and important lithounit in the area is laterite. Laterite is underlain by semi consolidated and unconsolidated sediments. In the study area the recent sediments are characterized by a group of yellow and brown coloured sediments. Again yellowish and brown coloured sediments are underlain by greyish white sand sequence. There are some hypotheses about the origin of laterite in the study area. According to some Geologists the laterites may be both in situ as well as drifted in origin. There are two types of laterite in the study area. Generally it is hard to recognize the two types of laterite in hand specimens, though it is comparatively easy in the field. An appreciable percentage of silica, in the form of free quartz is nearly always a sign of secondary origin.

Secondary or lower level laterites mostly occur in low lying coastal region of India and it can be traced from Kanyakumari to Orissa and then northward through Midnapore, Burdwan and Birbhum to the flanks of the Rajmahal hills. Actually the laterites, capping the traps as Rajmahal hills, are the source for the low level laterites of Bengal. In the light of the above observations, it appears that the alluvial flats with fluctuating water levels in the monsoon belt apparently become lateritised. It would be rather rational to summaries that the lateritic material was transported to the coastal area from the Rajmahal plateau and / or adjacent districts of Singbhum in Jharkhand where laterites presently cap mica schists, epidorites etc.

The south-east and east of the lateritic upland areas characteristically form monotonous plane which is underlain by grey clay of Recent age. In the study area this clay is overlain by more recent beach sand deposits down to a depth of about 9.0 m.



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During the geological study it has been observed that there is considerable lateral variation i.e. the individual layers of sand laterally changes its grade from sandy to silty / clay and it is also observed that three different types of formations encountered in various bore holes in different parts of Midnapore district to different geological ages, from Tertiary to the Recent.

The unconsolidated Recent sediments are essentially a sequence of clay, sand and gravel exhibiting wide variation in grade and colour. Usually these sediments are characterised by shades of grey, brown and yellow colour. The sands are of quartzo-feldapathic material often associated with gravel, calcareous shelly material. The unconsolidated sediments are very thick(>300 m) in the study area. The thickness of the recent sediments is about 50 m at Tamluk, 50 m at Haldia, 25 m at Panskura, 12 m at Debra, 30 m at Nandigram and 35 m at Kontai.

Most of the recent sediments are underlain by a group of older sediments which are conspicuously brownish, yellow or yellowish brown in colour. These recent sediments are overlain by a lateritic crust. These lateritic sediments belong to the Pleistocene age. The base of this laterite section lies about 62 m at Panskura, 75 m at Gotra and Tamluk. The equivalent Horizon can be traced about 70 m at Sutahata, 72 m at Nandigram and 78 m at Khejuri. In the study area the yellowish brown clay-sand sequence is underlain by greyish white clay-sand sequence which indicates a change in sedimentary environment and in age. This grey or greyish white sequence of sand and clay contain certain marker fossils which are indicative of the upper tertiary age.

A very thick sand horizon (about 70 m thick) with gravel at Debra and at Panskura around 65 m below ground level (bgl) has been found. This zone actually consists of two horizons of sand separated by a thick clay bed. However it is fact that the thickness of the unconsolidated sediments increases towards eastern and south eastern parts of the district.

In the study area the textural and mineralogical studies of the various bore holes drilled to a depth of 300 m reveal the possibility of marine conditions alternating with non marine conditions of depositions and the evidences of occurrence of fossils have been found but unfortunately these fossils have rarely been identified to indicate the age of formations which contained them.

From the information available from the bore holes, three different types of sediments down to a depth of 300 m have been identified. Greyish white sand clay belonging to upper Tertiary is encountered at 142 m down to a depth of 300 m at Tamluk, 66 m to 300 m bgl at Sutahata.

These greyish white sand and clay horizons are overlain by brownish yellow and grey coloured sand and clay horizons of Holocene. These sediments are



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found to occur at 63 m – 66 m bgl at Sutahata and 93 m to 142 m at Tamluk.

These brownish yellow clay and sand horizons are overlain by recent grey clay sand horizons.

GEO-HYDROLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE STUDY AREAInformations about aquifers in the study area have been obtained from the piezometers, the tube wells drilled by Geological Survey of India (GSI) and

Figure 3.3: Panel Digram of the Study Area Based on the Lithological Data of Bore Holes

TAMLUK

LAKHYA

SUTAHATA

HALDIA

KHEJURI

DARIYAPUR

DAXINDANKINARASINGPURBODRA

DIGHA

DANDABELBONI

NILPUR

MARISDA

THAKURNAGAR

IRASOLE

SANDCLAYPEBBLESKANKARSILTFOSSILFELDSPAR, MICA etc.

INDEX



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State Water Investigation Directorate (SWID). The available data have been synthesized and the locations, tapping zones, general characteristics of the sediments and water quality is presented in Table-3.1.

Table-3.1Aquifer Positions at Different Locations

Location Tapping Zone(mbgl)

General Features Quality of Water

Bhupatinagar1st 54 to 57 Fine to coarse sand - yellow

in colour.Fresh

2nd 116 to 119 Very fine to medium sand with feldspar and mica - brownish yellow in colour.

Fresh

3rd 193 to 197 Very fine grained to fine grained sand with feldspar and mica – greyish white in colour.

Fresh

Chandipur

1st 74 to 79 Fine to medium grained sand with feldspar and mica –greyish white in colour.

Saline

2nd 116 to 119 Fine to coarse grained sand with feldspar and mica –brownish yellow in colour.

Brackish

3rd 194 to 197 Fine to coarse grained sand with feldapar and mica – white brownish tint.

Brackish

Sutahata1st 68 to 71 Fine to medium grained sand

– grey in colour.Brackish

2nd 108 to 111 Fine to medium grained sand – grey in colour.

Saline

3rd 159 to 162 Fine to medium grained sand – grey in colour

Saline

Tamluk1st 92 to 95 Fine to coarse grained quartz,

feldspar and mica – brownish in colour.

Brackish

2nd 122 to 125 Fine to coarse grained sand –yellow in colour.

Fresh

3rd 161 to 164 Fine to coarse grained sand –yellow in colour.

Fresh

Khejuri1st 30 to 33 Very fine grained sand –

yellowish grey in colour.Brackish

2nd 59 to 64 Very fine grained sand –yellowish grey in colour

Fresh

3rd 195 to 198 Very fine grained sand –yellowish grey in colour.

Fresh



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About 90 km long stripe between Haldia and Digha is the out fall area of the rivers

Kasai and Subarnarekha. The area is occupied by 2000 m thick column of Quaternary and Tertiary sediments comprising alternations of graded sand, silt

and clay sequence. The Quaternary sediment is about 120 to 150 m thick. The

quaternary sediments are separated from the Tertiary sediments by Grey Clay

marker horizon. Towards the coast of the district, there exists a near surface

brackish / saline water saturated zone. The thickness of this zone varies from 20

to 130 m in the Quaternary sediments.

The aquifers in the underlying Tertiaries up to about 300 m hold fresh ground

water.

Brackish / Saline Ground water with very Low Formation Rate



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Figure –3.4: i) Depth to Saline/Fresh Ground Water Interface ii) Subsurface Hydro-geological Conditions

Figure 3.5: Hydraulic conductivity stratification alongHaldia – Digha coast line

Sankarpur Junput Khejuri Haldia



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SEISMIC HISTORY OF THE AREAAccording to IS: 1893-1984, the study area falls under Zone-III. It means that the area is covered under “Moderate hazard zone”. There is no major earthquake episode recorded in the study area.

SEISMICITY MAP

INDUSTRIES WITHIN 10 KM RADIUS AREAFor not being far from the metropolitan city Kolkata and with the setting up of the port at Haldia, a large number of industries came up in the Haldia Industrial Area. The list of existing industries within 5 km radius area w.r.t. the project site is as follows,

HALDIA



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LIST OF EXISTING INDUSTRIES1 Indian Oil Corporation Ltd.2 Tata Chemicals Ltd., Haldia 3 Exide Industries Ltd., Haldia 4 Swal Corporation Ltd., Haldia 5 MCC PTA India Corpn Pvt. Ltd., Haldia 6 Haldia Petrochemicals Ltd., Haldia7 IOC Petronas Ltd., , Haldia8 Shamon Ispat Ltd.9 Dhunseri Petrochem & Tea Ltd., Haldia 10 Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd. 11 Hindustan Unilever Limited12 Marcus Oils & Chemical Pvt. Ld.13 Ruchi Soya Industries Ltd.14 RDB Rasayans Ltd.15 Reliance Industries Limited16 Adani Wilmar Ltd.17 Electrosteel Castings Ltd.18 URAL India Ltd.19 K.S.Opils Ltd.20 Hooghly Met Cope & Power Co. Ltd.21 Ruchi Infrastructure Pvt. Ltd.22 Shree Renuka Sugars Ltd.23 Ennore Coke Private Ltd.24 Emami Biotech Ltd.25 West Bengal Waste Management Ltd.26 Lalbaba Seamless Tubes Pvt. Ltd.27 Modern India Con-cast Ltd.28 Rohit Ferro Tech Ltd.29 DPM Net Pvt. Ltd.30 Manaksia Ltd.31 Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd., Haldia32 Greenways Shipping Agencies Pvt. Ltd.,33 KoPT/Haldia Dock Complex



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LIST OF PROPOSED INDUSTRIES1 Haldia Energy Ltd. (CESC Ltd.)2 India Power Corporation (Haldia) Ltd3 R.H. Project4 STV Technologies5 Haldia Free Trade Warehousing Pvt. Ltd6 Sinosteel Rolls India Pvt. Ltd.7 Euclix Shipbuilders Pvt. Ltd.8 Hindustan Gypsum9 Ruchi Infrastructure Pvt. Ltd.10 Ruchi Soya Industries Ltd.11 JVL Oil Refinary12 Dhunseri Petrochemical Tea Ltd.13 Haldi Chemicals Ltd14 Bharat Coal Chemicals Ltd15 Hindustan Colas Ltd.16 Bengal Shipyard Ltd17 Cosmic Ferro Alloys Ltd18 Transport Corporation of India Ltd.

3.1 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL DATA GENERATION

The proposed project site is located at Haldia Refinery, District Purba Midnapur in the State of West Bengal.

The EIA is aimed at determining the environmental impacts on the "Study Area", which encompasses all areas falling within a radius of 10 km around the plant site due to the proposed project.

The major environmental disciplines studied in this EIA report include Soil, Land Use, Meteorology, Surface and Ground Water Quality, Air Quality, Noise, Ecology and Demography, Socio-Economy and Geological features & Geo-hydrological Status.

The following chapters present the detailed discussion on the field data, generated for soil, meteorology, water quality, air quality, noise, ecology and socio-economics during three months’ period (15th March, 2014 to 14th June, 2014) along with the relevant secondary data, collected from various agencies on the relevant disciplines.



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3.2 SOIL

The soils of the study area are formed through alluvial deposits and overlain by more recent back swamp deposition. The soils are light to dark coloured and poor in calcareous materials. Considerable quantity of decayed vegetation is reported to occur particularly in the silty clay strata.

Soils in the area are mostly clay loam and silt or clay in texture and contain large percentage of silt and clay and hence possess high water holding capacity and good fertility status. Only in areas close to rivers, soils are sandy clay which is typical of river banking areas.

Agricultural land is spread over a substantial area of the entire study area. However, canal irrigation facilities being few and far between, irrigation is mostly done from tube wells, rivers and ponds through lift irrigation. Most of the irrigational tube wells are driven through electricity.

The prevailing edaphic, hydrological and climatological conditions favour production of paddy, jute and quite a good number of other crops. The prime agricultural crop paddy is grown during both of the kharif and rabi seasons. Betle (Pan) is another significant agricultural crop of this area which is harvested throughout the year. Coconuts and bananas are grown abundantly throughout the area.

Major kharif crops include rice (Aman), pulses (mainly chickling and kesari), vegetables and jute, while major rabi crops are rice (Boro), oilseeds (mainly mustard), vegetables, potato and other tuber crops.

3.2.1 Field Study, Sampling and AnalysisTo assess the impacts of the industrial and urban activities on the soils in the area, the physico-chemical characteristics of soils within the study area have been examined by obtaining soil samples from selected points and analysis of the same.

Five sampling stations were selected for studying soil characteristics, which has been shown in Table-3.2.1. Stations have been spread over the study area, keeping in view the vegetative cover, soil types and maximum deposition of pollutants emitted through stacks, which would accord an overall idea of the soil characteristics within the study area.

The samples were collected once in the study period. A number of parameters were determined which are indicative of physical, chemical and fertility characteristics. The physico-chemical characteristics of the soils in the study area, as obtained from the analysis of the soil samples, are presented in Table 3.2.1.



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3.2.2 Soil Characteristics3.2.2.1 Physical Characteristics

The physical properties examined include colour, texture, bulk density, porosity and water holding capacity. Colour of soils was observed generally as brownish. It is well documented that soils ranging between brown and black are generally rich with organic matter and other important minerals like Ca, Mg, Cu, K, Fe, B and Cr. Having these characteristics, such soils are fertile and need little irrigation and fertilizers. As of texture as per Triangular Classification System, soils of all the sampling locations can be described as Clay loam, Sandy loam.

Soils having larger particles usually have higher bulk density than those of smaller particles. Bulk density of soils in the study area varied between (1.41-1.49) gm/cm3. In the study area, porosity of soils varied between (39.6-41.3)%, which is in normal range for such soils. Water holding capacity of the soils varied between (34.1-40.2)%.

3.2.2.2 Chemical CharacteristicsThe soils were generally slightly alkaline with pH range (6.7-8.1). This is probably due to excess of oxides and hydroxides of basic metals, particularly calcium and magnesium. Electrical conductivity (EC) was found varying between (5.8-6.6) µmhos/cm. In soil samples, calcium content of the soils varied between (0.68-0.92)%. Range of sodium in the soils varied between (0.34-0.57)%. In soils, sodium generally occurs as NaCl, Na2SO4 and sometimes, as Na2CO3 and other soluble salts. In comparison to sodium, potassium levels were quite low. That is due to the fact that in mineral soils, potassium percentage is found in this study area potassium varied between (0.19-0.28)%. The quantity of Nitrogen in surface soils generally ranges between (0.09-0.2)%. Most of the nitrogen is available in form of nitrates, nitrites, NH4+ and organic nitrogen. In this study Nitrogen level varied between (0.12-0.16)%, which is normal. The Phosphorous content of most mineral soils fall between (0.02-0.5)%. Observed Phosphorous in the study area soils was found normal ranging between (0.10-0.15)%. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) varied between (20.5-22.2) meq/100 gm. Range of copper was (16.7-26.2) mg/kg. Zinc content in the soils was observed to be ranging between (31.6-37.9) mg/kg. Zinc is normal soils are found up to 200 mg/kg. Restriction of plant growth due to high zinc can arise in excess of 200 mg/kg. Range of Chromium was (79.1-89.5) mg/kg. Lead content in the soils was observed to be ranging between (12.9-17.1) mg/kg. Lead is normal soils are found up to 200 mg/kg. Restriction of plant growth due to high zinc can arise in excess of 200 mg/kg.



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3.2.2.3 Fertility Status of SoilSoils in the study area were generally slightly alkaline with pH range of (6.7-8.1). The observed level of pH is not expected to hinder the growth of agricultural crops. Soils were observed to possess appreciable level of Potassium Range (0.19-0.28)%, nitrogen range (0.12-0.16)%, and phosphorous range (0.10-0.15)% which indicate moderate to good fertility or agricultural potential of the soils. The levels of other elements were appreciably good.

Thus, the overall fertility status of the soils within the study area is reasonably good and is not expected to be detrimental to the growth of agricultural and forest crops.



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Table-3.2.1Soil Quality of the Study Area

Sl. No. Parameters UnitsSampling Location Codes

SS-1 SS-2 SS-3 SS-4 SS-5PHYSICAL CHARACTERESTICS:

1 COLOUR -Brown Clay

Brown Clay

Brown Clay

Brown Clay

Brown Clay

2 TEXTURE -Sandy Loam

Sandy Loam Silt Silt Silt

3BULK DENSITY (g/cm3) gm/cm3 1.41 1.44 1.49 1.45 1.42

4 POROSITY (%) % 39.6 41.3 39.8 41.2 40.3

5WATER HOLDING CAPACITY (%) % 34.1 36.3 38.7 38.8 40.2

CHEMICAL CHARACTERESTICS:

1 pH - 7.7 7.9 8.1 7.8 6.7

2 EC (umhos/cm)μmhos /

cm 6.6 5.8 6.3 6.1 5.9

3 CALCIUM % 0.91 0.89 0.92 0.68 0.73

4 MAGNESIUM % 0.42 0.44 0.4 0.56 0.61

5 SODIUM % 0.51 0.57 0.55 0.40 0.34

6 Sulphur % 0.21 0.20 0.19 0.20 0.24

7 POTASSIUM % 0.28 0.24 0.27 0.19 0.22

8 NITROGEN % 0.16 0.13 0.12 0.15 0.13

9 PHOSPHORUS % 0.11 0.15 0.13 0.12 0.10

10 CEC meq/100 g 22.2 21.0 20.5 22 20.8

11 Organic Matter % 3.3 3.8 3.4 4.5 3.8

12 COPPER mg /kg 16.7 17.5 16.6 22.4 26.2

13 CHROMIUM mg/kg 89.5 86.4 83.1 79.1 85.9

14 ZINC mg/kg 33.4 32.9 36.5 31.6 37.9

15 LEAD mg/kg 14.5 13.5 17.1 15.2 12.9

16 BORON mg/kg 2.8 3.2 3.5 2.9 3.2

SS-1 Near Project Site SS-4 BarabariSS-2 Chiranjibpur SS-5 Durga ChakSS-3 Kadamlata



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3.3 LANDUSE 3.3.1 Introduction

Land use pattern of an area plays an important role in conducting Environmental Impact Assessment of a project. The land use pattern within the study area around the proposed project at Haldia has been assessed using Geographic Information System (GIS). GIS offers a variety of analysis and modeling tools for dealing with many of the complex decisions. A GIS, as a decision support system, in this context, is a computer software technology to evolve a variety of scenarios for interpretation, comprehension, exploration and development.

3.3.2 Methodology and AnalysisThe inputs included IRS LISS III multi-spectral digital data. The data set has 1028 lines and 1059 pixels with each pixel measuring 24x24 meters.

TABLE – 3.3.1SPECTRAL BANDS OF IRS IMAGERY ALONG WITH

THEIR WAVELENGTHS AND LOCATIONS

Electromagnetic Spectrum range in micrometers of IRS

bands

IRS -1A,

IRS - 1B

IRS – 1C,IRS – 1D

0.45 – 0.52 Blue Band 10.52 – 0.59 Green Band 2 Band 10.62 – 0.68 Red Band 3 Band 20.77 – 0.86 Near

InfraredBand 4 Band 3

1.55 – 1.70 SW Infrared

Band 4

In order to determine the geographic extent and location of specific land uses and land covers, this study employed and analyzed the spectral characteristics of four bands of the selected IRS data set. The study used simple mathematical operations to facilitate comprehension of the exact analytical steps employed in the study.

The first step was to select an appropriate band to be used throughout the analysis. An examination of the four bands shows that the two visible bands (1 and 2) provide less evidence of the various water surfaces across the image. Band 3, near infrared band, and band 4, the mid infrared band, clearly separate water bodies from other surfaces and when band 3 is stretched, one can distinctly differentiate water bodies.



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Band 4, a mid-infrared band, also differentiates between water bodies and other surfaces but the separation is not as strong as band 3. Thus, band 3, by far, is the best band for this study. Figure 3.3.1 shows four non-stretched bands within the data set. Starting in the upper left and moving clockwise, the bands are 1, 2, 4, and 3, respectively. In detecting water, Band 3 stands out from the remaining bands.

TABLE – 3.3.2ORIGINAL AND STRETCHED BAND PARAMETERS

Band No.

OriginalMinimum

OriginalMaximum

MeanScore

StretchedMinimum

StretchedMaximum

New MeanScore

1 74 164 105.1 79 126 138.92 37 115 67.8 42 89 137.63 21 119 64.7 32 93 134.54 22 177 90.5 19 175 115.0

The next step was to stretch each band to make full use of the absolute data range (1-250), and thereby, create more detailed images. The reflectance levels of a spectral band are recorded as numerical values generally ranging between “0” and “255”. A “0” value indicates a low reflectance and appears black on a grey scale image; whereas, a “255” value is a high reflectance condition and shows as white. The reflectance values are frequently clustered in a certain section(s) of the full range. This smaller range is referred to as the dynamic or actual range. This condition results in a limited portion of the Gray scale being used and produces a dull looking image. To overcome this problem, the reflectance values for a band can be stretched over the full potential data range, which, in turn, produces an image based on the full grey scale. This process is called “Stretching or Enhancing Contrast.” contrast stretched bands generally produce better-looking images than the regular bands.

The minimum and the maximum values for Band 3 are 21 and 119respectively. One can use these values to stretch the data, in which case all pixels with the value of 21 would be assigned the value of 1 and all pixels with the value of 119 would be made 250. Values between 21 and 119 would be adjusted between 1 and 250. However, in reviewing the data distribution for Band 3 through the use of the histogram, one can see that the number of data values drop off rather quickly in the lower as well as in the upper portion of the dynamic range. In fact, beneath and beyond the data value range of 32 and 93, there exist only 5 percent of



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pixels out of a total of 1088652 pixels within the image. Thus, rather than stretching Band 3 between 21 and 119, one would get better looking results by using 32 and 93. One can use these values to stretch the data, in which case, all pixels with the value of 32 would be assigned the value of 1 and all pixels with the value of 93 would be made 250. Values between 32 and 93 would be adjusted between 1 and 250. The original and stretched minimum and maximum values for Bands 1, 2, and 4 are given in the Table 3.3.2. Figure 3.4.2 displays four bands after stretching their contrasts.

The histogram function under image processing software identifies the percent of the total data on either side of a particular data value. This information is helpful in determining what cut off levels to use in stretching a data set.

The histogram of Band 3 (Figure 3.3.3A & 3.3.3B) indicates the existence of two distinct concentrations of pixel values. The first concentration of pixels ranging in values from 21 to 52 (red) indicates water surface conditions. The second concentration, immediately beyond the first one, ranging in pixel values from 53 to 86 (green) contains mostly areas with less water or wet surface conditions. Histogram of mid-infrared Band 4 and visible Bands, 1, and 2, do not display distinct concentrations and as such these bands are not suitable for the present study.

Since the present study is concerned more with the land use and land cover, and as such with the variation in reflectance values of non-water surface, and less with the variation in reflectance values of water surface, the study manipulated the dynamic range of reflectance values of Band 3to stress the lower portion of the dynamic range and stretch or de-emphasize other areas of the data range. Figure 3.3.4 shows the input and output of histogram analysis.

Thereafter, the reflectance value ranges, of the stretched version of Band 3, for various lands uses and land covers were determined, using the pixel value read-out function. Following this, a five-level density slice classification of the newly stretched version of Band 3 was carried out. In addition to the classified image, the classification produced a count of the number of data (pixel) values associated with each class.



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Figure 3.3.5 shows the classified image from the density slice classification. The classification clearly detects all of the major land uses and land covers around the project site.

The area measurements in Table 3.3.3 were ascertained by first determining the number of square kilometers in one pixel. One meter equals 0.001 kilometer. Multiplying the number of meters along one side of pixel, which are 24 for IRS data set, with 0.001 kilometer to get the length (0.024 kilometer) along one side of the pixel. This number is squared to obtain the total number of square kilometers in one pixel (0.000576). Multiplying the number of pixels in each land cover class with this proportion (0.000576) to obtain the number of square kilometers in each class.

TABLE – 3.3.3AREA MEASUREMENTS OF LAND COVER CLASSES

CLASS CLASS COLOR

RANGE OF

VALUES

LAND USE PIXELS SQUARE KILOMETERS

Class 1 BLUE 1-24 Water 368486 212.25

Class 2 LIGHT GREEN

25-69 Wetland 75634 43.41

Class 3 DEEP GREEN

70-152 Agri/Horti/Urban plantations

274442 158.08

Class 4 YELLOW 153-205 Settlements 230074 132.52Class 5 ORANGE 206-250 Barren /

paved lands140016 80.65

Class 6 RED, BLACK

Roadways, Railways

3125 1.80

PIXEL SIZE: 24M x 24M

It is important to realize that when classifications are performed all that can be said about pixels, which are placed in the same class, is that they all have the same spectral characteristics within certain probabilistic limits. This is not the same as saying that they are in fact all the same class on the ground or that they all represent the same ground feature. Some ground features may have the same spectral characteristics as other ground features, or conversely, a single ground feature may have more than one spectral signature so that more than one class (or color) may represent the feature. This caution is applicable to all digital systems used for analyzing remotely sensed data and thus illustrates that digital image analysis systems used for remotely sensed data should be viewed as another tool in the suite of available methods for interpreting images.



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3.3.3 Land-use ClassificationAn analysis of the land use within the study area (Figure-3.3.5) indicates that River & other Water bodies (33.8%) occupy a significant portion of the total study area. The areas under agriculture/horticulture and the settlements account for around 25% and 21% respectively of the total study area. 12.8% of the study area falls under the category of the barren land, whereas wetland accounts for around 6.9% of the total study area.



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3.4 METEOROLOGY3.4.1 SEASONS

The climate of the project area is humid and tropical. It is characterised by a hot and dry summer from March to May, a south-west monsoon or rainy season from June to September, a pleasant post-monsoon or retreating monsoon from October to November and a cool winter from December to February. Therefore, climatologically, four seasons viz. summer (pre-monsoon), monsoon, post-monsoon and winter could be deciphered comprising the following months:

Summer : March, April, MayMonsoon : June, July, August, and SeptemberPost-monsoon : October, NovemberWinter : December, January, and February

3.4.2 ON-SITE METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS

3.4.2.1 TemperatureThe monthly minimum and maximum temperatures recorded on-site during the aforesaid monitoring period varied between (15.5-23.0)C and (37.5-41.5)C respectively with overall minimum and maximum temperatures being 15.5C and 41.5C respectively (Table-3.4.1). Maximum temperature was found during the month of May, 2014.

3.4.2.2 Relative HumidityThe monthly minimum and maximum relative humidity recorded on-site during the said monitoring period varied between (25.0-57.0)% and (76.0-84.0)% respectively, the overall minimum and maximum being 25.0% & 84.0% respectively (Table-3.4.1). The maximum level of relative humidity (84%) went up during June, 2014 while the lowest level went down to 25% during March, 2014.

3.4.2.3 Atmospheric PressureThe overall minimum and maximum atmospheric pressures recorded on-site during the said monitoring period were 754.2 mmHg and 747.7mmHg respectively (Table-3.4.1).

3.4.2.4 Wind Speed and DirectionDuring the said monitoring period, the monthly mean wind speed measured on-site varied between 5.2 km/hr (March, 2014) to 7.0 km/hr (May, 2014) (Table-3.4.1). The overall mean wind speed during the period was 6.1 km/hr.



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The wind rose diagrams (Figure-3.4.1) indicates that the predominant wind directions are from South and South-West corner while calm conditions were observed to be 13.50% for the entire period. It could be observed that, the predominant wind directions recorded on-site generally match with the past data of Kolkata.

Table-3.4.1Onsite Meteorological Data Recorded

(Period: 15th March, 2014 - 14th June, 2014)

Month

Average Wind Speed

(km/hr)

Temperature(oC)

Relative Humidity

(%)

Barometric Pressure(mm Hg)

Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min.

15th March, 2014 5.2 37.5 15.5 76 25 756.1 749.9

April, 2014 6.5 38.5 18.5 81 54 757.4 751.1

May, 2014 7.0 41.5 23.0 77 57 754.2 747.7

14th June, 2014 5.8 40.5 18.5 84 44 755.5 749.2

Overall 6.1 41.5 15.5 84 25 754.2 747.7



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WINDROSE DIAGRAM FORJUNE, 2014

WINDROSE DIAGRAM FORMARCH, 2014

WINDROSE DIAGRAM FORAPRIL, 2014

WINDROSE DIAGRAM FORMAY, 2014



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FIGURE 3.4.1: WIND ROSE DIAGRAM

WINDROSE DIAGRAM FORMARCH,2014 TO JUNE, 2014



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3.5 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY

3.5.1 SELECTION OF MONITORING STATIONS

Eight (8) numbers of monitoring stations were set up to assess the existing air quality of the area. One station was located at the existingplant main gate and the seven others, outside the proposed project site. The locations of the monitoring stations were based on the frequent wind directions in order to site the stations as close as feasible to the anticipated maximum pollutant deposition areas, moreover, duly considering human habitation and proximity to sensitive zones within the study area. Logistic considerations as ready accessibility, security, availability of reliable power supply etc. were examined while finalizing the monitoring locations.

The sources of air pollution in the region are vehicular traffic, Industrial activities, dust arising from unpaved village roads and domestic fuel burning.

The Ambient Air Quality Monitoring locations have been shown in Figure - 3.5.1. The relative direction and distance of these locations with respect to the plant site have been given in Table- 3.5.1.

3.5.2 Parameters & Frequency of Monitoring

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring has been conducted for the period (15th March, 2014 to 14th June, 2014) at a frequency of twice a week at each station adopting a continuous 24 hours schedule in respect of the following parameters:

- Particulate Matter 10 (PM10)- Particulate Matter 2.5 (PM2.5)- Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)- Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)- Carbon Monoxide (CO)

Besides, monitoring was also carried out for some additional parameterslike Total Hydrocarbons (Methane & Non-methane) and Benzene. The monitoring was conducted for all these parameters at the same eight locations with the frequency of twice in a month at each location.

The equipment was placed at a height of 3.0 to 4.5 metres above ground level at each monitoring station, thus negating the effects of wind blown ground dust. The equipment was placed at open space free from trees and other obstruction which otherwise act as a sink of pollutants resulting in lower levels in monitoring results. At locations close to



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highways, the equipment was placed at least 100 m away from such highways/roads to avoid influence of traffic exhaust emissions.

3.5.3 Results & DiscussionsStatistical analysis (minimum, maximum, arithmetic mean and 98-percentile values) of the ambient air quality in study area for the entire three months monitoring period are shown in Table-3.5.2. Statistical analysis (minimum, maximum, arithmetic mean) of Total Hydrocarbons (Methane & Non-methane) and Benzene are shown in Table-3.5.3. The results of such analysis are pictorially presented in Figure-3.5.2 through3.5.6. The following implications can be made on the basis of the obtained results:

3.5.3.1 Particulate Matter 10 (PM10)Arithmetic Mean of the 24-hourly average values of PM10 varied station-wise between 37.50 g/m3 (at IOCL Township) and 89.67 g/m3 (at Durgachak). The overall mean for the 8 stations was 61.07 g/m3.

3.5.3.2 Particulate Matter 2.5 (PM2.5)Arithmetic Mean of the 24-hourly average values of PM2.5 varied station-wise between 17.16 g/m3 (at IOCL Township) and 38.28 g/m3 (atDurgachak) with overall mean of the 8 stations being 25.70 g/m3.

3.5.3.3 Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)The overall mean of 24-hourly average values of SO2 over the study area was derived to be 11.02 g/m3 with station-wise variation of arithmetic mean values at the 8 stations between 6.04 g/m3 (at IOCL Township) and 16.71 g/m3 (at Near IOCL Main Gate).

3.5.3.4 Oxides of Nitrogen (NO2)The overall mean of 24-hourly average values of NO2 over the entire area was 25.47 g/m3 while individual arithmetic mean levels computed at the 8 stations ranged between 20.25 g/m3 (at Kadamlata) and 35.54g/m3 (at Near IOCL Main Gate).

3.5.3.5 Carbon Monoxide (CO)The overall mean of 24-hourly average values of CO over the entire area was 0.81 mg/m3 while individual arithmetic mean levels computed at the 8 stations ranged between 0.41 mg/m3 (at Kadamlata) and 1.29 mg/m3

(at Near IOCL Main Gate).

ConclusionThe values of all the pollutants at the respective locations were within the acceptable ranges on all the occasions.



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Table 3.5.1 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations

Sl. No.

Location Code

Location Distance w.r.t.

Plant site (in km)

Direction w.r.t.

Plant site

1. AQ1 Near IOCL Main Gate - -2. AQ2 Rani Chak 2.50 NW3. AQ3 Chiranjibpur 3.75 N4. AQ4 IOCL Township 5.00 SW5. AQ5 Durga Chak 5.75 NE6. AQ6 Sutahata 7.50 N7. AQ7 Barabari 5.60 NW8. AQ8 Kadamlata 5.00 NNW



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TABLE 3.5.2STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF POLLUTANTS

(Period: 15th March,2014 - 14th June,2014)

Pollutants Locations MES Min Max A.M. P - 98

PM10 (µg/m3)

Near IOCL Main Gate 24 41 74 56.13 73.54

Rani Chak 24 48 77 61.44 76.54

Chiranjibpur 24 47 84 64.25 83.08

IOCL Township 24 26 50 37.50 49.08

Durga Chak 24 68 119 89.67 118.54

Sutahata 24 46 72 59.06 71.54

Barabari 24 42 76 61.53 75.54

Kadamlata 24 43 75 59.03 73.16Overall 192 26 119 61.07 113.58

PM2.5 (µg/m3)


Rani Chak 24 16 35 25.08 33.69

Chiranjibpur 24 18 35 25.99 35.23

IOCL Township 24 11 24 17.16 23.54

Durga Chak 24 27 52 38.28 51.61

Sutahata 24 17 31 23.79 30.76

Barabari 24 18 33 24.54 32.09


SO2 (µg/m3)


Rani Chak 24 7 14 9.83 13.54

Chiranjibpur 24 9 19 12.75 18.54

IOCL Township 24 4 9 6.04 8.54

Durga Chak 24 9 26 14.75 23.70

Sutahata 24 3 15 8.46 14.54

Barabari 24 7 14 10.29 14.00


NO2 (µg/m3)


Rani Chak 24 13 32 23.46 31.08

Chiranjibpur 24 15 43 25.92 42.08

IOCL Township 24 14 31 20.79 30.54

Durga Chak 24 22 44 31.38 43.54

Sutahata 24 11 36 21.71 35.08

Barabari 24 17 38 24.75 35.70




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TABLE 3.5.2 (Contd…)STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF POLLUTANTS

(PERIOD: 15TH MARCH, 2014 - 14TH JUNE, 2014)

Pollutants Locations MES Min Max A.M. P - 98

CO (mg/m3)

Near IOCL Main Gate 24 0.90 1.90 1.29 1.85

Rani Chak 24 0.11 1.49 0.89 1.49

Chiranjibpur 24 0.46 1.90 1.01 1.84

IOCL Township 24 0.30 0.90 0.55 0.85

Durga Chak 24 0.38 1.31 0.90 1.23

Sutahata 24 0.22 0.95 0.50 0.94

Barabari 24 0.43 1.39 0.92 1.39

Kadamlata 24 0.15 0.78 0.41 0.77Overall 192 0.11 1.90 0.81 1.85

N.B.: MES : No. of measurements, MIN: Minimum, MAX: Maximum, A.M. - Arithmetic Mean, p-98 : 98 Percentile Value



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TABLE 3.5.3 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF TOTAL HC & BENZENE

IN AMBIENT AIR QUALITY IN THE STUDY AREA (Period: 15TH MARCH,2014 - 14TH JUNE,2014)

Pollutants Locations Min Max A.M.

HC (ppm)

Near IOCL Main Gate 0.90 2.84 1.71

Rani Chak 0.88 1.72 1.22

Chiranjibpur 0.83 1.85 1.40

IOCL Township 0.85 2.35 2.03

Durga Chak 0.95 2.22 1.15

Sutahata 1.21 1.87 1.55

Barabari 0.92 1.56 1.21

Kadamlata 0.91 1.71 1.61Overall 0.83 2.84 1.49

Benzene (µg/m3)

Near IOCL Main Gate 2.5 3.3 2.51

Rani Chak 2.1 2.9 2.25

Chiranjibpur 1.2 2.7 2.20

IOCL Township 1.7 2.5 2.31

Durga Chak 1.9 2.8 2.32

Sutahata 1.8 2.3 2.07

Barabari 1.5 2.1 2.05

Kadamlata 1.9 2.4 2.19Overall 1.2 3.3 2.24

N.B.: MIN: Minimum, MAX: Maximum, A.M. - Arithmetic Mean



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- Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Station

AQ1 Near IOCL Main Gate AQ5 Durga ChakAQ2 Rani Chak AQ6 SutahataAQ3 Chiranjibpur AQ7 BarabariAQ4 IOCL Township AQ8 Kadamlata

FIG. 3.5.1: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING LOCATIONS

AQ-3

AQ-4

AQ-2AQ-1

AQ-6

AQ-5AQ-7

AQ-8

R. Hooghly



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FIGURE 3.5.2: PM10 FIGURE 3.5.3: PM2.5

FIGURE 3.5.4: SO2 FIGURE 3.5.5: NO2

FIGURE 3.5.6: CO



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3.6 SURFACE WATER QUALITY A number of main natural streams draining into River Hooghly form the main inland water system of the area. River Hoogly, a number of confined water bodies mainly ponds and ditches also form a part of the surface hydrological system.

3.6.1 On-Site MonitoringSurface Water samples were collected and analyzed at total eight (8)locations including river Hoogly up stream & down stream to assess the surface water quality of the study area. Relevant details of different waterquality monitoring locations are presented in Table 3.6.1. Samples of water were drawn from these sources once during the study period and were analyzed for relevant parameters.

Sampling and analysis of surface water were carried out following the analysis techniques and methodology described in relevant Indian Standards, the guidelines of the concerned body, American Water Works Association (AWWA) etc. The surface water quality monitoring results are presented in Table 3.6.2.

3.6.2 Surface Water Quality Surface water quality of up stream & down stream of River Hoogly and from 6 pond water samples has been analyzed.

The pH value of the collected Hoogly river water samples was found of 7.3-7.5. Dissolved Oxygen was observed 5.9-6.2 mg/l. The Total Dissolved Solids were found 1340-1393 mg/l while total Hardness was found 646-653 mg/l. Calcium was found of 136-140 mg/l. Oil and grease was below detectable limit (<1.4 mg/l). Sulphate, Nitrate and Chloride were observed 124-130 mg/l, 1.2-2.2 mg/l and 610-631 mg/l respectively. Iron & Zinc contents were found 0.09-0.10 mg/l & 0.22-0.24mg/l respectively. Total Alkalinity was found 268-290 mg/l. Heavy metals like copper, lead, mercury, cadmium and chromium were below their respective detection limits.

The pH value of collected six pond water samples was found in the range of (6.8-7.8). Dissolved Oxygen was observed in the range of (5.5-6.3 mg/l). Total Dissolved Solids were found in the range of 376-620 mg/l while Total Hardness was found in the range of 238-430 mg/l. Calcium was found varying in the ranges of 65-136 mg/l. Oil and grease was found varying in the ranges of within permissible limits. Sulphate, Nitrate and



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Chloride were observed in the ranges of 28-63 mg/l, 2.8-7.3 mg/l and 110-178 mg/l respectively. Iron & Zinc contents were found in the ranges of 0.24-0.48 mg/l & 0.12-0.45 mg/l respectively. Total Alkalinity was found 163-320 mg/l. Heavy metals like copper, lead, mercury, cadmium and chromium were below their respective detection limits.

Conclusion can be drawn in the light of the overall analysis made so far that the surface water in the study area is free of any kind of industrial and urban pollution and has been found to be generally fit for human consumption.

Table-3.6.1Surface Water Quality Sampling Locations

Sample Code Surface WaterSW1 Hooghly River (Up Stream)

SW2 Hooghly River (Down Stream)

SW3 Durgachak (Pond Water)

SW4 Chiranjibpur (Pond Water)

SW5 Ranichak (Pond Water)

SW6 IOCL Township (Pond Water)

SW7 Kadamtala (Pond Water)

SW8 Barabari (Pond Water)



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Table 3.6.2 Surface Water Quality

Sl.No. PARAMETERS UNIT

CONCENTRATIONS (CODE : SW1 – SW4 )SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4

1 Colour Hazen Unit Colourless

Colourless

Colourless

Colourless

2 Odour Unobj. Unobj. Unobj. Unobj.

3 pH - 7.5 7.3 7.8 7.1

4 Conductivity µmhos/cm 2485 2389 1125 788

5 Dissolved Oxygen (DO) mg/L 5.9 6.2 6.3 6.1

6 Biochemical Oxygen Demand (3 days at 27°C) mg/L 3 2 7 3

7 Total Coliforms MPN/100 1240 1305 330 844

8 Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) mg/L 1393 1340 620 441

9 Oil & Grease mg/L <1.4 <1.4 <1 <1

10 Phenol (as C6H5OH) mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

11 Total Hardness(as CaCO3)

mg/L 653 646 430 259

12 Chloride (as Cl) mg/L 631 610 178 124

13 Sulphate (as SO4) mg/L 130 124 49 43

14 Nitrate (as NO3) mg/L 2.2 1.2 7.3 2.8

15 Fluoride (as F) mg/L 0.77 0.82 0.67 0.42

16 Calcium (as Ca) mg/L 140 136 136 65

17 Magnesium (as Mg) mg/L 74 73 22 24

18 Copper (as Cu) mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

19 Iron (as Fe) mg/L 0.1 0.09 0.44 0.39

20 Manganese (as Mn) mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

21 Zinc (as Zn) mg/L 0.22 0.24 0.26 0.12

22 Boron (as B) mg/L <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02

23 Arsenic (as As) mg/L <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002

24 Mercury (as Hg) mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

25 Lead (as Pb) mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

26 Cadmium (as Cd) mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

27 Hexavalent Chromium(as Cr+6) mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

28 Total Alkalinity mg/L 290 268 266 194

SW1 Hooghly River (Up Stream)SW2 Hooghly River (Down Stream)SW3 Durgachak (Pond Water)SW4 Chiranjibpur (Pond Water)



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Table 3.6.2 (Cont…)Surface Water Quality

Sl. No. PARAMETERS UNIT

CONCENTRATIONS (CODE : SW5 - SW8 )SW5 SW6 SW7 SW8

1 Colour Hazen UnitColour

lessColourle

ss Colourless Colourless2 Odour Unobj. Unobj. Unobj. Unobj.3 pH - 6.9 7.3 6.8 7.44 Conductivity µmhos/cm 891 769 1067 6715 Dissolved Oxygen (DO) mg/L 5.5 5.7 6.1 5.6

6 Biochemical Oxygen Demand (3 days at 27°C)

mg/L 5 4 5 6

7 Total Coliforms MPN/100 216 235 240 1308 Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) mg/L 508 423 609 3769 Oil & Grease mg/L <1 <1 <1 <1

10 Phenol (as C6H5OH) mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.00111 Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/L 307 238 372 26412 Chloride (as Cl) mg/L 110 119 135 11313 Sulphate (as SO4) mg/L 48 33 63 2814 Nitrate (as NO3) mg/L 4.5 3.0 4.5 3.815 Fluoride (as F) mg/L 0.67 0.80 0.93 0.4616 Calcium (as Ca) mg/L 77 68 119 7317 Magnesium (as Mg) mg/L 28 17 18 2018 Copper (as Cu) mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.0519 Iron (as Fe) mg/L 0.43 0.24 0.32 0.4820 Manganese (as Mn) mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.0521 Zinc (as Zn) mg/L 0.35 0.32 0.45 0.3022 Boron (as B) mg/L <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.0223 Arsenic (as As) mg/L <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.00224 Mercury (as Hg) mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.00125 Lead (as Pb) mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.0526 Cadmium (as Cd) mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.0127 Hexavalent Chromium (as Cr+6) mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.0528 Total Alkalinity mg/l 284 197 320 163

SW5 Ranichak (Pond Water)SW6 IOCL Township (Pond Water)SW7 Kadamtala (Pond Water)SW8 Barabari (Pond Water)



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3.7 GROUND WATER QUALITY

3.7.1 On-Site MonitoringGround Water samples was collected from eight (8) locations during the study period to assess the baseline status of the ground water quality of the surrounding 10 km radius study area.

Relevant details of different water quality monitoring locations are presented in Table 3.7.1.

Samples of water were drawn from these sources once during the study period and were analyzed for relevant parameters.

Sampling and analysis of ground water were carried out following the analysis techniques and methodology described in relevant Indian Standards, the guidelines of the concerned body, American Water Works Association (AWWA) etc. The ground water quality monitoring results are presented in Table 3.7.2.

3.7.2 Ground Water Quality The pH value of collected ground water samples was found in the range of (6.8-7.6). Total Dissolved Solids were found in the range of 570-790 mg/l while Total Hardness was found in the range of 255-487 mg/l. Calciumand Magnesium was found varying in the ranges of 90-136 mg/l, 21-39mg/l. Oil and grease was found varying in the ranges of within permissible limits. Sulphate, Nitrate and Chloride were observed in the ranges of 23-59 mg/l, 0.46-1.56 mg/l and 150-229 mg/l respectively. Iron & Zinc contents were found in the ranges of 0.38-0.71 mg/l & <0.05mg/l respectively. Heavy metals like copper, lead, mercury, cadmium and chromium were below their respective detection limits.



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Table 3.7.1Ground Water Quality Sampling Locations

Sample Code

Ground Water

GW1 Near Project Site (Tubewell water)

GW2 Durga chak (Tubewell water)

GW3 Chiranjibpur (Tubewell water)

GW4 Ranichak (Tubewell water)

GW5 IOCL Township (Tubewell water)

GW6 Kadamtala (Tubewell water)

GW7 Barabari (Tubewell water)

GW8 Sutahata (Tubewell water)



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WHERE, GW1 Near Project Site (Tubewell water)

GW2 Durga chak (Tubewell water)

GW3 Chiranjibpur (Tubewell water)

GW4 Ranichak (Tubewell water)

Table 3.7.2Ground Water Quality

Sl. No. Parameter

Unit GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4

1 Colour Hazen Unit Colourless Colourless Colourless Colourless


3 Taste Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable

4 Turbidity NTU 2 3 <1 2

5 pH 7.4 7.5 6.9 7.1


7 Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/L 387 440 255 487

8 Iron (as Fe) mg/L 0.56 0.38 0.44 0.44


10 Residual Free Chlorine mg/L nil nil nil nil

11 Fluoride (as F) mg/L 0.42 0.78 0.64 0.83


13 Calcium (as Ca) mg/L 105 112 102 133


15 Copper ( as Cu ) mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

16 Manganese ( as Mn ) mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05


18 Nitrate (as NO3) mg/L 0.46 0.85 0.55 1.56

19 Phenol (As C6H5OH) mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

20 Mercury (as Hg) mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

21 Cadmium ( as Cd ) mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

22 Arsenic (as As) mg/L <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002

23 Lead (as Pb) mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

24 Zinc ( as Zn ) mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

25 Hexavalent Chromium (as Cr+6 ) mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

26 Total Alkalinity (as CaCO3) mg/L 346 360 306 358

27 Boron (as B) mg/L <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02

28 Total Coliforms MPN/100 absent absent absent absent



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Table 3.7.2 (Contd…)Ground Water Quality

Sl. No. Parameter Unit GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8

1 Colour Hazen Unit Colourless Colourless Colourless Colourless


3 Taste Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable

4 Turbidity NTU 4 <1 <1 2

5 pH 7.3 7.5 6.8 7.6


7 Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/L 390 430 441 312

8 Iron (as Fe) mg/L 0.54 0.42 0.71 0.55


10 Residual Free Chlorine mg/L nil nil nil nil

11 Fluoride (as F) mg/L 0.75 0.69 0.93 0.88


13 Calcium (as Ca) mg/L 108 136 122 90


15 Copper ( as Cu ) mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

16 Manganese ( as Mn ) mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05


18 Nitrate (as NO3) mg/L 1.00 0.80 1.46 0.96

19 Phenol (As C6H5OH) mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

20 Mercury (as Hg) mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

21 Cadmium ( as Cd ) mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

22 Arsenic (as As) mg/L <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002

23 Lead (as Pb) mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

24 Zinc ( as Zn ) mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

25 Hexavalent Chromium (as Cr+6 )

mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

26 Total Alkalinity (as CaCO3) mg/L 300 324 343 297

27 Boron (as B) mg/L <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02

28 Total Coliforms MPN/100 absent absent absent absent

WHERE, GW5 IOCL Township (Tubewell water)

GW6 Kadamtala (Tubewell water)

GW7 Barabari (Tubewell water)

GW8 Sutahata (Tubewell water)



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3.8 NOISEThe word noise is derived from the Latin term “Nausea”. It has been defined as unwanted sound, a potential hazard to health and communication dumped into the environment with regard to the adverse effect it may have on unwilling ears and it causes irritation and discomfort. Sources of noise are many, but it is always higher in urban and industrial areas than the rural one. Industries expose their workers to high noise load for long period of work every day.

3.8.1 Major Sources of Noise in the study areaSources of noise are numerous but may be broadly classified into two classes such as:1. Industrial2. Non-Industrial

IndustrialThe industrial may include noises from various industries operating in cities like transportation, vehicular movements such as car, motor, truck, train, tempo, motor cycle, aircrafts, rockets, defence equipments, explosions etc.

The disturbing qualities of noise emitted by industrial premises are generally its loudness, its distinguishing features such as tonal or impulsive components, and its intermittency and duration.

Non-IndustrialAmong the non-industrial sources, important ones are as follows:

(i) Use of loudspeaker is one of the very common man made source of noise pollution.

(ii) Demolition of old sites and construction of new buildings produce a lot of noise.

(iii) A great role for the increase of noise pollution has been carried out by various types of road vehicles especially by auto vehicle.

(iv) Noise pollution by trains has been reported to the maximum in those areas where railways track pass through residential areas.

(v) The use of aircrafts of many types has been generating various types of noises.

(vi) TV, Radios and Microphones can cause noise pollution if they are switched on with high volumes.



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(vii) Tractors, thrashers, harvesters, tube wells, powered tillers etc., have all made agriculture highly mechanical but at the same time highly noisy.

3.8.2 Ambient Noise Monitoring In the present study, a sound level meter has measured sound pressure levels. Since loudness of sound is important for its effects on people, the dependence of loudness on frequency must be taken into account in environmental noise assessment. This has been achieved by using A-weighting filters in the noise measuring instrument which gives a direct reading of approximate loudness. Moreover, A-weighted equivalent continuous sound pressure level (Leq) values have been computed from the values of A-weighted sound pressure level (SPL) measured with the help of a noise meter.

At each location, readings were taken at uniform interval over a twenty-four hours period, divided into day and night shifts. For a particular location daytime Leq has been computed from the SPL values measured between 6.00 A.M to 10.00 P.M and night time Leq from the SPL values measured between 10.01 P.M to 5.59 A.M, such that comparison could be made with the National Ambient Noise Standards.

3.8.3 Noise Levels in the Study AreaA total of Eleven (11) locations within an area of 10 km radius around the project site have been selected for measurement of ambient noise levels, covering commercial, residential areas as well as sensitive zones. Monitoring was done, covering both day and night time. Noise levels in Leq at the respective locations separately for Day and Night time have been presented in Table-3.8.1.

During the day time, the equivalent noise levels were found to vary in the range of (56.1-69.2) dB (A) while in the night time, the equivalent noise levels were observed to be varying in the ranges of (45.3-56.5) dB (A). As usual, the day time noise levels were found to be higher than those observed at night level.



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Table 3.8.1Equivalent Noise Level in the Study Area, Leq in dB(A)

S.NO. CODE LOCATIONS EQUIVALENT NOISE LEVELLeq in dB(A)

DAY NIGHT1 N1 Refinery Main Gate No.1 67.4 54.2

2 N2 Haldia Petrochemicals Main Gate 69.2 55.4

3 N3 Near Tata Power 67.3 56.5

4 N4 City Centre 65.8 48.1

5 N5 New Market Durgachak 64.8 49.3

6 N6 Refinery Township Hospital 56.1 45.3

7 N7 Govt. College, Ranichak 57.7 47.9

8 N8 Durgachak Primary School 56.1 45.7

9 N9 Refinery Township 56.6 47.1

10 N10 Pathikhali Village 57.2 48.6

11 N11 Jaynagar Village 56.9 46.8

N.B. Day time is reckoned between 0600 HOURS TO 2200 HOURS Night Time is reckoned between 2200 HOURS TO 0600 HOURS



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3.9 SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILEThe Baseline Demographic and Socio economic characteristics with regards to demography, literacy and occupational status have been described based on the Primary Census Abstract, 2011. The relevant details of the Infrastructure facilities have also been extracted from the Primary Census Abstract, 2011. The proposed project of M/s IOCL is located at Haldia Refinery, district Purba Medinipur in West Bengal. The 10 km radius study area around the Hadia Refinery comprises of Sutahata, Haldia & Nandigram-I CD Blocks as well as total Haldia Municipality under district Purba Medinipur. A total of 67 villages arelocated within the study area. A comparative assessment has been made for the respective demographic aspects, based on the year 2011 Census data, which has been discussed in the following sections.

The study area is mainly rural and semi-urban in nature and moderately populated with the total population of 3,64,129 i.e. 1160 nos. per sq. km (as per 2011 Census). Scheduled Caste (SC) and Scheduled Tribe (ST) population is about 17.88% and 0.51% of the total population respectively. The sex ratio in the study area is about 931 females per 1000 males. The overall literacy rate is about 77.2%. In the major portion of the study area principal language is Bengali. The principal staple food is rice.

3.9.1 Demographic Aspects

3.9.1.1 Distribution of populationThe total population of the study area was 3,64,129 as per Census Data of 2011. The distribution of the total population in the study area is presented in Table 3.9.1 (Based on 2011 Census Data). The average family size is 4.6.

Table 3.9.1Distribution of Population in the Study Area

Particulars PopulationNO OF HOUSEHOLDS 79981TOTAL POPULATION 3,64,192POPULATION PER SQ.KM 1160MALE POPULATION 1,88,777FEMALE POPULATION 1,75,352



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3.9.1.2 Social structureAbout 17.88% of the total population belonged to Scheduled Castes (SC). Similarly, 0.51% of the total population belonged to Scheduled Tribes (ST). The distribution of population in the study area by social structure is presented in Table 3.9.2 (Based on 2011 Census data).

Table 3.9.2Distribution of Population by Social Structure

in the Study AreaParticulars Number

Total Scheduled Castes 65092Male Scheduled Castes 33947Female Scheduled Castes 31145Total Scheduled Tribes 1866Male Scheduled Tribes 989Female Scheduled Tribes 877

3.9.1.3 Literacy levelsThe literacy rate was observed 77.2% of the total population. The male literacy rate was 81.6% (of total male literates), whereas corresponding figures for the female literacy rate was 72.5% (of total female literates).The details of literacy level in the study area are presented in Table 3.9.3.

Table 3.9.3Distribution of Literates and Literacy

in the Study AreaS. No. Particulars Number

1. Total Literates 2,81,2432. Male Literates 1541313. Female Literates 127112

3.9.2 OCCUPATIONAL STRUCTUREThe occupational structure of population in the study area is studied with reference to main workers and marginal workers. As per Census of India, all persons engaged in 'work' defined as participation in any economically productive activity with or without compensation, wages or profit are workers. The Reference period for determining a person as worker and non-worker is one year preceding the date of enumeration. The Census classifies Workers into two groups namely, (i) Main workers (ii) Marginal workers. Main Workers are those workers who had worked for the major



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part of the reference period i.e. 6 months or more. Marginal Workers are those workers who had not worked for the major part of the reference period i.e. less than 6 months.

The main workers include 10 categories of workers defined by the Census Department, which consists of cultivators, agricultural laborers, those engaged in live-stock, forestry, fishing, mining and quarrying; manufacturing, processing and repairs in household industry; and other than household industry, construction, trade and commerce, transport and communication and other services.

Altogether, the total workers were 31.9% of the total population whereas the main workers are 70.2%, marginal workers are 29.8% and the non-workers were 68.1% of the total population as per 2011 census data. The distribution of workers in the study area by occupation structure is presented in Table-3.9.4, ratio of male-female worker and the distribution of the total workers (Cultivator, Agricultural, Household and Others).



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Table 3.9.4Occupational Structure in the Study Area

SL. No. Description Number TOTAL POPULATION 3,64,192MALE POPULATION 1,88,777

FEMALE POPULATION 1,75,3521. Total workers 116275

Male 100867Female 15408

2. Main workers 81576Male 73907

Female 76693. Marginal workers 34699

Male 3332Female 7739

4. Non workers 247854Male 87910

Female 1599445. Total Cultivators workers 5762

Male 5477Female 285

6. Agricultural Workers 10525Male 9735

Female 790



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3.10 INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIESMany of the villages and urban area have primary schools, middle schools, secondary schools and Colleges under study area. Medical facilities (primary health centre, allopathic & homeopathic dispensary, maternity and child welfare centre) are not enough in the rural area. Haldia Municipal area has all types of infrastructure facilities. Water supply in the study area is mainly from supply, tank, well, bore well and hand pumps. Electricity is being supplied for domestic, agriculture, and public lighting purposes. Post Office, Electricity and telephone connections are available within the study area.



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3.11 ECOLOGY3.11.1 General

A substantial part of the total study area is essentially occupied by river Hooghly and Haldi, the two major streams of the area. The area receives humid winds from sea all round the year. The soil is rich and mostly clay-loams having very high water retention capacity. The ground water table is quite high, only 3-4 m below ground level. All these factors help in prolific growth of a variety of plants and vegetation in the area.

Due to population pressure there is neither any forest in the area nor any land designated in the revenue records as forest. Early revenue records of the area reveal that natural forest had become totally depleted, as far back as 1830. The area, at present, does not contain any type of forest. Some stray species of trees, shrubs and herbs, occur here and there, representing the last vestiges of the natural vegetation of the region.

3.11.2 Reconnaissance SurveyThe project site and its surrounding area in 10 km radius with respect to the project site are located in the East Midnapore District of West Bengal.

The field study was undertaken once during the study period (15th

March,2014 to 14th June,2014).

Through initial rapid extensive field survey at the selected sampling locations and flora-fauna checklist was prepared by the survey team members.

3.11.3 Terrestrial FloraFlora in the study area was studied by dividing it in two major zones. These zones were:

1. Rural areas2. Urban area including townships and industrial complexes

3.11.3.1 Terrestrial Flora in Rural AreasBoth natural and cultivated plant species in rural areas were studied by surveying representative villages well distributed in the study area. Total flora of all these villages was examined and species were identified. List of cultivated crops, vegetables and fruit trees commonly seen in the area is given in Table-3.11.1. The names of naturally growing species, including lowland and paddy field weeds, upland trees, shrubs and herbs identified in the surveyed villages are given in Table-3.11.2.



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Dominant families in the flora with respect to the number of species are Papilionaceas and Euphorbiacease. From distribution point of view, all the villages close to Hooghly and Haldi Rivers showed large number of species and variety of vegetation. The study area is found to have a very good vegetation cover due to helpful climatic conditions, good soil quality and copious water availability in the area.

3.11.3.2 Terrestrial Flora in Urban AreasUrban areas include townships and industrial complexes. In these areas, one finds only planted species and natural growing vegetation is rare. The species observed are listed in Table-3.11.3. Here plant species observed in various parks and roadside plantations were also included. Growth and health of these plants were generally satisfactory. However, on comparing with rural areas it can be said that at some locations in urban areas, these plants were under stress due to urban and industrial pollution and at times even showed characteristic foliar injury. Thus health of the plants on the sides of roads was often poorer than that in open rural surroundings.

3.11.4 Aquatic FloraThere are a number of permanent water bodies - low lying swamps and ponds found in and around villages. All such water bodies were densely vegetated by different plant forms viz. planktons, floating and benthic algae, aquatic macrophytic plants and water ferns. Detailed enumeration has been summarised in Table-3.11.4.

The planktonic profile of the Hooghly estuary is very rich and varied. The phytoplanktons are the primary producers and form the base of the food chain. The zooplanktons are the secondary producers and they feed on phytoplanktons. A study of the density, composition, and species diversity of these two organisms gives an idea about the nutrient content, trophic condition of the total aquatic ecosystem and the quality of the water.

Results of past investigations for toxicological evaluation of the Hooghly estuary, have shown that among the entire planktonic flora, Coscinodiscus sp. of diatom group (bascillariophyceae) is the most dominant one. The density of the zooplankton species is very low in comparison with phytoplankton flora. The zooplanktons are relatively more abundant in deep waters and come up during the high tides by the upwelling currents.

3.11.5 Terrestrial FaunaThe early records of the faunal history of the region indicate that the diversity of wildlife was comparatively poor. According to Crawford (1803), leopards and wild buffaloes, mainly comprised the wild-life fauna, but according to later reports, both the varieties had vanished by 1830.



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O'Malley has mentioned in the District Gazette of 1909, that leopards were seldom seen and crocodiles were fairly common.

At present, there is hardly any wildlife left in the area. Some of the mammals, rarely sighted, are Fox, Jungle Cat, Civet Cat, Otter, Mangoose and Monkey.

Terrestrial fauna included various forms: insects, reptiles, birds and domestic animals. Common birds in the study area (both residential in the area and migratory) are listed in Table-3.11.5.

The dominating category among the terrestrial fauna was found to be of Arthropodes. Mollusca and Reptila are other classes, which were observed in large numbers in the study area. Among the reptiles, snakes and lizards are most common. Several snake species were seen in the study area mostly in the paddy fields. These were Ptyas, Lycodendron, Microtyphlops and Typhlops. All these are non poisonous species. Among the poisonous snakes, cobra and krait and viper are common species in the study area.

Since there is no forest in study area, wild animals in the study area are rare. Only a few wild animals like jackals, monkeys could be seen in the study area occasionally.

Survey of terrestrial fauna reveals that in general there has been no impact of pollution on fauna. Destructive habits of human population are the only reason for the declining numbers of animals.

3.11.6 Aquatic FaunaThe study area has a rich fish population, a majority of which thrives, in Hooghly and Haldi rivers. Mainly the some brackish water fish have been reported from the waters of these two rivers and some typically fresh water fish occur in the different ponds and tanks, which dot the area. Apart from fishes, mention may be made about some species of frogs, which are common and some species of tortoise, which are rather rarely observed.

Major aquatic faunas in the study area were fish, amphibians, worms, snails and some water insects. An enumeration of both fresh water fishes was carried out and is given in Table-3.11.6. Fresh water fishes were mostly cultured fishes in ponds and water reservoirs.



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TABLE-3.11.1LIST OF CROPS COMMONLY GROWN

IN THE STUDY AREA

Sl. No. Scientific Name Common NameAgricultural Crops:

1 Oryza sativa Rice2 Lathyrus sativus Khesari3 Brassica nigra Mustard4 Cajarus cajan Arthar5 Cicem aeritenum Bengal Gram6 Lens esculentus Masoor7 Phaseolus mungo Mung8 Pisum sativum Peak9 Piper betel Betel10 Bambusa

aurandinaceaBomboos

Vegetable Crops:1 Solanum tuberosum Potato2 Solanum lycopersicum Tomato3 Capsicum fruiticens Chilli4 Daccus carota Carrot5 Rapharus sativus Raddish6 Cucumis melo Cucumber7 Hibiscus esculartus Ladies finger8 Allium cepa Onion9 Chenopodium album Spinach10 Ipomea batata Sweet potato11 Brassica campestris Cauli

Flower/Cabbage12 Solanum melongana Brinjal13 Momordica charantia Karaila14 Cucurbita maxima Gourd

Fruit Trees:1 Mangifera indica Mango2 Cocos nucifera Coconut3 Areca catechu Botel nut4 Musd sapientum Banana5 Egale marmelos Wood apple6 Artocarpus

heterophyllusJack fruit

7 Psidium guajava Guava8 Tamarindus indica Imli



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9 Boraseus flabellifer Palm10 Citrus medica Lemon11 Moringa pterigosperma Saijan12 Carica papaya Papaya13 Eugenia jambalana Jamun14 Anacardium

occidentaleCashew

15 Litchi chinonsis Litchi16 Zizyphus jujuba Ber

TABLE-3.11.2LIST OF NATURAL VEGETATION

IN THE RURAL AREA

12 Zizyphus mauritiana Kul13 Gossypium sp Cotton Wild14 Calotropis procera Akanda15 Tamarindus indica Tentul16 Acacia moniliformis Akachmoni

SL. No. Scientific Name Common NameLowland paddy fields weeds:

1 Xanthium strumarium Kata dhutra2 Gnaphalium indicum Badok3 Polygonum plebejum Chemti sakh4 Alternanthera sessilis Mati Konduri5 Cardanthera triflora -6 Hygrophila spinosa -7 Hydrocotyle asiatica Thankuni pata8 Grangea maderaspatana Namuti9 Ammannia baccifera Banmarich10 Cynodon dactylon Durba ghas11 Marsilea quadrifolia Susni sakh

Upland trees and shrubs:1 Aibiria lebbck Siris2 Mumsops elengi Bakul3 Ficus benghalensis Banyan4 Ficus religiosa Astha5 Terminalia arjuna Arjun6 Thespesia populnea Habul7 Thevetia nerifolia Kalke8 Aradirachta indica Neem9 Borassus flabellifer Fan Palm10 Phoenix sylvestris Date Palm11 Sizygium ciminii Jam



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17 Butea monosperma Palash18 Caesalpinia pulcherrima Krishnachura19 Casuarina equisetifolia Jau20 Delonix regia Radha chura21 Citrus aurantifolia Kaghzi lebu22 Adhatoda vasica Vasaka23 Gardenia jasminoides Gandharaj24 Hibiscus schizopetalus Jhumkojaba25 Hibiscus rosa -sinensis Jaba26 Ixora coccinea Rangan27 Musa sapientum Kala

Common upland weeds, herbs and grasses:1 Clerodendrum

infortunatumBhant

2 Colocasia antiquorum Kachu3 Fleurya interrupta -4 Croton bonplandianum Bon Tulshi5 Blumea lacera Kukurmuta6 Ageratum conyzoides Uchunti7 Justicia gendarussa Jagatmadan8 Jatropha gossypifolia Lal bherenda9 Cyperus rotundus -10 Mikania scandens -

TABLE-3.11.3LIST OF PLANT IN URBAN AREA

SL. No.

Scientific Name Common Name

Tree1 Eucalyptus globosus Eucalyptus2 Acacia nilotica Babul3 Acacia auriculiformis Akashmoni4 Leucaena leucocephala Sababul5 Lagerstroemia parviflora Jarul6 Dalbergia sisso Sisso7 Delonix regia Gulmohar8 Peltophorum inerme Radhachura9 Callistemon lanceolatus Bottle brush10 Casuarina equisetifolia Jhau11 Anthocephalus cadamba Kadam12 Polyalthia longifolia Debdaru13 Butea monosperma Palas14 Pongamia glabra Karanja



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15 Prosopis juliflora Bilati Babul16 Samanea saman Rain tree17 Corypha elata Bottle palm18 Mangifera indica Mango19 Cocos nucifera Coconut20 Arcca catachu Betel Nut21 Musa sapiumtum Banana22 Polyaltia longifolia Debdaru23 Carvota urens Chinese Palm24 Cupressus species Conifer25 Ravenala

madagascariensisTraveler's palm

26 Nerium odorum Oleander27 Murraya exotica Kamini28 Plumeria acutifolia Frangipani29 Sesbania grandiflora Agati30 Michelia champaca Champa

Shrubs and Herbs1 Ixora coccinea Rangan2 Codiaeum variegatum Croton3 Bougainvillea spectabilis Cherei4 Gardenia species Jasmine-5 Hibiscus rosasinensis Jaba6 Jatropha curcas Kananeranda7 Chrysanthemum species Chandramallika8 Coleus species -9 Dahlia species Dahlia10 Tagetes species Marigold11 Antirrhinum majus Snapdragon12 Althae officinalis Marshmallow13 Primula species Primrose14 Bryophyllum sp. Patharkuchi15 Mirabilis jalapa Sandhya malati16 Ocimum Sanctum Tulshi

TABLE-3.11.4LIST OF AQUATIC AND SEMI-AQUATIC PLANTS

IN THE STUDY AREA

Sl. No. Scientific NamePhytoplankton

1 Cladophora sp2 Desmidium sp3 Oedogonium sp



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4 Oscillatoria sp5 Euglena acus6 Volvox sp7 Cypris sp8 Nauplius sp9 Nitzschia palea10 Navicula sp11 Pinnularis sp12 Gyrosigma sp13 Diploneis sp

Benthic and floating algae1 Spirogyra sp2 Oedogonium sp3 Cladophora sp4 Microspora sp5 Oscillatoria ( O. chlorina,

O. subbrevis, O. curiviceps)6 Spirulian major7 Lyngbya conferviordes

Crops field algae1 Microcoleus chthonoplastes2 M. paludosus3 Cylindrospermum sp4 Anabaena variabilis5 Nostoc commune6 Velucheria species7 Navicula sp.8 Oscilatoria princeps9 Rivularia sp.

Floating macrophytesWater ferns

1 Azolla pinnata2 Marsilea quadrifolia3 Salvinia sp.

Floating Angisperms1 Eichhomia crassipes2 Pistia stratiofes3 Nymphoides cristatus4 Lemna major5 Ipomoea aquatica6 Utricularia sp.7 Enhydra fluctuans

Plants of marshy habitat1 Typha anqustifolia2 Scirpus sp.



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3 Pandanus sp.4 Polygonum oriantale5 Saccharum sp.

TABLE - 3.11.5LIST OF FAUNA OBSERVED IN STUDY AREA

Sl. No. Scientific name Local NameMammals

1 Herpestres edwardsii Common Mongoose2 Canis aurius Jackal3 Rousettus leschenaultia Fruit Bat4 Bandicota bengalensis Common Indian Rat5 Funumbuls palmarum Squirrel6 Mus rattus Indian Rat7 Hystrix indica Porcupine8 Mus musculus Common mouse9 macaca mulata Monkey10 Herpestris javanicus Small mongoose11 Pipistrellus coromandra Chamchika

Reptiles1 Varanus varanus Tree monitored lizard2 Hemidactylus brooki (Gray) Brook’s gecko3 Hemidactylus flaviviridis (Ruppell) Northern house gecko4 Calotes versicolor (Daudin) Common Garden lizard5 Mabuya craniata (Schneider) Common or Brahminy skink6 Mabuya macularia (Blyth) Little Skink7 Typhlops acutus (Dummeril & Bibron) Beaked worm or Blind Snake8 Lycodon aulicus (Linn.) Common wolf snake9 Ptyas mucosus (Linn.) Dhaman or Common Rat Snake10 Xenochrophis piscator (Schneider) Checkered Keel back 11 Bungarus caerulus (Schneider) Common Indian Krait

Amphibians1 Bufo melanostictus (Schneider) Common Indian Toad2 Bufo stomaticus (Lutken) Marbled Toad3 Rana cynophlyctis (Schneider) Skipping Frog4 Rana limnocharis (Boie) Paddy field Frog5 Rana tigrina (Daudin) Indian bull Frog



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TABLE - 3.11.5 (Contd...)LIST OF FAUNA OBSERVED IN STUDY AREA

BirdsSl. No. Scientific Name Common Name

1 Anastomus oscitans Asian Openbill2 Gallinula chloropsus Common Moorhen3 Gallus gallus Red Junglefowl4 Leptoptilos dubius Greater adjutant5 Alcedo atthis Common Kingfisher6 Harcyon chloris Collared Kingfisher7 Halcyon smyrnensis White-throated

Kingfisher8 Phalacrocorax fuscicollis Indian Cormorant 9 Phalacrocorax niger Little Cormorant10 Ardeola grayii Indian Pond Heron11 Egretta garzetta Little Egret 12 Ardea alba Great Egret13 Bubulcus ibis Cattle Egret14 Nycticorax nycticorax Black-crowned

night heron15 Egretta alba White Heron16 Ardea cinerea Grey Heron17 Amaurornis phoenicurus White-breasted

Waterhen18 Gyps bengalensis White-rumped

Vulture19 Anas acuta Northern Pintail20 Xenorhynchus asiaticus Black-necked Stork

Migratory Birds1 Numentus phaeopus2 Falco severus3 Calidris minuta4 Bubo Bubo5 Tringa terek6 Larus argentatus7 Limnodramus senipalmates8 Limosa limosa9 Sterna furcata



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TABLE-3.11.6LIST OF COMMON FISH IN THE STUDY AREA

Freshwater Fishes

Sl. No.

Scientific Name Common Name

1 Catla catla Katla2 Labeo rohita Rui3 Cirrhina mrigala Mrigal4 Labeo bata Bata5 Labeo calbasu Calbasu6 Cyprinus carpio nudus Common carp7 Heteropneustes fossilis Shingi8 Anabas testudineus Koi9 Anabas cobojius Gangetic Koi10 Clarias gariepinus Magur11 Oreochromis mossambicus Tilapia12 Wallago attu Boal13 Rasbara daniconius Danikuni14 Puntius puntio Punti15 Puntius ticto Tito Punti16 Puntius sophore Sarputi17 Mystus vittatus Tengra18 Batasio tengana Tengra19 Notopterus chitala Chital20 Pangasius pangasius Pangas21 Ctenopharyngodon idella Grass carp

22 Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Silver carp23 Lates calcarifer Bhetki

24 Labeo angra Kharsa25 Channa punctata Taki26 Sarotherodon melanotheron

heudelotiiTapse

27 Ompok pabo Pabda catfish28 Tor tor Tor29 Raiamas bola Bhol30 Awaous grammepomus Bele31 Barilius bola Koksa32 Channa gachua Gachua33 L gonius Gonius34 C. striatus



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Marine Fishes

1 Hilsa ilisha Ilish2 Pampus argenteus Pomfret3 Scoliodon palasorrah Scoliodon4 Scoliodon laticaudus Scoliodon5 Sardinela fimbriate Sardins6 Pristis microdon Sawfish7 Rastrelliger kanagurta Indian Mackerel8 Hippoglossus hippoglossus Halibut9 Hippoglossus stenolepis Halibut10 Thunnus albacares Tuna11 Ariopsis felis Catfishes12 Tachysurus sona Cat fishes13 Engraulis encrasicolus Anchovy14 Perca flavescens Yellow perch15 Himantura bleekeri Whip tail sting ray16 Dasyatis bennetti Bennet's Stingray17 Boleophthalmus viridis Bony Fish18 Cynoglossus lineatus19 Oxygaster bacaila



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Environmental Impacts of the Project Envirotech East Pvt. Ltd.

CHAPTER-4.0ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

OF THE PROJECT

4.1 PROJECT ACTIVITIES4.1.1 Phases of Impacts

The proposed project will have impacts on the environment in two distinct phases. During the construction phase, which may be regarded as temporary or short-term; the other during the operation stage, which will have long term effects.

The environmental impacts in this study have, as such, been discussed separately for the construction phase and the operation stage.

Spatially, the impacts have been assessed over the study area of 10 km radius of the project site. Overall impacts in the regional context are negligible unless stated otherwise.

4.1.2 Activities during Construction PhaseDuring the construction phase, the following activities among many are considered to be important towards development of impacts:

a) Site preparationb) Excavation and backfillingc) Hauling of earth materials and wastesd) Piling, cutting and drillinge) Erection of concrete and steel structuresf) Road constructiong) Painting and finishingh) Clean up operations

The activities can be divided into two categories, viz. sub-structural and super-structural work. Certain foundation would require pile driving. The pile driving machinery would pose noise and gaseous pollution.

Moreover, construction work will involve cutting of trenches, excavation, concreting etc. All these activities will give rise to dust pollution. The super-structural work will involve steel work, concrete work, masonry work etc. and will involve massive construction equipment like cranes,



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concrete mixers, hoists, welding sets etc. There may be dust, gaseous and noise pollution from these activities. Concrete and masonry works involve considerable amount of water which generally induce certain impact on the local water source.

Mechanical erection work involves extensive use of mechanical equipment for storage, transportation, erection and on-site fabrication work. These activities generally produce some air contaminants and noise pollution. On the other hand, electrical work is less polluting in general.

4.1.3 Activities during Operational PhaseThere is proposal for expansion of Refinery capacity from 7.5 MMTPA to 8.0 MMTPA by revamping existing CDU-I & VDU-I along with installation of Distillate Yield Improvement Project (DYIP) and Feed Preparation Unit (FPU) for Catalytic Dewaxing Unit. The operation involves the burning of Fuel Gas/ Fuel Oil as fuel and the generation of additional waste water. There will be additional 87 kg/hr SO2 emission due to the operation of the proposed projects (in case of 100% oil firing in the furnaces). There may have certain impact on discreet environmental attributes that are discussed in the following sections.

4.2 IMPACTS ON SOIL AND LAND USEFor capacity expansion project and proposed Feed Preparation Unit (FPU) for Catalytic Dewaxing Unit (CDWU), no additional land shall be required. In capacity expansion project, the existing CDU-I and VDU-I shall be revamped. The proposed Feed Preparation Unit will be installed in the vacant plot (Area: 3600 m2), available near the existing OHCU within the refinery complex. Delayed Coker project shall be housed in the 83 acres land, acquired from old Hindustan Fertilizer Corporation (HFC) on long-term lease basis.

As such, the construction activities would be confined within the available land within the boundary of the existing plant premises and the amount of productive soil included in the proposed site is marginal. Therefore, the impacts will be minimum.

Preparatory activities like construction of access roads, temporary offices, quarters and godowns, piling, storage of construction materials etc. will be confined within the project area. These will not generally exercise any significant impact except altering the land use pattern of the proposed site. There will be no impact on the adjoining land.



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As a result, the impact on land use would be very insignificant and any impact due to construction will be confined within the project area and will not hamper the land use aspects outside.

The plant and its vicinity being industrial and urban area, it shall be of no importance to ensure that no degradation of agricultural soils shall result from the industrial or other types of pollution.

Overall, it could be easily inferred that there will be no adverse impact on soil quality & land use in the study area.

4.3 IMPACTS ON HYDROLOGY4.3.1 Impacts on Hydrology during Construction

The piece of land to be developed is a small part of the whole existing complex. Moreover, the storm water drainage of the land piece is well developed as integral part of the total such development of the project site. Therefore, the drainage pattern of overland water flow will not be changed due to the site preparation involving alteration of the existing profile and slope of the land.

4.3.2 Impacts on Hydrology during OperationAppropriate drainage facilities have been developed within the project area including proper disposal to drains. Thus, operation of the project is not likely to cause any impact on surface water hydrology.

About 635 m3/hr water will be required as make-up water, which will be met within the existing allocation from the existing sources. Therefore, there will be no impact on the hydrology of the Hooghly River System.

Around 294 m3/hr wastewater will be discharged into the River Hooghly only after the necessary treatment in the existing ETPs of the refinery. However, such discharge being negligible compared to the extent and flow of the river Hooghly, the impact on the hydrology of the river is practically negligible.

4.4 IMPACTS ON WATER QUALITY4.4.1 Impacts on Water Quality during Construction

Adequate arrangements will be made to ensure proper drainage of wastewater from the construction sites so that such waters do not form stagnant pools nor aggravate soil erosion. Stagnant pools of water will promote breeding of mosquitoes and create generally unsanitary conditions.



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With regard to the water quality, wastewater from construction activities would mostly contain suspended impurities. Other pollutants that may find their way to it will be in insignificant concentrations and may be safely disregarded.

As the wastewater would ultimately have to be discharged to existing surface water drains, care would be taken so that excess suspended solids in the wastewater are arrested before discharge.

Thus, it is recommended to lead drains from different construction sites to pits where excess suspended solids are settled out and relatively clear supernatant is discharged.

4.4.2 Impacts on Water Quality during Operation4.4.2.1 Impacts on Surface Water Quality

Background water quality has been found by actual sampling and analysis. The major water body close to the project site is the river Hooghly. The treated effluent will be disposed into this river through closed pipeline. Water quality of this river has, therefore, been monitored with due importance.

Operation of the proposed units will generate about 294 m3/hr of excess effluent. This effluent will be subjected to necessary treatment in the existing Effluent Treatment Plants (ETPs) to amend the quality of effluent to regulatory requirement before discharge.

As the effluent will be completely treated and its quality is expected to be similar to the level achieved now, no impact on the water quality of the receiving water body is envisaged. The effluent will have the added advantage of huge dilution in this vast river. Such conclusion could be drawn on the basis of evidence of practically no impact of the present effluent disposal into the river, which has been already discussed while delineating the base line water quality scenario.

It may, therefore, be concluded that no impact is likely on the surface water quality due to the operation of the said project.

4.5 IMPACTS ON AIR QUALITY4.5.1 Impacts on Air Quality during Construction

Particulate matter would be the predominant pollutant affecting the air quality during the construction phase. The soil of the project area, being generally silty in texture, is likely to generate considerable quantities of



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dust, especially during dry condition. Dust will be generated mainly during excavation, back filling and hauling operations along with transportational activities. However, wind in the area generally being low to medium, wind blown dust is not expected to have tangible effects.

Undesirable gaseous pollutants will be generated mostly by the automobile traffic. However, this would not lead to any tangible effect, as the expected traffic volume is low. Whatsoever, it would be ensured that all the vehicles plying during construction are properly tuned and maintained to keep emissions within the permissible limits.

4.5.2 Emissions during Operation4.5.2.1 Sources of Emissions

There will be 4 (four) new stacks, after the implementation of the proposed projects. Besides, there will be additional pollution load on 4(four) existing stacks due to the revamp of existing CDU-I and VDU-I.Major pollutant, emitted is sulphur dioxide (SO2) besides nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matters (PM). Other emissions are negligible. There will be an additional SO2 emission load of around 127 kg/hr.

The Stack & Emission Characteristics for both the existing and the new stacks are presented in Table- 4.1.

4.5.3 Air Quality Modelling4.5.3.1 Selection of Model

The gaseous pollutants, emitted through the stacks have the potential to deteriorate the air quality of the area. In order to evaluate the impact on ambient air quality due to such releases, the ground level concentrations (GLCs) as a result of the plant emissions have been evaluated through mathematical modelling using computer aided techniques.

Upon discharge to atmosphere, the emissions from sources are subjected to transport and diffusion processes which together are termed as dispersion. The processes which govern the atmospheric dispersion of pollutants are plume rise, transport by wind, diffusion by turbulence and a number of physico-chemical processes such as gravitational settling, deposition, chemical reactions, transformation, decomposition and wash out.

The computation has been made applying ISCST3 of USEPA, which is most widely used and also recommended by CPCB (PROBES/70/1997-98). The model is based on some assumption such as steady state



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conditions, continuous homogeneous flow, inert passive pollutants, no ground absorption and a Gaussian distribution of the plume in both horizontal and vertical planes.

4.5.3.2 Data Used for ModellingThe hourly meteorological data like ambient temperature, wind speed and wind direction used for air quality modelling have been taken from such data, generated through continuous on-site monitoring during three months’ period (15 March 2014 – 14 June 2014).

The hourly occurrence of various atmospheric stability classes has been determined from the on-site hourly wind speed and cloud cover data using the insolation based stability classification.

The Mixing Height data were taken from one of the published documents i.e., “Spatial Distribution of Hourly Mixing Depth over Indian Region” of R. N. Gupta, applicable for Kolkata region.

Stack and emission data as presented in Tables-4.1 have been used as input to the model. The prediction of GLCs and corresponding impacts has been made for the emission figures mentioned therein.

4.5.3.3 Modelling ProcedureAs recommended by CPCB, radial pattern of receptor locations has been implemented using the polar (r,) co-ordinate system with origin (Absolute Reference Point) being the stack, attached to the existing CDU-I. The locations of the receptors have then been defined with respect to 16 radial directions (N to NNW angle of such directions measured clockwise from North) and radial distance ‘r’ from the origin.

The receptors are selected in such a way that more receptors are located close to the maximum concentration point. The maximum distance covered is 10 km., which has been seen adequate to cover the maximum concentrations for this particular situation.

For multiple stack computation, the actual locations of the stacks have been defined in a Cartesian grid system with origin at the Absolute Reference Point (ARP), x-axis along the East direction and y-axis along the North direction. The inter-stack distances have been considered therein.



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Since the contribution from different pollution sources are additive, the contributions of all sources at a given receptor have been computed separately and then added to get the total concentration.

In order to compute the 24 hourly concentrations due to the operation of the project, the hourly meteorological data recorded near the project site was used. The model was used to compute the 24-hour concentrations for each day for the study period.

Modelling exercise has been performed for the following cases:

Case-1: Existing 30 stacks & future 4 stacksCase-2: Existing 4 stacks (attached to the units, to be revamped) &

future 4 stacks

In case-1, as mentioned above, simultaneous operation of all existing as well as future units has been considered. This is to provide a picture of the total contribution of the plant.

4.5.3.4 Modelling ResultsThe predicted maximum GLCs of SO2, NOx & PM for both Case-1 & 2 are presented in Table –4.2. The isopleths for the respective pollutants for both the cases are shown in Figures 4.1 through 4.6.

It needs to be mentioned that the GLCs presented in the tables and the isopleths mentioned above are the predicted incremental GLCs contributed by the total emissions from the existing as well as the proposed units of the plant. The existing baseline GLCs are not included therein.

Due to emission of all the existing and future stacks in the plant, the absolute maximum predicted GLC of SO2 would be about 68.79 g/m3,which will occur at a distance of about 0.8 km. in ‘NE’ direction. The corresponding values for NOx & PM are 10.36 g/m3 and 5.5 g/m3

respectively, which will occur at a distance of about 1.5 km. in ‘N’ direction. This also includes the contributions from the existing units of the plant though its contribution is already reflected in the baseline ambient air quality, and thus provides a picture of the total contribution of the plant.

The predicted maximum GLCs of SO2, NOx & PM due to the operation of the proposed project are within the prescribed limits. Therefore, there is



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insignificant impact due to the operation of the proposed project on the Air Quality of the area. Hence, it may be concluded that the setting up and operation of the proposed project will not cause any intolerable impact on the ambient air quality.



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TABLE-4.1 STACK AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS

SL.

NO.Stack Details

vs.

Stack attached to

Stac

k he

ight

(m)

Inte

rnal

dia

. at S

tack

To

p (m

)

Exit

velo

city

of f

lue

gas

(m/s

)

Tem

p. o

f flu

e ga

s (°

K)

Flue

gas

flow

rate

(Nm

3 /Hr)

PM e

mis

sion

rate

(g

m/s

ec)

SO2

emis

sion

rate

(g

m/s

ec)

NO

Xem

issi

on ra

te

(gm

/sec

)

Existing Stacks:

1** CDU # 1 ** 53.8 1.94 12.3 454 79722 1.69 11.19 2.59

2** CDU # 1 (Trim Heater) ** 60 1.402 9.99 458 33548 0.48 3.79 0.70

3 CDU # 2 54.9 1.968 9.39 469 60503 1.42 16.17 3.11

4 CDU # 2 (Trim Heater) 65.5 1.402 9.8 475 31661 0.50 6.500 1.33

5 CRU 40.5 1.77 8.68 616 28312 0.31 0.583 0.61

6 KHDS. 30.3 1.55 9.39 479 36852 0.78 1.944 1.33

7 HGU-2 (Reformer) 60 2.65 10.16 494 112989 1.31 2.639 0.0

8 HGU- 2 (PDS) 60 0.55 8.48 425 4723 0.06 0.083 0.0

9 PDA 35.7 1.25 11.21 601 22819 0.36 6.111 1.00

10** VDU-1 ** 47.8 2.4 10.38 629 74289 1.54 10.00 2.96

11** VDU-1 ( Trim Heater) ** 60 1.8 9.81 496 50134 0.82 5.53 1.26

12 VDU-2 60 2.38 9.34 477 86686 1.56 21.44 3.78

13 GAS TURBINE(GT#1) 60 3 17.71 424 294435 3.03 6.39 4.42

14 GAS TURBINE(GT#2) 60 3 17.92 424 297926 2.47 5.47 2.97

15 GAS TURBINE(GT#3) 60 3 17.05 412 291718 2.58 4.86 3.64

16 FCCU (Heater) 60 1.48 9.62 459 35873 0.39 1.22 1.06

17 FCCU (Regenerator) 100 2.0 10.62 332 86244 1.72 20.83 4.19

18 MSQU 65 1.4 9.06 447 31043 0.25 0.61 0.53

19 DHDS 60 1.35 10.31 525 27885 0.25 1.111 0.64

20 OHCU 60 2.65 10.66 544 107538 1.42 10.92 4.00

21 FEU (South) 35.2 1.1 13.84 606 21417 0.33 4.75 0.78

22 FEU (North) 35.2 1.1 14.27 587 22982 0.31 4.56 0.69



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23 FEU (Middle) 35.2 1.1 14.23 608 22123 0.33 4.67 0.47

24 CIDW 60 1.5 9.75 484 34871 0.33 0.56 0.56

25 OHCU # SRU-IV 60 1.06 9.27 496 16360 0.42 19.53 0.64

26 SRU – II 63 0.80 9.05 536 9303 0.19 10.47 0.33

27 SRU-III 63 0.8 10.51 537 9612 0.22 12.14 0.36

28 HFU 21.5 0.65 9.11 446 6646 0.06 0.34 0.22

29 TPS (Boiler-II) 80 2.50 15.44 454 165826 2.35 20.71 2.66

30 TPS (Boiler-IV) 80 2.50 17.81 458 187216 3.86 22.22 5.83

Proposed Stacks:

31 FPU 60 1.50 9.0 443 35298 0.27 5.83 0.21

32 DCU 40 2.25 8.0 403 77603 1.54 8.33 1.35

33 CGO 60 1.35 8.0 573 19649 0.63 4.15 0.72

34 NEW SRU 63 0.8 8.0 573 6900 0.22 11.9 0.30

** Existing Stacks after revamp

Table 4.2Predicted Maximum GLCs of various pollutants

Case Pollutants Max. GLC (g/m3)

Direction Distance (km)

1 SO2 68.79 NE 0.8NOx 10.36 N 1.5PM 5.50 N 1.5

2 SO2 20.70 NE 0.5NOx 1.63 NNE 0.5PM 1.60 NNE 0.5



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4.6 IMPACT OF TRANSPORTATION OF RAW MATERIALS AND FINISHED PRODUCTSAt Haldia Refinery, crude oil is now received from Paradip via Paradip-Haldia Pipeline. An alternate provision of Crude oil receipt exists from Haldia Port. Product is dispatched through 4 different modes: (A) Pipelines, (B) Railway Wagons, (C) Trucks/ Tankers, and (D) Ships.

Major portion i.e., 46.1% of the total product is transported through pipelines. 21.7% is evacuated in railway wagons, while 17.8% is transported through ships. The balance 14.4% is transported by road using trucks/ tankers.

Hence, major portion of the product is transported through pipelines, railway wagons or ships. As such, there is negligible impact on the surrounding environment. However, there is some impact on the environment due to road transportation i.e., due to plying of trucks/ tankers. At present, furnace oil and bitumen are being transported through trucks, tankers, barge and railway wagons. After the implementation of the proposed projects, both furnace oil and bitumen production will be minimised. Moreover, the major part of the products i.e. white oils will be transported through pipelines and railway wagonswhile Coke will be transported through Railway wagons. There will be significant reduction in the no. of trucks, leading to much less road traffic due to the refinery operation.

PRODUCT-DESPATCH MODE AT HALDIA REFINERY



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Mitigation MeasuresWith strict traffic management system and various environmental management practices, contribution of pollutants in the ambient air will be kept under control so as to create minimum disturbances in the neighbourhood.

The vehicular traffic plying in and out of the project site will be one of the significant sources of air pollution. It will be mitigated by properly regulating the traffic and by following strict and disciplined vehicular movement and operation in the project site. The refinery has already developed adequate and planned road network for smooth movement of the goods vehicles.

It would be ensured that all the vehicles plying in the working zone are properly tuned and maintained to keep emissions within the permissible limits. All the internal roads within the plant are metalled; hence dust arising from the internal roads shall be insignificant. The greenbelt development shall further help in reduction in fugitive emissions.

4.7 IMPACTS ON NOISE4.7.1 Impacts on Noise during Construction

During the construction phase, operation of light to heavy construction machinery is likely to emit noise with moderate to huge decibel value. Careful planning of their operation is required during this period so that minimum disturbances are caused. Moreover, residential areas being mostly far away, no significant impact is apprehended.

4.7.2 Impacts on Noise during OperationThe day and night time ambient noise levels monitored in and around the project area revealed slightly high noise levels due to the extensive industrial, transportational and commercial activities in the area. However, such noise levels in industrial areas are within the permissible limits.

Though operational activities is not expected to cause any undue disturbances to the people living in the proximate areas outside the plant boundary, impacts on persons working very close to the said unit are likely.



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Impacts of noise on workers could be minimised through adoption of adequate protective measures in the form of (a) use of personal protective equipment (ear plugs, ear muffs, noise helmets etc.), (b) education and public awareness, and (c) exposure control through the rotation of work assignments in the intense noise areas.

4.8 IMPACTS ON ECOLOGY4.8.1 Impacts on Terrestrial Ecology during Construction

The impact of construction activities will be confined to the project site.Thus, the site development works will not lead to any loss of any vegetation.

Only few species of common birds are sited in and around the site. No wild life is involved in the site and vicinity. Therefore, there is no likely tangible impact from higher noise and emissions during construction on the common animals and birds in the area.

4.8.2 Impacts on Terrestrial Ecology during OperationThe base line status of terrestrial flora and fauna within the study area have been drawn up earlier. As such, there is no forest or wild life sanctuary in the study area. The study area is dominated by semi-urban land use.

The harmful effects of such air pollutants as SPM, SO2, and NOx in affecting growth and other similar functions of trees, either singularly or synergistically is well known. However, such effects are experienced only at high levels. The levels of pollutants contributed by the project are insignificant and are not envisaged to cause any such stress.

4.8.3 Impacts on Aquatic Ecology during ConstructionAs the water quality of the surface water bodies is not likely to change significantly due to the construction activities, no tangible impact on the aquatic life is expected.

4.8.4 Impacts on Aquatic Ecology during OperationTo assess the nature of impact of refinery effluent discharge on the aquatic ecology of the river Hooghly, field studies were conducted at a few strategic locations on the river. From the findings discussed earlier, one can conclude that plant discharge had no tangible impact.

No thermal pollution is expected as closed cycle cooling system will be adopted. As the effluent of the proposed units will be completely treated



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and its quality is expected to be similar to the level achieved now, no impact on water bodies is envisaged.

4.9 IMPACTS ON DEMOGRAPHY AND SOCIOECONOMICSSome workforce comprising of skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled labourers will be needed at the peak period of construction phase. Since most of labour force will be drawn from established neighborhood, no new environmental problem is anticipated. Only for a few skilled personnel, brought to site from outside the locality, proper housing/accommodation would be provided in the established township.

As the construction phase will be limited to a very short time span, it would not have any long term effect.

IOCL proposes to continue the current community development and awareness programmes for the people in the surrounding area.



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FIGURE 4.1 : ISOPLETHS FOR SO2 (CASE-I)

WINDROSE DIAGRAM (MARCH, 2014 TO JUNE, 2014)



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FIGURE 4.2 : ISOPLETHS FOR NOx (CASE-I)




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FIGURE 4.3 : ISOPLETHS FOR PM (CASE-I)




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FIGURE 4.4 : ISOPLETHS FOR SO2 (CASE-II)




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FIGURE 4.5 : ISOPLETHS FOR NOx (CASE-II)




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FIGURE 4.6 : ISOPLETHS FOR PM (CASE-II)




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Environmental Monitoring Programme Envirotech East Pvt. Limited

CHAPTER-5.0ENVIRONMENTAL

MONITORING PROGRAMME

5.1 NEED FOR MONITORINGIt is imperative that the Project Authorities set up regular monitoring stations to assess the ambient levels in relevant areas of environment after the commissioning of the project. An environmental monitoring programme is important as it provides useful information on the following aspects:

i) It helps to verify the predictions on environmental impacts presented in this study.

ii) It helps to indicate warnings of the development of any alarming environmental situations, and thus, provides opportunities for adopting appropriate control measures.

The monitoring programme in different areas of environment, outlined in the next few sections, has been based on the findings of the impact assessment studies, described earlier.

5.2 RELATED ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS5.2.1 Meteorology

Meteorology forms one of the important categories of environment in the area as it directly controls the levels of air quality parameters. As such, a programmable microprocessor based wind monitor system has been installed inside the refinery premises to collect various meteorological parameters like wind speed, wind direction, temperature and relative humidity on a continuous basis.

5.2.2 Ambient Air QualityMonitoring of ambient air quality should be carried out on a regular basis to ascertain the levels of harmful pollutants in the atmosphere, as air quality could represent one of the worst affected environmental disciplines due to the plant operations.



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5.2.3 Stack EmissionsStack emissions should also be monitored, particularly to ascertain that emissions are within the stipulated level. Sampling techniques appropriate for stack monitoring should be employed with the monitoring being undertaken during operation at peak load with the frequency of once in a month.

5.2.4 Liquid EffluentsTo ensure that all sections of the ETP are working effectively and effluent discharged meets permissible standards, monitoring is done at different stages of treatment. Treated effluent quality before discharge is monitored and analyzed every day for the parameters required for MINAS.

5.2.5 Noise Levels Ambient noise levels should be monitored within the plant at a frequency of once every season for one year, in order to compare the existing noise levels with the stipulated limits specified in the Gazzette Notification of December, 1989.

5.3 MONITORING CONDUCTED5.3.1 Stack Emission

Stack emissions are monitored for all the stacks, particularly to ascertain that emissions are within the design level. Emission of SO2 in each operational stack is monitored once a month using wet chemistry methods. Continuous automatic SO2 analyzers have been provided in CDU and TPS boilers.

After the installation of the proposed project, the stack, attached to FPUwill be monitored similarly.

5.3.2 Ambient Air Ambient air quality is being monitored at 5 stations located inside the refinery and 2 stations at Refinery Township at a frequency of twice a week. SPM, RSPM, SO2 and NOx are monitored using high volumerespirable dust samplers.



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Continuous Ambient Air Quality and Work Environment MonitoringThere is a continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Station inside the refinery to monitor RSPM, SO2, NOx (NO & NO2 separately), total HCs (methane & non-methane separately) and CO.

The refinery is using imported portable toxic gas monitors for monitoring work area and individuals exposure to hazardous gases. The gases that can be monitored are sulphur dioxide, chlorine and ammonia, H2S and CO.

These are sophisticated instruments and calibration is done as per schedule.

Presently, noise levels at different locations in the refinery are monitored. The respirable dust levels (Particle size <10 microns) are also measured at the ambient air quality monitoring stations twice in a week.

5.3.3 Liquid EffluentTreated effluent before discharge are monitored and analysed on the daily basis for the parameters required for MINAS.

5.3.4 Noise Noise monitoring is being conducted at a number of relevant locations inside and outside the plant with a frequency of every six (6) months.

5.3.5 Ground Water Quality Ground water quality is also checked periodically to detect any contamination arising out of the solid waste disposal area and the plant area. Monitoring of ground water at some relevant locations is carried out.

5.3.6 Surface Water Quality The water quality of the Hooghly River, the major water body of the area which is receiving the plant effluents, would be carefully monitored at 3 locations close to the effluent disposal point. The sampling frequency would be maintained at once a month and the samples would be tested for physical, chemical and biological parameters and for the presence of heavy metals and toxic constituents.



Additional Studies Envirotech East Pvt. Ltd.

CHAPTER-6.0ADDITIONAL STUDIES

(RISK ANALYSIS & DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN)

6.1 RISK ANALYSIS

Risk is defined as the consequences of a particular activity inrelation to the likelihood that this may occur. Risk measurementor analysis thus comprises of two variables:

1) Magnitude of consequences of certain accident and2) Probability of occurrence of this accident

Probability of a certain accident depends on the probability offailure of a plant component including human error/failure andfailure of designed counter measures.

Probability of a certain consequence depends on the probability ofweather/stability class, probability of wind direction, probability ofignition in case of a fire or explosion, and finally probability of beinginjured or killed which depends on the damage criteria and escapefactors.

6.1.1 Risk Analysis MethodologyThe four normal components of a risk analysis study are:

1) Identification of hazards and accident scenarios2) Calculation of physical effects and consequences3) Estimation of the probabilities and frequencies4) Risk assessment and calculation of risk levels

Major chemical hazards are generally considered to be of two types:

- Flammable (fire, explosion etc)- Toxic (toxic gas cloud)




Where there is the potential for gas/vapour releases, there is alsothe potential for explosions. These often produce overpressures,which can cause fatalities, both through direct action on the bodyor through plant and building damage.

Accidental release of flammable or toxic vapours can result insevere consequences. Delayed ignition of flammable vapours canresult in blast overpressures covering large areas. This may leadto extensive loss of life and property. Toxic clouds may cover yetlarger distances due to the lower threshold values in relation tothose in case of explosive clouds (the lower explosive limits).

In contrast, fires have localised consequences. Fires can be put outor contained in most cases; there are few mitigating actions onecan take once a vapour cloud gets released. Major hazards arise,therefore, consequent upon the release of flammable or toxicvapours or BLEVE in case of pressurised liquefied gases.

Various studies such as Hazard and operability studies, Event treeanalysis, `What-if' analysis etc. are normally applied for theidentification of potential hazards.

Inventory plays an important role in regard to the potentialhazards. Larger the inventory of a vessel or a system, larger isthe quantity of potential release. A practice commonly used togenerate an incident list is to consider potential leaks and majorreleases from fractures of pipelines and vessels containing sizableinventories of flammable/toxic materials.

The range of possible releases for a given component covers awide spectrum, from a pinhole leak upto a catastrophic rupture(of a vessel) or full bore rupture (of a pipe). It is both timeconsuming and necessary to consider every part of the range;instead, representative failure cases are generated. For a givencomponent these should represent fully both the range of possiblereleases and their total frequency.

In general, the following typical types of failures are considered:

- Rupture for vessels




- Full bore rupture for pipes- Large leaks (mainly connection failures), 100 mm equivalent

diameter- Small and Very small leaks (due to corrosion, impact and

other such cases), 25 and 5 mm equivalent diameter leaksrespectively.

For this type of analysis, a screening process is also implemented.This ensures that attention is focused on events with potential tocause fatalities. All events which do not have the potential togenerate consequences are eliminated at this stage.

Risk Analysis for the proposed project has been conducted separately and is attached as “Appendix” to this chapter.

6.2 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

The word 'disaster' is synonymous with 'emergency' as defined by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEF). Disaster is a sudden occurrence to such magnitude as to affect normal pattern of life in the vicinity causing damage to the life and/or property. It requires the best use of internal and external resources to handle it effectively. It may happen usually as the result of a malfunction of the normal operating procedures. It may also be precipitated by the intervention of an outside force such as a cyclone, flood, or deliberate acts of arson or sabotage.

6.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECTFor capacity expansion project and proposed Feed Preparation Unit (FPU) for Catalytic Dewaxing Unit (CDWU), no additional land shall be required. In capacity expansion project, the existing CDU-I and VDU-I shall be revamped. The proposed Feed Preparation Unit willbe installed in the vacant plot (Area: 3600 m2), available near theexisting OHCU within the refinery complex. Delayed Coker project shall be housed in the 83 acres land, acquired from old Hindustan Fertilizer Corporation (HFC) on long-term lease basis.

Haldia Refinery is located on the western bank of the river Hooghly at Haldia in East Midnapur district in the state of West Bengal. As the general environmental setting of the project area including its location, communication, climate etc. has been elaborated earlier in Chapter-3, it has not been separately reproduced here.




The plant is provided with in-built safety system, adequate fire protection system, gas detection system with alarm and trip provision, automatic spray system for storage, bottling and filling, and automatic safe shutdown system.

More details regarding the project and facilities including layout plan is available in Chapter-2. It has, therefore, not been separately reproduced here. Layout plan of the plant is depicted in Figure-2.1.The vicinity map indicating the proposed site has been depicted in Figure-3.2.

6.4 POSSIBLE EMERGENCIES6.4.1 Hazardous Materials to be handled

The hazardous materials that are to be handled at the plant include among others Fuel Gas & Fuel Oil, which will be stored in isolation. As per the hazard classification, they fall under the category of highly flammable materials.

6.4.2 Possibilities, Nature and Effects of EmergencyLeaving aside earthquake, cyclone, flood, arson and sabotage, the possible emergencies that can arise in the plant due to storage and handling of the above materials are:

- Release of containment due to failure of vessels.- Release of containment due to failure of pipelines- Release of containment due to failure of process equipment.- Accidental spillage of containment during handling- Consequence of fires involving the flammable materials- Consequential dispersion of toxic gas vapour cloud.

The major disaster for the plant can be:1) Fire and explosion2) Vapour cloud3) Toxic gas release4) Large oil spill

6.5 BASIS OF DMPThis DMP has been designed based on the range, scales and effects of "major generic hazards" as per the risk assessment. The DMP addresses the range of thermal and mechanical impacts of these major hazards so that potential harm to people on-site and off-site, plant and environment can be reduced to a practicable minimum. The scenarios of loss of containment are credible worst cases to which this DMP is linked.




6.6 CAPABILITIES OF DMPThe emergency plan envisaged is designed to intercept full range of hazards specific to plant such as fire, explosion, major spill etc. In particular, the DMP is designed to mitigate those losses of containment situations which have potentials to escalate into major perils.

Another measure of the DMP's capability is to combat small and large fire due to ignition of flammable materials either from storage or from process streams and evacuate people from the affected areas speedily to safe locations to prevent irreversible injury.

Emergency medical aids to those who might be affected by incident heat radiation flux, shock wave overpressures and toxic exposure are inherent in the basic capabilities.

The most important capability of this DMP is the required speed of response to intercept a developing emergency in good time so that damages can be minimised.

6.7 DISASTER CONTROL PHILOSOPHYThe emergency control philosophy of the plant is in line with its normal operational controls. All emergency operations that may involve shut-down of the plant are controlled from the emergency control room by sending commands to initiate the shutdown procedure using "automatic shut-down system".

The principal strategy of DMP of the plant is "prevention" of identified major hazards. The "identification" of the hazards is conducted employing one or more of the techniques [e.g. hazard and operability study (HAZOP), accident consequence analysis etc.] based on "Manual on Emergency Preparedness for Chemical Hazards" prepared by Hazardous Substances Management Division of MOEF, New Delhi. And since these hazards can occur only in the event of loss of containment one of the key objectives of technology selection, project engineering, construction, commissioning and operation is "total and consistent quality assurance". The Project Authority is committed to this strategy right from the conceptual stage of the plant so that the objective of prevention can have ample opportunities to mature and can be realised in practice.

The codes, standards and regulations (acts and rules) are followed to the extent applicable such as OISD norms, API standards, NFPA standards, Indian Explosives Act & Explosives Rules, The Petroleum




Act, Standards of BIS, Factories Act, Environment (Protection) Act and Rules, Manufacture, Storage & Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, etc.

The Disaster Management Plan (DMP) or Emergency Preparedness Plan (EPP) will consist of:

- On-site Emergency Plan- Off-site Emergency Plan

Preparation of Disaster Management Plan under the headlines of On-site Emergency Plan and Off-site Emergency Plan is in consonance with the guidelines laid by the Ministry of Environment and Forests(MOEF), Govt of India.

As per the guidelines given by the Government, the "occupier" of the facility is responsible for the development of the On-site Emergency Plan. The Off-site Emergency Plan should be developed by the Government (District Authorities).

Haldia Refinery is having a laid down On-site Emergency Plan prepared based on the risk analysis. As regards to Off-site Emergency Plan for Haldia, the same is under updation by District Administration.

6.8 ON-SITE EMERGENCY PLAN6.8.1 Objectives

The objective of the On-site Emergency Plan should be to make maximum use of the combined resources of the plant and the outside service to:

- Effect the rescue and treatment of casualties- Safeguard other personnel in the premises- Minimise damage to property and environment- Initially contain and ultimately bring the incident under control- Identify any dead- Provide for the needs of relatives- Provide authoritative information to the news media- Secure the safe rehabilitation of affected areas- Preserve relevant records and equipment for the subsequent enquiry

into the cause and circumstances of emergency

6.8.2 Action PlansThe action plan consists of:




- Identification of key personnel and teams for emergency management- Defining organisation structure to control the actions during

emergency- Defining responsibilities of key personnel and teams during

emergency- Designating emergency control centres and assembly points- Declaration of emergency and sending all clear signal- Defining actions to be taken by non-key personnel during emergency

6.8.3 Key Personnel and Organisation Structure6.8.3.1 Disaster Control Co-ordinators

The actions necessary during an emergency clearly depend upon the circumstances. Nevertheless, in order to have better co-ordination, effective control of the situation and improved relief work, it is imperative that all activities are initiated and co-ordinated or controlled by selected responsible senior officers. Such selected key personnel each having specified responsibilities, as part of co-ordinated plan is known as Disaster Control Co-ordinators.

For the purpose of emergency management, various groups/teams each controlled by a disaster control co-ordinator are formed which start functioning the moment disaster signal is given (i.e. emergency is declared).

The overall organisation chart including command structure among various disaster control co-ordinators is depicted below in Figure-6.1.

The co-ordinators are:

1) Overall Co-ordinator2) Chief Co-ordinator 3) Work Incident Co-ordinator4) Emergency Control Room Co-ordinator5) Crash Shutdown Co-ordinator6) Fire Fighting Co-ordinator7) Rescue, Repair & Salvage Co-ordinator8) Communication Co-ordinator9) Medical Co-ordinator10) Engineering Co-ordinator11) Security Co-ordinator12) Supply Co-ordinator13) Transport, Public Relation, Welfare & Outside Communication

Co-ordinator14) Tube Well Monitoring Co-ordinator15) Decontamination Co-ordinator16) Finance & Insurance Co-ordinator




Haldia refinery is provided with full fledged emergency control room. In case of disaster warning raised by fire station, emergency control room will be put into action for disaster control management by disaster control co-ordinators.

Overall onsite and offsite co-ordination organograms including telephone numbers have been depicted in Figure-6.2.

6.8.3.2 Duty Locations of Co-ordinatorsAt his Own Office:

- Overall Co-ordinator

At Emergency Control Room:- Chief Co-ordinator- Emergency Control Room Co-ordinator- Communication Co-ordinator- Engineering Co-ordinator- Supply Co-ordinator- Transport, Welfare & Outside Communication Co-ordinator- Finance & Insurance Co-ordinator- Rescue, Repair & Salvage Co-ordinator II

At Field (Emergency Spot):- Work Incident Co-ordinator- Crash Shutdown Co-ordinator- Fire Fighting Co-ordinator- Rescue, Repair & Salvage Co-ordinator -I- Security Co-ordinator- Decontamination Co-ordinator

At Hospital:- Medical Co-ordinator

At First Aid Centre:- One Doctor (during emergency period)

At Thermal Power Station:- Tube Well Monitoring Co-ordinator

6.8.4 Responsibilities of Co-ordinators1) Responsibilities of Overall Co-ordinator

- He will co-ordinate overall situation from his office.




- He will decide to declare disaster (on-site/off-site) on getting information from chief co-ordinator and crash shutdown co-ordinator, and will advice chief co-ordinator for the same.

- He will guide chief co-ordinator for necessary actions of disaster control.

- He will get feed back from chief co-ordinator and crash shutdown co-ordinator.

- He will communicate with HQ refinery and marketing division.- He will co-ordinate with higher govt. authority for any help

required.- Any information to the press and any outside agency should pass

through him.- He will co-ordinate with outside agency for any help, if required.

2) Responsibilities of Chief Co-ordinator- He will establish emergency control centre.- He will mobilise all co-ordinators, assemble at emergency control

centre, size up the situation and to put the disaster control in action.

- He will declare the danger zone.- He will inform overall co-ordinator about the incident, magnitude

of disaster, combating operation and no. of casualties.- He will monitor progress of disaster control activities along with

rescue operation, hospital treatment and welfare measures.- He will arrange foam from other sources, if required.- He will ask help from govt. bodies and other bodies like air force,

civil defence, pollution control board, district medical team after consultation with overall co-ordinator

- He will approve the release of information to press and pass on information to government agencies through welfare and public relation co-ordinator.

- He will keep liaison with HQ.- He will advise finance co-ordinator for release of fund for

emergency procurement as per situation.- He will decide for actuation for off-site disaster control plan after

consultation with overall co-ordinator

3) Responsibilities of Work Incidents Co-ordinator- RSM will act as work incident co-ordinator till CPNM arrives.- He will function as a co-ordinating man between field and

emergency control room and among co-ordinators in the field- He will collect the progress status from crash shut down co-

ordinator, fire fighting co-ordinator and rescue & repair co-ordinator

- He will convey the collected message to the emergency control room time to time




- He will estimate the further resources required after consultation with respective field co-ordinators and will convey the message to emergency control room.

- He can seek the advice of executive director, the over all supervisor of all functions, if he feel so.

- He will extend the facility to play the role of each co-ordinator smoothly and no overlapping will occur.

- He will decide the mobilisation of extra resources in the field to fire fighting/rescue and fire fighting material supply.

- He will inform all the non-affecting area managers for their alertness.

- He will inform the area managers to stop the hot jobs going on to their respective areas.

- He will inform the area managers if disaster is declared as off site disaster.

- If disaster is beyond control and spreading beyond the boundary of the refinery, he will communicate immediately to chief co-ordination of control room to declare disaster as offsite disaster.

- He will establish and operate field emergency control room at RSM office.

- He will assist area in-charge for arranging additional manpower

4) Responsibilities of Emergency Control Room Co-ordinator- He will establish emergency control room immediately after

sounding of siren till chief co-ordinator takes over.- He will assist chief co-ordinator in emergency control room.- He will contact different co-ordinators over telephone.- He will contact with field co-ordinators over walkie-talkie.- He will contact with township hospital for exchange of about

improvement of patients or any other related information.

5) Responsibilities of Crash Shutdown Co-ordinator- He will liaison with chief co-ordinator and respective plant in-

charge from field for safe shutdown of the process units which are likely to be affected.

- He will instruct for isolation of tanks if not isolated at the time of fire.

- He will instruct for isolation of tank farms by closing OWS dyke valves/surface drain valves.

- He will instruct to commission of spray nozzle system on probable affected equipment/tanks.

- He will contact TPS to arrange and ensure availability of utilities and power.

6) Responsibilities of Fire Fighting Co-ordinator




- He will arrange to sound disaster warning siren after consultation with refinery shift manager.

- He will be the in-charge of the entire fire fighting and safety operations. He will place fire vehicle from neighbouring industries at strategic locations.

- He will requisition necessary resources/manpower from mutual aid scheme like WB fire/KoPT fire/CISF personnel.

- He will deploy necessary manpower from refinery employee at strategic locations to control the disaster within a minimum time.

- He will monitor the inventory of fire fighting materials like foam and will contact material co-ordinator through chief co-ordinator for uninterrupted supply from stores and other sources to the fire spot.

- He will impart necessary guidance to the rescue team for safe evacuation of the affected persons.

- He will monitor the fire water tank level and will contact the tube well co-ordinator for uninterrupted supply of water to fire water tank.

7) Responsibilities of Rescue, Repair & Salvage Co-ordinator- He will evacuate the affected/dead persons from the fire spot and

safe carriage to ambulance.- He will mobilise a team from all disciplines to assist fire fighting

co-ordinator.- He will arrange to isolate the live electrical lines.- He will make arrangements for repair of the damaged roads and

culverts.- He will arrange to repair the damaged electrical/instruments

lines.- He will arrange to maintain air conditioner service for the

hospital for the emergency burned patients.- He will arrange to supply power by running the township

generator set to hospital in case of state govt. power failure.

8) Responsibilities of Communication Co-ordinator- He will be in-charge of the entire communication system

including telephones (internal and external), arranging manning of the fixed wireless sets, walkie-talkie sets and distributing the walkie-talkie sets to all co-ordinators.

- He will ensure mobilisation of the total crew/resources as above for immediate repairing/restoring of communication.

- He will organise messenger service.- He will liaison with the P&T Dept. for quicker communication

with the desired places.




9) Responsibilities of Medical Co-ordinator- He will mobilise the medical and para-medical team internally.- He will arrange ambulance to transfer casualties to the first aid

centre and hospital.- He will arrange to shift the patients to other/mutual aid

hospitals in consultation with chief co-ordinator.- He will advise supply co-ordinator for the procurement of the

additional drugs/appliances from Kolkata on emergency basis.- He will maintain the casualty register (type of injury, number etc.

including hospitalisation) and will co-ordinate with police for completing the formalities.

- He will monitor the treatment of the patients admitted at different hospitals.

10) Responsibilities of Engineering Co-ordinator- He will promptly arrange for renting/hiring equipment and men

to meet the emergency requirement.- He will provide all engineering help needed by fire brigade/govt.

agencies on the request of chief co-ordinator.- He will arrange for urgent fabrication jobs from outside agencies,

if required.

11) Responsibilities of Security Co-ordinator- He will mobilise the manpower for assistance to fire fighting co-

ordinator and rescue operations.- He will allow only authorised personnel/vehicles.- He will arrange for regulating the traffic inside the refinery

premises.- He will arrange to evacuate all unwanted contract personnel and

contract vehicle from inside the refinery.- He will arrange for police help for the control of traffic and

public.- He will assist for the transportation of foam/fire fighting

equipment from stores to fire spot.

12) Responsibilities of Supply Co-ordinator - He will procure the fire fighting equipment and foam on crash

basis, if required.- He will procure the medicines and the first-aid items on crash

basis after consultations with the CMO.- He will arrange to issue materials to the authorised persons of

various co-ordinators.

13) Responsibilities of Transport, Public Relations, Welfare and Outside Communication Co-ordinator

- He will arrange all transport facilities for various activities.




- He will arrange for safe drinking water in consultation with the tube well monitoring co-ordinator.

- He will arrange to communicate with the relatives of the affected persons.

- He will arrange for foods for the persons involving the fire fighting and related activities.

- He will inform the statutory bodies and the govt. agencies about the nature, magnitude of disaster in consultation with chief co-ordinator.

- He will assist chief co-ordinator in other related matters as per needs.

- He will assist for the operation of the petrol pumps for fuelling of the fire fighting vehicles as per requirement.

14) Responsibilities of Tube Well Monitoring Co-ordinator- He will ensure the necessary supply of water to fire tanks from

the tube wells/Geonkhali Reservoir/PHED.- He will ensure the supply of the raw water and the drinking

water for meeting the requirements.- He will maintain the constant follow up for quick and immediate

repair of tube wells as per the need of the situation.- He will mobilise the manpower for running of the tube wells as

per requirements.- He will ensure for the supply of the power to the fire water pump

motors and the refinery lighting system.

15) Responsibilities of Decontamination Co-ordinator- He will assist fire fighting co-ordinator to stop leakage of the

toxic chemicals.- He will organise to remove the leaky drums/cylinders to a

comparatively safer place.- He will organise for the immediate neutralisation of the toxic

chemical coming out through the leaks.- He will keep touch with QCM for any kind of assistance w.r.t.

preparation of chemicals for neutralisation, supply of chemicals, transportation to site etc.

16) Responsibilities of Finance & Insurance Co-ordinator- He will arrange to release finance to emergency purchase on the

advice of chief co-ordinator.- He will take care of the insurance formalities and assess the

damage.- He will inform custom/excise regarding the nature, the

magnitude and the type of the damage in consultation with chief co-ordinator.




6.9 OFF-SITE EMERGENCY PLAN 6.9.1 Objective

If the effects of the accident or disaster inside the plant are felt outside its premises, it calls for an off-site emergency plan, which should be prepared and documented in advance in consultation with the district authorities.

6.9.2 Formulation of the PlanFollowing steps are taken into account in formulation of the plan:a) Identification of all concerned persons, organisations, departments

and servicesb) Defining actions to be taken in case of an emergencyc) Setting up the plan, which include the following:- Organisation structure giving details of a command structure and

warning procedures- Establishment of emergency control centres.- Communication system to alert key personnel- Details of people and organisations with specialised knowledge to

control hazard- Details of voluntary organisations who can assist during an

emergency - Plans for evacuation and rescue operation- Plans for medical assistance and rehabilitation- System to inform public and media

6.9.3 Setting Up the Plan6.9.3.1 Organisation Structure

Additional District Magistrate, Haldia / District Magistrate, East Midnapore will be the Emergency Co-ordinating Officer (ECO) for operating the emergency plan. Additional District Magistrate, Haldia will act as ECO till relieved by the District Magistrate or a person nominated by District Magistrate.

ECO will be the overall in-charge of all the emergency activities. The ECO will co-ordinate his activities from the CCR. He will arrange to prepare the plan and co-ordinate various activities with the Works Emergency Controller (WEC) and all the emergency services. WECs are responsible for the on-site plan and overall interaction with external people.




Emergency Co-ordination Officer (ECO)Additional District Magistrate, Haldia/District Magistrate,

East Midnapore

Works Emergency Controller (WEC)

Haldia Refinery HPL IOC, Marketing HLL MCC-PTA BPCL Exide HPCL CFCL Petrocarbon Shaw Wallace & Co. Other Industries

Emergency Services

Police Fire Brigade District Medical Authority Directorate of Factories West Bengal Pollution Control

Board Civil Defence Haldia Development Authority Haldia Municipality KoPT Coast Guard P&T Department WBSEB Railways Voluntary Organisations

6.9.3.2 Central Control Room (CCR) Location:It is desirable to have to two CCR so that if one is affected by the incident, then the other one is available for use. Considering normal air direction in Haldia and location of hazardous industries, it is decided to have main CCR at the Haldia Police Station and ADM, Haldia office. Help of Durgachak Police Station may be taken, if necessary.Communication System:- Non exchange hot line telephone should be installed connecting all

the hazardous industries and emergency services in due course of time.

- Wireless communication system is already established at the police station.

- Emergency sirens are there to warn pubic.- Radio/television can be used to give information to public.- Portable Public Address System (PAS) should be available with the

emergency co-ordinating authority.

Other contents:In addition to communication system, the following items are to be available at both the CCRs:




- Check list of actions to be taken- A complete list of people to be contacted and phone numbers- A copy of the emergency plan- Personal protective equipment- Emergency power supply and lights- An updated list of resources available to fight an emergency i.e.

manpower with various emergency services, equipment required to tackle the emergency, list of organisations and persons with specialised knowledge to fight the emergency.

6.9.3.3 Works Emergency Controller (WEC)WEC is overall in-charge of all activities at the site of incident. He will act accordingly to the on-site emergency plan. A consolidated list of WECs of each organisation is annexed herewith.

WEC is responsible for communicating to the ECO at CCR, police and fire brigade in case of a major emergency. ECO and Police in turn activate the Off-site Emergency Plan as per the established procedure.

WEC will work in close co-ordination with ECO. Based on wind direction and point of leak, WEC will advise ECO about the area that is likely to be affected by the accident.

6.9.3.4 Core (Advisory) GroupIn event of any chemical accident, it is essential to help the proper communication between the concerned unit with respect to theaccident at the site and the public authorities and public in general. This would require Core Group Unit which can play a technical advisory role and also help in the effective communication. It is proposed that Assistant Engineer, West Bengal Pollution Control Board and Inspector of Factories play vital role in this respect. Pollution Control Board is expected to be aware of the contents of the chemicals used by the plants/industries and also the harmful effects.

Pollution Control Board is expected to communicate the type of gas leak and the harmful effects thereof and preventive steps to be taken to ECO at the earliest possible, after on the spot/laboratory test of the chemicals released during the accident.

6.9.4 Roles of Emergency Services6.9.4.1 Police Department

Role:The Chief of the Police will be in-charge of security, evacuation, law and order and road traffic control in times of an emergency.




Evacuation of population is a very difficult task, requiring massive resources at a very short notice. It is, therefore, essential that evacuation be done on a very selective basis. It is recommended that people stay indoors where houses can be made reasonably airtight by shutting doors and windows. However, in case of houses which can not be closed, immediate evacuation will have to be done.

Police must prepare detailed plans for evacuation of different localities for all possible incidents and wind directions. All plansmust be based on realistic assumptions of resources available and time required gathering these resources. Duties of police will cover the following areas:

- Informing public, ECO, emergency Services, other industries, etc. as identified in the organisation structure

- Control of traffic (Rail, road and river traffic will have to be diverted to safeguard people and keep escape routes clear. Assistance of Railways, Coast Guard and KoPT will be taken to control rail/river traffic. Special arrangements need to be made with the Railways and KoPT to open railway-crossing gates on priority for movement of emergency services, for attending to an emergency).

- Cordoning off affected areas- Assisting medical services- Maintaining law and order- Evacuation of population

Equipment to be carried by the police:Apart from normal police equipment, it is necessary that police force also be equipped with personal protective equipment for respiratory protection and body protection.

6.9.4.2 Fire ServiceRole:During an industrial emergency, the main role of fire services will be:- Fire fighting- Spraying water to knock down toxic gases/vapours- Washing away spilled chemicals- Rescue of people trapped in firesFire services must be aware of the properties and behaviours of various industrial chemicals. While fighting an emergency, they themselves should not get affected by the toxic gases or any other harmful chemicals. Proper protective equipment should be used for this purpose.




Senior Fire Brigade Officer of the West Bengal Fire Brigade (Haldia) will be overall in-charge of the operations and will act as the Fire Commander. He will work in close co-operation with the WEC. All other fire brigades, belonging to different industries/ organisations in Haldia will work under the Fire Commander.

Equipment to be carried by the fire fighting personnel:Fire services should have adequate number of following items:

- Fire tenders and foam tenders- Portable fire pumps

The fire services should also be equipped with adequate supply of personal protective equipment. These will include:

- Protective PVC suits and fire suits- Self contained breathing sets and compressor for refilling the air

bottles- Canister type gas masks

6.9.4.3 Medical ServicesRole:Quick medical treatment of people injured in a major industrial accident is essential. Medical services should be geared to meet special requirements of an industrial accident, and carry adequate stocks of specialised medicines/antidotes. A two-tier medical organisation is proposed for this purpose. All chemist and druggist shops should be opened immediately after the accident, if the shops are not otherwise open.

First Aid Posts:These can be located near the affected locality and provide immediate medical aid. They will also evacuate people on priority for medical treatment.

Hospitals:Local hospitals will treat patients in emergency wards. A complete list of hospitals with resources available must be incorporated in the plan. Hospitals available in Haldia are:

- State General Hospital- IOC Hospital- KoPT Hospital

In case of a major gas leak, it is possible that one of the hospitals will get affected and hence will become inoperable. State General Hospital




is more vulnerable in this respect. In such a case, it may become necessary to move patients to outside hospitals.

6.9.4.4 Kolkata Port Trust (KoPT), HaldiaUpon getting information about a major emergency, KoPT should take the following actions:- Make sure that railway traffic is suspended and railway crossings

are kept open.- If necessary, ships are moved out of areas liable to be affected.

6.9.4.5 RailwaysUpon getting information about a major emergency, following actions will be taken:- Railway traffic will be suspended- Railway crossing will be kept open- Trains will be moved under the guidance of emergency co-

ordinating authority.

6.9.4.6 Mutual AidAll industries at Haldia should form a mutual aid plan and pool resources to help each other in case of emergency. An emergency in one factory may affect another factory and emergency plan must take this factor into account.

6.9.4.7 Voluntary OrganisationsVoluntary organisations can play a very vital role in handling an emergency. They can educate people about hazards in all the industries and actions required to be taken in case of an accident. They can also help in providing first aid and helping in evacuation and rehabilitation efforts.

6.9.5 Safeguarding General PublicIf a major industrial accident does occur, the general public in surrounding areas will have very little time to react and save themselves. The local population will have to be warned in a very short period.

Time available to people for a safe escape and threatened by the accident will depend on the nature of accident as below:

- A fire will give more time to escape and generally area affected will be small. Effects of a fire on people will be injuries due to thermal radiation.

- An explosion will give little time to warn people and area affected may be much larger than that in case of a fire. Effects of an explosion on the people will be injuries caused by shock wave,




flying debris collapsing structures as well as exposure to thermal radiation.

- A toxic gas release will generally threaten a much larger area and people will be exposed to drifting cloud of toxic gas/vapours. Time available for warning people will depend on the point of release, air direction and air velocity.

6.9.5.1 Actions by PublicOn being warned of a major industrial accident, general public should take the following actions immediately:

- Immediately go indoors.- Shut all doors, windows, ventilators, and block all the gaps with

wet cloth and fraw curtains.- Switch off fans, exhaust fans, air conditioners.- Extinguish all flames.- Keep torches handy.- Store water for emergency use.- Put on radio, TV for any news broadcast.- Do not jam emergency phone lines by calling emergency services.- Move on upper/lower floors depending on gas density.- Covering nose/mouth with wet cloth will help.- Waif for further instructions from emergency services before

moving out.

In case, a safe shelter is not available, or houses are such that they cannot be shut air tight, then the following steps should be taken to ensure a safe escape:

- Check wind direction.- Plan escape according to point of gas leak and wind direction.

Move across the wind direction, as far away as possible. (Move at 90 degree to wind direction).

- Use respiratory protective equipment if available. Otherwise cover nose and mouth with cloth.

- Keep eyes particularly shut and keep head low.

6.9.5.2 Evacuation of PublicEvacuation of population is a very major exercise and should be taken up on a very selective basis. Plans for evacuation should be made in advance for different accident scenarios taking into consideration the following:

- Wind direction- Population in area threatened- Escape routes




- Resources available to evacuate

Police must warn appropriate agencies to divert rail, road and river fraffic from affected area.

People involved in evacuation and giving first aid should ensure that they themselves are not affected by hazardous chemicals, gases/vapours. If there is a danger of exposure to chemicals then they should wear proper protective apparel. These include PVC suits, rubber gloves and gum-boots, chemical canister type masks of self contained breathing apparatus.

6.9.5.3 Rehabilitation of PublicTemporary shelters will have to be provided for people who are evacuated from danger zone. Once the danger is over, the affected area needs to be checked properly before allowing people to return. (List of selected rehabilitation points is given in the annexed schedule).

6.9.5.4 Education of PublicEducate general public about the industrial hazards and actions to be taken in case of an accident will be one of the key areas of disaster control action plan. For this purpose, the following actions are proposed:

- Pamphlets/booklets regarding industrial hazards in Haldia will be prepared and distributed by the District Emergency Authorities. All concerned industries will participate in preparation of these educational pamphlets/booklets.

- Notice boards will be put in strategic locations, giving the above information.

- Help of voluntary organisations and local schools will be taken to conduct educational sessions to make people aware of the actions that the general public should taken in case of any major emergency.

- The various features of the Disaster Control Action Plan will have to be explained to the various authorities of the educational institutions so that this can be effectively communicated to the teachers and the students for their enlightened co-operation.

6.9.5.5 Role of Haldia Municipality and MLABeing the local municipal organisation and representative of the people, Haldia Municipality plays a vital role in communication of the vital information regarding the disaster with the various implications to the public through its organisational strength and mass contact with the people. And, they will also be involved in the subsequent




rescue, relief and rehabilitation of the affected people. Similarly, fullhelp and co-operation of the MLA will also be required for mass communication and speedy rescue, relief and rehabilitation operation.

6.9.6 Monitoring CommitteeA Monitoring Committee shall be formed by the District Administration to ensure the effective implementation of the Off-site Plan. The committee shall meet regularly.




OverallCo-ordinator

ED / GM (HSE)

ChiefCo-ordinator

GM (T) / GM (TS)

Emergency Control RoomCo-ordinator

GM (HR)

CommunicationCo-ordinator

DGM (P & U) / CMNMEL

EngineeringCo-ordinator

DGM (ES & CC) / CESM

SupplyCo-ordinator

DGM (Material) / CMTM

Transport & Public Relation

Co-ordinatorCHRM/ PAM

Finance & InsuranceCo-ordinator

DGM (F) / CFM

MedicalCo-ordinator

CMO / ACMO

Work IncidentCo-ordinator

RSM

Cash shutdownCo-ordinator

DGM (PN) / CPNM-I

Fire FightingCo-ordinator

DGM (F & S) / SMFS

TubewellCo-ordinator

CPUM / PUM

Rescue, Repair & SalvageCo-ordinator

DGM (MN) / CMNM-II CMNM-I SMNM

DecontaminationCo-ordinator

DGM (TS) / DGM (HSE)

SecurityCo-ordinator

DC-CISF

Figure-6.1 Overall Organization Chart for On-site Disaster Management Plan




TABLE – 6.1

24-HOUR EMERGENCY RESPONSE TELEPHONE NUMBERS

District Magistrate (DM) 03228-266098 (O)03228-266120 (R)09434000700 (M)

Additional District Magistrate (ADM), Haldia

03224-275568 (O)03224-262100 (R)09434008600 (M)

Haldia police Station 03224-251112 (O)Haldia Fire Station 03224-252500 (O)Emergency Control Room(ADM’s Office) 03224-278100 / 275235 (O)Alternate E.C.R (Haldia P.S) 03224-251112 (O)

TABLE – 6.2

HALDIA AREA IMPORTANT NUMBERS

Sl.No.

Agency Telephone NumbersSTDCode

Office Residence

1. Additional District Magistrate, Haldia

03224 275568 262100

2. Chief Executive Officer, Haldia Development Authority

03228 274154 263565

3. Haldia Municipality 03224 2529964. Public Works Dept 03224 274157 / 1145. Sub-Divisional Officer, Haldia 03224 274015 2631316. Block Development Officer, Haldia 03224 284287 2842877. Public Health Dept 03224 2741038. Nodal Hospital

(Haldia Sub-divisional Hospital)03224 278112

2741089. Hospital- 1

(I.O.C.Hospital )03224 262101

10. Hospital- 2(KoPT Hospital)

03224 262102

11. Hospital- 3Basulia Rural Hospital

03220 240243

12. Hospital- 4(Purba Medinipur District Hospital)

03228 266059

13. Electric Supply 03224 27519614. Dy. Commandant, C.I.S.F, Haldia

Refinery03224 252159 263299

15. Inspectors of Factories, Haldia - 03224-274105

033-23379430

16 State Pollution Control Board 03224 27419017. Railway Authorities 03224 26317318. Sub-divisional Information &

Cultural Officer, Haldia03224 274318




19. Commandant, Coast Guard, Haldia

03224 263217 263254

20. Haldia Fire Station 03224 25250021. DGM (Telephone), Haldia 03224 253100 25300022. Dy. Controller of Civil Defence,

Haldia03224 272986 -

23. Dy. Labour Commissioner, Haldia 03224 27422424. Env. Engineer, WBPCB, Haldia 03224 274190

27684725. Executive Engineer, Water Supply,

Haldia (PHE)03224 274148 / 103

26. Superintending Engineer, WBSEB, Tamluk

03228 266255

27. Executive Engineer PWD, Haldia(Construction)

03224 274114 / 157

28. Divisional Engineer, Haldia, (O&M) Division (WBSEB)

03224 275196

29 Commandant, C.I.S.F, Haldia Dock Complex

03224 252229258229

263335

30. Asstt.Engineer, Haldia High Way Sub.Division.(PWD)

03224 275570

31. Chief Inspector of Factories 033 2210327422486271 Ext.3141

25567864

32. Dy. Chief Inspector of Factories 033 22274448 -



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ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN Envirotech East Pvt. Limited

CHAPTER-7.0ENVIRONMENTAL

MANAGEMENT PLAN

7.1 BASIC CONTENTSEnvironmental Management Plan (EMP) is the key to ensure a safe and clean environment. A plant may have taken proper pollution control measures but without a management plan to assure its proper function, the desired results may not be obtained.

A comprehensive environmental management plan consisting of proposed pollution control systems and additional mitigatory measures for abatement of the undesirable impacts elucidated earlier have been drawn up which are discussed in the next few sections. Post project environmental monitoring programme to be undertaken after commissioning of the project for assistance in detecting the development of any unwanted environmental situation has also been designed and presented.

Haldia refinery is an existing refinery running for more than threedecades. It has a detailed Environmental Management Programme and it meets all statutory requirements. For its excellent Environment Management System, it has been accredited with ISO-14001 by M/s DNV (Det Norske Veritas), Netherlands since 27th August, 1997. Further, the conferring of the Awards like Golden Peacock Environment Management award by World Environment Foundation in the years 1999 and 2000, Millennium Business Award by United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) in the year 2000 & Environmental Excellence Award in the year 2005 by West Bengal Pollution Control Board & Indian Chambers of Commerce is the manifestation of its commitment towards achieving the continual improvement in its Environmental Management System.

The following management activities are discussed to highlight its importance in improving environmental quality. Proposed environmental management and pollution control systems to be installed or provided for the project are also discussed at relevant places.

7.2 CONTROL OF EMISSIONMajor pollutant emitted from various refinery stacks is sulphur dioxide (SO2). Other emissions of minor importance include particulates, oxides of nitrogen (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO),



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hydrocarbons (HC) etc. Sources of SO2 are mainly boilers, different process heaters and flares.

Following measures have been adopted to control emission and to satisfy minimum stack height criteria in the existing plant:

1) Two Sulphur Recovery Units (SRU) have been installed to convert H2S recovered from fuel gas into elemental sulphur thereby reducing SO2

emission to the desired level.

Further to keep the emission level within the limit of 1475 Kg/ Hr., following actions have been taken:

i) Installation of >99% efficiency new SRU under Once Through Hydrocracker Unit (OHCU)

2) Refinery is specially importing low sulphur crude oil at higher cost than normal crude oil to generate low sulphur internal fuel oil.

3) A new Crude Distillation Unit (CDU-II) was constructed and commissioned in 1997 to process low sulphur crude and generate low sulphur internal fuel oil for use in TPS boilers and process unit heaters to comply with SO2 emission standard for CDU/VDU and stack height criteria for TPS.

4) Proper excess air ratio is maintained in furnaces and boilers so that unburnt hydrocarbons do not escape into flue gases for which oxygenanalysers are provided in various furnaces to monitor the excess air.

5) Various energy conservation schemes have been implemented & under implementation to reduce fuel consumption thereby reducing emissions.

6) Revamp of Fuel Gas Amine Treatment unit has been done for reducing fuel gas H2S level to ≤ 50 ppmv (revamped unit commissioned in Jan’2013).

7) There is continuous monitoring of Flare Gas Recovery Compressors (2 nos.) so as to keep them healthy for minimizing flare (and SO2

emission there from).6) Stacks of 80 meters height have been constructed for TPS boilers for

better dispersion. 7) Continuous monitoring is being done for refinery steam power

balance so that the steam venting is minimum / nil.

With the commissioning of new CDU (CDU-II) since March, 1997, low sulphur internal fuel oil (sulphur content 0.8-1% wt) generated is fired in the process heaters and boilers along with sweet fuel gas.



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7.2.1 Control of Emission in Proposed ProjectNOX will be controlled by using low NOX burners. Additional approx. 87 kg/hr. SO2 emission will take place in case of 100% oil firing inthe proposed project. Carbon monoxide emission will be controlled bygood combustion practices.

7.3 GREENBELT DEVELOPMENTThe potential value of vegetation in controlling air pollution has been well recognised. Trees can filter particulates and are effective as sink of pollutants. Vegetation also reduces noise level and regulates the oxygen balance in the area by consuming released carbon dioxide.

NOx Emission Control:• New furnaces with Low NOx

burners• Retrofit / replacement of existing

burners with Low NOx burners

Monitoring & Control:• Ambient Air :

- Regular monitoring of Ambient Air Quality • 5 high volume samplers at

Refinery• 2 high volume samplers at

Township• One continuous Ambient Air

Quality monitoring station inside Refinery to monitor SO2, NOx, SPM, CO & total hydro carbon.

• All the parameters are much below the stipulated limits.



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Development of green belt is, therefore, nowadays imperative around industrial complexes.

In order to improve the aesthetic look of the area and enhance the land use as well as to compensate for any loss in ecology during construction, adequate plantation programmes around the project site have been planned and adopted.

A comprehensive green belt development plan was prepared for the refinery in consultation with eminent ecologist Dr D N Rao in May'90. Tree plantation inside the refinery premises and in township is a regular activity, and so far, about 38,709 trees have been planted in the refinery and township.

Such green areas not only improve the floral status as well as the look of the area, but also serve the purposes of arresting any fugitive dust from unpaved or open areas, abating the noise effects through dampening, replenishing the oxygen and ameliorating the surrounding temperature.

After considering the need of open space for easy fire fighting and maintaining safety, greenbelt has been developed along the periphery in addition to small patches of green area in the unutilised open spaces, roadside tree plantation and grass lawns. The peripheral green belt varied in width to suit the plant design requirement. Due to safety and fire hazards posed by trees in LPG loading area and other locations, tree plantation in these areas has been restricted.

As green belt development programme has already been undertaken under existing projects, such programme will be further strengthened during the proposed project as well. Tree plantation across the green belt channel and around the DCU area is being considered.

The plantations consist of a mixture of carefully chosen locally available species of trees, shrubs and herbs, preferably evergreen and resistant to adverse environmental conditions. Due regard for reasons of fire hazard has been given to the tree species which are less littering in nature.

Tree plantation is also carried out by the Calcutta Port Trust in the area. Moreover, afforestation programme has already been taken care in the area by Haldia Development Authority.

The plant species which are planted for developing a green belt in and around the complex include Acasia auriculaformis, Banninia purpuria,Buter frondos, Bottol plam , Casurina, Cassia nodosa,



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Cassia fistula, Cassia glisadia, Cassia ceressia, Casaia renegers, Callistemon lanceolatus, Cocktosphorum gossipium, Cadamba, Coconut, Delomxregia, Eucalyptus, Harbour, Jamun, Jack fruit, Lagestromia, Mango, Mimusops alengi malsari, Milliantonia hortenisis, Peltophorum, Polyaltmia longifulia, Raintree, Shrienochera trinjunga, Sopeda, Saraca indica, Swana champa.

The plant species are selected on the basis of their growth and morphological characteristics (height, crown and ornamental values) and keeping in view the other factors like availability of local species, resistance to pollutants, location of sources, plant layout, meteorological conditions, water availability etc.

In addition to above, to improve aesthetic look, lawns and flower beds have been developed in the refinery and township in the proximity of offices, unit area, control room, laboratory, hospital, school etc.

As a policy, Haldia refinery has laid special emphasis on tree plantation in the project areas and its surroundings. Minimising the destruction of existing trees and undertaking of plantation since the beginning of construction activities are certain general guidelines followed. The afforestation programme is drawn to conform to natural climatic conditions and adaptability of the species.

Haldia refinery has developed independent horticulture departments headed by experienced horticulture officers/supervisors. Sufficient workmen assist in the successful implementation of the afforestation programmes.

Tree plantation inside the refinery premises and in township is a regular activity so far. Special drive of plantation is taken through structured programmes such as “Van Mahatsav” and “World Environment Day” which are organised every year. Flower show is organised every year and residents are encouraged to maintain kitchen gardens and lawns. During “Van Mahotsava”, organised every year in the month of July, about 2000 – 3000 saplings are distributed amongst the township residents and neighbouring villagers.

As regards to the plantation outside the refinery boundary, the land belongs to the Calcutta Port Trust and Haldia Dock Complex. Tree plantation in these areas is carried out by the Calcutta Port Trust. Moreover, afforestation programme has already been taken care in the area by Haldia Development Authority.

Photographs on Plantation inside Refinery Area & Outside Refinery Area is presented as Annexure-I.



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7.4 COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMEAt Indian Oil, corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been thecornerstone of success right from inception in the year 1964. TheCorporation’s objectives in this key performance area areenshrined in its Mission statement: "…to help enrich the quality oflife of the community and preserve ecological balance and heritagethrough a strong environment conscience."

As a constructive partner in the communities in which it operates,Indian Oil has been taking concrete action to realise its socialresponsibility objectives, thereby building value for its shareholdersand customers. The Corporation respects human rights, values itsemployees, and invests in innovative technologies and solutions forsustainable energy flow and economic growth. In the past fivedecades, Indian Oil has supported innumerable social andcommunity initiatives in India.

The Indian Oil Foundation (IOF), a non-profit Trust was created in2000 to protect, preserve and promote the National Heritage, incollaboration with ASI and NCF of the Government of India. Inthe first phase, the following sites have been identified fordeveloping tourist friendly facilities in the monument complex:

Konark Sun Temple, Odisha in Eastern Zone Vaishali, Bihar in Eastern Zone Kanheri Caves, Maharashtra in Western Zone Khajuraho, Madhya Pradesh in Central Zone Warangal Fort, Andhra Pradesh in Southern Zone

The projects for developing tourist friendly facilities at the abovesites are in various stages of planning/execution.

The Corporation also supports a variety of endeavours in arts, culture, music and dance, apart from organising programmes on its own under the banners of Indian Oil Art Exhibition, Indian Oil Sangeet Sabha and Indian Oil Kavi Sammelan.

The Community Development Programme adopts a multi-disciplinary approach incorporating health, family welfare, education, drinking water and sanitation, empowerment of women and other marginalized groups in the vicinity of our major installations. While utilising the Community Development Funds, more emphasis is laid on the projects for providing Clean Drinking Water, Health & Medical Care and Education.



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The activities undertaken under the above three thrust areas are as under:

Providing Clean Drinking Water: Installation of handpumps/bore well/tube wells/submersible pumps,construction of elevated water tanks, providing water tapconnection, rainwater harvesting projects/kits, aqua guardwater purifiers/water coolers to schools/community centreetc.

Health & Medical Care: Organising Medical/Health Campson Family Planning, Immunization, AIDS awareness, PulsePolio, Eye, Blood Donation, Pre and Post-natal Care,Homeopathic Medicine etc., distribution of free condoms,providing anti-mosquito fogging treatment, toilets, medicinesto primary health centres, mosquito nets, ambulances toMedical Centres/Hospitals/NGOs, hearing aids/wheel chairsto physically challenged, financial assistance to hospitals,medical equipments etc.

Besides the above, Indian Oil also runs and maintains thefollowing for the benefit of the local community:

50 Bed Swarna Jayanti Samudaik Hospital, RaunchiBangar, Mathura: Indian Oil has set up a 50 bed SwarnaJayanti Samudaik Hospital, at village Raunchi Bangar,Mathura, Uttar Pradesh for providing medical assistance tothe residents of the area. In addition, two mobiledispensaries have been set up by Mathura Refinery toprovide primary medical care in the nearby villages ofMathura Refinery. The entire cost of operation andmaintenance of hospital including operation of two mobiledispensaries is borne by the Corporation. The hospitalprovides free treatment to destitute and offers subsidizedtreatment to others.

200 bed hospital set up by Assam Oil Division, IOCL atDigboi, Assam: Indian Oil has set up and runs a 200 bedhospital at Digboi with ultra-modern medical facilities forthe benefit of the people of the area. The hospital doctors alongwith paramedical staff also visit the nearby villages forproviding health care services to the villagers. The medicalcare services provided by the hospital are heavily subsidized.

Assam Oil School of Nursing, AOD, Digboi: Assam OilSchool of Nursing, established in the year 1986, offers athree year diploma course in General Nursing and Midwifery,recognized by the Indian Nursing Council, where local girls



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are trained to be professional nurses. 20 Students per yearare awarded Diploma by the Nursing School and till dateover 294 girls have obtained diploma in Nursing andMidwifery courses. The entire cost of training is borne by theCorporation and the students are also paid a monthly stipendduring their training.

Indian Oil Rural Mobile HealthCare Scheme: Indian Oil hasidentified the lack of medical services, especially availability ofqualified doctors, as one of the major problems facing ruralIndia. Most of the diseases prevalent in rural India can betreated through timely primary healthcare and basicawareness regarding prevention and treatment. In order tobridge this gap, IndianOil is planning to launch theIndianOil Rural Mobile HealthCare Scheme, which wouldprovide primary healthcare to the villages near the IndianOil Kisan Seva Kendras. Kisan Seva Kendra is an award-winning retail outlet model pioneered by IndianOil to caterto the needs of customers in the rural segment. Under theIndianOil Rural Mobile HealthCare Scheme, mobile medicalunits with a dedicated team of doctor, pharmacist,community worker and driver would travel amongst thevillages near a Kisan Seva Kendra as per a fixed scheduleproviding primary healthcare to the local community. In thepilot phase, IndianOil intends to launch the scheme in partsof Uttar Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh, which would later bescaled up to other states as well.

Expansion of Education: Providing financial assistance toschools for construction/renovation/repair of hostels, schoolbuildings, classrooms etc., computers to schools, books,furniture, laboratory equipment, awards to meritoriousstudents, scholarships to poor students, adult literacyprogramme, delivery vans for distribution of mid-day mealsto Govt. School children, sponsoring/organizing ruralsports/games, sports meets/events, supporting educationand research activities etc.

Every year Haldia Refinery undertakes various activities under Corporate Social Responsibilities (CSR) in villages within the sub-division of Haldia, Mahishadal, Tamluk and Nandigram of Purba Medinipur District of West Bengal to enrich the quality of life of the communities through multi-disciplinary Committee.

Few glimpses of the CSR work undertaken by Haldia refinery are as follows:



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Renovated Milan School Building by IOCL in the Year 2014-2015

Inauguration of Renovated school

building and Computer laboratory



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Health Camp organized by CSR Department of Haldia Refinery on 17.12.2014

Toilet Construction in the Local School (2015)



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Health Camp Organised by IOCL at Horakhali

Blood Donation, Diabetes check-up & Eye-Check up Camp by IOCL



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Health Care Funds for Dental Equipment & Eye Testing at Netra Niramoy Niketan, Chaitanyapur and Mahishadal Dental Hospital respectively

Financial Support to Local Education Facilities for betterment



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Construction of room for ICDS Centre along with toilet. Kandalda I.C.D.S. Centre in Nandakumar

Purba Medinipur

Construction of room for Paramananandapur ICDS Centre.Nandakumar Purba Medinipur

Financial support to Puyada Junior Basic School Byabortharhat in Nandakumar Purba Medinipur

Construction of Dressing Room in “Khejurberia Block Primary Health Center” Nandakumar

Construction of room for Tikarampur ICDS Centre



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Besides, Haldia Refinery has taken initiative for de-silting of Green Belt Channel (GBC). The de-silting of around 400 M stretch was carried out in FY’2008-09. Additionally in FY’2013-14, de-silting of another 500 M stretch has been carried out with approximate cost of Rs. 80 Lakh. Another 2.5 KM stretch (up to Refinery Gate) will be covered in this FY’2014-15 with the estimated cost of Rs. 2.5 Crore.

Around 50 lac rupees have been allocated for undertaking CSR activities for FY 2014-2015.

7.5 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY 7.5.1 Occupational Health Centre (OHC)

Occupational health is given utmost importance in the refinery. Occupational health monitoring of the employees is being done since inception by the refinery hospital. However, the existing facilities have been further strengthened by setting up a full fledged Occupational Health Centre (OHC) equipped with latest clinical, pathological and other modern diagnostic equipment and work

Development of Civic Infrastructure in neighboring villages –Provision of Safe Drinking Water



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environment monitoring equipment and manned by professionally qualified and trained doctors, hygienist and paramedical staff.

7.5.2 Medical Check upTo ensure proper occupational health of employees and detect any problems well in time, the following medical check ups are conducted:

1) Pre-employment check up of employees: Before joining, an employee is thoroughly examined to ensure that he is medically fit to perform his duties.

2) Annual medical check up of employees: All employees above the age of 40 have to undergo medical check up annually once.

3) Medical check up of heavy equipment operators: Heavy equipment operators like loco drivers and crane operators are also given regular medical check ups once a year.

4) Check up of workers employed in hazardous area: All workers employed in hazardous areas are given thorough occupational health check up.

7.5.3 Training of EmployeesDuring first aid training programme, classes on occupational health and hygiene are held for the officers and staff. All employees are exposed to this training.

EXISTING FACILITIES Occupational Health ActivityOccupational health check up carried out for pre-employment as & when required basis and statutory (target group) which is mandatory is covered periodically. Other than the above, Health check up facility extended to the Employees age group > 40 yrs, pre-retirement, voluntary, CISF, School Health also. Medical record keeping is maintained in OHC software module for easy retrieval of health record.

Occupational Health & HygieneHealth risk profile for employees for the diseases of HYPERTENSION, DIABETES, DYSLIPIDEMIA, LUNG FUNCTION TEST, AUROSCOPY, and AUDIOMETRY are identified to get information on occupational or non-occupational health diseases.



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EXISTING FACILITIES ATOCCUPATIONAL HEALTH CENTRE



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Monitoring and survey for Industrial HygieneToxic gas monitoring for NH3, CO, SO2, H2S gases inside plant area is carried out on monthly basis.

Illumination survey carried out on monthly basis for five areas inside Plant area.

Noise level monitoring done yearly basis Ambient air monitoring carried out twice in a week Bacteriological analysis for Drinking water is done on monthly

basis

Service of AC ambulance: 2 nos. AC ambulance One placed at First Aid Centre for 24 hours One placed at OPD for 24 hours emergency

Outsourcing: Female House-keeping Attendants, 03 nos. promoted to Attendant

cum Dresser's post. - job outsourced -SOT reduced Male House-Keeping Attendants, 02 nos. promoted to Attendant

cum Dresser's post - job outsourced - SOT reduced Outsourcing of Hospital Pathology service - approval obtained to

line up with Lal Path. Hospital Diet Supply - outsourced. Engagement of private ambulance with attendant for

transportation of patients to Kolkata - SOT reduced for Drivers and pharmacist



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RenovationRoom No. 1 of Hospital Indoor and Visiting Specialist's room at OPD renovated.

First Aid cum Occupational Health Centre at Refinery – Renovation job with additional Bath Tub facility for BURN case - 95% completed.

Local Medicine purchaseContract given to local Medicine shop for supply of prescribed medicines to employees and their dependents - 24 hours service.

Awareness Programme and free health Check upTime to time talk by eminent specialist doctors arranged to create mass awareness on,

Diabetes Heart Disease Life Style to manage diabetes , heart disease Cancer HIV & AIDS Bone mineral density Hb AIC

In the awareness programme free health check up for the followings are also arranged:

HbA1C for blood sugar to detect diabetes Heart disease and hypertension Neurosurgeon check up Orthopedic Check up with Bone Mineral Density

Dr Amrita Choudhury, Gyaenocologist, Rubi Hospital discussed on Gyaenocological issues and cervical cancers to educate ladies of Haldia as a part of Celebration of International Women’s Day.

Checking & Surveillance of First Aid Box (FAB)Fortnightly checking & surveillance of First Aid Box to replenish the first aid items and so that first aid can be given in time.



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Bio-medical WasteBio-medical waste is kept in segregated manner for safe disposal through West Bengal Pollution Control Board approved Agency.

Consent for Haldia Refinery Hospital valid up to 31.03.2016 Grant of authorization for generation, collection, reception,

storage, transportation, disposal, or any form of BMW – valid up to 31.01.2017

Occupational Health and Safety For Proposed ProjectThe existing facilities at the Refinery shall be utilised for the proposed project.



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7.6 OTHER RELATED ASPECTS

7.6.1 Pollution Control CellA dedicated Pollution Control Cell consisting of experienced and qualified engineers co-ordinates all the activities related to environment management in the refinery. This cell apprises day to day performance as well as develops plans for future improvement in existing facilities.

Similarly, there is a full-fledged Pollution Control Laboratory having modern and sophisticated equipment and manned by qualified personnel to test and monitor performance on day to day basis.

7.6.2 Energy Conservation MeasuresThere has been continuous thrust on the reduction of energy usage by means of adopting various energy conservation (ENCON) measures, which help in reducing emissions.

Some of the significant ENCON measures already implemented, includes the following:

Soaker Technology in VBU resulted in energy saving in furnance. Outboard Steam Generator installed in CRU Stack to produce

steam from the outgoing hot flue gas. Replacement of old refractory in CDU – I Furnace by Ceramic Fibre

thereby heat loss through furnace wall greatly reduced. Installation of Packinox Heat Exchangers installed in CRU feed

preheat train to increase the preheat temperature and thereby furnace load has got reduced.

Heat integration in Solvent Dewaxing Unit through Pinch Study and thereby substantial gain in steam saving (of the order of 7 – 8 MT/Hr of steam could be saved.)

Through heat integration study additional heat exchangers installed in feed preheat train of Crude Distillation Unit ( CDU – I ) thereby crude preheat temperature has been increased from 262oC to 270oC. It has reduced the furnace load.

Recovery of Flashed Steam, from Condensate Recovery Station, the facility has been commissioned recently thereby a saving of more than 2.5 million heat per hour as well as 5 Ton condensate was realised, which was earlier vented to atmosphere.

ENCON is an ongoing process and plans have been formulated to achieve a further saving of fuel oil in the coming years.



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In addition to these measures, monitoring of furnace and boiler operation, insulation survey of furnaces, boilers, steam lines and hot feed/product pipelines are carried out by internal and external audit teams in periodic manner to improve ENCON performance.

Energy Conservation Measures for Proposed ProjectThe refinery facilities shall be designed to meet the high standards of energy efficiency. These shall include the following:

Optimization of heat recovery from product streams in the process unit (applicable for both new FPU and modified CDW)

Recovery of condensate and reuse for steam generation Optimization of preheat temperatures & optimization of reflux

ratios etc. Use of microprocessor based process control for having efficient

process control & optimum usage of utilities.

7.6.3 Process/Product Quality ImprovementMono-metallic catalyst in Catalytic Reforming Unit (CRU) has been replaced by bimetallic catalyst which has helped in increasing Octane number of Reformate and length of cycle. With the above action, TEL dosing in MS has been discontinued. To further improve the MS quality, MSQ project has been commissioned in Oct’05.

Diesel Hydro Desulphurisation Unit has already been commissioned and thereby sulphur level in diesel has been brought down from 1% to 0.25%, 0.05 %wt and now less than 0.035%.

Haldia Refinery has launched eco- friendly bitumen emulsion product (for carpetting of roads) which does not require heating during application.

Haldia Refinery has further launched a new eco friendly product i.e, food grade micro crystalline wax adopting a new environmentally sound technology.

MS Quality Improvement Unit has already been commissioned and Sulphur in MS has come down from 0.1% to 0.05% and then to 0.015%.

7.6.4 Loss Control/Resource Conservation MeasuresSimilar to ENCON, there is a constant thrust on loss control and resource conservation measures. Some of the key measures executed for water conservation are as under:



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Water Recovery from pump bearing / pedestal compressor cooling in lube hydro-finishing unit and recycling to cooling tower.

Water Recovery from pump gland and jacket cooling in TPS and recycling to cooling tower.

Steam leak, pump/valve gland leak and comprehensive loss control surveys by internal and external teams are carried out to reduce losses. All these measures have helped in reducing refinery loss from a level of 0.66% wt of crude in 1995-96 to 0.37% wt in 1999-2000. In order to reduce the hydrocarbon losses further, fixed roof storage tanks of light products service are converted to floating roof type and specially designed “Flex-a-seals” are being installed on floating roof tanks.

7.6.5 Fire and Safety ManagementFull fledged fire fighting facilities are provided in the refinery to tackle double fire contingency. Regular safety audits by internal and external teams are carried out for enhancing safety performance. Mock fire drills are conducted every month. Onsite and Offsite Disaster Management Plan have been developed and mock drills are conducted at planned intervals to keep the disaster management team in a state of full preparedness.

In addition to above, refresher training programmes are conducted at regular intervals for IOC’s own employees, contractors’ labourers as well as tank lorry crews engaged in transportation of products to enhance their safety and environmental awareness.

7.6.6 Legal and Statutory ComplianceHaldia refinery is meeting all statutory requirements. Yearly clearances from the State Pollution Control Board for liquid, gases and hazardous wastes disposal are obtained. Specific information in prescribed forms is submitted as per Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, Hazardous Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, Manufacture, Storage & Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules etc. All requirements under these acts and rules are fully complied with. In addition, Environmental Statement for each financial year is also submitted to comply with Environment (Protection) Act.

7.6.7 Documentation and Quality AssuranceAll the environmental and health related data are stored in systematic manner so that the specific records are easily available, whenever required. Haldia refinery is already certified with ISO-9001 Quality Management System. Under the same, a quality assurance plan has been developed which includes all reference methods for monitoring,



C7 - 23


relevant analytical technique, calibration of equipment, standardisation of reagents, collection and presentation of results, frequencies of monitoring etc. Data reporting and system audit plan have also been included.

7.6.8 Environmental Awareness CampaignsIn addition to training of employees in various aspects of pollution control activities of the refinery, programmes like celebration of World Environment Day, Van Mahatsav, screening of films on environment, tree plantation, Oil Conservation Fortnight etc. are regularly carried out in order to create greater awareness towards environment protection amongst employees and the people in the neighbouring areas.

7.6.9 Information Dissemination and Public RelationsIt is needed that people would be provided with environmental data related to the plant so that wrong apprehensions can be removed. This requires a well-planned public relation and information dissemination process so that unnecessary public intervention is avoided.

This can be done encouraging and organising different environmental programmes with participation from local bodies and local community. The refinery management is entrusted with all these responsibilities and through various forums such as meeting with Lions Club, participating in Haldia Utsav, Rajya Paribesh Mela and celebration of Oil Conservation Fortnight for pollution prevention every year, the information is shared with the neighbourhood people and interested parties.

7.6.10 Operation and Maintenance PhaseThe problems envisaged during the operation and maintenance phase are accident, exposure to heat, noise, arc lights, chemicals etc. Suitable personnel protective equipments should be provided to all employees, likely to be exposed to these situations. The working personnel should be given the personnel protective equipment as brought out in Table 7.1.



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Table-7.1 Personnel Protective Equipment

Protection for

Equipment Protection Against

Head Fire Helmet Fall of objects / hitting against objects during construction, maintenance etc.

Electrical resistance helmet

Electrical shock

Welder’s leather cap Splashing of liquid etc.Eye Panorama goggles with

clear plastic visionOil and paint splashes, dust and chips.

Leather mask goggles Foreign bodies entering the eyes and smoke

Spectacle type goggles with plain shatter proof lens

Foreign bodies entering the eyes and reflected arc rays.

Spectacle-type goggles, with blue lens

High temperature flame during furnace work.

Panorama goggles with green plastic visor

Reflected art rays during arc welding job.

Ear Ear plugs or muffs High noise level.Nose Dust respirators Fine dust particles.

Light fume mask Acid fumes, vapours and gases (2.0%).Heavy fume mask Toxic gases (0.1%).Canister gas mask Acid fumes, vapours and gases (2.0%).

Face Plastic face shield Liquid chemicals, dust particles.Welding helmet and shield

Welding fumes, sparks and UV rays.

Asbestos hood Heat radiation during furnace work.Body Leather apron Falling of hot chips, slags, etc.

Asbestos apron Heat radiation.PVC apron Splashing of chemicals.Safety belt Falling of persons from height.

Hand Leather gloves Cuts due to handling.Asbestos gloves Heat radiation.Acid & Alkali proof rubber gloves

Burns due to chemical handling.

Electrical resistance gloves

Electric shock.

Canvas gloves Contact with oil, grease, etc.Leg Leg guards Welding sparks.



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Protection for

Equipment Protection Against

Leather safety boots Striking by objects, fall of objects and stepping on sharp or hot objects.

Asbestos safety boots Heat radiation, stepping on hot or sharp objects, striking by stationary or moving objects.

Gum boots Liquid splashing, in submerged area and chemically hazardous area.

7.6.11 Traffic management inside Refinery premises

Limited no of vehicle movement inside Refinery premises by giving entry permissions up to chief managers only. About 30 vehicles per day entry.

For movement of employees shuttle bus (02nos) is plying inside Refinery.

Guest’s vehicles are permitted only after getting permission from authorized person.

All vehicles are fully checked by CISF at BA gate.

For loading of POL tank Trucks about 30 nos at a time in OM&S area.

The entry regulated by OM&S and CISF

Speed limit inside Refinery: 25 Km/Hr Display of speed limits at various strategic locations.

Providing bumpers in front of control rooms

It is mandatory for the vehicles to have flame arresters while entering Refinery premises.

Regulation of traffic through CISF at the Main Gate is carried out.

7.7 ADDITIONAL MITIGATORY MEASURES7.7.1 During Construction Phase

The impacts of the construction phase on the environment would be basically of transient nature and are expected to wear out gradually on completion of the construction programme. However, once the construction is completed, the operation phase impact would overlap the impacts due to the construction activities. In this present case, however, the construction phase impacts would be minimum at the plant site as the site is already acquired.



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The impacts in different aspects of environment due to the construction programmes have been elucidated earlier. In order to mitigate such impacts and restrict them within tolerable levels, the following measures would be adopted:

1) Proper and prior planning of approach and access roads, and appropriate sequencing and scheduling of all major construction activities.

2) Identification of infrastructural supports needed for the construction programme and ensuring their timely availability.

3) Designation/demarcation of sites for construction camps and ensuring due provision of necessary infrastructural services as water supply, sewerage and drainage facilities and electrification.

4) Regular sprinkling of water around vulnerable areas of the construction sites to control fugitive dust.

7.7.2 During Operation PhaseThe following mitigatory measure would be adopted by the project proponent in order to mitigate and control the environmental impacts that may arise due to operation of the project.

The drainage from the site would be led to the existing ETP to trap any oil and grease before the effluent is led out of the premises and contain this parameter within the stipulated level for discharge.

7.8 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONThe refinery is provided with full fledge ETPs designed to meet MINAS stipulations to comply with the standards under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 successfully. A part of the treated effluent is reused and the rest is disposed into the river Hooghly through closed pipeline.

Oily sludge from the refinery operation is subjected to melting pit treatment for recovery of oil. The recovered oil is recycled to the refinery system. The residual sludge after melting pit treatment, is stored in HDPE lined pits within the refinery premises.

To reduce SO2 emission certain measures have been adopted that include installation of sulphur recovery units, import of low sulphur crude oil, and firing of low sulphur internal fuel oil, Naphtha, low ‘S’ HSD and sweet fuel gas in the process heaters and boilers.



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Tree plantation inside the refinery premises and in township is a regular activity, and so far, around 38,709 trees have been planted in the refinery and township.

Occupational health and safety is given utmost importance in the refinery. This includes routine medical check up, work zone monitoring and training of employees.

A dedicated pollution control cell co-ordinate all the activities related to environment management in the refinery. Similarly, there is a full-fledged pollution control laboratory.

Environmental monitoring in respect of meteorology, ambient air quality, stack emissions, ground water quality, liquid effluents and noise are conducted regularly.

The refinery is meeting all statutory requirements. Other aspects including full fledged fire fighting system, regular safety audits, legal and statutory compliance, documentation and quality assurance, environmental awareness campaigns etc. are the integral part of the environmental management plan of the refinery.

It is understood that the plant management will adopt such necessary and appropriate pollution control and mitigatory measures, environmental monitoring and management system and safety assurance measures throughout the life cycle of the plant. Given that commitment, none of the areas is deemed to be critical from the environmental management view point.

PLANTATION INSIDE REFINERY AREA

Annexure-I

PLANTATION INSIDE REFINERY AREA

PLANTATION OUTSIDE REFINERY AREA

Annexure-I

PLANTATION OUTSIDE REFINERY AREA



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Environmental Cost of the Project Envirotech East Pvt. Ltd.

CHAPTER-8.0ENVIRONMENTAL COST OF THE PROJECT

8.0 ENVIRONMENTAL COST

8.1 Environmental Cost Component The total project cost for the proposed capacity expansion from 7.5 MTPA to 8.0 MTPA along with Distillate Yield Improvement Project (DYIP) and Installation of Feed Preparation Unit (FPU) for Catalytic Dewaxing Unit (CDWU) of Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. at Haldia refinery, District: Purba Medinipur in West Bengal has been estimated to be Rs. 3217 Crores. The capital cost of environmental mitigation measures is estimated to be Rs. 61.55 Crores, which includes:

Item Cost(in Crore)

Cost of Air Pollution Control Systems 10.05Cost of Water conservation & Pollution Control 35.0Green belt development 4.0Environmental Monitoring & Lab Development 2.0Noise Reduction Systems 1.5Occupational Health Management 2.5Risk Mitigation & Safety Plan 6.0Environmental Management Department 0.5

GRAND TOTAL 61.55

The estimated annual cost of environmental mitigation measures for the proposed project has been estimated to be Rs. 7.1 Crore. The annual estimated environmental mitigation costs include:

Item Cost(in Crore)

Air Pollution Control Systems 1.3Water conservation & Pollution Control 3.9Green belt development 0.5Environmental Monitoring & Lab Development 0.3Noise Reduction Systems 0.2Occupational Health Management 0.25Risk Mitigation & Safety Plan 0.6Environmental Management Department 0.05

GRAND TOTAL 7.1



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Disclosure of Consultants Engaged Envirotech East Pvt. Ltd.

CHAPTER-9.0 DISCLOSURE OF

CONSULTANTS ENGAGED

Brief Profile of M/S. Envirotech East Pvt. Ltd.M/s. Envirotech East Pvt. Ltd., Kolkata has acquired the status of one of the

Prime organizations of the country in undertaking various assignments in the

areas like Environmental Impact Assessment, Environment Management Plan,

Risk Analysis, Detailed Project Report, Environmental Audit / Statement, Geo-

Technical Statement etc., since it was formed in 1988 by Prof. G. D. Agarwal,

former Dean, IIT Kanpur and Member Secretary, Central Pollution Control

Board.

The company owes in its name a list of eminent & well-qualified experts to

execute various assignments with the desired degree of perfection. The

manpower, engaged for EIA study for Proposed Capacity Expansion from 7.5

MTPA to 8.0 MTPA along with Distillate Yield Improvement Project (DYIP) and

Installation of Feed Preparation Unit (FPU) for Catalytic Dewaxing Unit (CDWU)

of Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. at Haldia refinery, District: Purba Medinipur in West Bengal is given in Table-9.1. The company has been endeavoring for

continual improvement in its system and it has received accredition viz. ISO

9001:2000, ISO 14001:2004, OHSAS 18001:2007 and NABET (QCI)

certifications.

The company has a well – equipped laboratory, which is recognized by Ministry

of Environment & Forests, Govt. of India and West Bengal Pollution Control

Board.



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TABLE - 9.1MANPOWER ENGAGED FOR EIA STUDY

Discipline Name of Expert Key Qualifications indicating area of

specializationrelevant to the

respective discipline

Signature

EIA Coordinator:

Mr. T. Kundu Bachelor of Technology (Chemical Engineering)

Functional Area Experts involved:Air Pollution Mr. T. Kundu Bachelor of Technology

(Chemical Engineering)

Meteorology Mr. T. Kundu Bachelor of Technology (Chemical Engineering)

Water Pollution Control

Mr. Asoke Kumar Banerjee

M.Sc. (Chem.)

Geology Dr. Abhijit Chakraborty

Ph.D in Geology

Hydrology

Ecology & Bio-diversity

Dr. (Mrs.) Anupam Sinha

Ph.D in Biology Sc.

Noise & Vibration

Mr. R.K. Dasgupta

Bachelor of Engineering (Mechanical)

Land Use Dr. Sunando Bandyopadhyay

Ph. D in Geography

Solid & Hazardous Waste

Mr. Asoke Kumar Banerjee

M.Sc. (Chem.)



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Soil Conservation

Dr. M. Dasgupta Adak

Ph. D in Chemistry

Risk & Hazard Mr. T. Kundu Bachelor of Technology (Chemical Engineering)

Socio-economics Prof. Pabitra Sengupta

M.Sc. (Economics)

A I - 1

A I - 2

A I - 3

A I - 4

PAGE-1

ANNEXURE - III

Directions given in ‘Consent to Operate’ of Haldia Refinery dated 20-05-2015 issued by West Bengal Pollution Control Board.Sl.

No. DirectionRemarks/Reply

01 This consent will be revoked if there is any violation of the E.P. Act, 1986.

Agreed

02 The consent will be revoked on the valid ground of any public complaint lodged against the unit regarding air, water, noise pollution and any subsequent environmental hazards created from it.

Agreed

03 This consent may be revoked immediately if at any time it is found that the industry is not running in compliance with concerned environmental norms or if the pollution control equipment are found to be inoperative. The unit must immediately discontinue its operation & inform the Board in case of any breakdown of its or malfunctioning pollution control system.

Agreed

04 The industry shall not undertake any expansion, modification or alternation in the existing process or equipment without the prior permission of the State Pollution Control Board including any increase in production quantum. It must subsequently strictly comply with all its NOC directions.

Agreed

05 This consent is being issued subject to the condition that the unit will have to strictly comply with any further direction issued by the State Board.

Agreed

06 The unit must take all required steps to maintain quality of its final emission & effluent w.r.t. concerned environmental norms. No process effluent of the unit should be discharged beyond its premises without proper treatment. All domestic effluents should be discharged through septic tank. Emissions from its boiler & all other industrial sources must be discharged through proper stacks of required (min. 15 m above GL) heights provided with sampling arrangements & air pollution control system to maintain all the concerned standards for such emissions. All generated solid wastes & hazardous items must be handled stored & disposes in compliance with environmental norms.

Agreed

07 The unit must install & operate only Green DG Sets in compliance with all standing environmental norms.

Agreed

08 The industry shall ensure that fugitive emissions from different processes are properly controlled so as to maintain a clean and safe environment in and around the factory premises.

Agreed

09 All the joints, ducts, valves, storing vessels etc. Must be maintain in good and safe condition so that no leakage takes place from them.

Agreed

A III - 1

PAGE-2

10 The industry shall maintain good housekeeping & take all necessary precautions to control any disturbing noise vibration, heat, dust dissipation, obnoxious odour & solid waste so, that it does not affect the surrounding area.

Agreed

11 The industry shall maintain a clean and safe environment in an around the factory premises.

Agreed

12 It must take all required steps to avoid any fire hazard. Agreed13 Authorization for disposal of hazardous wastes should be

obtained from WBPCB as per Hazardous Wastes (M & H) rules ’89 as applicable. The unit is directed to contact the concerned waste management cell, WBPCB at Paribesh Bhaban, Kolkata for further direction regarding the matter.

Agreed

14 All control equipment like scrubber, cyclone dust collectors, common vent header etc. Installed for various plant & equipment must be checked in each shift to prevent any leakage, danger etc.

Agreed

15 The industry shall maintain adequate greenery in and around the premises.

Agreed

16 Unit must strictly follow all the directions forwarded to it so far from the legal cell, WBPCB / including those forwarded vide Memo No. __________________ dated _____________ / related to public complains against it, without any failure. Otherwise the consent granted may be revoked followed by further strict legal actions particularly in case of any valid public complain.

Agreed

17 The unit further must correct & complete the submitted application form & documents for the current C.F.O From the WBPCB within 01 month without any failure. The unit is directed to approach the concerned Regional Office of WBPCB for further details regarding the matter.

Agreed

18 The unit must apply for the subsequent renewal of consent to operate after the granted CFO is expired.

Agreed

A III - 2

PAGE-3

Sl. No. Direction

Status

01 The quality of sewage and trade effluent to be discharged from your factory shall satisfy the permissible limits as prescribed in IS:2490 (Pt.I) of 1974, and/or its subsequent amendment and Environment (Protection Rules 1986.

Will be taken care during project execution

02 Suitable measures to treat your effluent shall be adopted by you in order to reduce the pollutional load so that the quality of the effluent satisfies the standards mentioned above.


03 You shall have to apply to this Board for its consent to operate and discharge of sewage and trade effluent according to the provisions of the water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. No sewage or grade effluent shall discharged by you without prior consent of this Board.


04 All emission from your factory shall conform to the standards as laid down by the Board.


05 No. emission shall be permitted without prior approval of this Board and you shall apply to this Board for its consent to operate and atmospheric emission as per provision of the Air (Prevention & Control Pollution) act,1981.


06 No industrial plant, furnace, flues, chimneys, control equipment, etc. Shall be constructed/ reconstructed/erected/re-erected without prior approval of this Board.

Agreed

07 You shall comply with :(i) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977, if applicable .

Agreed

(ii) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1978, if applicable .

Agreed

(iii) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 Agreed(iv) Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986 Agreed(v) hazardous Wastes (Management and Handling) rules, 1989 and Amended Rules, 2000

Agreed

(vi) Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989 and Amended Rules, 2000

Agreed

(vii) Manufacture, Use, Import and Storage and Hazardous Micro-organisms, Genetically Engineered Organisms of Cell Rules, 1989.

Agreed

(viii) The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991 and Amended Act, 1992

Agreed

(ix) The Public Liability Insurance Rules, 1991 and Amended Rules 1993

Agreed

(x) Biomedical Wastes (Management & Handling) Rules, 1998 Agreed

A III - 3

PAGE-4

and Amended Rules 2000 if applicable.(xi) Recycled Plastic Manufacture and Usage Rules 1999, if applicable and

Agreed

(xii) Ozone Depleting Substances (Regulation & Control ) Rules, 2000 if applicable

Agreed

8 You will have to abide by any other stipulations as may be prescribed by any authority / local bodies / Government Departments etc.

Agreed

Conditions given in ‘NOC’ by WBPCB for DCU-project.Sl.

No. Direction Status

A Sources of Emission :-1 From Process :

DCU (5.6 MMKCal/Hr) – One no. Fuel – FG/FO.to be provided with 02 Nos. stacks of height 60m from G.L. (each).

2 Heaters :i) Atm. Dist. (3.33 MMKCal/Hr) – One no. Fuel – FG/FO. to be provided with 01 no. stack of height 60m from G.L.

ii) Hydro treater (8.6 MMKCal/HR) – One no. Fuel – FG/FO. to be provided with 01 No. stack of height 60 m from G.L.

iii) MHC Reactor (2.05 MMKCal/Hr) – One no. Fuel – FG/FO. To be provided with 01 no. stack of height 60 m from G.L.

3 Other :SRU (80.0 MT/day) - One No. Fuel – Incineration of H2S.to be provided with 01 No. stack of height 63 m from G.L.Stacks should have sampling port, platform and ladder as per the Emission Regulation Part-III of CPCB.


Adequate measures should be adopted to control fugitive emission. Water Sprinklers should be installed at all dust prone areas.


The company shall strictly follow all the recommendation mentioned in the charter on Corporate Responsibility for Environment Protection (CREP).

Agreed

The process emissions (SO2, NOx, HC, VOCs and Benzene) from various units should be controlled with adequate leak proof mechanism and shall conform to the standard prescribed by the State Board.


The Auto detection Sensor of HC and H2S should be installed in strategic locations with fire alarm. Leak detection and Repair

Agreed

A III - 4

PAGE-5

programme shall be implemented to control HC/VOC emissions. Work zone monitoring shall be carried out near the storage tanks besides monitoring of HCs / VOCs in the work zone.The storage tank operations should be performed with adequate nitrogen blanketing, appropriate roofs, offsite, pumps, offsite flare stack system, fire fighting system etc. to avoid any kind of environmental hazardous. Emission in this area namely SO2, NOx, HC, VOCs and Benzene should not exceed approved standard prescribed from time to time.

Agreed

Two more Ambient Air Quality Monitoring stations [for monitoring of SPM, SO2, NOx, H2S, mercaptan, NMHC and Benzene] shall be set up at suitable locations in the Refinery complex based on occurrence of maximum ground level concentration and down-wind direction of wind in consultation with the Board’s officials.

Agreed

The company shall use low sulphur fuel to minimize SO2

emission.Agreed

Sulphur recovery units shall have efficiency of 99.5%. Under no circumstances the SO2 emission should exceed the existing approved capping capacity.

Agreed

100% Radiographic welding is to be ensured. AgreedThe new flare area shall have H2S and HC detectors with fire alarm system at fire station / control room. Flare gas recovery system should be installed. All new process units shall have knockout drum in every battery area. The safety release system of light hydrocarbons which are open to atmosphere shall be connected to flare system.

Agreed

The Company shall take necessary measure to prevent fire hazards, containing oil spill and soil remediation as needed. At place of ground flaring, the overhead flaring stack with knockout drums shall be installed to minimize gaseous emissions during flaring.

Agreed

The Industry shall comply with new standards / norms for Oil Refinery Industry notified under the Environmental (Protection) Rules, 1986 vide G.S.R. 186(E) dated 18-03-2008.

Agreed

B Effluent :1 Process & Domestic – The waste water shall be treated in the

waste water treatment plant and the treated effluent shall meet the prescribed standards. Efforts shall be made to recycle the treated effluent as far as possible to achieve zero discharge.

Agreed

C Solid Waste :-1 No solid waste should be dumped indiscriminately outside the

factory premises.Agreed

2 After oil recovery from the raw oily sludge of tank and ETP, the balance residual sludge should be kept in HDPE lined residual

Agreed

A III - 5

PAGE-6

sludge pits for disposal through incineration / bio-remediation inside the Refinery premises. Bio sludge after drying will be used as manure.

3 Adequate water sprinkling arrangement should be done to minimize the fugitive emission from the fly ash storage / handling area.

Agreed

D General :1 Noise Control – Ambient noise level & D.G. Set noise level not to

exceed the permissible limit. Agreed

2 The standards / guidelines for control of noise from stationary Diesel generator sets prescribed under notification of Ministry of Environment & Forest, Govt. Of India G.S.R.371(E), [17/5/2002] and its amendments should be followed.

Agreed

3 No additional machineries / equipments can be installed without prior permission from this Board. No change in raw materials, products and production capacity should be made without prior permission from this Board.

Agreed

4 The unit should not start operation of the project without obtaining Consent-to-Operate’ from this Board after complete installation of pollution control devices.

Agreed

5 The unit should submit copy of service contract for operation and maintenance of pollution control devices.

Agreed

6 The unit should not start production without installation of dedicated energy meter for emission control equipments.

Agreed

7 Prior concurrence from HDA (JUSCO) and ground water authority shall be obtained before availing the water for the proposed expansion project. Abstraction of ground water is not permitted without prior permission from the competent authority.

Agreed

8 The industry must provide Dry Fog Dust Suppression System’ for controlling fugitive emission.

Agreed

9 Water sprinkler t different location of the industry to be provided.

Agreed

10 At least two mobile tankers must be provided by the industry for ensuring continuous water spraying in the around the factory premises. Contract agreement or documentary proof to be submitted to WBPCB for the same.

Agreed

11 On-line stack monitoring facilities should be provided as per the conditions imposed in EC.

Agreed

12 The unit shall strictly comply with all the recommendations mentioned in the charter on Corporate Responsibility for Environmental Protection (CREP).

Agreed

13 All internal roads should be paved / concrete. Agreed14 Good house keeping shall be maintained. Agreed15 Tree plantation to be carried out as per the conditions of the

Environmental Clearance. Green belt to be development over Agreed

A III - 6

PAGE-7

at least 33% of the project area. 16 Water bodies must be developed for storage of harvested

rainwater. Recharging of Groundwater is not permitted. Agreed

17 The unit should obtain permission from appropriate authority to ensure power supply.

Agreed

18 The proponent should strictly abide by the conditions stipulated in the Environmental Clearance accorded by the MoEF, Govt. Of India vide f. No. J-11011/904/2007 dated 17-03-2009.

Agreed

19 This NOC is valid upto 30-11-2015 for the proposed expansion of the following:-

Sl. No.

Products Production capacity

1 PET COKE 33 TMT / month2 COKER NAPHTHA 12 TMT / month3 COKER GASOIL 83 TMT / month4 COKER LPG 5.2 TMT / month

A III - 7

PAGE-8

A III - 8

STACK EMISSION MONITORING RESULT

Sl. Source Name Date of No. Stack Attached to monitoring PM SO2 NOx H2S CO HC

1 CRU 12.01.12 69 439 88 <0.001 8 132 CDU (Old) 12.01.12 79 633 132 <0.001 11.2 15.93 CDU Old Trim Heater 12.01.12 56 459 62 <0.001 6.3 8.94 KHDS. 12.01.12 63 512 103 <0.001 6 8.85 FCCU (Heater) 24.01.12 41 112 87 <0.001 15.6 14.56 FCCU (Regenarator) 24.01.12 93 987 164 <0.001 15.4 13.27 MSQU 24.01.12 39 53 130 <0.001 1.3 1.38 DHDS 23.01.12 42 318 148 <0.001 8.4 12.69 OHCU 21.01.12 50 382 124 <0.001 10.9 12.510 OHCU (H2#2) 21.01.12 38 127 <4 <0.001 4.6 5.511 PDA 20.01.12 48 959 123 <0.001 8.3 14.112 VBU (South) 13.01.12 70 397 119 <0.001 11.5 11.613 VBU (North) 13.01.12 54 589 174 <0.001 11.9 11.514 VDU (Old) 20.01.12 73 455 144 <0.001 7.8 9.415 VDU (Old) Trim Heater 20.01.12 51 279 69 <0.001 5.2 5.816 CIDW 20.01.12 47 496 116 <0.001 10.4 13.217 TPS (Boiler-IV ) 23.01.12 87 923 246 <0.001 13.8 12.918 TPS (Boiler-IV ) 31.01.12 83 915 260 <0.001 14.6 13.719 GAS TURBINE(GT#1) 25.01.12 30 90 68 <0.001 12.8 4.120 GAS TURBINE(GT#1) 31.01.12 35 104 72 <0.001 11.9 3.821 GAS TURBINE(GT#2) 25.01.12 37 68 44 <0.001 3 2.922 GAS TURBINE(GT#2) 31.01.12 34 75 58 <0.001 3.2 323 GAS TURBINE(GT#3) 25.01.12 34 84 62 <0.001 3.5 4.424 VDU (New) 24.01.12 70 763 98 <0.001 10.6 11.225 OHCU # SRU 21.01.12 86 4077 160 <0.001 8.2 7.626 FEU (South) 13.01.12 58 823 114 <0.001 6.9 7.527 FEU (South) 30.01.12 59 801 133 <0.001 6.2 6.728 FEU (North) 13.01.12 65 691 136 <0.001 8.1 8.229 FEU (North) 30.01.12 62 700 151 <0.001 8.4 8.530 FEU (Middle) 13.01.12 60 812 80 <0.001 10.2 10.531 FEU (Middle) 30.01.12 55 816 83 <0.001 10.6 10.932 HFU 25.01.12 55 178 114 <0.001 7.2 7.833 SRU # 11 21.01.12 79 3849 120 <0.001 12.7 12.3

Pollutants' Concentration (mg/Nm3)

FOR JANUARY, 2012.TABLE-2

A IV - 1



1 CRU 09.02.2012 61 347 81 <0.001 8.2 13.42 CDU (Old) 10.02.2012 73 648 145 <0.001 11.3 16.13 CDU Old Trim Heater 10.02.2012 51 422 71 <0.001 6 8.54 CDU (New) 09.02.2012 78 852 171 <0.001 12.7 165 CDU New Trim Heater 09.02.2012 59 572 138 <0.001 8.7 11.76 KHDS. 09.02.2012 67 521 108 <0.001 5.8 8.57 FCCU (Heater) 25.02.2012 46 122 71 <0.001 15.9 14.88 FCCU (Regenarator) 25.02.2012 89 902 171 <0.001 14 129 MSQU 25.02.2012 52 49 111 <0.001 1.3 1.310 DHDS 25.02.2012 48 327 126 <0.001 8.5 12.711 OHCU 10.02.2012 57 375 106 <0.001 11.7 13.412 OHCU (H2#2) 10.02.2012 34 122 <4 <0.001 4.8 5.713 PDA 24.02.2012 65 877 136 <0.001 8.4 14.214 VBU (South) 23.02.2012 76 421 128 <0.001 11.5 11.615 VBU (North) 23.02.2012 67 602 163 <0.001 11.2 10.816 VDU (Old) 23.02.2012 65 414 129 <0.001 7.7 9.317 VDU (Old) Trim Heater 23.02.2012 44 318 61 <0.001 5.2 5.618 CIDW 24.02.2012 55 462 123 <0.001 10.1 12.719 TPS (Boiler-III) 29.02.2012 82 840 241 <0.001 13.3 10.920 GAS TURBINE(GT#1) 27.02.2012 34 105 59 <0.001 11.9 3.821 GAS TURBINE(GT#2) 27.02.2012 42 74 47 <0.001 2.8 2.722 GAS TURBINE(GT#3) 27.02.2012 37 78 55 <0.001 3.8 4.823 VDU (New) 25.02.2012 63 787 142 <0.001 11 11.624 OHCU # SRU 29.02.2012 71 4196 189 <0.001 8.3 7.725 FEU (South) 22.02.2012 63 795 141 <0.001 6.8 7.426 FEU (North) 22.02.2012 71 669 130 <0.001 8.3 8.427 FEU (Middle) 22.02.2012 66 782 154 <0.001 9.9 10.228 HFU 24.02.2012 72 233 101 <0.001 7.6 8.229 SRU # 11 29.02.2012 86 3722 152 <0.001 11.6 11.2


FOR FEBRUARY, 2012.TABLE-2

A IV - 2



1 CRU 16.03.12 68 334 71 <0.001 8.6 14.12 CDU (Old) 16.03.12 78 640 138 <0.001 10.4 14.83 CDU Old Trim Heater 16.03.12 56 417 79 <0.001 6.1 8.74 CDU (New) 26.03.12 82 862 181 <0.001 12.7 165 CDU New Trim Heater 26.03.12 64 579 130 <0.001 8.4 11.36 KHDS. 16.03.12 65 513 114 <0.001 5.4 7.97 FCCU (Heater) 20.03.12 49 110 61 <0.001 16.4 15.28 FCCU (Regenarator) 20.03.12 84 916 165 <0.001 15 12.89 MSQU 20.03.12 56 62 103 <0.001 1.3 1.310 DHDS 28.03.12 54 346 136 <0.001 9.2 13.711 OHCU 27.03.12 54 387 112 <0.001 11.7 13.412 OHCU (H2#2) 27.03.12 37 110 <4 <0.001 4.9 5.913 PDA 27.03.12 60 889 145 <0.001 8.7 14.814 VBU (South) 15.03.12 70 429 139 <0.001 10.7 10.815 VBU (North) 15.03.12 63 614 170 <0.001 10.5 10.216 VDU (Old) 15.03.12 68 426 143 <0.001 7.7 9.317 VDU (Old) Trim Heater 15.03.12 49 337 69 <0.001 4.7 5.118 CIDW 27.03.12 62 470 129 <0.001 9.6 12.119 TPS (Boiler-III) 28.03.12 79 852 250 <0.001 13 10.720 TPS (Boiler-IV) 28.03.12 80 927 272 <0.001 13.9 1321 GAS TURBINE(GT#1) 21.03.12 38 120 65 <0.001 10.8 3.522 GAS TURBINE(GT#2) 21.03.12 47 65 60 <0.001 2.9 2.823 GAS TURBINE(GT#3) 21.03.12 40 66 65 <0.001 3.5 4.424 VDU (New) 20.03.12 67 762 136 <0.001 10.5 1125 OHCU # SRU 21.03.12 67 4176 180 <0.001 8.8 8.226 FEU (South) 14.03.12 68 780 135 <0.001 7.1 7.827 FEU (North) 14.03.12 74 655 137 <0.001 8.8 8.928 FEU (Middle) 14.03.12 72 798 148 <0.001 9.8 10.129 HFU 14.03.12 67 247 91 <0.001 7.2 7.830 SRU # 11 21.03.12 89 3734 161 <0.001 10.6 10.2


FOR MARCH, 2012.TABLE-2

A IV - 3



1 CRU 26.04.2012 57 338 67 <0.001 8.4 13.82 CDU (Old) 13.04.2012 104 888 180 <0.001 10.2 14.53 CDU (Old) 25.04.2012 97 835 168 <0.001 10.7 15.24 CDU Old Trim Heater 13.04.2012 77 562 94 <0.001 5.7 8.25 CDU Old Trim Heater 25.04.2012 72 539 87 <0.001 5.5 7.96 CDU (New) 13.04.2012 93 1072 208 <0.001 13.6 17.17 CDU (New) 24.04.2012 86 1036 185 <0.001 14.1 17.88 CDU New Trim Heater 13.04.2012 68 824 163 <0.001 8.6 11.59 CDU New Trim Heater 24.04.2012 62 768 149 <0.001 8.6 11.510 KHDS. 26.04.2012 73 515 92 <0.001 5.8 8.511 FCCU (Heater) 17.04.2012 54 178 134 <0.001 17.2 1612 FCCU (Regenarator) 17.04.2012 112 944 167 <0.001 14.7 12.513 MSQU 17.04.2012 54 137 94 <0.001 1.3 1.314 DHDS 28.04.2012 54 335 158 <0.001 9.2 13.715 OHCU 26.04.2012 51 383 132 <0.001 11 12.616 OHCU (H2#2) 26.04.2012 39 139 <4 <0.001 4.7 5.717 PDA 27.04.2012 61 862 148 <0.001 8.9 15.118 VBU (South) 21.04.2012 64 453 137 <0.001 10.1 10.219 VBU (South) 25.04.2012 71 472 145 <0.001 11.3 11.420 VBU (North) 21.04.2012 69 582 152 <0.001 11.1 10.821 VBU (North) 25.04.2012 67 578 147 <0.001 11.3 1122 VDU (Old) 21.04.2012 68 439 121 <0.001 8 9.723 VDU (Old) 25.04.2012 62 448 135 <0.001 7.2 8.724 VDU (Old) Trim Heater 21.04.2012 47 335 89 <0.001 5 5.425 CIDW 27.04.2012 63 481 137 <0.001 8.7 1126 TPS (Boiler-III) 23.04.2012 59 852 196 <0.001 12.9 10.627 TPS (Boiler-IV) 19.04.2012 103 947 207 <0.001 14.2 13.328 TPS (Boiler-IV) 23.04.2012 72 933 226 <0.001 13.1 12.229 GAS TURBINE(GT#1) 16.04.2012 69 138 63 <0.001 9.8 3.230 GAS TURBINE(GT#2) 16.04.2012 134 206 105 <0.001 2.8 2.731 GAS TURBINE(GT#2) 23.04.2012 112 172 92 <0.001 2.8 2.932 GAS TURBINE(GT#3) 16.04.2012 117 196 124 <0.001 3.2 433 GAS TURBINE(GT#3) 23.04.2012 105 164 115 <0.001 3.4 4.334 VDU (New) 17.04.2012 69 708 113 <0.001 11 11.635 OHCU # SRU 27.04.2012 85 4254 172 <0.001 8.7 8.136 FEU (South) 20.04.2012 71 838 133 <0.001 7.1 7.837 FEU (South) 24.04.2012 59 794 121 <0.001 6.9 7.638 FEU (North) 20.04.2012 68 747 148 <0.001 8.8 8.939 FEU (North) 24.04.2012 64 728 143 <0.001 8.6 8.740 FEU (Middle) 20.04.2012 66 795 121 <0.001 10.5 10.841 FEU (Middle) 24.04.2012 73 765 132 <0.001 10.4 10.742 HFU 20.04.2012 54 245 141 <0.001 7.4 843 SRU # 11 19.04.2012 106 4298 165 <0.001 10.5 10.1


FOR APRIL, 2012.TABLE-2

A IV - 4



1 CRU 24.05.12 57 331 87 <0.001 7.8 12.82 CDU (Old) 02.05.12 67 629 141 <0.001 10.8 15.43 CDU (Old) 24.05.12 79 615 130 <0.001 10.8 15.44 CDU Old Trim Heater 24.05.12 52 427 64 <0.001 5.2 7.55 CDU (New) 24.05.12 85 840 162 <0.001 12.5 15.76 CDU New Trim Heater 24.05.12 51 558 143 <0.001 8.8 11.77 KHDS. 24.05.12 70 495 93 <0.001 5.6 8.28 FCCU (Heater) 23.05.12 39 112 77 <0.001 18.1 16.89 FCCU (Regenarator) 23.05.12 81 895 162 <0.001 14.4 12.310 MSQU 23.05.12 63 57 105 <0.001 1.4 1.411 DHDS 26.05.12 55 307 113 <0.001 8.7 1312 PDA 25.05.12 58 864 127 <0.001 8.1 13.713 VBU (South) 16.05.12 68 446 137 <0.001 9.8 9.914 VBU (North) 16.05.12 65 608 172 <0.001 11.7 11.315 VDU (Old) 03.05.12 59 425 135 <0.001 8.6 10.516 VDU (Old) 25.05.12 63 440 125 <0.001 7.1 8.617 VDU (Old) Trim Heater 25.05.12 42 327 67 <0.001 4.7 518 CIDW 25.05.12 52 451 129 <0.001 8.1 10.219 TPS (Boiler-IV) 03.05.12 79 894 233 <0.001 15.3 14.420 GAS TURBINE(GT#1) 17.05.12 37 92 51 <0.001 10.5 3.421 GAS TURBINE(GT#2) 17.05.12 45 81 42 <0.001 2.7 2.622 GAS TURBINE(GT#3) 17.05.12 31 73 53 <0.001 3.4 4.223 VDU (New) 23.05.12 68 792 137 <0.001 10.1 10.724 OHCU # SRU 03.05.12 83 4145 201 <0.001 8.3 7.725 OHCU # SRU 17.05.12 72 4264 191 <0.001 9.3 8.726 FEU (South) 16.05.12 71 783 157 <0.001 6.7 7.327 FEU (North) 16.05.12 63 651 137 <0.001 8 8.128 FEU (Middle) 16.05.12 69 773 148 <0.001 10.4 10.729 HFU 25.05.12 60 243 111 <0.001 7.3 7.830 SRU # 11 03.05.12 91 3721 163 <0.001 9.9 9.531 SRU # 11 17.05.12 87 3842 154 <0.001 10.8 10.4


FOR MAY, 2012.TABLE-2

A IV - 5



1 CRU 05.06.12 64 318 77 <0.001 8 13.12 CDU (Old) 19.06.12 72 621 134 <0.001 10.5 14.93 CDU Old Trim Heater 19.06.12 57 422 72 <0.001 5.6 8.14 CDU (New) 05.06.12 81 850 172 <0.001 12.6 15.95 CDU New Trim Heater 05.06.12 56 565 135 <0.001 8.9 11.86 KHDS. 05.06.12 68 487 99 <0.001 5.4 7.97 FCCU (Heater) 12.06.12 42 100 67 <0.001 17.2 168 FCCU (Regenarator) 12.06.12 76 909 156 <0.001 15.6 13.39 MSQU 12.06.12 67 70 97 <0.001 1.3 1.310 DHDS 19.06.12 61 326 123 <0.001 8.5 12.711 Hydrogen Gen.Unit (Stack -I) 29.06.12 33 129 <4 <0.001 5.7 4.912 Hydrogen Gen.Unit (Stack -II) 29.06.12 31 123 <4 <0.001 5.7 5.913 OHCU 07.06.12 58 399 138 <0.001 10.7 12.214 OHCU (H2#2) 07.06.12 36 153 <4 <0.001 4.3 5.215 PDA 06.06.12 53 876 136 <0.001 8.6 14.516 VBU (South) 04.06.12 62 454 148 <0.001 9.1 9.217 VBU (North) 04.06.12 61 620 179 <0.001 11.6 11.218 VDU (Old) 06.06.12 67 440 125 <0.001 6.5 7.819 VDU (Old) Trim Heater 06.06.12 47 346 75 <0.001 4.3 4.620 CIDW 06.06.12 59 459 135 <0.001 8.7 1121 TPS (Boiler-IV) 14.06.12 76 906 242 <0.001 13.9 13.122 GAS TURBINE(GT#1) 14.06.12 41 107 57 <0.001 10.1 3.323 GAS TURBINE(GT#3) 14.06.12 34 61 63 <0.001 3.5 4.324 VDU (New) 12.06.12 72 767 131 <0.001 9.3 9.825 OHCU # SRU 15.06.12 79 4125 192 <0.001 8.3 7.726 FEU (South) 04.06.12 76 768 151 <0.001 6.8 7.427 FEU (North) 04.06.12 66 637 144 <0.001 8.2 8.328 FEU (Middle) 04.06.12 75 789 142 <0.001 10.1 10.429 SRU # 11 15.06.12 94 3733 172 <0.001 9.8 9.4


FOR JUNE, 2012.TABLE-2

A IV - 6



1 CRU 17.07.12 57 305 67 <0.001 7.3 11.92 CDU (Old) 10.07.12 67 613 127 <0.001 10.3 14.63 CDU Old Trim Heater 10.07.12 62 417 80 <0.001 5.7 8.34 CDU (New) 10.07.12 77 860 182 <0.001 13.4 16.95 CDU (New) 24.07.12 69 836 157 <0.001 12.1 15.36 CDU New Trim Heater 10.07.12 53 553 127 <0.001 9 11.97 CDU New Trim Heater 24.07.12 50 547 143 <0.001 8.5 11.28 KHDS. 17.07.12 62 479 105 <0.001 5.7 8.39 FCCU (Heater) 13.07.12 45 88 57 <0.001 18.6 17.310 FCCU (Regenarator) 13.07.12 71 923 150 <0.001 15.4 13.211 MSQU 13.07.12 71 83 89 <0.001 1.4 1.412 OHCU 17.07.12 65 415 144 <0.001 11.1 12.713 OHCU (H2#2) 17.07.12 33 167 <4 <0.001 4.2 514 VBU (South) 18.07.12 56 462 159 <0.001 8.8 8.915 VBU (North) 18.07.12 57 632 186 <0.001 11.7 11.316 TPS (Boiler-III) 25.07.12 53 840 182 <0.001 13.8 11.317 TPS (Boiler-IV) 25.07.12 73 890 251 <0.001 14.7 13.918 GAS TURBINE(GT# 2) 25.07.12 45 73 38 <0.001 2.6 2.519 GAS TURBINE(GT#3) 25.07.12 34 49 55 <0.001 3.7 4.520 VDU (New) 25.07.12 72 742 117 <0.001 9.2 9.721 FEU (South) 18.07.12 76 753 145 <0.001 7.2 7.822 FEU (North) 18.07.12 66 623 151 <0.001 8.9 923 FEU (Middle) 18.07.12 75 805 136 <0.001 10.8 11.1


FOR JULY, 2012.TABLE-2

A IV - 7


Sl. Source Name Date of No. monitoring PM SO2 NOx H2S CO HC

1 CRU 14.02.13 38 43 48 <0.001 4.6 8.42 CDU (Old) 11.02.13 54 632 83 <0.001 9.7 143 CDU Old Trim Heater 11.02.13 72 445 110 <0.001 5.6 84 CDU (New) 11.02.13 80 1072 236 <0.001 10.7 13.45 CDU New Trim Heater 11.02.13 63 751 161 <0.001 8.2 10.96 KHDS. 14.02.13 41 36 42 <0.001 3.3 5.27 FCCU (Heater) 06.02.13 53 86 96 <0.001 17.1 15.88 FCCU (Regenarator) 06.02.13 78 835 147 <0.001 12.2 11.59 FCCU (Regenarator) 14.02.13 83 892 153 <0.001 12.8 11.910 MSQU 06.02.13 68 112 65 <0.001 1.3 1.111 DHDS 07.02.13 87 387 220 <0.001 7.6 11.412 OHCU 07.02.13 84 433 94 <0.001 8 9.213 OHCU (H2#1) 07.02.13 44 159 30 <0.001 5.1 5.514 OHCU (H2#2) 07.02.13 30 153 21 <0.001 3.3 3.615 PDA 08.02.13 43 978 204 <0.001 6.5 10.916 VBU (South) 05.02.13 34 490 191 <0.001 10.8 1117 VBU (North) 05.02.13 41 671 203 <0.001 10.1 9.718 VDU (Old) 05.02.13 59 457 114 <0.001 7.7 9.319 VDU (Old) Trim Heater 05.02.13 62 431 119 <0.001 5 5.220 CIDW 08.02.13 78 488 143 <0.001 7.1 8.721 TPS (Boiler-IV) 27.02.13 15 36 27 <0.001 14.6 13.822 GAS TURBINE(GT#1) 15.02.13 31 65 46 <0.001 15.1 4.923 GAS TURBINE(GT#2) 15.02.13 65 73 69 <0.001 3 2.924 GAS TURBINE(GT#3) 15.02.13 39 34 40 <0.001 3.4 4.425 VDU (New) 06.02.13 87 740 121 <0.001 8.6 926 SRU - III 27.02.13 95 4513 157 <0.001 7.9 9.227 OHCU # SRU 27.02.13 80 4349 124 <0.001 6.3 5.9


FOR FEBRUARY, 2013.TABLE-2

A IV - 8



1 CRU 13.03.13 34 48 45 <0.001 4.8 6.22 CDU (Old) 13.03.13 50 646 77 <0.001 9.1 13.23 CDU Old Trim Heater 13.03.13 67 426 120 <0.001 5.4 7.74 CDU (New) 13.03.13 88 1044 247 <0.001 10.6 13.35 CDU New Trim Heater 13.03.13 67 763 170 <0.001 8.3 116 KHDS. 22.03.13 36 42 38 <0.001 2.9 4.17 FCCU (Heater) 15.03.13 60 74 86 <0.001 18.3 16.98 FCCU (Regenarator) 15.03.13 80 868 157 <0.001 16.8 14.39 MSQU 15.03.13 72 138 67 <0.001 1.3 1.310 DHDS 15.03.13 78 406 230 <0.001 8 1211 OHCU 14.03.13 81 438 102 <0.001 7.5 8.612 OHCU (H2#1) 14.03.13 50 150 43 <0.001 5.1 5.513 OHCU (H2#2) 14.03.13 39 156 <4 <0.001 4.9 5.214 PDA 22.03.13 49 990 213 <0.001 6.6 11.115 VBU (South) 12.03.13 30 498 202 <0.001 11.3 11.616 VBU (North) 12.03.13 33 683 210 <0.001 10.9 10.517 VDU (Old) 12.03.13 68 472 120 <0.001 7.3 8.818 VDU (Old) Trim Heater 12.03.13 59 450 127 <0.001 5.4 5.619 CIDW 22.03.13 85 496 149 <0.001 7.7 9.420 TPS (Boiler-IV) 21.03.13 20 48 36 <0.001 7.9 6.521 GAS TURBINE(GT#1) 21.03.13 40 45 37 <0.001 10.3 5.122 GAS TURBINE(GT#2) 21.03.13 51 81 54 <0.001 2.8 2.723 GAS TURBINE(GT#3) 21.03.13 44 54 31 <0.001 3.3 4.224 VDU (New) 15.03.13 96 715 115 <0.001 8.9 9.425 SRU - III 14.03.13 82 4485 162 <0.001 7.7 8.926 OHCU # SRU 14.03.13 87 4329 115 <0.001 5.7 5.4



A IV - 9



1 CRU 23.04.13 35 42 38 <0.001 4.9 6.32 CDU (Old) 11.04.13 43 632 83 <0.001 9.4 13.63 CDU (Old) 16.04.13 59 592 67 <0.001 10 14.44 CDU Old Trim Heater 11.04.13 60 407 110 <0.001 5.8 8.25 CDU Old Trim Heater 16.04.13 69 397 106 <0.001 4.8 6.86 CDU (New) 11.04.13 62 1036 236 <0.001 10.3 12.97 CDU (New) 16.04.13 94 1076 234 <0.001 12.2 15.38 CDU New Trim Heater 11.04.13 56 751 161 <0.001 8.3 119 CDU New Trim Heater 16.04.13 77 741 127 <0.001 7.2 9.710 KHDS. 23.04.13 63 438 132 <0.001 5.2 7.911 FCCU (Heater) 27.04.13 29 97 96 <0.001 5.1 5.912 FCCU (Regenarator) 27.04.13 69 854 163 <0.001 17.3 14.713 MSQU 27.04.13 37 25 40 <0.001 1.4 1.414 DHDS 30.04.13 30 33 32 <0.001 2.4 2.215 OHCU 23.04.13 66 443 110 <0.001 7.5 8.616 OHCU (H2#1) 23.04.13 44 55 30 <0.001 2.1 2.517 OHCU (H2#2) 23.04.13 32 59 <4 <0.001 2.3 218 PDA 22.04.13 40 978 204 <0.001 7.1 11.919 VBU (South) 12.04.13 61 490 191 <0.001 11.9 12.220 VBU (South) 17.04.13 65 472 172 <0.001 10.2 10.821 VBU (North) 12.04.13 67 671 203 <0.001 10.5 10.122 VBU (North) 17.04.13 63 652 185 <0.001 10.2 1023 VDU (Old) 22.04.13 48 457 114 <0.001 7.3 8.224 VDU (Old) Trim Heater 22.04.13 39 431 119 <0.001 5.4 5.625 CIDW 22.04.13 27 38 33 <0.001 2.8 3.626 TPS (Boiler-IV) 18.04.13 70 936 127 <0.001 12.3 10.927 GAS TURBINE(GT#1) 18.04.13 29 65 46 <0.001 10.6 5.328 GAS TURBINE(GT#2) 18.04.13 44 73 48 <0.001 3 2.929 GAS TURBINE(GT#3) 18.04.13 33 74 40 <0.001 3.1 3.930 VDU (New) 27.04.13 60 740 121 <0.001 9.1 9.631 SRU - III 30.04.13 76 4495 157 <0.001 7.2 8.432 OHCU # SRU 30.04.13 77 4349 124 <0.001 5.9 5.633 FEU (South) 12.04.13 76 693 137 <0.001 5.1 5.534 FEU (South) 17.04.13 72 672 130 <0.001 4.8 5.135 FEU (North) 12.04.13 71 586 177 <0.001 6.8 6.936 FEU (North) 17.04.13 65 598 165 <0.001 7.6 7.737 FEU (Middle) 12.04.13 81 814 126 <0.001 8.7 8.838 FEU (Middle) 17.04.13 77 782 112 <0.001 8.1 8.5


FOR APRIL, 2013.TABLE-2

A IV - 10



1 CRU 09.05.2013 34 48 39 <0.001 5.1 6.62 CDU (Old) 07.05.2013 54 618 86 <0.001 9.7 143 CDU Old Trim Heater 07.05.2013 50 388 104 <0.001 5.5 7.74 CDU (New) 07.05.2013 51 1028 225 <0.001 9.9 12.45 CDU New Trim Heater 07.05.2013 48 739 152 <0.001 8.5 11.36 KHDS. 09.05.2013 58 446 126 <0.001 5 7.77 FCCU (Heater) 15.05.2013 22 109 106 <0.001 5.3 6.18 FCCU (Regenarator) 15.05.2013 60 840 169 <0.001 18.2 15.49 MSQU 15.05.2013 48 38 32 <0.001 1.4 1.410 DHDS 21.05.2013 37 52 42 <0.001 2.3 2.111 OHCU 09.05.2013 56 448 118 <0.001 7.9 912 OHCU (H2#1) 09.05.2013 36 46 43 <0.001 1.9 2.313 OHCU (H2#2) 09.05.2013 40 66 - <0.001 2.2 1.914 PDA 22.05.2013 29 966 195 <0.001 7.6 12.715 VBU (South) 08.05.2013 53 482 180 <0.001 12.3 12.616 VBU (North) 08.05.2013 75 659 196 <0.001 9.6 9.217 VDU (Old) 08.05.2013 34 414 92 <0.001 7.8 9.318 VDU (Old) Trim Heater 08.05.2013 45 412 111 <0.001 5 5.219 CIDW 22.05.2013 34 30 39 <0.001 2.6 3.420 TPS (Boiler-IV) 16.05.2013 61 924 118 <0.001 12.1 10.721 GAS TURBINE(GT#1) 16.05.2013 38 85 55 <0.001 10.9 5.522 GAS TURBINE(GT#2) 16.05.2013 36 65 42 <0.001 2.8 2.723 GAS TURBINE(GT#3) 16.05.2013 45 62 68 <0.001 3.4 4.324 VDU (New) 15.05.2013 55 765 127 <0.001 8.6 925 OHCU # SRU 21.05.2013 70 4369 133 <0.001 6.1 5.826 FEU (South) 22.05.2013 65 708 143 <0.001 5.2 5.627 FEU (North) 22.05.2013 65 600 170 <0.001 6.7 6.828 FEU (Middle) 22.05.2013 83 798 132 <0.001 8.1 8.2


FOR MAY, 2013.TABLE-2

A IV - 11



1 CRU 25.06.13 35 48 33 <0.001 4.6 5.92 CDU (Old) 19.06.13 54 646 77 <0.001 8.6 12.43 CDU Old Trim Heater 19.06.13 71 426 120 <0.001 6.2 8.84 CDU (New) 19.06.13 72 1044 247 <0.001 10.7 13.45 CDU New Trim Heater 19.06.13 64 763 170 <0.001 8.7 11.66 KHDS. 25.06.13 53 420 115 <0.001 4.8 8.17 FCCU (Heater) 24.06.13 37 85 86 <0.001 4.6 5.48 FCCU (Regenarator) 26.06.13 77 868 157 <0.001 17 14.49 MSQU 24.06.13 48 38 32 <0.001 1.4 1.410 OHCU 25.06.13 74 438 102 <0.001 7.2 8.311 OHCU (H2#1) 25.06.13 51 46 <4 <0.001 2.2 2.612 PDA 21.06.13 46 990 213 <0.001 7.2 12.113 VBU (South) 20.06.13 67 498 202 <0.001 11.8 12.114 VBU (North) 20.06.13 78 683 210 <0.001 9.6 9.215 VDU (Old) 20.06.13 69 512 162 <0.001 7.6 8.116 VDU (Old) Trim Heater 20.06.13 57 304 92 <0.001 5.1 5.417 CIDW 21.06.13 36 46 39 <0.001 2.9 3.818 TPS (Boiler-III) 28.06.13 86 902 125 <0.001 16.6 13.719 TPS (Boiler-IV) 28.06.13 77 948 136 <0.001 13 11.620 GAS TURBINE(GT#2) 26.06.13 51 81 54 <0.001 3.1 321 GAS TURBINE(GT#3) 26.06.13 42 54 31 <0.001 3.2 422 VDU (New) 24.06.13 65 715 115 <0.001 8.4 8.823 SRU - III 26.06.13 83 4485 162 <0.001 7.7 924 FEU (South) 21.06.13 65 678 131 <0.001 4.7 5.125 FEU (North) 21.06.13 66 572 144 <0.001 7.1 7.226 FEU (Middle) 21.06.13 61 630 120 <0.001 8.7 8.827 SRU - II 29.06.13 104 3723 177 <0.001 9.1 9.5


FOR JUNE, 2013.TABLE-2

A IV - 12



1 CDU (Old) 11.09.13 53 646 77 <0.001 9.8 14.22 CDU Old Trim Heater 11.09.13 69 426 120 <0.001 6 8.63 CDU (New) 11.09.13 72 1044 247 <0.001 10.1 12.74 CDU New Trim Heater 11.09.13 62 763 170 <0.001 9.2 12.35 KHDS. 28.09.13 57 420 115 <0.001 4.9 8.56 FCCU (Heater) 12.09.13 34 85 86 <0.001 4.2 4.97 FCCU (Regenarator) 12.09.13 79 868 157 <0.001 15.6 13.28 DHDS 28.09.13 37 52 42 <0.001 2.1 1.99 OHCU 25.09.13 77 438 102 <0.001 6.4 7.310 OHCU (H2#1) 25.09.13 49 46 <4 <0.001 2.3 2.611 OHCU (H2#2) 25.09.13 35 52 <4 <0.001 2.2 1.812 PDA 25.09.13 44 990 213 <0.001 7.5 12.513 VBU (South) 21.09.13 68 498 202 <0.001 11.4 11.714 VBU (North) 21.09.13 77 683 210 <0.001 8.7 8.315 VDU (Old) 21.09.13 65 512 162 <0.001 6.8 7.216 VDU (Old) Trim Heater 21.09.13 57 304 92 <0.001 5 5.317 CIDW 25.09.13 37 46 39 <0.001 2.9 3.718 VDU (New) 12.09.13 66 715 115 <0.001 8 8.419 SRU - II 28.09.13 100 3723 177 <0.001 8.7 9.1


FOR SEPTEMBER, 2013.TABLE-2

A IV - 13



1 CRU 28.11.13 30 98 57 <0.001 5.4 6.82 CDU (Old) 20.11.13 50 618 89 <0.001 8.4 12.13 CDU Old Trim Heater 20.11.13 62 388 100 <0.001 5.2 7.44 CDU (New) 20.11.13 93 1066 224 <0.001 13.2 16.65 CDU New Trim Heater 20.11.13 55 739 152 <0.001 9.5 12.76 KHDS. 28.11.13 64 446 126 <0.001 5.7 8.77 FCCU (Heater) 25.11.13 54 109 106 <0.001 3.6 4.38 FCCU (Regenarator) 25.11.13 73 940 169 <0.001 14.5 12.39 MSQU 25.11.13 46 35 48 <0.001 1.4 1.410 DHDS 29.11.13 59 90 62 <0.001 2.1 1.911 OHCU 29.11.13 69 448 118 <0.001 7 812 OHCU (H2#1) 29.11.13 41 64 <4 <0.001 2.4 2.713 PDA 27.11.13 35 966 195 <0.001 7.4 12.314 VBU (South) 21.11.13 66 482 180 <0.001 11.7 1215 VBU (North) 21.11.13 75 659 196 <0.001 8.2 7.816 VDU (Old) 21.11.13 56 482 150 <0.001 6.1 6.517 VDU (Old) Trim Heater 21.11.13 48 266 76 <0.001 5.8 6.118 CIDW 27.11.13 26 62 51 <0.001 2.9 3.819 TPS (Boiler-IV) 29.11.13 63 924 118 <0.001 11.1 9.820 GAS TURBINE(GT#1) 28.11.13 53 85 55 <0.001 11.4 5.721 GAS TURBINE(GT#2) 28.11.13 48 65 42 <0.001 3 2.922 GAS TURBINE(GT#3) 28.11.13 41 94 49 <0.001 2.9 3.623 VDU (New) 25.11.13 57 765 127 <0.001 8.3 8.724 SRU - III 26.11.13 72 4505 152 <0.001 8.8 10.325 OHCU # SRU 26.11.13 75 4369 133 <0.001 5.2 526 HFU 27.11.13 41 228 146 <0.001 5.5 5.827 SRU - II 26.11.13 89 3743 167 <0.001 8.5 8.9


FOR NOVEMBER, 2013.TABLE-2

A IV - 14



1 CRU 24.12.13 35 105 63 <0.001 5.1 6.42 CDU (Old) 13.12.13 58 604 95 <0.001 9.1 13.13 CDU Old Trim Heater 13.12.13 71 369 90 <0.001 4.9 74 CDU (New) 13.12.13 66 1020 214 <0.001 9.3 11.85 CDU New Trim Heater 13.12.13 65 727 143 <0.001 9.1 12.26 KHDS. 24.12.13 72 454 120 <0.001 5.9 97 FCCU (Heater) 19.12.13 65 121 116 <0.001 3.4 4.18 FCCU (Regenarator) 19.12.13 79 926 175 <0.001 15.4 139 MSQU 18.12.13 52 22 56 <0.001 1.4 1.410 DHDS 28.12.13 66 109 72 <0.001 2.1 1.911 OHCU 23.12.13 77 453 126 <0.001 6.7 7.712 OHCU (H2#1) 23.12.13 52 78 <4 <0.001 2.6 2.913 OHCU (H2#2) 23.12.13 58 69 <4 <0.001 1.9 1.514 PDA 23.12.13 40 954 186 <0.001 7 11.715 VBU (South) 14.12.13 77 474 169 <0.001 12.1 12.416 VBU (North) 14.12.13 80 647 189 <0.001 7.8 7.417 VDU (Old) 14.12.13 65 467 144 <0.001 6.6 718 VDU (Old) Trim Heater 14.12.13 57 247 68 <0.001 5.7 619 CIDW 23.12.13 37 70 57 <0.001 2.6 3.520 TPS (Boiler-III) 26.12.13 94 878 107 <0.001 17.7 14.721 GAS TURBINE(GT#1) 26.12.13 58 105 64 <0.001 10.5 5.222 GAS TURBINE(GT#2) 26.12.13 58 57 36 <0.001 3 2.923 GAS TURBINE(GT#3) 26.12.13 51 114 58 <0.001 3 3.724 VDU (New) 18.12.13 63 790 133 <0.001 7.9 8.325 SRU - III 24.12.13 81 4515 147 <0.001 8.9 10.426 OHCU # SRU 24.12.13 85 4389 142 <0.001 5.4 5.227 FEU (South) 18.12.13 68 723 149 <0.001 4.3 4.728 FEU (North) 18.12.13 70 614 123 <0.001 6.7 6.829 FEU (Middle) 18.12.13 91 678 102 <0.001 7 7.130 HFU 18.12.13 46 238 141 <0.001 5.7 631 SRU - II 24.12.13 97 3753 162 <0.001 8 8.4


FOR DECEMBER, 2013.TABLE-2

A IV - 15



1 CRU 24.01.14 40 148 81 <0.001 4.6 6.72 CDU (Old) 20.01.14 67 590 101 <0.001 8.8 12.73 CDU Old Trim Heater 20.01.14 62 350 82 <0.001 4.7 6.64 CDU (New) 20.01.14 72 1012 203 <0.001 8.9 11.35 CDU New Trim Heater 20.01.14 61 715 134 <0.001 8.7 12.16 KHDS. 24.01.14 62 425 119 <0.001 4.6 8.77 FCCU (Heater) 23.01.14 71 133 126 <0.001 3.3 4.58 FCCU (Regenarator) 23.01.14 85 912 181 <0.001 16.3 13.89 MSQU 23.01.14 57 29 63 <0.001 1.2 1.310 DHDS 27.01.14 76 128 82 <0.001 1.9 1.611 OHCU 21.01.14 73 435 134 <0.001 6.2 7.212 OHCU (H2#1) 21.01.14 62 85 <4 <0.001 2.4 2.613 OHCU (H2#2) 21.01.14 52 62 <4 <0.001 1.6 1.714 PDA 22.01.14 47 942 177 <0.001 6.5 10.915 VDU (Old) 22.01.14 70 452 138 <0.001 6.1 6.516 VDU (Old) Trim Heater 22.01.14 51 228 60 <0.001 5.3 6.417 CIDW 22.01.14 46 78 63 <0.001 2.4 3.118 TPS (Boiler-II) 27.01.14 112 824 121 <0.001 14.3 12.719 GAS TURBINE(GT#1) 21.01.14 51 125 73 <0.001 5.5 5.120 GAS TURBINE(GT#2) 21.01.14 48 69 45 <0.001 2.8 2.721 GAS TURBINE(GT#3) 21.01.14 45 82 50 <0.001 2.8 3.522 VDU (New) 23.01.14 59 815 139 <0.001 7.7 8.223 SRU - III 24.01.14 90 4525 142 <0.001 9.2 10.724 HFU 22.01.14 42 248 132 <0.001 5.4 5.625 SRU - II 24.01.14 91 3732 153 <0.001 7.5 7.9


FOR JANUARY, 2014.TABLE-2

A IV - 16



1 CRU 20.03.14 41 158 75 <0.001 5.1 7.42 CDU (Old) 11.03.14 83 549 113 <0.001 8.4 123 CDU Old Trim Heater 11.03.14 68 293 62 <0.001 4.8 6.74 CDU (New) 11.03.14 80 988 181 <0.001 8.6 10.85 CDU New Trim Heater 11.03.14 68 679 116 <0.001 8.4 11.76 KHDS. 20.03.14 84 500 131 <0.001 4.6 8.77 FCCU (Heater) 14.03.14 76 169 146 <0.001 3.4 4.18 FCCU (Regenarator) 14.03.14 96 870 193 <0.001 16 14.99 MSQU 14.03.14 51 24 48 <0.001 1.2 1.310 DHDS 27.03.14 87 185 102 <0.001 1.6 1.811 OHCU 20.03.14 92 450 150 <0.001 6.1 7.112 OHCU (H2#1) 20.03.14 74 112 <4 <0.001 2.3 2.413 OHCU (H2#2) 20.03.14 65 83 <4 <0.001 1.3 1.614 PDA 13.03.14 62 906 154 <0.001 6.7 11.215 VBU (South) 12.03.14 78 442 136 <0.001 10.2 10.516 VBU (North) 12.03.14 79 599 168 <0.001 7.4 7.117 VDU (Old) 13.03.14 84 407 126 <0.001 5.7 5.318 VDU (Old) Trim Heater 13.03.14 65 171 44 <0.001 5.7 6.819 CIDW 13.03.14 51 102 75 <0.001 2.4 320 TPS (Boiler-II) 21.03.14 102 899 115 <0.001 16.2 14.621 GAS TURBINE(GT#1) 21.03.14 52 68 65 <0.001 5.3 522 GAS TURBINE(GT#2) 21.03.14 48 54 32 <0.001 2.7 2.623 GAS TURBINE(GT#3) 21.03.14 42 62 43 <0.001 2.8 3.124 VDU (New) 14.03.14 76 890 151 <0.001 7.4 8.225 OHCU # SRU 27.03.14 107 4469 169 <0.001 5.8 5.626 FEU (South) 12.03.14 82 783 127 <0.001 4.9 5.427 FEU (North) 12.03.14 70 670 102 <0.001 5.2 5.528 FEU (Middle) 12.03.14 78 742 84 <0.001 6.8 6.929 SRU - II 27.03.14 108 3874 163 <0.001 7.4 7.7



A IV - 17



1 CRU 25.04.14 46 68 87 <0.001 4.3 6.12 CDU (Old) 16.04.14 75 441 107 <0.001 9.7 143 CDU Old Trim Heater 16.04.14 69 299 92 <0.001 4.8 6.84 CDU (New) 16.04.14 79 1020 214 <0.001 10 12.75 CDU New Trim Heater 16.04.14 72 727 143 <0.001 8.6 126 KHDS. 25.04.14 68 184 125 <0.001 4.4 8.17 FCCU (Heater) 23.04.14 42 118 136 <0.001 3.6 58 FCCU (Regenarator) 23.04.14 91 926 187 <0.001 16.4 13.99 MSQU 23.04.14 37 70 71 <0.001 1.2 1.310 DHDS 29.04.14 51 147 92 <0.001 1.8 1.511 OHCU 24.04.14 55 331 142 <0.001 6.2 7.212 OHCU (H2#1) 24.04.14 60 94 <4 <0.001 2.2 2.413 OHCU (H2#2) 24.04.14 43 69 <4 <0.001 1.6 1.714 PDA 24.04.14 54 954 186 <0.001 5.5 9.115 VBU (South) 18.04.14 94 442 158 <0.001 10.3 10.616 VBU (North) 18.04.14 74 599 168 <0.001 7.5 7.217 VDU (Old) 18.04.14 77 467 144 <0.001 5.7 6.118 VDU (Old) Trim Heater 18.04.14 59 247 68 <0.001 5.3 6.419 CIDW 24.04.14 55 86 69 <0.001 2.3 320 TPS (Boiler-II) 29.04.14 85 849 139 <0.001 12.6 11.321 GAS TURBINE(GT#1) 17.04.14 41 109 82 <0.001 5.6 5.222 GAS TURBINE(GT#2) 17.04.14 38 86 51 <0.001 3.1 323 GAS TURBINE(GT#3) 17.04.14 44 83 59 <0.001 2.8 3.524 VDU (New) 23.04.14 65 840 145 <0.001 7.3 7.825 OHCU # SRU 25.04.14 112 4509 187 <0.001 5.2 4.926 FEU (South) 17.04.14 82 813 139 <0.001 5.5 627 FEU (North) 17.04.14 69 698 102 <0.001 5.2 5.428 FEU (Middle) 17.04.14 81 774 84 <0.001 6.6 6.729 SRU - II 25.04.14 86 3742 158 <0.001 7.6 8


FOR APRIL, 2014.TABLE - 2

A IV - 18



1 CRU 17.05.14 41 78 93 <0.001 4 5.72 CDU (Old) 14.05.14 84 454 113 <0.001 9.1 13.23 CDU Old Trim Heater 14.05.14 74 318 102 <0.001 5.1 7.34 CDU (New) 14.05.14 85 1028 203 <0.001 10.7 13.65 CDU New Trim Heater 14.05.14 78 739 152 <0.001 9.2 12.86 KHDS. 17.05.14 75 209 131 <0.001 4.3 7.97 FCCU (Heater) 16.05.14 50 130 146 <0.001 3.3 4.78 FCCU (Regenarator) 16.05.14 83 912 193 <0.001 15.4 13.19 MSQU 16.05.14 47 83 79 <0.001 1.1 1.210 DHDS 20.05.14 61 166 102 <0.001 1.9 1.611 OHCU 17.05.14 45 336 150 <0.001 5.8 6.712 OHCU (H2#1) 17.05.14 70 103 <4 <0.001 2.1 2.313 OHCU (H2#2) 17.05.14 53 76 <4 <0.001 1.7 1.814 PDA 21.05.14 61 966 177 <0.001 5.3 8.715 VBU (South) 15.05.14 104 434 169 <0.001 9.8 10.116 VBU (North) 15.05.14 79 611 175 <0.001 7.4 7.117 VDU (Old) 15.05.14 85 452 138 <0.001 5.7 6.118 VDU (Old) Trim Heater 15.05.14 68 266 76 <0.001 5.3 6.419 CIDW 21.05.14 65 94 75 <0.001 2.2 2.920 GAS TURBINE(GT#1) 20.05.14 51 129 91 <0.001 5.1 4.721 GAS TURBINE(GT#2) 20.05.14 47 94 57 <0.001 3.3 3.222 GAS TURBINE(GT#3) 20.05.14 54 103 50 <0.001 2.8 3.523 VDU (New) 16.05.14 75 865 151 <0.001 7.3 7.824 OHCU # SRU 21.05.14 121 4529 178 <0.001 4.8 4.525 HFU 21.05.14 63 201 142 <0.001 5.1 5.326 SRU - II 21.05.14 96 3752 163 <0.001 8 8.4


FOR MAY, 2014.TABLE - 2

A IV - 19

PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 Ozone Lead CO Ammonia Benzene Benzo(a)Pyrene Arsenic Nickel (O3) (Pb) (NH3) (C6H6) (BaP) (As) (Ni)

µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 mg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3

IOCL MAIN GATE 72.38 35.25 22.38 46.63 41.00 0.11 1.10 42.50 2.90 BDL BDL BDL

QUALITY CONTROL LAB 63.50 31.50 18.13 42.00 36.38 0.10 1.00 38.75 2.40 BDL BDL BDL

OM & S BLOCK 66.75 33.38 18.75 42.75 36.88 0.09 0.95 35.13 2.28 BDL BDL BDL

REFINERY HOSPITAL 39.75 19.63 7.13 27.25 22.63 0.06 0.59 20.38 0.98 BDL BDL BDL

BITUMEN FILLING STATION 52.63 25.38 14.25 35.25 31.25 0.08 0.75 27.13 1.80 BDL BDL BDL

TUBE WELL 4A, NEAR MCO TANK 62.50 30.75 16.38 40.25 35.13 0.10 0.94 31.25 2.20 BDL BDL BDL

SECTOR - 21 48.50 23.88 7.75 29.75 23.38 0.12 0.65 21.00 1.56 BDL BDL BDL




REFINERY HOSPITAL 37.38 18.25 6.38 26.13 21.38 0.07 0.61 17.75 1.14 BDL BDL BDL







REFINERY HOSPITAL 30.14 13.86 5.29 19.86 19.43 0.06 0.57 14.71 BDL BDL BDL BDL















FEBRUARY, 2012

APRIL, 2012

MAY, 2012

JUNE, 2012

JANUARY, 2012

AMBIENT AIR QUALITY RESULTS (2012-2014)

(AVERAGE CONCENTRATION)

LOCATION MONTH

Pollutant's Concentration

A IV - 20











IOCL MAIN GATE 70.00 34.63 22.00 53.50 48.25 0.14 1.34 46.00 4.66 N.D. BDL BDL

QUALITY CONTROL LAB 62.63 30.75 18.75 46.63 40.13 0.15 1.28 41.38 3.44 N.D. BDL BDL

OM & S BLOCK 67.63 33.25 17.50 44.13 37.38 0.13 1.11 37.13 2.19 N.D. BDL BDL

REFINERY HOSPITAL 39.13 19.13 7.00 31.63 28.88 0.07 0.90 30.88 N.D. N.D. BDL BDL

BITUMEN FILLING STATION N.D. BDL BDL

TUBE WELL 4A, NEAR MCO TANK 64.00 31.38 18.00 47.25 36.75 0.14 1.11 34.63 2.61 N.D. BDL BDL

SECTOR - 21 49.25 24.00 7.13 37.38 29.38 0.08 0.73 27.00 N.D. N.D. BDL BDL





BITUMEN FILLING STATION 47.25 23.38 13.13 35.50 29.88 0.09 0.86 27.00 1.86 N.D. BDL BDL


















JULY, 2012

FEBRUARY, 2013

MARCH, 2013

APRIL, 2013

MAY, 2013

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NOVEMBER, 2013

DECEMBER, 2013

JANUARY, 2014

SEPTEMBER, 2013

JUNE, 2013

AUGUST, 2013

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REFINERY HOSPITAL 32.13 14.38 5.14 16.13 9.38 0.05 0.45 BDL N.D. N.D. BDL BDL

BITUMEN FILLING STATION 37.38 16.75 10.38 25.00 14.25 0.07 0.55 BDL 0.30 N.D. BDL BDL


SECTOR - 21 34.13 15.63 5.25 18.00 11.88 0.05 0.49 BDL N.D. N.D. BDL BDL

APRIL, 2014

FEBRUARY, 2014

MARCH, 2014

APRIL, 2014

A IV - 23

ANNEXURE-V

Action plan to achieve smokeless flare in Haldia Refinery

The flare system in Haldia Refinery is provided for safe disposal of combustible, toxic gases

which are relieved from various process plants and off sites during start-up, shutdown, normal

operation or in case of an emergency such as:

* Cooling water failure

* Power failure

* External fire

* Blocked discharge

* Any other operational failure

In Haldia Refinery HC Flare System provided for process units to handle hydrocarbon

flare. An acid Flare gas from Amine Treatment Unit of is being routed through an independent

header via KOD. Flare System was designed with the concept of low pressure flare and high

pressure flare header. Low pressure header used to cater the safety release of equipments

operated at lower pressure. High pressure header used to cater the safety release of high

pressure equipments.

The smoke, which is mainly made up of carbon particles, occurs when there is insufficient

amount of air to support a complete combustion. Smoking may result from combustion,

depending upon waste gas components & the quantity and distribution of combustion air.

Waste gases containing methane, hydrogen, CO, and ammonia usually burn without smoke.

Waste gases containing heavy hydrocarbons such as paraffins above methane, olefins, and

aromatics, cause smoke. This may happen when there is a sudden release of excess gases to

the system or insufficient steam/Air supplied for the burning process. Complete combustion

requires sufficient combustion air and proper mixing of air and waste gas.

The HC flare systems at IOCL Haldia consist of smokeless flaring operation. The HC Flare Tips

are smokeless type flare tip, which utilizes steam to achieve smokeless flaring operation.

External injection of steam on the flare tip increases the air inspiration & provides intense

mixing of the flare gas with air & steam this reduces the smoke generation. The central steam

injection also creates severe turbulence & mixing of the steam with gas & this assists in

reduction of the smoke formation.

Hence, to achieve efficient smokeless operation the steam is injected externally as well as

centrally. The central steam injection is achieved through central steam nozzle. The external

steam is injected through external steam nozzles, which are arranged peripheral around the

flare tip and connected through steam manifold. While starting the flare, first drain the

steam system and then slowly introduce steam to the flare tip establishing a small bleed to

the tip prior to ignition. This helps to reduce heating shock on the steam manifold and control

of steam flow during operation can be manual / automatic and is necessary to maintain a

level sufficient to suppress the smoking. However during the flare operation where no much

smoke is being generated, at that time the steam supply to the system should be kept at

minimum rate centrally & externally to help protect the steam nozzles of the flare tip from

thermal radiation. The HC flare tip is supplied with a slatted type Windshield to prevent

flame leak, hold the flame above the tip and to help to cool the top portion of the flare tip

closer to the flame envelope. The flare tip is also provided with flame retention lugs to

provide flame stability at high flare gas discharge rates. Refinery is also having Flare Gas

Recovery System of Capacity: 2x420 Nm3/hr (2x550 kg/hr) which reduces quantity of gasses

release/ flaring.

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ANX VIII1

Annexure - IX

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Table-1Tolerance Limits for Inland Surface Waters (as per IS:2296)

SN Parameter and Unit Class-A Class-B Class-C Class-D Class-E1 Colour (Hazen Units) 10 300 300 - -2 Odour Unobject - - - -3 Taste Tasteless - - - -4 pH (max) (min:6.5) 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.55 Conductivity (25oC) (mhos/cm) - - - 1000 22506 DO (mg/L)(min) 6 5 4 4 -7 BOD (3 days at 27oC) (mg/L) 2 3 3 - -8 Total Coliforms (MPN/100 mL) 50 500 5000 - -9 TDS (mg/L) 500 - 1500 - 210010 Oil and Grease (mg/L) - - 0.1 0.1 -11 Mineral Oil (mg/L) 0.01 - - - -12 Free Carbon Dioxide (mg/L CO2) - - - 6 -13 Free Ammonia (mg/L as N) - - - 1.2 -14 Cyanide (mg/L as CN) 0.05 0.05 0.05 - -15 Phenol (mg/L C6H5OH) 0.002 0.005 0.005 - -16 Total Hardness (mg/L as CaCO3) 300 - - - -17 Chloride (mg/L as Cl) 250 - 600 - 60018 Sulphate (mg/L as SO4) 400 - 400 - 100019 Nitrate (mg/L as NO3) 20 - 50 - -20 Fluoride (mg/L as F) 1.5 1.5 1.5 - -21 Calcium (mg/L as Ca) 80 - - - -22 Magnesium (mg/L as Mg) 24.4 - - - -23 Copper (mg/L as Cu) 1.5 - 1.5 - -24 Iron (mg/L as Fe) 0.3 - 50 - -25 Manganese (mg/L as Mn) 0.5 - - - -26 Zinc (mg/L as Zn) 15 - 15 - -27 Boron (mg/L as B) - - - - 228 Barium (mg/L as Ba) 1 - - - -29 Silver (mg/L as Ag) 0.05 - - - -30 Arsenic (mg/L as As) 0.05 0.2 0.2 - -31 Mercury (mg/L as Hg) 0.001 - - - -32 Lead (mg/L as Pb) 0.1 - 0.1 - -33 Cadmium (mg/L as Cd) 0.01 - 0.01 - -34 Chromium (VI) (mg/L as Cr) 0.05 0.05 0.05 - -35 Selenium (mg/L as Se) 0.01 - 0.05 - -36 Anionic Detergents (mg/L MBAS) 0.2 1 1 - -37 PAH (mg/L) 0.2 - - - -38 Pesticides (g/L) Absent - - - -39 Insecticides (mg/L) - - Absent - -40 Alpha Emitters (10-6c/mL) 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.00141 Beta Emitters (10-6c/mL) 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.0142 Percent Sodium (%) - - - - 6043 Sodium Absorption Ratio - - - - 26

Class-A: Drinking water source without conventional treatment but after disinfection.Class-B: Outdoor bathing.Class-C: Drinking water source with conventional treatment followed by disinfection.Class-D: Fish culture and wild life propagation.Class-E: Irrigation, industrial cooling and controlled waste disposal.

Annexure - IX

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Table-2Drinking Water Quality Standards (as per IS:10500)

SlNo

Parameter and Unit Desirable Limit Permissible Limitin Absence of

Alternate Source1 Colour (Hazen units) 5 252 Odour Unobjectionable -3 Taste Agreeable -4 Turbidity (NTU) 5 105 PH 5-8.5 No relaxation6 Total Coliforms (MPN/100 mL) nil -7 Pathogenic Organisms or Virus nil -8 TDS (mg/L) 500 20009 Mineral Oil (mg/L) 0.01 0.0310 Free Residual Chlorine (mg/L) 0.2 -11 Cyanide (mg/L as CN) 0.05 No relaxation12 Phenol (mg/L C6H5OH) 0.001 0.00213 Total Hardness (mg/L as CaCO3) 300 60014 Total Alkalinity (mg/L as CaCO3) 200 60015 Chloride (mg/L as Cl) 250 100016 Sulphate (mg/L as SO4) 200 40017 Nitrate (mg/L as NO3) 45 10018 Fluoride (mg/L as F) 1 1.519 Calcium (mg/L as Ca) 75 20020 Magnesium (mg/L as Mg) 30 10021 Copper (mg/L as Cu) 0.05 1.522 Iron (mg/L as Fe) 0.3 123 Manganese (mg/L as Mn) 0.1 0.324 Zinc (mg/L as Zn) 5 1525 Boron (mg/L as B) 1 526 Aluminium (mg/L as AL) 0.03 0.227 Arsenic (mg/L as As) 0.05 No relaxation28 Mercury (mg/L as Hg) 0.001 No relaxation29 Lead (mg/L as Pb) 0.05 No relaxation30 Cadmium (mg/L as Cd) 0.01 No relaxation31 Chromium (VI) (mg/L as Cr) 0.05 No relaxation32 Selenium (mg/L as Se) 0.01 No relaxation33 Anionic Detergents (mg/L MBAS) 0.2 134 PAH (mg/L) nil -35 Pesticides (g/L) Absent 0.00136 Alpha Emitters (10-6c/mL) nil 0.000137 Beta Emitters (10-6c/mL) nil 0.001

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Table-3General Standards for Discharge of Effluents[as per Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986]

SlNo

Parameter and Unit InlandSurface

Water

PublicSewers

Land forIrrigation

MarineCoastal

Water1 Temperature (oC) # - - #2 Colour and Odour $ - $ $3 PH 5.5-9.0 5.5-9.0 5.5-9.0 5.5-9.04 BOD (3 days at 27oC) (mg/L) 30 350 100 1005 COD (mg/L) 250 - - 2506 Bio-assay (% 96-hrs Survival) @ @ @ @7 TSS (mg/L) 100 600 200 100*8 SS Particle size(pass IS Sieve) 850 - - &9 Oil and Grease (mg/L) 10 20 10 2010 Total Residual Chlorine (mg/L) 1 - - 111 Nitrate Nitrogen (mg/L as N) 10 - - 2012 Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/L N) 50 50 - 5013 Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L as N) 100 - - 10014 Free Ammonia (mg/L as N) 5 - - 515 Cyanide (mg/L as CN) 0.2 2 0.2 0.216 Phenol (mg/L C6H5OH) 1 5 - 517 Fluoride (mg/L as F) 2 15 - 1518 Sulphide (mg/L as S) 2 - - 519 Dissolved Phosphate (mg/L P) 5 - - -20 Copper (mg/L as Cu) 3 3 - 321 Iron (mg/L as Fe) 3 3 - 322 Manganese (mg/L as Mn) 2 2 - 223 Zinc (mg/L as Zn) 5 15 - 1524 Nickel (mg/L as Ni) 3 3 - 525 Vanadium (mg/L as V) 0.2 0.2 - 0.226 Arsenic (mg/L as As) 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.227 Mercury (mg/L as Hg) 0.01 0.01 - 0.0128 Lead (mg/L as Pb) 0.1 1 - 129 Cadmium (mg/L as Cd) 2 1 - 230 Chromium (VI) (mg/L as Cr) 0.1 2 - 131 Chromium (Total) (mg/L as Cr) 2 2 - 232 Selenium (mg/L as Se) 0.05 0.05 - 0.0533 Alpha Emitters (10-6c/mL) 0.1 0.1 0.01 0.134 Beta Emitters (10-6c/mL) 1 1 0.1 1

# Shall not exceed 5oC above the receiving water temperature.$ All efforts should be made to remove colour and unpleasant odour as far as practicable.@ 90% survival of fish after 96 hours in 100% effluent.* For cooling water effluent 10% above TSS of influent.& (a) Floatable solids 3 mm, (b) Settleable solids 850 micron.

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Table-4National Ambient Air Quality Standards

Table-5

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Ambient Air Quality Standards in respect of Noise

[as per Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000]

Area Code

Category of Area Limits in dB(A) Leq*Day Time Night Time

A Industrial Area 75 70B Commercial Area 65 55C Residential Area 55 45D Silence Zone 50 40

Notes: 1. Day time shall mean from 6.00 a.m. to 10.00 p.m.2. Night time shall mean from 10.00 p.m. to 6.00 a.m.3. Silence zone is defined as an area comprising not less than 100 metres around

hospitals, educational institutions and courts. The silence zones are zones which are declared as such by the competent authority.

4. Mixed categories of areas may be declared as one of the four above mentioned categories by the competent authority.

* dB(A) Leq denotes the time weighted average of the level of sound in decibels on scale A which is relatable to human hearing.

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ANNEXURE – X

POINT WISE COMPLIANCE TO THE ISSUES RAISED DURING PUBLIC HEARING

The Public Hearing was conducted on 12th September, 2014 at the office premises of Sub-divisional Officer, Haldia, Distt.: Purba Medinipur, West Bengal for Installation of Feed Preparation Unit (FPU) for Catalytic Dewaxing Unit (CDWU) at Haldia Refinery, District: Purba Medinipur, West Bengal. The point-wise compliance to the issues, raised during this meeting has been tabulated as below:

Name Issue Raised Compliance1. Sri Srideb Mondal,

Village: KukrahatiMr. Mondal welcomed the proposed project with all the commitments made by the Project Proponent during their presentation. He requested the project proponent to develop extensive green belt in the locality for safeguards of the local people.

IOCL is committed to maintain all environmental safeguards since the inception of the refinery. The company is committed to undertake adequate green belt development and extensive plantation programme on regular basis in consultation with Haldia Development Authority, Haldia Municipality and Kolkata Port Trust (Haldia Dock Complex).

2. Sri Kanailal Manna, Village: Basudevpur

Mr. Manna welcomed the proposed project with all the commitments made by the Project Proponentduring their presentation. He informed that employment for local people should be considered for the proposed project. He also requested that the project proponent should take proper steps so that ground water, cultivation, pisiculture of the surrounding area should not be affected.

In line with the existing practice, IOCL will give priority to the local people for the employment through the contractors in the proposed project.

The additional wastewater during operation of the project shall undergo proper treatment in the Effluent Treatment Plant before final discharge into Green Belt Canal. So, there will be insignificant impact on the cultivation, pisiculture of the surrounding area. Moreover, there will be no solid waste generation during operation of the project.

3. Sri Ranadev Das, Vill: Bhabanipur, Debogh

Mr. Das mentioned that wastewater generated from the project is polluting in nature, the project proponent should explain in details regarding the measures to be taken for controlling of water pollution. He also

As already mentioned above, the additional wastewater during operation of the project shall undergo proper treatment in the Effluent Treatment Plant before final discharge into Green Belt Canal.

The wastewater, generated

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requested that project proponent should mention in details about the measures to be taken for maintenance of Green Belt Canal.

during existing refinery operationis being treated in the existing ETP. A part of the treated wastewater is being recycled for various uses in the refinery and the balance portion is discharged into Green Belt Canal.

Action plan has already been initiated for desilting of Green belt canal in about a stretch of 2.5 KM.

4. Sri Brajen Kumar Maity, Haldia

Mr. Maity stated that environmental pollution created by the surrounding industries in the locality causing serious health problem, water pollution in the river. Water quality in the Green belt canal and ambient air quality of the area is very poor. He also mentioned that project proponent should take necessary steps to reduce pollution in the area during installation of the proposed project.

IOCL is committed to uphold environmental considerations with continual improvement in its existing system, which will continue with the implementation of the proposed project.

5. Sri Jayanta Kr. Paria, Haldia and Sri Janmenjay, Vill: Gandhinagar

Both welcomed the proposed project and mentioned that adequate green belt to be developed surrounding the refinery premises, townships as well as project likely to impact over the zone such as Mahisadal, Nandigram etc. They also stated that maintenance of green belt canal should be considered by the project proponent.

Already mentioned above.

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