INDIAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION,

DENTAL COUNCIL OF INDIA AND

WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION

GUIDED BY:

Dr. AWADHESH SINGH

Dr. ABHAY

PRESENTED BY: Dr. ANANT AGARWAL INTERN

INDIAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION

INDEX: 1). INTRODUCTION 2). OBJECTIVES OF IDA 3). FUNCTIONS OF IDA 4). MEMBERSHIP OF IDA 5). PRIVILAGES OF IDA MEMBERSHIP 6). OFFICE BEARER OF IDA 7). MANAGEMENT OF THE ASSOCIATION 8). FUNCTION OF THE CENTRAL COUNCIL OF IDA 9). RECEIPTS AND EXPEDDITURE OF THE ASSOCIATION10). ANNUAL GENERAL METTING OF THE ASSOCIATION 11). THE ANNUAL CONFERENCE 12). RESPONSIBILITIES AND FUNCTION OF IDA

INDIAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION

INTRODUCTION:IDA was formed in the year 1949

Also known as ALL INDIA DENTAL ASSOCIATION before the pass of Indian dentist act 1948

The association was registered in Delhi in 1967 with Reg. No: S/265.

OBJECTIVES OF IDA

The main objective of ida are:

1).Promotion, encouragement and advancement of dental and allied science.

2). To encourage the members for the improvement of public health and education in india.

3). The maintenance of the honour and dignity and the upholding of interests of the dental profession and co-operation between the members there of.

FUNCTIONS OF IDA Advancing the oral health of all people and supporting the most rigorous

levels of science to meet the challenges of the changing needs of society and promoting the well-being of the nation.

Preventing oral diseases to improve oral health by promoting oral health awareness and the dissemination of oral health information.

 Conducting CDE and professional development programs to ensure an adequate number of talented, skilled and well-prepared members to render services to the public.

Coordinating and assisting in relevant scientific and research- related activities among all sectors of the dental community;

Promoting the timely transfer of knowledge gained from research and its implications on health to the public, oral health professionals, and policy- makers.

STRUCTURE OF THE ASSOCIATION

ie. Branches are situated either at district head quarters or in other places in the district

ie. Branches which have their headquaters within their respective state and are made up of various local branches within the state as their units

LOCAL BRANCHES STATE BRANCHES

MEMBERSHIP OF IDA

DENTAL PRACTITIONERS REGISTERED UNDER DENTIST ACT 1948 ARE ELIGIBLE TO BECOME A MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION

In India where dentist act is not forced and no registration has been taken place, members of dental profession eligible to be registered under part A are also considered.

Membership is catagories into:

MEMBERS

PRIVILAGES OF IDA MEMBERSHIP

All the members shall be supplied with a copy of the journal and such other publication of the association free of cost.

All members can use the library and association rooms if any.

All members have the right to attend take part in discussion in all general meeting, Lectures and demonstration or conferences organized by association.

All members shall enjoy any other privilage that may be conferred by the central council.

OFFICE BEARERS OF IDA

For proper management of association following office bearers are elected.

1)One President.2)One President – elect.3)Three Vice- President.4)One Honorary General Secretary.5) One Honorary Joint Secretary.6)One Honorary Assistant Secretary.7)One Honorary Treasurer.8)One Editor Of The Journal O The IDA.9)One Chairman Of The Council On Dental Health (CDH).10) One Honorary Secretary Of The Council On Dental Health (CDH).

MANAGEMENT OF THE ASSOCIATION

The general management of association shall be visited in a “central council”.

Central council is composed of following members of associationA). OFFICE BEARERS

1)The President2)The President- elec3)The Three Vice- President.4)The Honorary General Secretary.5) The Honorary Joint Secretary.6)The Honorary Assistant Secretary.7) The Honorary Treasurer.7)The Editor Of The Journal O The IDA.8)The Chairman Of The Council On Dental Health (CDH).9) The Honorary Secretary Of The Council On Dental Health (CDH).

MANAGEMENT OF THE ASSOCIATION

A). MEMBERS WITHOUT PORTFOLIOS:

1) Immediate past president.

2) Representative from the state branches.

FUNCTIONS OF THE CENTRAL COUNCIL OF IDA

The function of central council is to direct and regulate general affairs of the association .The council is also given following powers also:

A). To, frame alter or repeal rules and bye laws of the association, subject to approval of the annual general meetings of the association.

B). To appoint committee or sub committees and standing committes as deemed necessary by the council.

C). To consider and decide application for direct membership, the resignation of member and the question of taking disciplinary action against any member or branch.D). To write off the whole or part of arrears of d use against any individual members or a branch of other outstanding.

E). To appoint or remove salaried officers and servant of the association.

F). One of the important functions of the council is to represent to government, public bodies or any constituted authority, for any matter in which the interests of the association or the dental profession are affected .

FUNCTIONS OF THE CENTRAL COUNCIL OF IDA

G). All properties of the asssociation is under the control of central council, ie,. all transaction and management of these properties are to be carried out by the central council only.

H). Fund raising – Investment of association money are looked after by the central council.

I). In case of dispute between any two members or branches, it shall be reffered to a tribunal appointed by the central council. The tribunal consist of three members of the parties, a third member is either the one accepted by both contesting parties or the one appointed by the central council.

RECEIPTS AND EXPEDDITURE OF THE ASSOCIATION

The source of income is derived from:

The subscription of members.

Central fund contribution or donation by branches.

Income derived from the journal and other publication of association, contribution received on account or organizing Indian dental conference.

Funds are utilized

To carry out working of association.

For journal and other publication.

For scientific investigation

For Conference, Prizes, Scholarships

ANNUAL GENERAL METTING OF THE ASSOCIATION

It is held once in a year usually in the month of December.

The business to be translated at the annual general meeting :

A). The election of chairman (if necessary).B). Adoption of the annual report for the previous year.C). Adoption of the audited of the previous year.D). Any other motion for changes in the order of businessF). Election of an auditor.G). Election of office bearer and other election resolution brought forward by the central council, state branches, local branches, and individual member.

THE ANNUAL CONFERENCE

The annual conferences are organized by the association as deciede by the Central council.

All members can attend the conference.

In conference prizes and gifts are given out for members elected for their outstanding performance.

Topic discussed

Latest advancement in the field of dentistryCurrent problems concerning dentistry about Dental professionals

RESPONSIBILITIES AND FUNCTION OF IDA

Protect the public from the unethical treatment from unqualified dentists.

To protect and safegaurd and regularising the practice of dentistry in country

Organizing dental health camps in rural areas

DCI WAS FORMED ON 12TH APRIL 1949, AS PER DENTIST ACT 1948

DENTAL COUNCIL OF INDIA

DCI

COMPOSITION OF DCI

1). One registered dentist possessing a recognized dental qualification elected by dentist registered in part “A”, of each state.

2). One member elected from amongst themselves by the member of the MCI of India.

3). Not more than four members elected from among themselves by principles, deans, director, vice-principals of dental colleges in the state training students for recognized dental qualification, provided that not more than one member shall be elected from the same dental college, and Head of dental wings of medical colleges in the state training

student for recognized dental qualification.

COMPOSITION OF DCI

4). One member from each university established by law which grants a recognized dental qualification.

5). One member to represent each state to be nominated by the Govn. Of each state.

6). Six member nominated by central Govn.

7). Director general of health services (ex- officio)

FUNCTION AND RESPONSIBILITIES

FUNCTIONS OF DCI:1). Maintenance of standard of dental education. 2). Register qualified dentist. 3). Eliminate quacks from the field.

RULES AND REGULATIONMaintenance of minimum education standard for the B.D.S degree.Minimum physical requirement of a dental college.Minimum staff pattern for the U.G dental studies in colleges with 40, 60, &100 number of admission.Basic qualification and teaching experience required to teach BDS & MDS students.General establishment of dental facilities, its duration of course, select on of student.

FUNCTION AND RESPONSIBILITIES

Migration and transfer rules for student.Regulation of scheme of exam for BDS and MDS

DENTAL CURRICULUM: Time and subject specification to clinical Programme and field programme,Syllabus etc.

Established on 7 April 1948, with headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland and is a member of the United Nations Development Group.

WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION

WHO

WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION

The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) that is concerned with international public health.

The constitution of the World Health Organization had been signed by all 61 countries of the United Nations by 22 July 1946, with the first meeting of the World Health Assembly finishing on 24 July 1948.

WHO has been responsible for playing a leading role in the eradication of smallpox. Its current priorities include communicable diseases, in particular, HIV/AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis; the mitigation of the effects of non-communicable diseases; sexual and reproductive health, development, and ageing; nutrition, food security and healthy eating; substance abuse; and drive the development of reporting, publications, and networking.

WHO is responsible for the World Health Report, a leading international publication on health, the worldwide World Health Survey, and World Health Day.

Establishment of the World Health OrganizationHistory: The League of Nations Health Organization was established following the First World

War inside the League of Nations framework.

Its efforts were hampered by the Second World War, during which UNRRA also played a role in international health initiatives.

During the United Nations Conference on International Organization, references to health had been incorporated into the United Nations Charter.

In February 1946, the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations helped draft the constitution of the new body. The use of the word "world", rather than "international", emphasised the truly global nature of what the organization was seeking to achieve.

The constitution of the World Health Organization had been signed by all 61 countries by 22 July 1946, which an article in Science described as "an historic day"

Its constitution formally came into force on the first World Health Day on 7 April 1948

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Operational history

WHO established an epidemiological information service via telex in 1947, and by 1950 a mass tuberculosis inoculation drive (using the BCG vaccine) was under way.

In 1955, the malaria eradication programme was launched, although it was later altered in objective. 1965 saw the first report on diabetes mellitus and the creation of the International Agency for Research on Cancer.

The Expanded Programme on Immunization was started in 1974, as was the control programme into onchocerciasis – an important partnership between the Food and Agriculture Organization, the United Nations Development Programme, and World Bank.

In the following year, the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases was also launched.

The first list of essential medicines was drawn up in 1977, and a year later the ambitious goal of "health for all" was declared. In 1986, WHO started it global programme on the growing problem of HIV/AIDS, followed two years later by additional attention on preventing discrimination against sufferers and UNAIDS was formed in 1996. The Global Polio Eradication Initiative was established in 1988.

Operational history In 1958, Professor Viktor Zhdanov, Deputy Minister of Health for the USSR, called on the World Health Assembly to undertake a global initiative to eradicate smallpox, resulting in Resolution WHA11.54. At this point, 2 million people were dying from smallpox every year. In 1967, the World Health Organization intensified the global smallpox eradication by contributing $2.4 million annually to the effort and adopted a new disease surveillance method.

After over two decades of fighting smallpox, the WHO declared in 1980 that the disease had been eradicated – the first disease in history to be eliminated by human effort.

The Measles initiative was formed in 2001, and credited with reducing global deaths from the disease by 68% by 2007.

In 2002, The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria was drawn up to improve the resources available.

In 2006, the organization endorsed the world's first official HIV/AIDS Toolkit for Zimbabwe, which formed the basis for a global prevention, treatment and support plan to fight the AIDS pandemic.

CURRENT PROJECT

The WHO's constitution states that its objective "is the attainment by all people of the highest possible level of health.“

WHO identifies its role as one of six main objectives:

• Providing leadership on matters critical to health and engaging in partnerships where joint action is needed;

• Shaping the research agenda and stimulating the generation, translation and dissemination of valuable knowledge;

• Setting norms and standards and promoting and monitoring their implementation;• Articulating ethical and evidence-based policy options;

• Providing technical support, catalyzing change, and building sustainable institutional capacity; and

• Monitoring the health situation and assessing health trends.

CURRENT PROJECT

The 2012–2013 budget further identified thirteen areas among which funding was distributed:

•To reduce the health, social and economic burden of communicable diseases

•To combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis

•To prevent and reduce disease, disability and premature death from chronic noncommunicable diseases, mental disorders, violence and injuries[19] and visual impairment

•To reduce morbidity and mortality and improve health during key stages of life, including pregnancy, childbirth, the neonatal period, childhood and adolescence, and improve sexual and reproductive health[20] and promote active and healthy ageing for all individuals

•To reduce the health consequences of emergencies, disasters, crises and conflicts, and minimize their social and economic impact

•To promote health and development, and prevent or reduce risk factors for health conditions associated with use of tobacco,[21] alcohol, drugs and other psychoactive substances, unhealthy diets and physical inactivity[22] and unsafe sex

CURRENT PROJECT•To address the underlying social and economic determinants of health through policies and programmes that enhance health equity and integrate pro-poor, gender responsive, and human rights-based approaches.

•To promote a healthier environment, intensify primary prevention and influence public policies in all sectors so as to address the root causes of environmental threats to health

•To improve nutrition, food safety and food security throughout the life-course and in support of public health and sustainable development

•To improve health services through better governance, financing, staffing and management, informed by reliable and accessible evidence and research

•To ensure improved access, quality and use of medical products and technologies•To provide leadership, strengthen governance and foster partnership and collaboration with countries, the United Nations system, and other stakeholders in order to fulfil the mandate of WHO in advancing the global health agenda

•To develop and sustain WHO as a flexible, learning organization, enabling it to carry out its mandate more efficiently and effectively

DATA HANDLING AND PUBICATION

The organization relies on contributions from renowned scientists and professionals to inform its work, such as the:

1) WHO Expert Committee on Biological Standardization2) WHO Expert Committee on Leprosy, and 3) WHO Study Group on Interprofessional Education & Collaborative Practice.

WHO has also worked on global initiatives in surgery, including emergency and essential surgical care, trauma care, and safe surgery. The WHO Surgical Safety Checklist is in current use worldwide in the effort to improve patient safety.

WHO runs the Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research, targeted at improving health

policy and systems The World Health Organization works to provide the needed health and

well-being evidencethrough a variety of data collection platforms, including the World Health

Survey covering almost400,000 respondents from 70 countries, and the

Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE)covering over 50,000 persons over 50 years old in 23 countries

Data handling and publications

The WHO Assessment Instrument for Mental Health Systems (WHO-AIMS), the WHO Quality of Life Instrument (WHOQOL), and the Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) provide guidance for data collection.

Collaborative efforts between WHO and other agencies, such as through the Health Metrics Network, also aim to provide sufficient high-quality information to assist governmental decision making. WHO promotes the development of capacities in member states to use and produce research that addresses their national needs, including through the Evidence-Informed Policy Network (EVIPNet). The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO/AMRO) became the first region to develop and pass a policy on research for health approved in September 2009.

Data handling and publications

The organization develops and promotes the use of evidence-based tools, norms and standards to support member states to inform health policy options. It oversees the implementation of the International Health Regulations, and publishes a series of medical classifications:

A. International Statistical Classification of Diseases (ICD), B. International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and the C. International Classification of Health Interventions (ICHI).

Other international policy frameworks produced by WHO include theA. International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes (adopted in 1981),B. Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (adopted in 2003) and theC. Global Code of Practice on the International Recruitment of Health Personnel (adopted in

2010). The WHO regularly publishes a World Health Report, its leading publication, including an expert assessment of a specific global health topic.

Other publications of WHO include the Bulletin of the World Health Organization,A. the Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal (overseen by EMRO),B. the Human Resources for Health (published in collaboration with BioMed Central),andC. the Pan American Journal of Public Health (overseen by PAHO/AMRO).

MEMBERSHIP IN WHO

The membership in WHO is open to all countries, with non-self-governing territories as associated member.

In 1948, WHO had only 56 member countries.

At the beginning of 1961, the organization had 105 full members and 4 associated members. By the end of the year1987, Who had 166 member state and one associated member.

Financing and partnerships

The WHO is financed by contributions from member states and outside donors.

As of 2012, the largest annual assessed contributions from member states came from the United States ($110 million), Japan ($58 million), Germany ($37 million), United Kingdom ($31 million) and France ($31 million).

The combined 2012–2013 budget has proposed a total expenditure of $3,959 million, of which $944 million (24%) will come from assessed contributions. This represented a significant fall in outlay compared to the previous 2009–2010 budget, adjusting to take account of previous under spends.

Assessed contributions were kept the same. Voluntary contributions will account for $3,015 million (76%), of which $800 million is regarded as highly or moderately flexible funding, with the remainder tied to particular programmes or objectives.