Indian Geotechnical Cigs/ldh/conf/2009/copyr.pdf · The Indian Geotechnical ociety has been...
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Transcript of Indian Geotechnical Cigs/ldh/conf/2009/copyr.pdf · The Indian Geotechnical ociety has been...
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Preface
v
ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
Patron-in-Chief
Dr. K. Basavapunnaiah, President, R.V.R. & J.C. College of Engineering
Patron
Sri R. Gopalakrishna, Secretary & Correspondent, R.V.R. & J.C. College of Engineering
Dr. M. Gopalkrishna, Treasurer, R.V.R. & J.C. College of Engineering
Co-patron
Dr. P.S. Sankara Rao, Principal, R.V.R. & J.C. College of Engineering
Hon. Chairman
Dr. A. Sreerama Rao, Principal, V.S.L. Engineering College for Women, Kakinada
Chairman
Prof. K.S. Sairam, Head of Civil Engineering Department, R.V.R. & J.C. College of Engineering
Vice-Chairmen
Er. S. Govardhan Reddy, EE, PR, Guntur
Dr. V.A. Prasad, Structural Engineer, Guntur
Organizing Secretary
Prof. M. Rama Rao, R.V.R. & J.C. College of Engineering
Joint Organizing Secretaries
Prof. J. Kishore Babu, CIET, Guntur
Er. G.V. Seshagiri Rao, DEE, RWS, Guntur
Treasurer
Er. T. Ravindra Babu, R&B, Guntur
vi
Advisory Committee
Er. Mahavir Bidasaria, President, IGS Prof. S.R. Gandhi, IIT, Chennai
Er. Jai Bhagawan, Honorary Secy., IGS Prof. H.N. Ramesh, UVCE, Bangalore
Dr. Satyendra Mittal, IIT, Roorkee Prof. K. Rajagopal, IIT, Chennai
Prof. P.V. Sivapullaiah, IISc., Bangalore Er. B. Rajeswara Rao, ENC, RWS, A.P.
Prof. K.S. Rao, IIT, Delhi Dr. G.V.S. Suryanarayana Raju, CE, R&B, Hyderabad
Dr. Deva Pratap, NIT, Warangal Er. M.K. Rahman, ENC, Irrigation, A.P.
Er. I.S.N. Raju, CE., Irrigation, Hyderabad
Technical Committee
Prof. M.R. Madhav, JNTUH, Chairman Prof. T. Ramamurthy, IIT, Delhi
Prof. A. Sridharan, IISc., Bangalore Prof. A.V. Shroff, M.S. University, Baroda
Prof. K. Rajagopal, IIT, Madras Prof. G.V.R. Prasada Raju, JNTUK, Kakinada
Prof. S.R. Gandhi, IIT, Madras Prof. K. Nagendra Prasad, S.V.U, Tirupathi
Prof. B.R. Phani Kumar, VIT, Vellore Prof. K. Mallikarjuna Rao, S.V.U., Tirupathi
Dr. V. Ramana Murty, NIT, Warangal Dr. G. Madhavi Latha, IISc., Bangalore
Committee Chairmen
Website Management Er. Y. Narasimha Rao, D.E.E., P.R.
Registration Mr. M.L.N. Krishna Sai, Lecturer, R.V.R. & J.C. C.E.
Accommodation/Hospitality Dr. P. Ch. Sanjeeva Rao, Sr. Asst. Prof., R.V.R. & J.C. C.E.
Catering Committee Dr. P. Babu, Principal, KITS
Technical Sessions Dr. A. Sreerama Rao, Principal, V.S.L.E.C.W.
Publication Mr. P.V.S.M. Krishna, Asst. Prof., R.V.R. & J.C. C.E.
Finance Er. S. Govardhan Reddy, E.E., P.R. & Er. B. Sudhakara Babu, S.E., Irrigation
Press & Publicity Er. K.S.R. Kutumba Rao, Charted Engineer
Souvenir Er. G. Brahmaiah, D.E.E., P.R.
Transport Committee Mr. P. Srinivas, Asst. Prof., R.V.R. & J.C. C.E.
Exhibition Committee Mr. S.V. Satyanarayana, Lecturer, R.V.R. & J.C. C.E.
Cultural Programme Prof. J. Kishore Babu, CIET & Prof. K. Srinivas, R.V.R. & J.C. C.E.
Spouse Programme Smt. G. Sridevi, Asst. Prof., R.V.R. & J.C. C.E.
Preface
vii
PREFACE
The Indian Geotechnical Society has been conducting its annual conferences since 1960. The conference, presently being held in Guntur, is the forty-eighth. The Guntur Chapter of IGS, which is only seven years old, feels proud to organize the conference, IGC–2009. It is hosted by the R.V.R. & J.C. College of Engineering, Guntur, which is celebrating its Silver Jubilee.
The main theme of the conference is Geotechnics in Infrastructure Development (GEOTIDE). Several academics, professional practitioners and researchers will exchange information of their success and failure stories in geotechnical engineering at the conference. 188 papers were contributed by enthusiastic authors, which find place in Volume I of the proceedings. Invited papers, containing those of 10 of plenary lectures and 15 theme lectures, are included in Volume II. All the authors will be given time to make their presentations, which will be facilitated by conducting parallel technical sessions. A CD of the proceedings, including the above papers and the text of the IGS annual lecture, has been also made.
We express our profound gratitude to the plenary speakers and the theme speakers for accepting our invitation and sending their papers promptly. We also thank the authors of the 188 papers contributed for the conference. We place on record our deep appreciation for the cooperation extended by the members of the faculty, non-teaching staff and the student volunteers of the R.V.R. & J.C. College of Engineering and the members of the Organizing Committee and the sub-committees, for their untiring efforts and commitment. We owe a great debt of gratitude to the members of the management of the R.V.R. & J.C. College of Engineering not only for their strong support and encouragement but also for hosting the conference.
Allied Publishers Pvt. Ltd. deserves kudos for doing a great job in bringing out the proceedings volumes and the CDs in time.
We sincerely hope that the proceedings volumes would enrich the knowledge of the readers and that the deliberations of the conference would enlighten the delegates.
Organizing Committee
IGC–2009
Contents
ix
CONTENTS
Organizing Committee ....................................................................................................................................... v
Preface ............................................................................................................................................................... vii
Theme 1: Characterization and Site Investigation of Soils
1. Constitutive Model for Considering Time Effects in Clay Soils ..................................................................Sandeep Kumar Chouksey and G.L. Sivakumar Babu
3
2. Importance of Reliable Geotechnical Investigation for Safe and Economical .............................................Foundation Design of Civil Structures
B.V. Sushma
7
3. Characterization of Soil over Kolkata Municipal Area .................................................................................Diptendra Das and B.C. Chattopadhyay
11
4. Influence of Lime on Compaction Behaviour of Soils ..................................................................................Md. M. Hussain and S.K. Dash
15
5. Shear Strength Behaviour of Indian Fly Ashes Sujit Kumar Pal and Ambarish Ghosh
18
6. A Comparative Study on the Measured and Estimated Soil-Water Characteristic ......................................Curve of a Sandy Soil
C. Malaya and S. Sreedeep
23
7. Identification of Soil Clay Mineralogy by Free Swell Ratio Method ..........................................................K. Prakash, A. Sridharan, H.S. Prasanna and K. Manjunatha
27
8. Subgrade Soil Investigation for Designing of Whitetopping Overlays on Existing .....................................Flexible Pavement—A Case Study of Pune City, India
D.R. Jundhare, K.C. Khare and R.K. Jain
31
9. Application of GIS-GPS for Mapping Soil Index Properties ........................................................................Sumedh Yamaji Mhaske and Deepankar Choudhury
35
10. An Accelerated Column Test for Studying Sorption Property of Soil ..........................................................B. Poly, K.D. Chanchal and S. Sreedeep
40
11. Permeability Variation of Sodium Activated Bentonites .............................................................................Y. Sheela Evangeline, S. Vinod and A.K. Manju
43
12. A Common Collapse Test for Granular Materials.........................................................................................A. Trivedi, R. Pathak, R. Gupta
47
13. Integrating Geophysical Studies with Engineering Parameters for Seismic Microzonation.........................K.S. Rao, K.K. Gupta, G.W. Rathod and S.S. Trivedi
52
14. Study on Influence of Local Soil Conditions on Ground Motion Amplification ..........................................S. Senthamilkumar, C. Natarajan, K. Muthukumaran and K. Ilamparuthi
57
Contents
x
15. A Semi-Graphical Procedure Using Mohr’s Circle in Geotechnical Engineering ........................................S.K. Jain and K.K. Jain
62
16. Emperical Correlations of Compressibility of Marine Clays—A Review ....................................................Balla Satyanarayana and C.N.V. Satyanarayana Reddy
65
Theme 2: Tropical and Problematic Soils
1. XRD and SEM Studies of Chemically Treated Expansive Soil Subgrades ..................................................Srinivas Manchikanti and G.V.R. Prasada Raju
73
2. An Experimental Study of Flyash Columned Bed in Expansive Soil ...........................................................K. Ramu
77
3. Effect of Lime on Engineering Behaviour of Expansive Clays.....................................................................B.R. Phanikumar, C. Amshumalini and R. Karthika
80
4. Volume Change Behaviour of Expansive Clay-Sand Blends .......................................................................B.R. Phanikumar, C. Amshumalini and R. Karthika
84
5. Behavior of Expansive Clays Treated with Lime-Fly Ash Admixtures........................................................J.M. Kate
88
6. Appropriate Parameters for Prediction of Swelling Pressure of Expansive Clays ........................................Sudha Rani and K. Mallikarjuna Rao
92
7. Effect of Initial Surcharge on Swelling Characteristics ................................................................................B.R. Phanikumar, R.V. Mukherjee and V.L. Naveen
97
8. Constructing a Power Plant on Bentonite Deposits: Geotechnical Aspects .................................................Ravi Sundaram and Sanjay Gupta
101
9. Uplift behaviour of Granular Pile-Anchors during Shrinkage .....................................................................M. Muthukumar and B.R. Phanikumar
105
10. Heave Studies on Expansive Clays with Stabilized Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Cushion .....................A. Sreerama Rao, G. Sridevi and M. Rama Rao
109
Theme 3: Soil-Structure Interaction
1. Seismic Response Analysis of Nuclear Island Building................................................................................V. Jaya, G.R. Dodagoudar and A. Boominathan
115
2. Dynamic Analysis of Soil-Raft-Structure System.........................................................................................Venkatesh Kumar
119
3. Pile-Soil-Pile-Interaction due to Lateral Load...............................................................................................U.K. Nath and P.J. Hazarika
123
4. Analysing the Optimum Length of Tie Rod Anchor for a Berthing Structure .............................................P.V. Premalatha, K. Muthukumaran and P. Jeyabalan
127
5. Optimum Design of Piled Raft in Soft Clay—A Model Study .....................................................................S.P. Bajad and R.B. Sahu
131
6. Interaction Analyses of Soil-Raft-Frame—A Parametric Study ...................................................................D. Daniel Thangaraj and K. Ilamparuthi
135
7. Effect of Soil-Pile Interaction on Fixed Offshore Platform Behaviour .........................................................K.S. Arun and K. Muthukkumaran
139
Contents
xi
8. Parameters Influencing the Piles in the Marine Environment ......................................................................Y. Nanda Kishore, S. Narasimha Rao and J.S. Mani
144
Theme 4: Geotechnics for Transportation and Infrastructure
1. Effect of Lime-Fly Ash Stabilized Subgrade Roads and its Performance.....................................................Ravin M. Tailor and M.D. Desai
149
2. Seismic Earth Pressures on Reinforced Soil Retaining Structures................................................................Babloo Chaudhary and A. Murali Krishna
152
3. Laboratory Investigation of Use of Synthetic Fibers to Minimize Swell in Expansive Subgrades ..............Kameshwar Rao Tallapragada, Anuj Kumar Sharma and Tarulata Meshram
157
4. Remedial Measures for Lowering Ground Water Table at Pantnagar Airport .............................................U.K. Guru Vittal, P.S. Prasad and Sudhir Mathur
162
5. Study on Effect of Waste Tyres in Flexible Pavement System R.M. Subramanian and S.P. Jeyapriya
166
6. Geotechnical Factors Affecting Risk and Speed of Construction for Mtrs in Densely ................................Developed Urban Areas
L.J. Endicott
171
7. Effect of Lime on the Properties of Subgrade of Roads with Addition of Rice Husk Ash ..........................T.K. Roy, B.C. Chattopadhyay and S.K. Roy
175
8. Performance of Geogrid Reinforced Rubber Waste as Subgrade Material ...................................................V. Gobinath and V.K. Stalin
178
9. Study of Improvement in Properties of Soil by Addition of Polypropylene Fibers .....................................M.S. Dixit and S.H. Pawar
182
10. Bearing Resistance of Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil-Aggregate Systems ...................................................Asha M. Nair and G. Madhavi Latha
185
11. A Study on the Utilization of Recycled Concrete Aggregates (RCA) in Bituminous Concrete ...................M. Heeralal, P. Rathish Kumar, Y.V. Rao and V. Tulasi Shiva Kalyan
189
12. Investigations on Effect of Reinforcement in Planar and Fiber Forms on CBR Value of Sand ...................M.V.S. Sreedhar, T. Sathish, K. Kranthi Kumar and P. Krishna Pravallika
194
13. Investigations on the Role of Fines Content on CBR Value of Sand-Clay Mixtures ...................................M.V.S. Sreedhar, G. Madhavi, M. Nithya Sree, P. Rama Devi and G. Laxmi Bhavani
198
14. An Experimental Investigation on Coir Fiber and Fly Ash in Stabilized Mechanistic Pavements ...............A. Ramesh and M. Kumar
201
15. A Study of the CBR Behaviour of Low Density Polyethylene Waste Plastic Strip......................................R.K. Dutta, V. Gayathri and V.K. Sarda
205
16. Bridge Approach Settlements—An Issue due to Design or Construction Practices? ...................................Sireesh Saride, Anand J. Puppala and Ekarut Archeewa
210
Theme 5: Rock Engineering, Tunneling and Underground Constructions
1. Optimizing the use of in situ Rock in Underground Powerhouses ...............................................................V.V. Badareenarayana and R. Venugopala Rao
217
2. Surprises and Complications in Laboratory Assessment of Rock ................................................................Hasan Abdullah
221
Contents
xii
3. Construction of Underground Scale Pit at Essar Steel, Hazira—Dewatering and Consequences ................J.C. Shukla, K.M. Patel, N. Subbarao, Srinivas Karri and D.L. Shah
225
4. Interpretation of Shear Strength Parameters of Rock Mass ..........................................................................Rajbal Singh and D.V. Sarwade
229
5. Stress Measurement in Rock Mass ...............................................................................................................D.V. Sarwade, K.K. Mishra, V.K. Kapoor and Nripendra Kumar
233
6. Development of an Automated Large Scale Direct Shear Testing Machine for Rock .................................K.S. Rao, A.K. Shrivastava and Jattinder Singh
238
7. Shear Behaviour of Jointed Rock: A State of Art .........................................................................................A.K. Shrivastava and K.S. Rao
245
8. Rock Fall Prevention by Innovative Products and Technologies..................................................................A.D. Gharpure, M. Korulla and S.S. Khan
250
9. Ground Response Curves for Tunnels: An Experimental Study ..................................................................Mahendra Singh and Jaysing Choudhari
253
Theme 6: Geo-Environmental Engineering
1. Electrokinetic Extraction of Heavy Metals from Contaminated Soils Using Ammonium Citrate ...............P. Bala Ramudu and R.K. Srivastava
259
2. Development of a Model for Electrokinetic Study .......................................................................................Sasmita Sahoo, Bala Ramudu Paramkusam and R.K. Srivastava
263
3. Finite Difference Method for Computation of Sodium and Chloride Migration in Porous Media ..............Ritwik Chakraborty and Ambarish Ghosh
268
4. Index and Compaction Properties of Alkalies Treated Red Earth Contaminated with Acids ......................H.N. Ramesh and S.D. Venkataraja Mohan
272
5. Decontamination of Clay Using Electrokinetic Phenomena ........................................................................V.K. Stalin, C.A. Poornima and M.R. Nanda Gopalan
276
6. Studies on the Behaviour of Flyash Aggregate as Column Material in Soft Clay .......................................S. Vidhyalakshmi, V.K. Stalin and KE.A. Palaniappan
280
7. Effect of Sample Preparation on Coefficient of Consolidation of BC Soils .................................................V.G. Mutalik Desai and R.N. Herkal
284
8. Removal of Fluoride from Groundwater Using Broken Concrete Cubes as the Adsorbing Media ..............Kaushik Bandyopadhyay, Chandrima Goswami, Devaleena Chaudhuri Arunabha Majumdar and Amal. K. Misra
288
9. Influence of Geosynthetics on Costs of Landfills .........................................................................................Manoj Datta
292
10. Remediation of Hazardous Solid Waste from Titanium Industries...............................................................P.K. Jayasree, Y. Sheela Evangeline and K.J. Sudhir
296
11. Alternative Materials for Landfill Liners and Covers ...................................................................................M.R. Patil, S.S. Quadri and H. Lakshmikantha
301
12. A Study on the Geotechnical Properties of Battery Effluent —Black Cotton Soil Mixes ............................A.V. Narasimha Rao and M. Arif Ali Baig
304
13. Effect of Textile Effluent on Geotechnical Properties of Black Cotton Soil.................................................A.V. Narasimha Rao and P. Indiramma
308
Contents
xiii
14. Modification of Pond Ash by Surfactants .....................................................................................................L.S. Sowmiya, Kannaiah Chille, R. Reddy, K.K. Gupta and J.T. Shahu
312
15. Mitigation of Migration of Municipal Solid Waste Leachate Using GCLS in Papua New Guinea..............Moses Zakkam
316
16. Sorption and Leaching Characteristics of Heavy Metals through Clay.........................................................S.K. Singh
319
17. Effect of Admixtures on Clay Liner in Sorbing Nickel.................................................................................G.V.N. Reddy, K. Suresh and S. Bala Padmaja
323
Theme 7: Ground Improvement
1. Study of Radial Pore Water Pressure Dissipation during Consolidation Using ...........................................Plus & Band Shape Sand Drain
M.V. Shah and A.V. Shroff
329
2. Effect of Inclusion of Glass-Grid on Flexural Behavior of Cover Soil .........................................................A. Rawat, R.R. Rakesh and J.N. Mandal
333
3. Quantification of Change in Dry Unit Weight of Mechanically Stabilised Expansive ................................Soils Using Fly Ash
K. Mallikarjuna Rao and G.V. Rama Subbarao
338
4. Investigation on Behaviour of Soils Reinforced with Shredded Waste Tyres ..............................................V. Vinot and Baleshwar Singh
344
5. A Parametric Study of Behaviour of Granular Piles .....................................................................................Ifran Alam, B.R. Phanikumar and Sukamal Das
348
6. Use of Stabilized Flyash Layer in Flexible Pavement Construction .............................................................M. Anjan Kumar, G.V.R. Prasada Raju and D.S.V. Prasad
353
7. Concept of Underreamed Cemented Stone Columns for Soft Clay Ground Improvement...........................Y.S. Golait, V. Satyanarayana and S.S.V. Raju
356
8. Stabilization of Engine Oil Contaminated Soil Using Fly Ash .....................................................................Lok Priya Srivastava, P. Bala Ramudu and Arun Prasad
361
9. Laboratory Study on Reinforced Flyash Sub-bases........................................................................................D.S.V. Prasad, M. Anjan Kumar and G.V.R. Prasada Raju
366
10. A Model Study of Micropiles Subjected to Lateral Loading Condition........................................................Binu Sharma
371
11. Experimental Study on the Compressive Strength of Grouted Sand Column...............................................V. Samidurai and M. Muttharam
375
12. Experimental Study on Strength Behaviour of Cement Blended Soil-Fly Ash Mixtures .............................Ajanta Kalita and Baleshwar Singh
379
13. Regression Model for Prediction of Normal Stress at Failure of Reinforced Pond Ash ...............................Ashis Kumar Bera, Ambarish Ghosh and Amalendu Ghosh
384
14. Design and Characteristics of Polymer Based Sodium Silicate Grout ..........................................................L.S. Thakur, K.S. Shah, R. Murali, D.L. Shah and C.N. Murthy
388
15. Effect of Soil Composition on Electrokinetic Grouting ................................................................................L.S. Thakur, V.H. Padhiar and D.L. Shah
392
Contents
xv
36. Experimental and Numerical Investigations on the Behaviour of Geosynthetic ..........................................Encased Stone Columns
S. Murugesan and K. Rajagopal
480
37. Effect of Sample Thickness on Swelling Behaviour of Fiber-Reinforced Expansive Soils..........................B.R. Phanikumar, Abhijeet Kashliwal, Prasenjit Mahato and Raghu Thakur
485
38. Utilization of Solid Industrial Waste for Embankment Construction ...........................................................A. Ghosh, S.K. Jain, Dalip Kumar and Zameer Ahmed
489
39. Reinforced Zinc Slag Embankment for Jerosite Containment Pond .............................................................C.N.V. Satyanarayana Reddy, G. Vikram and K. Lenin
493
40. Suitability of Natural Fibres in Geotextile Applications ...............................................................................Mahuya Ghosh, P.K. Choudhury and Tapobrata Sanyal
497
41. Experimental Study on Stabilization of Black Cotton Soil with Stone Dust and Fibers...............................K. Suresh, V. Padmavathi and Apsar Sultana
502
42. Case Study for Ground Improvement Using PVD with Preloading for .......................................................Coal & Iron Ore Stackyard
Pallavi Bhosle and V.V. Vaishampayan
506
43. Ground Improvement Using Vibro Stone Columns—Capacity of Stone Column........................................Sandeep Bhosle and V.V. Vaishampayan
510
Theme 8: Geo-Hazards
1. Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment for Chennai .................................................................................G. Kalyan Kumar, U. Sreedhar and G.R. Dodagoudar
517
2. Seismic Passive Earth Pressure with Varying Shear .....................................................................................P. Ghosh and S. Kolathayar
522
3. Esimation of Site Amplification Factors for Guwahati City .........................................................................S.T.G. Raghu Kanth, J. Dixit and S.K. Dash
527
4. One Dimensional Ground Response Analysis of Coastal Soil Near .............................................................Naliya, Kutch, Gujarat
T.P. Thaker, K.S. Rao and K.K. Gupta
531
5. Comparative Study on Liquefaction Resistance of Sand and Silty Soil........................................................K. Rangaswamy, A. Boominathan and K. Rajagopal
536
6. Control Soil Erosion with Nature’s Own Products .......................................................................................Annapoorni Iyer and Minimol Korulla
541
7. Mapping Average Shear Wave Velocity for Ahmedabad Soil Sites: A Case Study.....................................S.S. Trivedi, K.S. Rao, K.K. Gupta and G.W. Rathod
545
8. Site Response Estimation for Seismic Risk Assessment of Belgaum Region L. Govindaraju, Nagangouda Patil and S.S. Quadri
548
9. Behaviour of an Open Type Berthing Structure under Earthquake...............................................................Condition—A Numerical Approach
M. Gokul Krishnan, D. Sathyanarayanan, I.P. Subha and K. Muthukkumaran
553
10. Design Aid for Permanent Sliding Displacement of Quay Wall ...................................................................S.K. Prasad and P. Nanjundaswamy
558
Contents
xvi
Theme 9: Case Studies
1. Construction of an Ash Pond with Waste Recycled Product, Fly Ash and Locally .....................................Available Soil—A Case Study
A.K. Choudhary, J.N. Jha and B.P. Verma
565
2. A Geomorphologic Appraisal of Patalganga Landslide on National ...........................................................Highway-58, Garhwal Himalaya, Uttaranchal
Kishor Kumar, P.S. Prasad, Shivashish Kimothi, J. Ganesh and Sudhir Mathur
569
3. Analysis and Design of Nailed Soil Wall—A Case Study ...........................................................................K. Premalatha, M. Muthu Kumar and D. Mohan Babu
574
4. Investigation into the Distress Failure of Structures at Manali, Chennai .....................................................A. Amala Raju Arul and K. Premalatha
578
5. Case Studies in Soil Nailing .........................................................................................................................G.L. Sivakumar Babu
582
6. Use of GPS for Subsidence Monitoring in the Indian Context—A Case Study............................................P.R. Patel, E.P. Rao and G. Venkatachalam
586
7. Estimation of Groundwater Resources in a Basin— A Case Study .............................................................G.N. Pradeep Kumar and P. Srinivas
590
8. Preserving the Samples of Sanfrancisco Bay Mud: A Case History ............................................................S.K. Jain and Atul Nanda
595
9. Stabilisation of Soil for Police Parade Grounds of Delhi Police Training School, Delhi .............................Jai Bhagwan, Kanwar Singh, P.S. Prasad and Sudhir Mathur
599
Theme 10: Numerical and Physical Modeling
1. Numerical Modeling Relevant to Ground Water Recharge Problem—Unconfined Aquifer .......................Pratima Patel and M.D. Desai
605
2. Behavior of an Angle Shaped Footing under Eccentric Inclined Loading ...................................................Dayanand P. Joshi and Hemant K. Mahiyar
609
3. Prediction of Compression Index Using Artificial Neural Networks ...........................................................V.G. Mutalik Desai, Veena V. Desai and D.H. Rao
614
4. Response of Anchor in Two-Phase Material under Uplift ...........................................................................K. Ilamparuthi and V. Shreni
618
5. Response of Footing on Sand Slopes ...........................................................................................................S.V. Anil Kumar and K. Ilamparuthi
622
6. Study of Seismically Induced Permanent Displacement of Gravity Retaining Wall ...................................A. Bhattacharjee and A. Murali Krishna
627
7. Soil Behaviour And Hyperbolic Model ........................................................................................................R.B. Arun Murugan and V.K. Stalin
632
8. Evaluation of Deformation Behaviour of Soil Barrier Subjected to Differential .........................................Settlements through Digital Image Analysis
S. Rajesh and B.V.S. Viswanadham
637
9. Prediction of Undrained Triaxial Test Results from Drained Tests: Discrete Element ................................Simulations Using PFC3D
S.D. Anitha Kumari and T.G. Sitharam
642
Contents
xvii
Theme 11: Shallow and Deep Foundations
1. Model Study of Vertical Piles Subjected to Central Inclined Loads ............................................................V.J. Thekadi and N.H. Joshi
647
2. Nonlinear Characteristics of the Pile-Soil System under Vertical Vibration ...............................................B. Manna and D.K. Baidya
652
3. Empirical Model for Settlement of Shallow Foundations of Alluvial Deposits ...........................................C.H. Solanki
656
4. Lateral Capacity of Piles in Liquefiable Soils ..............................................................................................A.S. Kiran, G. Ramasamy and B.K. Maheshwari
661
5. Lateral Response of 2 × 2 Pile Group under Combined Axial and Lateral Loading ....................................S. Karthigeyan and K. Rajagopal
665
6. Numerical Analysis of a Pile Subjected to Lateral Loads ............................................................................Mohammed Younus Ahmed and Satyam D. Neelima
669
7. Effect of Pile Layout on the Behaviour of Circular Piled Raft on Sand .......................................................V. Balakumar and K. Ilamparuthi
673
8. Socketing of Bored Piles in Rock .................................................................................................................B.R. Srinivasamurthy and K.L. Pujar
678
9. Study of Effect of Different Parameters on Bearing Capacity of Soil...........................................................M.S. Dixit and K.A. Patil
682
10. Some Observations and Experience with Pile Integrity Testing at Various Projects for Essar ....................J.C. Shukla, Srinivas Karri and D.L. Shah
686
11. Behaviour of Shallow Foundations over Soft Clay Dampers .......................................................................Singha Sanjib and Dey Ashim Kanti
691
12. Effect of Ground Movement on the Performance of Pile Foundation ..........................................................K. Ilamparuthi and R.K. Madhumathi
696
13. Dynamic Response of Model Footings Resting on Finite Saturated Sand under .........................................Vertical Vibrations
H.N. Ramesh, M.V. Raghavendrarao, M.T. Prathap Kumar and M. Asha
700
14. Behaviour of Laterally Loaded Piles in Layered Soil Deposits ....................................................................J. Sherin Nisha and M. Muttharam
705
15. Special Considerations in Marine Pile Design and Construction .................................................................P.S. Sengupta
709
16. Effect of L/D Ratio on Degradation of Capacity of Pile Subjected to Lateral .............................................Cyclic Load in Clay
S. Basak
712
17. Effect of Pile Configuration on Lateral Load Analysis of Pile Groups in Sand ...........................................Moinuddin Ahmed and D. Babu Rao
715
18. Flexural Analysis of Laterally Loaded Piles Using CPT and PMT Results: A Comparative Study ............P.K. Basudhar, A. Dey, S. Kundu, R. Singhal and A. Kumar
718
19. Parametric Study of Pile Group Subjected to Lateral Load Using ‘P–Y’ Analysis .....................................V.A. Sawant and H.S. Chore
723
20. Uplift Anchors in Cohesion-Less Soil—A Review ......................................................................................D.M. Dewaikar and V.B. Deshmukh
727
Contents
xviii
21. Equations for Effective Pile Length under Dynamic Lateral Loads .............................................................R. Ayothiraman and A. Boominathan
731
22. Influence of Pile Diameter on Effective Pile Length Under Earthquake Load ............................................R. Ayothiraman and G. Chandra Prakash
735
23. Lateral Displacement Response of Piles Installed in Near Surface Improved ..............................................Coarse-Grained Soils
V. Padmavathi, M.R. Madhav and E. Saibaba Reddy
739
24. Bearing Capacity of Foundations by Different Methods: A Case Study ......................................................B.N. Basak, R. Roy, S.P. Mukherjee and Sumit Kumar Biswas
743
25. Behaviour of Composite Piles under Lateral Load .......................................................................................Sindhuja Ganesh, Madhuri Murali, D.M. Varenya Kumar and K. Muthukkumaran
747
26. Uplift Capacity of Pile Groups Embedded in Sand ......................................................................................K. Shanker, P.K. Basudhar and N.R. Patra
750
Theme 12: Geotechnical Engineering Education and Professional Practice
1. Use of Mnemonics for Effective Teaching ...................................................................................................A.S. Nene and V.S. Landge
757
2. Role of IGS in Formulating Codes of Practice .............................................................................................S.V. Ramaswamy
760
3. Practice-Centric Geotechnical Education .....................................................................................................Hasan Abdullah
763
Theme 13: Field Instrumentation and Monitoring
1. Developments in Remote Monitoring and Analysis .....................................................................................V.M. Sharma
769
2. Field Instrumentation & Monitoring: Site Investigation of Soils in Typical Mutli Soil Terrains ................Rajiv Khatri, V.K. Shrivastava and Rajeev Chandak
774
Theme 14: Reliability and Risk Analysis
1. The Influence of Strain Localization and Phase on the Estimation of Earth Pressures ................................by Pseudo-Dynamic Method
B. Munwar Basha and G.L. Sivakumar Babu
779
2. Slope Instability and Risk Assessment of an Unstable Slope at Agrakhal, Uttarakhand .............................A. Ghosh, S. Sarkar, D.P. Kanungo, S.K. Jain, Dalip Kumar Anand Singh Kalura and Sandeep Kumar
783
3. Probabilistic Slope Analysis Considering Various Distributions for Factor of Safety .................................Gautam Bhattacharya, Md. Aminul Islam and Subroto Guha
787
Theme 15: Embankments, Dams and Slopes Stability
1. Seismic Analysis of an Embankment Dam Using Different Techniques .....................................................U.A. Shikhare, B.K. Maheshwari and D.K. Paul
793
2. Design, Construction And Performance of High Embankment on Soft Clay Deposits ...............................Avik Kumar Mandal, Pradyot Biswas and P. Jagannatha Rao
798
Contents
xiv
16. Stabilization of Soft Clay Using PVD’s by Combined Vacuum-Surcharge Pressures .................................S. Sakthiraja and K. Ilamparuthi
396
17. Tree-Root Grouting Method of Soil Improvement—A New Approach........................................................V.K. Stalin and N. Saranya
401
18. Chemically Activated Microfine Slag Cement Grouts..................................................................................Ketaki B. Patel, N.H. Joshi and P.A. Santvani
405
19. Effect of Admixtures on the Stabilization of Peat Soil from Sarawak ..........................................................M.R. Aminur, P.K. Kolay and S.N.L. Taib
410
20. Characterisation of Soil Water Characteristics Curve and its Use in Dewatering.........................................K. Premalatha and Pa. Suriya
415
21. Delayed Compaction Effects on the Behaviour of Stabilized Soils ..............................................................Sahaya Vincy and M. Muttharam
419
22. Performance of Geosynthetics in the Filtration of High Water Content ......................................................Waste Material
K. Ilamparuthi and T. Arun
423
23. Laboratory Investigation of Shedi Soil Stabilized with Pond Ash and Coir ................................................P. Suresh Praveen Kumar and K. Rajasekhar
428
24. Consolidation Behaviour of a Cement Stabilised Marine Soil ......................................................................I. Bushra and R.G. Robinson
431
25. Influence of Admixtures on Strength of Cement Grouted Soils....................................................................T.G. Santhosh Kumar, Benny Mathews Abraham Babu T. Jose and A. Sridharan
435
26. Application of Geosynthetics for Ground Improvement: An Overview .......................................................D.P. Gohil, C.H. Solanki and A.K. Desai
439
27. Effective Use of Coir Products in Ground Improvement .............................................................................P. Vinod and Ajitha B. Bhaskar
443
28. Ground Strengthening by Vibro-Stone Columns—A Case Study ...............................................................S.S. Basarkar, V. Panse and R.R. Wankhade
446
29. Efficacy of Densification Techniques for Bearing Capacity Improvement ..................................................N. Unnikrishnan and A.S. Johnson
451
30. Electro-Osmotic Consolidation Studies on Peat of North Sarawak ..............................................................Shenbaga R. Kaniraj and H.L. Huong
455
31. Effect of Sodium Salts on the Shrinkage Characteristics of Lime Treated ..................................................And Neyveli Fly Ash Treated Shedi Soil
H.N. Ramesh, H.S. Nanda and K.V. Manoj Krishna
459
32. Large Triaxial Tests on Fabric Reinforced and Cement Modified Marginal Soil.........................................G.V. Praveen and V. Ramana Murty
462
33. Behaviour of a Square Footing on Reinforced Soil: An Experimental Study...............................................D.M. Dewaikar, H.S. Chore, K.G. Gupta and G.S. Kame
467
34. Gabion Retaining Walls with Alternate Fill Materials ..................................................................................K.S. Beena and P.K. Jayasree
472
35. Effect of Lime Stabilisation on Single Pile Pullout Capacity........................................................................Denzil Fernandez and K. Muthukkumaran
476
Contents
xix
3. Collapse Height of Reinforced Embankments over Non-Homogeneous Soil with Oblique Pull .................V.K. Chakravarthi, K. Ramu and M.R. Madhav
803
4. Landslide Hazard Zonation Mapping in Gopeshwar, Pipalkoti and Nandprayag Areas of Uttarakhand......P.K. Deshpande, J.R. Patil, D.C. Nainwal and M.B. Kulkarni
808
Theme 16: Miscellaneous Topics
1. Laboratory CBR Values of Fly Ash under Different Conditions ..................................................................K. Bandyopadhyay and Sunanda Bhattacharjee
815
2. Demarcation of Groundwater Prospect Zones through RS and GIS Techniques in a Basin ........................G.N. Pradeep Kumar and P. Srinivas
818
3. Some Studies on Seepage Charactristic of Fly Ash from Ahmedabad..........................................................S.P. Dave and P.H. Shah
822
Author Index ......................................................................................................................................................... AI-1
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Preface
v
ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
Patron-in-Chief
Dr. K. Basavapunnaiah, President, R.V.R. & J.C. College of Engineering
Patron
Sri R. Gopalakrishna, Secretary & Correspondent, R.V.R. & J.C. College of Engineering
Dr. M. Gopalkrishna, Treasurer, R.V.R. & J.C. College of Engineering
Co-patron
Dr. P.S. Sankara Rao, Principal, R.V.R. & J.C. College of Engineering
Hon. Chairman
Dr. A. Sreerama Rao, Principal, V.S.L. Engineering College for Women, Kakinada
Chairman
Prof. K.S. Sairam, Head of Civil Engineering Department, R.V.R. & J.C. College of Engineering
Vice-Chairmen
Er. S. Govardhan Reddy, EE, PR, Guntur
Dr. V.A. Prasad, Structural Engineer, Guntur
Organizing Secretary
Prof. M. Rama Rao, R.V.R. & J.C. College of Engineering
Joint Organizing Secretaries
Prof. J. Kishore Babu, CIET, Guntur
Er. G.V. Seshagiri Rao, DEE, RWS, Guntur
Treasurer
Er. T. Ravindra Babu, R&B, Guntur
vi
Advisory Committee
Er. Mahavir Bidasaria, President, IGS Prof. S.R. Gandhi, IIT, Chennai
Er. Jai Bhagawan, Honorary Secy., IGS Prof. H.N. Ramesh, UVCE, Bangalore
Dr. Satyendra Mittal, IIT, Roorkee Prof. K. Rajagopal, IIT, Chennai
Prof. P.V. Sivapullaiah, IISc., Bangalore Er. B. Rajeswara Rao, ENC, RWS, A.P.
Prof. K.S. Rao, IIT, Delhi Dr. G.V.S. Suryanarayana Raju, CE, R&B, Hyderabad
Dr. Deva Pratap, NIT, Warangal Er. M.K. Rahman, ENC, Irrigation, A.P.
Er. I.S.N. Raju, CE., Irrigation, Hyderabad
Technical Committee
Prof. M.R. Madhav, JNTUH, Chairman Prof. T. Ramamurthy, IIT, Delhi
Prof. A. Sridharan, IISc., Bangalore Prof. A.V. Shroff, M.S. University, Baroda
Prof. K. Rajagopal, IIT, Madras Prof. G.V.R. Prasada Raju, JNTUK, Kakinada
Prof. S.R. Gandhi, IIT, Madras Prof. K. Nagendra Prasad, S.V.U, Tirupathi
Prof. B.R. Phani Kumar, VIT, Vellore Prof. K. Mallikarjuna Rao, S.V.U., Tirupathi
Dr. V. Ramana Murty, NIT, Warangal Dr. G. Madhavi Latha, IISc., Bangalore
Committee Chairmen
Website Management Er. Y. Narasimha Rao, D.E.E., P.R.
Registration Mr. M.L.N. Krishna Sai, Lecturer, R.V.R. & J.C. C.E.
Accommodation/Hospitality Dr. P. Ch. Sanjeeva Rao, Sr. Asst. Prof., R.V.R. & J.C. C.E.
Catering Committee Dr. P. Babu, Principal, KITS
Technical Sessions Dr. A. Sreerama Rao, Principal, V.S.L.E.C.W.
Publication Mr. P.V.S.M. Krishna, Asst. Prof., R.V.R. & J.C. C.E.
Finance Er. S. Govardhan Reddy, E.E., P.R. & Er. B. Sudhakara Babu, S.E., Irrigation
Press & Publicity Er. K.S.R. Kutumba Rao, Charted Engineer
Souvenir Er. G. Brahmaiah, D.E.E., P.R.
Transport Committee Mr. P. Srinivas, Asst. Prof., R.V.R. & J.C. C.E.
Exhibition Committee Mr. S.V. Satyanarayana, Lecturer, R.V.R. & J.C. C.E.
Cultural Programme Prof. J. Kishore Babu, CIET & Prof. K. Srinivas, R.V.R. & J.C. C.E.
Spouse Programme Smt. G. Sridevi, Asst. Prof., R.V.R. & J.C. C.E.
Preface
vii
PREFACE
The Indian Geotechnical Society has been conducting its annual conferences since 1960. The conference, presently being held in Guntur, is the forty-eighth. The Guntur Chapter of IGS, which is only seven years old, feels proud to organize the conference, IGC–2009. It is hosted by the R.V.R. & J.C. College of Engineering, Guntur, which is celebrating its Silver Jubilee.
The main theme of the conference is Geotechnics in Infrastructure Development (GEOTIDE). Several academics, professional practitioners and researchers will exchange information of their success and failure stories in geotechnical engineering at the conference. 188 papers were contributed by enthusiastic authors, which find place in Volume I of the proceedings. Invited papers, containing those of 10 of plenary lectures and 15 theme lectures, are included in Volume II. All the authors will be given time to make their presentations, which will be facilitated by conducting parallel technical sessions. A CD of the proceedings, including the above papers and the text of the IGS annual lecture, has been also made.
We express our profound gratitude to the plenary speakers and the theme speakers for accepting our invitation and sending their papers promptly. We also thank the authors of the 188 papers contributed for the conference. We place on record our deep appreciation for the cooperation extended by the members of the faculty, non-teaching staff and the student volunteers of the R.V.R. & J.C. College of Engineering and the members of the Organizing Committee and the sub-committees, for their untiring efforts and commitment. We owe a great debt of gratitude to the members of the management of the R.V.R. & J.C. College of Engineering not only for their strong support and encouragement but also for hosting the conference.
Allied Publishers Pvt. Ltd. deserves kudos for doing a great job in bringing out the proceedings volumes and the CDs in time.
We sincerely hope that the proceedings volumes would enrich the knowledge of the readers and that the deliberations of the conference would enlighten the delegates.
Organizing Committee
IGC–2009
Contents
ix
CONTENTS
Organizing Committee .......................................................................................................................................................... v
Preface .................................................................................................................................................................................. vii
Plenary Lectures
1. Negative Skin Friction on Piles ............................................................................................................................C.F. Leung
827
2. Recent Developments in Pile Foundations under Seismic Loading ......................................................................Shamsher Prakash and Vijay K. Puri
837
3. In-Elastic Response and Moment-Rotation Relationships of Foundations ..........................................................M.R. Madhav, V. Padmavathi and N. Saha
844
4. Improvement of Pond Ash with Prefabricated Vertical Drain .............................................................................G. Venkatappa Rao and Goutam Kumar Pothal
852
5. Seismic Soil Liquefaction Based on in situ Test Data ..........................................................................................T.G. Sitharam and K.S. Vipin
857
6. Evolution of Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering—from SPT Testing to Performance Based Design ...........S.P. Gopal Madabhushi
865
7. Experience with Expansive Soils and Shales in and around Chennai ..................................................................S.V. Ramaswamy and I.V. Anirudhan
873
8. Geotechnical Aspects of Dam Safety and Foundation Problems .........................................................................G.N. Gandhi
882
9. Geotechnical Considerations of Natural Disasters and their Investigation ..........................................................Nitin Som
889
10. Geotechnical Engineering in Indian Construction Industry .................................................................................K.S. Rama Krishna
897
Theme Lectures
1. Expansive Soils—Problems and Remedies ..........................................................................................................B.R. Phanikumar
907
2. Pile Soil Interaction—Moment Area Method ......................................................................................................D.M. Dewaikar, P.A. Patil and J. Dixit
914
3. Ground Response and Support Measures for Pir Panjal Tunnel in the Himalayas ..............................................K.S. Rao
920
4. Stability Analysis of a Jointed Rock Slope in Himalayas ....................................................................................G. Madhavi Latha
926
5. Effects of Soil Pollution on Geotechnical Behaviour of Soils .............................................................................P.V. Sivapullaiah
933
6. Coir Geotextiles as Separation and Filtration Layer for Low Intensity Road Bases ............................................K. Rajagopal and S. Ramakrishna
941
7. Model Studies on Geofiber-Reinforced Soil ........................................................................................................B.V.S. Viswanadham
947
Contents
x
8. Construction of Bored Cast-in-Situ Piles Using Rotary Drilling Procedure—A Case Study ..............................I.V. Anirudhan
954
9. Risk and Reliability Analysis of Stability of Earthen Dams ................................................................................G.L. Sivakumar Babu and Amit Srivastava
961
10. Review of Pseudo-Dynamic Design Approach for Waterfront Retaining Structures ..........................................Subjected to Earthquake and Tsunami
Deepankar Choudhury
968
11. Effect of Sulphate Content in Soils as a Potential Geohazard ..............................................................................H.N. Ramesh
975
12. Transportation and Infrastructural Development .................................................................................................S.K. Das
980
13. Monitoring as a Tool In Geotechnical Practice ....................................................................................................N. Kumar Pitchumani
983
14. Characterisation of Response of Circular Piled Raft Tested in Sand ...................................................................K. Ilamparuthi and V. Balakumar
989
15. Interpretation of Tunnel Instrumentation Data .....................................................................................................Manoj Verman
996
Author Index .................................................................................................................................................................AI-1
