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Indian Ocean wave ModelingIndian Ocean wave Modeling
Beijing, China, 25 to 29 July 2005Beijing, China, 25 to 29 July 2005
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Wave Basic KnowledgeWave Basic Knowledge
Ocean Wave ModelingOcean Wave Modeling
- Hard Computing Approach - Hard Computing Approach
- Soft Computing Approach - Soft Computing Approach
VirtualWave3D ProgramVirtualWave3D Program
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Wave Basic KnowledgeWave Basic Knowledge
Anatomy of a waveAnatomy of a waveA wave can be regarded initially as an ideal a sinusoidal wave (though the ideal A wave can be regarded initially as an ideal a sinusoidal wave (though the ideal
regular waves bears little resemblance to real waves observed at sea regular waves bears little resemblance to real waves observed at sea irregular in form and period)irregular in form and period)
Characteristics:• H: Height (from crest to trough)• L: Wavelength (from crest to crest)• T: Period (time required for two successive crests to pass a
point)• h: Depth of water column below mean surface level
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Anatomy of a waveAnatomy of a wave
A few waves: A case of temporal- and spatial-scalesA few waves: A case of temporal- and spatial-scales
Waves are classified according to their wave period
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
© 2002 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
What characteristics are used to classify waves?
Disturbing force
Free waves vs. forced waves
Restoring force
Wavelength
Classifying Waves
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
© 2002 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
Classifying WavesJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
© 2002 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
Wave Dynamics And Wind Waves
Waves transmit energy across the ocean’s surface.
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
© 2002 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
Ocean Waves
Orbital waves are waves in which the particles of water move in closed circles as the wave passes.
Progressive waves are waves of moving energy in which the wave form moves in one direction along the surface (or junction) of the transmission medium. Orbital waves are a type of progressive wave because the waveform moves forward
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
© 2002 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
What are the parts of an ocean wave?
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
© 2002 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
Deep Water Waves, Shallow Water Waves
Note the importance of the relationship between wavelength and depth in determining wave type.
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Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Anatomy of wind wavesAnatomy of wind wavesWind waves:Wind waves:
As the wind blows As the wind blows formation of ripples (capillary waves) formation of ripples (capillary waves)As the wind increases in speed As the wind increases in speed waves become larger waves become larger (gravity waves)(gravity waves)
Variety and size of wind-generated waves are controlled by four Variety and size of wind-generated waves are controlled by four principal factors:principal factors:
• Wind velocityWind velocity• Wind durationWind duration• Unobstructed distance over which wind blows (fetch)Unobstructed distance over which wind blows (fetch)• Original sea stateOriginal sea state
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
© 2002 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
What factors affect wind wave development?
Wind strength - wind must be moving faster than the wave crests for energy transfer to continue
Wind duration - winds that blow for a short time will not generate large waves
Fetch - the uninterrupted distance over which the wind blows without changing direction
Factors Affecting Wind Wave Development
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
© 2002 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
Factors Affecting Wind Wave Development
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Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Ocean Wave modelingOcean Wave modeling
Ocean wave forecasting techniquesOcean wave forecasting techniques
Hard computing approach by Hard computing approach by using using WAM WAM ((WAWAve ve MModel) odel)
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Soft computing approach by Soft computing approach by using using NNs (NNs (NNeural eural NNetworks)etworks)
Hard computing approach by using Hard computing approach by using WAMWAM
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Numerical wave modelingNumerical wave modeling
- The most used descriptor of the wave field is the energy The most used descriptor of the wave field is the energy density spectrum in both frequency and direction, where density spectrum in both frequency and direction, where is the frequency, and the direction of propagation. This is the frequency, and the direction of propagation. This representation is particularly useful because we already representation is particularly useful because we already know how to interpret what we know about wave physics know how to interpret what we know about wave physics in terms of the spectral components, .Each component can in terms of the spectral components, .Each component can be regarded as a sinusoidal wave of which we have a be regarded as a sinusoidal wave of which we have a reasonably well-understood theory. From this spectrum, reasonably well-understood theory. From this spectrum, we can deduce most of the parameters expected of an we can deduce most of the parameters expected of an operational wave model namely, the significant wave operational wave model namely, the significant wave height, the frequency spectrum, the peak frequency and height, the frequency spectrum, the peak frequency and secondary frequency maxima, the directional spectrum, secondary frequency maxima, the directional spectrum, the primary wave direction, any secondary wave the primary wave direction, any secondary wave directions, the zero-crossing period, etc.directions, the zero-crossing period, etc.
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Input NonlinearDissipationGroup velocity
Angular frequency Latitude LongitudeDirection
Energy balance equationEnergy balance equation
Wave spectrum
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Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Third generation modelsThird generation models
A classification of wave models into first, second and third A classification of wave models into first, second and third generation wave models is also used, which takes into generation wave models is also used, which takes into account the method of handling the nonlinear source term account the method of handling the nonlinear source term
•• First generation models do not have an explicit term. First generation models do not have an explicit term. Nonlinear energy transfers re implicitly expressed through Nonlinear energy transfers re implicitly expressed through the and terms.the and terms.
•• Second generation models handle the term by parametric Second generation models handle the term by parametric methods, for example by applying a reference spectrum methods, for example by applying a reference spectrum (for example the JONSWAP spectrum or the (for example the JONSWAP spectrum or the Pierson/Moskowitz spectrum) to reorganize the energy Pierson/Moskowitz spectrum) to reorganize the energy (after wave growth and dissipation) over the frequencies.(after wave growth and dissipation) over the frequencies.
•• Third generation models calculate the nonlinear energy Third generation models calculate the nonlinear energy transfers explicitly.transfers explicitly.
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Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
- The WAM-model is a third The WAM-model is a third generation wave model which generation wave model which solves the wave transport solves the wave transport equation explicitly without any equation explicitly without any presumptions on the shape of presumptions on the shape of the wave spectrum. It the wave spectrum. It represents the physics of the represents the physics of the wave evolution in accordance wave evolution in accordance without knowledge today for without knowledge today for the full set of degrees of the full set of degrees of freedom of a 2D wave freedom of a 2D wave spectrum.spectrum.
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WAM modelWAM model
WAM modelWAM model
The model was developed at the Max-Planck-Institut The model was developed at the Max-Planck-Institut Meteorologie in Hamburg (Germany) by S. and K. Meteorologie in Hamburg (Germany) by S. and K. Hasselmann with the aid of P. Janssen and G. Komen Hasselmann with the aid of P. Janssen and G. Komen (KNMI, Netherlands), and L. Zambreski and H. (GKSS, (KNMI, Netherlands), and L. Zambreski and H. (GKSS, Germany, ECMWF, Reading, UK). It has been installed at Germany, ECMWF, Reading, UK). It has been installed at about 35 institutions world wide and is used for research about 35 institutions world wide and is used for research and also operational application. It is also being applied and also operational application. It is also being applied for interpreting and assimilating satellite wave data.for interpreting and assimilating satellite wave data.
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Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
WAM DEVELOPMENTWAM DEVELOPMENT SWAMP STUDY OF 1st AND 2nd GENERATION WAVE SWAMP STUDY OF 1st AND 2nd GENERATION WAVE
MODELS (1984)MODELS (1984) DEVELOPMENT OF 3rd GENERATION WAVE MODEL DEVELOPMENT OF 3rd GENERATION WAVE MODEL
GOALGOAL : : DEVELOP A 3G WAVE MODEL BASE ON PHYSICSDEVELOP A 3G WAVE MODEL BASE ON PHYSICS IMPLEMENT A GLOBAL VERSION FOR MEDIUM IMPLEMENT A GLOBAL VERSION FOR MEDIUM
RANGE FORECASTINGRANGE FORECASTING DEVELOP NESTED VERSIONS OF WAMDEVELOP NESTED VERSIONS OF WAM PERFORM STUDIES OF DYNAMIC WAVE PERFORM STUDIES OF DYNAMIC WAVE
PROCESSESPROCESSES DEVELOP DATA ASSIMILATION TECHNIQUESDEVELOP DATA ASSIMILATION TECHNIQUES
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Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
WAM modelWAM model
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Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Model physics and Model physics and dynamicsdynamics
The WAM model describes the evolution of a two-The WAM model describes the evolution of a two-dimensional ocean wave spectrum. In contrast to first and dimensional ocean wave spectrum. In contrast to first and second generation models, the third generation model second generation models, the third generation model WAM introduces no ad hoc assumptions on the spectral WAM introduces no ad hoc assumptions on the spectral shape. It computes the 2-d wave variance spectrum shape. It computes the 2-d wave variance spectrum through integration of the transport equationthrough integration of the transport equation
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Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Model physics and Model physics and dynamicsdynamics
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Wave spectrum Linear wave theory
(wave energy spectrum)
Statistical theory of linear random waves(wave number spectrum)
Ocean Wave model based on WAM Energy balance equationEnergy balance equation
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
SOURCE TERMS S = SSOURCE TERMS S = Sinin + S + Snlnl + S + Sdsds + S + Sbottombottom
WIND INPUT SOURCE TERM WIND INPUT SOURCE TERM SSinin CYCLE 1-3 BASED ON SYNDER (1981)CYCLE 1-3 BASED ON SYNDER (1981) CYCLE 4 BASED ON JANSSEN (1991)CYCLE 4 BASED ON JANSSEN (1991)
NON-LINEAR SOURCE TERM NON-LINEAR SOURCE TERM SSnlnl BASED ON HASSELMANN’S THEORIES ON WAVE-WAVE BASED ON HASSELMANN’S THEORIES ON WAVE-WAVE
INTERACTIONSINTERACTIONS DISSAPATION SOURCE TERM DISSAPATION SOURCE TERM SSdsds
BASED ON HASSELMANN’S THEORY OF DISSAPATION DUE BASED ON HASSELMANN’S THEORY OF DISSAPATION DUE TO WHITE CAPPING. TUNING TERMTO WHITE CAPPING. TUNING TERM
BOTTOM FRICTION SOURCE TERM BOTTOM FRICTION SOURCE TERM SSbottombottom ONLY APPLIES IN SHALLOW WATERONLY APPLIES IN SHALLOW WATER
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Soft computing approach by using Soft computing approach by using NNs NNs (Neural Networks)(Neural Networks)
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
การประชุ�มสัมมนาวิ ชุาการ เน��องในวินสัถาปนากรมอ�ตุ�น ยมวิ ทยา การประชุ�มสัมมนาวิ ชุาการ เน��องในวินสัถาปนากรมอ�ตุ�น ยมวิ ทยา
OceanOcean Wave model based on GRNN Wave model based on GRNN (Generalize Regression Nearal (Generalize Regression Nearal Network )Network )
U = wind velocity at 10 U = wind velocity at 10 m above the mean sea m above the mean sea level, level, w w : wind direction, : wind direction,
F : fetch length, F : fetch length, HHs s : significant wave : significant wave
height, height, DDww : sea depth : sea depth
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
การประชุ�มสัมมนาวิ ชุาการ เน��องในวินสัถาปนากรมอ�ตุ�น ยมวิ ทยา การประชุ�มสัมมนาวิ ชุาการ เน��องในวินสัถาปนากรมอ�ตุ�น ยมวิ ทยา
ObservingObserving
GRNNGRNN
WAMWAMUNOCAL STATIONUNOCAL STATION
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
การประชุ�มสัมมนาวิ ชุาการ เน��องในวินสัถาปนากรมอ�ตุ�น ยมวิ ทยา การประชุ�มสัมมนาวิ ชุาการ เน��องในวินสัถาปนากรมอ�ตุ�น ยมวิ ทยา
ObservingObserving
GRNNGRNN
WAMWAMHUA-HIN STATIONHUA-HIN STATION
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
UNOCAL STATIONUNOCAL STATION HUA-HIN STATIONHUA-HIN STATION
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Create VirtualWave3D Create VirtualWave3D ProgramProgram
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
VirtualWave AlgorithmVirtualWave Algorithm• Read Topography (Earth grid Read Topography (Earth grid points)points)• Read WAM Output of all time Read WAM Output of all time steps (every 3 hours)steps (every 3 hours)
• Read Wave Height (WaH)Read Wave Height (WaH)• Read Wave Speed (WaS), Read Wave Speed (WaS), Wave Direction (WaD)Wave Direction (WaD)• Read Wind Speed (WiS), Wind Read Wind Speed (WiS), Wind Direction (WiD)Direction (WiD)• Read Wave FrequencyRead Wave Frequency
• Calculate SWH and ETA of all Calculate SWH and ETA of all pointspoints
• SWH = SWH = (WaH/2)*Cos(2*PI*WaF*t - WaD)(WaH/2)*Cos(2*PI*WaF*t - WaD)• ETA = (WaH/2)*Sin(-ETA = (WaH/2)*Sin(-2*PI*WaF*t)2*PI*WaF*t)
• Visualize and animate all data of Visualize and animate all data of all time stepsall time steps
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Methodology - GridMethodology - Grid
Latitude 5N-15N
10 degrees = 41 points
Longitude 95E-105E
10 degrees =41 points
Resolution0.25
degrees = 27.75km
(1 degree = 111km)
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
SWH(Significant Wave Height) - ETASWH(Significant Wave Height) - ETA
SWHSWHEtaEta
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Visualization Results - TY Linda 1997Visualization Results - TY Linda 1997
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Visualization Results - TD 2003Visualization Results - TD 2003
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Visualization Results - TS Muifa 2004Visualization Results - TS Muifa 2004
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007
Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007