INDEPENDENT EVALUATION OF A FULLY INTEGRATED NEXT...

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SUMMARY • The QuantideX ® NGS RNA Lung Cancer Kit* is a research tool for analyzing recurrent gene fusions, MET exon 14 skipping and gene expression in lung cancer specimens. • The kit demonstrated concordant results across two laboratories using 30 total nucleic acid (TNA) isolates derived from clinically-relevant specimens such as FFPE tumor biopsies. • Agreement was also achieved for 8 residual clinical FFPE samples comparing the QuantideX NGS RNA Lung Cancer Kit* and FISH. • Results comparing the QuantideX NGS RNA Lung Cancer Kit* and the nCounter ® Vantage Lung Gene Fusion Panel were in agreement for both the original cohort and residual FFPE samples. INDEPENDENT EVALUATION OF A FULLY INTEGRATED NEXT-GENERATION SEQUENCING TECHNOLOGY FOR THE ACCURATE DETECTION OF ONCOGENIC RNA FUSIONS AND ABERRANT SPLICING EVENTS IN LUNG CANCER Richard Blidner 1 , Brian C Haynes 1 , Andrew Hadd 1 , Shobha Gokul 1 , Maria L Aguirre 2 , Gary J Latham 1 , and Léon C van Kempen 2 1 Asuragen, Inc., Austin, TX, 2 The Molecular Pathology Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada INTRODUCTION RNA fusions and splice variants, such as MET exon 14 skipping, are recognized as important therapeutic targets in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and a growing number of other solid tumors. Despite the emerging importance of these targets to cancer research, NGS assays that analyze RNA markers currently lag behind DNA sequencing efforts in workflow efficiency and in the rigor of analytical performance evaluations. We present a new targeted RNA-Seq Lung Cancer assay that can report 107 known oncogenic gene fusions, MET exon 14 skipping, 26 expression markers, and 5 imbalance markers for novel fusion detection using a streamlined sample-to-answer workflow. MATERIALS AND METHODS The QuantideX NGS RNA Lung Cancer Kit* was evaluated at Asuragen (Austin, TX) and Jewish General Hospital (Montreal, QC, Canada). A set of 30 samples derived from banked tumors and cell lines plus two controls were analyzed at Asuragen using the MiSeq ® System (Illumina) and used over three study phases. An additional set of FFPE-derived residual clinical research samples that were previously annotated by FISH were evaluated in the final study phase. A subset of samples were also evaluated using the nCounter Vantage Lung Gene Fusion Panel (NanoString Technologies; The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics (2014) 16(2):229-43). CONCLUSIONS • An independent laboratory was trained to proficiency in two days using the QuantideX NGS RNA Lung Cancer Kit*. • The kit workflow, from sample to sequencer, can be completed in about 9 hours. • High inter-operator, and intra- and inter-run reproducibility, was achieved at two different sites with FFPE samples using inputs down to <10 ng. • NGS fusion results were in 100% agreement with ALK and ROS1 translocation calls from orthogonal assays performed with 23 FFPE samples. Figure 1. QuantideX NGS RNA Lung Cancer Kit* content. The panel covers 107 recurrent gene fusions including ALK, RET and ROS1, MET ex14 skipping, 23 mRNA markers of prognostic and theranostic value and 3 internal control mRNA markers. Figure 2. Overview of QuantideX NGS RNA Lung Cancer Kit* from wet lab to dry bench analytics. The workflow is designed to minimize the number of steps, operator hands-on-time, and overall turn-around-time. Time-Motion Analysis shows both operator hands-on-time and instrument time. The bundled QuantideX ® Reporter software package runs locally on a standard computer. Table 1. Jewish General Hospital NGS results compared to Asuragen sample annotations. Out of 64 libraries performed at Jewish General Hospital, 63 yielded the expected calls both for mutation and imbalance status (after resolving contamination events in reproducibility set 2). One sample failed analysis, which was identified at the QC step (not shown). Table 2. Summary of QuantideX NGS RNA Lung Cancer Kit* FFPE sample agreement with orthogonal methods. Samples identified as fusion positive by either FISH (8 residual clinical samples) or NanoString (8 residual clinical samples + 15 Asuragen subset samples) demonstrated 100% agreement for fusion-positive calls. Imbalances for two samples (*) were not called but were near the positive threshold. One sample ( ) was near threshold for an ALK imbalance for both NanoString and NGS technologies. *Research Use Only – Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures Preliminary research data. The performance characteristics of this assay have not yet been established. Presented at AMP 2016 - S19 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 ERL01 ERL02 ERL03 ERL04 ERL05 ERL06 ERL07 ERL08 ERL09 ERL10 ERL11 ERL12 ERL13 ERL14 ERL15 ERL16 ERL17 ERL18 ERL19 ERL20 ERL21 ERL22 ERL23 ERL24 ERL25 ERL26 ERL27 ERL28 ERL29 ERL30 NTC PosCtrl Functional Copies Functional Copies Input per Library Preparation Phase II: Concordance Asuragen Jewish General 125 ng…….…..9 ng l l e C Lines FFPE Titration 4 0 0 2 0 0 10,000 100,000 1,000,000 1,000 100 ERL01 ERL02 ERL07 ERL08 ERL09 ERL11 ERL12 ERL13 ERL15 ERL16 ERL17 ERL18 ERL19 ERL20 Cell Lines FFPE Titration 10 Number Reads Passing Filter Coverage of Positive Target Phase II: Concordance Asuragen Jewish General ALK ALK ALK ALK ALK ALK ALK ALK ALK ALK ALK MET e13:e15 FGFR3 ROS1 RESULTS Figure 4. Quantification of both the RNA functional copy number and the on-target coverage for fusions and splice events was consistent between sites. A) Comparison of the functional copy input measured using the QuantideX RNA Assay (Lung). Results were consistent between sites (1.4-fold mean difference with a standard deviation of 0.5-fold). B) Comparison of the on-target coverage for each of the positive samples. Results were consistent between sites (1.1-fold mean difference with a standard deviation of 0.9-fold). Even coverage across titration series libraries demonstrated successful normalization and pooling. 4A 4B Panel Content * *Content sourced from: NCCN Guidelines, customer needs, COSMIC, Clinicaltrials.gov, publications & other databases. mRNA Expression Targets ALK ROS1 RET NTRK1 PDGFRA 3'/5' Imbalance 3' Fusion Genes # of Fusions ALK 53 ROS1 22 RET 12 FGFR3 7 NTRK3 3 NTRK1 4 NRG1 2 FGFR1 1 FGFR2 1 MBIP 1 PDGFRA 1 11 fusion genes– 107 known and relevant fusion products Exon Skipping Event MET e13:e14 MET e14:e15 MET e13:e15 ABCB1 BRCA1 CD274 (PDL1) CDKN2A CTLA4 ERCC1 ESR1 FGFR1 FGFR2 IFNGR ISG15 MET MSLN PDCD1 PDCD1LG2 (PDL2) PTEN RRM1 TDP1 TERT TLE3 TOP1 TUBB3 TYMS Endogenous Ctrls. Figure 3. Summary of the site evaluation study design. The study was designed with three phases for NGS evaluation: Training (8 libraries), Proficiency & Concordance (32 libraries), and Reproducibility & Method Concordance (16 libraries in duplicate plus additional evaluator libraries). Specifically, Jewish General Hospital was trained within two days, and they achieved a successful proficiency run in the second phase (Table 1). A subset of samples were evaluated by NanoString’s Vantage Lung Gene Fusion Panel. Eight additional samples that were previously annotated by FISH were evaluated using both systems (Table 2). Analysis of mRNA expression was not part of this evaluation. Core 8 Samples Training 2 control samples (non-template control and a sample harboring a synthetic fusion target) 2 fusion-positive samples derived from 2 unique FFPE specimens 32 Concordance Samples (with Core 8) 16 Reproducibility Samples (1/2 of Concordance + 8 Residual Clinical Samples) Proficiency/Concordance 13 Fusion Positive Samples (ALK, ROS1, FGFR3) derived from 5 unique FFPE specimens and 2 cell lines 1 cMET exon 14 aberrant spice event (cell line-derived) 6-point series of a fusion positive sample titrated down to ~9 ng mass input (Qubit) Reproducibility/Method Comparison 7 Fusion Positive Samples (ALK, ROS1, FGFR3) derived from 5 unique FFPE specimens and 2 cell lines 1 cMET exon 14 aberrant spice event (cell line-derived) 8 FISH annotated samples derived from residual clinical FFPEs Time-Motion Analysis 8 Libraries 9 Hours from Sample to Sequencer SAMPLE QC TARGET ENRICHMENT LIBRARY PURIFICATION LIBRARY QT NORM/ POOLING TOTAL RT ASURAGEN 12 min 17 min 28 min 10 min 20 min 20 min 107 min 60 min 90 min 195 min 0 min 90 min 0 min 435 min NGS Reporter Analytics and Reporting RT Copy Number Readout Gene-Specific PCR Fusion Pos Ctrl Barcode Tagging (Dual index) Sequencing Primers Included for Post-Library Purification qPCR Library Quantification Bead Library Purification Push-Button Analytics and Reporting Suite Sequencing Sample QC cDNA Quantification Single-Tube Gene-Specific PCR Library Prep Sample Indexing and Sequencing Primers Library Purification and Quantification Reverse Transcription Reverse Transcription RNA Assay (Lung) NGS Lung Cancer Panel NGS Codes NGS Library Pure Prep & Quant Asuragen Annotations Concordance (32) Reproducibility Set 1 (16) Reproducibility Set 2 (16) Sample ID Source Mutation Status Imbalance Status Expected Fusion Expected Imbalance Met e13:e15 Expected Fusion Expected Imbalance Met e13:e15 Expected Fusion Expected Imbalance Met e13:e15 NTC Control Neg Neg none none none none none none none none none Pos Control Synthetic ALK Neg none none none none none none ERL1 FFPE EML4:ALK ALK none none none ERL2 FFPE EML4:ALK ALK none none Failed Failed Failed ERL3 FFPE Neg Neg none none none none none none none none none ERL4 FFPE Neg Neg none none none none none none none none none ERL5 FFPE Neg Neg none none none none none none none none none ERL6 FFPE Neg Neg none none none none none none none none none ERL7 FFPE EML4:ALK ALK none none none ERL8 FFPE EML4:ALK ALK none none none ERL9 FFPE EML4:ALK ALK none none none ERL10 FFPE Neg Neg none none none none none none none none none ERL11 Cell MET e13:e15 Neg none none none none none none ERL12 Cell FGFR3:TACC3 Neg none none none none none none ERL13 Cell SLC32A2:ROS1 ROS1 none none none ERL14 FFPE Neg Neg none none none Expected fusions, imbalance and splice variant calls were accurately called in 63 of 64 libraries One library, ERL2, failed both QC and NGS for Reproducibility Set 2 Samples had low coverage false positive contaminants that were resolved based on plate position ERL15 FFPE EML4:ALK ALK none ERL16 FFPE EML4:ALK ALK none ERL17 FFPE EML4:ALK ALK none ERL18 FFPE EML4:ALK ALK none ERL19 FFPE EML4:ALK ALK none ERL20 FFPE EML4:ALK ALK none ERL21 FFPE Neg Neg none none none ERL22 FFPE Neg Neg none none none ERL23 FFPE Neg Neg none none none ERL24 FFPE Neg Neg none none none ERL25 FFPE Neg Neg none none none ERL26 FFPE Neg Neg none none none ERL27 FFPE Neg Neg none none none ERL28 FFPE Neg Neg none none none ERL29 FFPE Neg Neg none none none ERL30 FFPE Neg Neg none none none Concordance with Orthogonal Test Methods Sample ID FISH NanoString Vantage Calls Asuragen QuantideX Fusion Calls Fusion Concordance Asuragen QuantideX Imbalance Calls Imbalance Concordance ERL2 Neg EML4(13):ALK(20) EML4(13):ALK(20) ALK ERL7 Neg EML4(6):ALK(20) EML4(6):ALK(20) ALK ERL10 Neg Neg Neg - Neg - ERL13 Neg SLC34A2(4):ROS1(32) SLC34A2(4):ROS1(32) ROS1 ERL14 Neg Neg Neg - Neg - ERL15 Neg EML4(6):ALK(20) EML4(6):ALK(20) ALK ERL16 Neg EML4(6):ALK(20) EML4(6):ALK(20) ALK ERL17 Neg EML4(6):ALK(20) EML4(6):ALK(20) ALK ERL18 Neg EML4(6):ALK(20) EML4(6):ALK(20) ALK ERL19 Neg EML4(6):ALK(20) EML4(6):ALK(20) ALK ERL20 Neg unknown ALK-fusion EML4(6):ALK(20) ALK ERL21 Neg Neg Neg - Neg - ERL22 Neg Neg Neg - Neg - ERL23 Neg Neg Neg - Neg - ERL24 Neg Neg Neg - Neg - JGH1 Neg Neg Neg - Neg - JGH2 Neg Neg Neg - Neg - JGH3 ROS1 split SLC34A2(4):ROS1(32) SLC34A2(4):ROS1(32) Neg* X JGH4 Neg Neg Neg - Neg - JGH5 Neg Neg Neg - Neg - JGH6 Neg Neg Neg - Neg - JGH7 ROS1 split EZR(10)-ROS1(34) EZR(10)-ROS1(34) ROS1 JGH8 ALK split EML4(6):ALK(20) EML4(6):ALK(20) Neg* X

Transcript of INDEPENDENT EVALUATION OF A FULLY INTEGRATED NEXT...

Page 1: INDEPENDENT EVALUATION OF A FULLY INTEGRATED NEXT ...asuragen.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/NGS-RNA... · • The QuantideX® NGS RNA Lung Cancer Kit* is a research tool for analyzing

SUMMARY• The QuantideX® NGS RNA Lung Cancer Kit* is a research tool for analyzing recurrent

gene fusions, MET exon 14 skipping and gene expression in lung cancer specimens. • The kit demonstrated concordant results across two laboratories using 30 total

nucleic acid (TNA) isolates derived from clinically-relevant specimens such as FFPE tumor biopsies.

• Agreement was also achieved for 8 residual clinical FFPE samples comparing the QuantideX NGS RNA Lung Cancer Kit* and FISH.

• Results comparing the QuantideX NGS RNA Lung Cancer Kit* and the nCounter® Vantage™ Lung Gene Fusion Panel were in agreement for both the original cohort and residual FFPE samples.

INDEPENDENT EVALUATION OF A FULLY INTEGRATED NEXT-GENERATION SEQUENCING TECHNOLOGY FOR THE ACCURATE DETECTION OF ONCOGENIC RNA FUSIONS AND ABERRANT SPLICING EVENTS IN LUNG CANCERRichard Blidner1, Brian C Haynes1, Andrew Hadd1, Shobha Gokul1, Maria L Aguirre2, Gary J Latham1, and Léon C van Kempen2

1Asuragen, Inc., Austin, TX, 2The Molecular Pathology Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada

INTRODUCTIONRNA fusions and splice variants, such as MET exon 14 skipping, are recognized as important therapeutic targets in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and a growing number of other solid tumors. Despite the emerging importance of these targets to cancer research, NGS assays that analyze RNA markers currently lag behind DNA sequencing efforts in workflow efficiency and in the rigor of analytical performance evaluations. We present a new targeted RNA-Seq Lung Cancer assay that can report 107 known oncogenic gene fusions, MET exon 14 skipping, 26 expression markers, and 5 imbalance markers for novel fusion detection using a streamlined sample-to-answer workflow.

MATERIALS AND METHODSThe QuantideX NGS RNA Lung Cancer Kit* was evaluated at Asuragen (Austin, TX) and Jewish General Hospital (Montreal, QC, Canada). A set of 30 samples derived from banked tumors and cell lines plus two controls were analyzed at Asuragen using the MiSeq® System (Illumina) and used over three study phases. An additional set of FFPE-derived residual clinical research samples that were previously annotated by FISH were evaluated in the final study phase. A subset of samples were also evaluated using the nCounter Vantage Lung Gene Fusion Panel (NanoString Technologies; The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics (2014) 16(2):229-43).

CONCLUSIONS• An independent laboratory was trained to proficiency in two days using the QuantideX

NGS RNA Lung Cancer Kit*.• The kit workflow, from sample to sequencer, can be completed in about 9 hours.• High inter-operator, and intra- and inter-run reproducibility, was achieved at two

different sites with FFPE samples using inputs down to <10 ng. • NGS fusion results were in 100% agreement with ALK and ROS1 translocation calls

from orthogonal assays performed with 23 FFPE samples.Figure 1. QuantideX NGS RNA Lung Cancer Kit* content. The panel covers 107 recurrent gene fusions including ALK, RET and ROS1, MET ex14 skipping, 23 mRNA markers of prognostic and theranostic value and 3 internal control mRNA markers.

Figure 2. Overview of QuantideX NGS RNA Lung Cancer Kit* from wet lab to dry bench analytics. The workflow is designed to minimize the number of steps, operator hands-on-time, and overall turn-around-time. Time-Motion Analysis shows both operator hands-on-time  and instrument time. The bundled QuantideX® Reporter software package runs locally on a standard computer.

Table 1. Jewish General Hospital NGS results compared to Asuragen sample annotations. Out of 64 libraries performed at Jewish General Hospital, 63 yielded the expected calls both for mutation and imbalance status (after resolving contamination events in reproducibility set 2). One sample failed analysis, which was identified at the QC step (not shown).

Table 2. Summary of QuantideX NGS RNA Lung Cancer Kit* FFPE sample agreement with orthogonal methods. Samples identified as fusion positive by either FISH (8 residual clinical samples) or NanoString (8 residual clinical samples + 15 Asuragen subset samples) demonstrated 100% agreement for fusion-positive calls. Imbalances for two samples (*) were not called but were near the positive threshold. One sample (†) was near threshold for an ALK imbalance for both NanoString and NGS technologies.

* Research Use Only – Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures Preliminary research data. The performance characteristics of this assay have not yet been established. Presented at AMP 2016 - S19

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Figure 4. Quantification of both the RNA functional copy number and the on-target coverage for fusions and splice events was consistent between sites. A) Comparison of the functional copy input measured using the QuantideX RNA Assay (Lung). Results were consistent between sites (1.4-fold mean difference with a standard deviation of 0.5-fold). B) Comparison of the on-target coverage for each of the positive samples. Results were consistent between sites (1.1-fold mean difference with a standard deviation of 0.9-fold). Even coverage across titration series libraries demonstrated successful normalization and pooling.

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*Content sourced from: NCCN Guidelines, customer needs, COSMIC, Clinicaltrials.gov, publications & other databases.

mRNA Expression Targets

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3'/5' Imbalance 3' Fusion Genes # of Fusions ALK 53 ROS1 22 RET 12 FGFR3 7 NTRK3 3 NTRK1 4 NRG1 2 FGFR1 1 FGFR2 1 MBIP 1 PDGFRA 1

11 fusion genes–107 known and relevant fusion products

Exon Skipping EventMET e13:e14MET e14:e15MET e13:e15

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Figure 3. Summary of the site evaluation study design. The study was designed with three phases for NGS evaluation: Training (8 libraries), Proficiency & Concordance (32 libraries), and Reproducibility & Method Concordance (16 libraries in duplicate plus additional evaluator libraries). Specifically, Jewish General Hospital was trained within two days, and they achieved a successful proficiency run in the second phase (Table 1). A subset of samples were evaluated by NanoString’s Vantage Lung Gene Fusion Panel. Eight additional samples that were previously annotated by FISH were evaluated using both systems (Table 2). Analysis of mRNA expression was not part of this evaluation.

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Sample ID Source Mutation Status Imbalance Status

Expected Fusion

Expected Imbalance Met e13:e15 Expected

FusionExpected Imbalance Met e13:e15 Expected

FusionExpected Imbalance Met e13:e15

NTC Control Neg Neg none none none none none none none none none

Pos Control Synthetic ALK Neg ✓ none none ✓ none none ✓ none none

ERL1 FFPE EML4:ALK ALK ✓ ✓ none ✓ ✓ none ✓† ✓ none

ERL2 FFPE EML4:ALK ALK ✓ ✓ none ✓ ✓ none Failed Failed Failed

ERL3 FFPE Neg Neg none none none none none none none none none

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ERL6 FFPE Neg Neg none none none none none none none none none

ERL7 FFPE EML4:ALK ALK ✓ ✓ none ✓ ✓ none ✓† ✓ none

ERL8 FFPE EML4:ALK ALK ✓ ✓ none ✓ ✓ none ✓† ✓ none

ERL9 FFPE EML4:ALK ALK ✓ ✓ none ✓ ✓ none ✓† ✓ none

ERL10 FFPE Neg Neg none none none none none none none none none

ERL11 Cell MET e13:e15 Neg none none ✓ none none ✓ none none ✓

ERL12 Cell FGFR3:TACC3 Neg ✓ none none ✓ none none ✓ none none

ERL13 Cell SLC32A2:ROS1 ROS1 ✓ ✓ none ✓ ✓ none ✓ ✓ none

ERL14 FFPE Neg Neg none none none

Expected fusions, imbalance and splice variant calls were accurately called in 63 of 64 libraries

One library, ERL2, failed both QC and NGSfor Reproducibility Set 2

†Samples had low coverage false positive contaminants that were resolved based on plate position

ERL15 FFPE EML4:ALK ALK ✓ ✓ none

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Concordance with Orthogonal Test Methods

Sample ID FISH NanoString Vantage Calls Asuragen QuantideX Fusion Calls Fusion Concordance Asuragen QuantideXImbalance Calls Imbalance Concordance

ERL2 Neg EML4(13):ALK(20) EML4(13):ALK(20) ✓ ALK ✓

ERL7 Neg EML4(6):ALK(20) EML4(6):ALK(20) ✓ ALK ✓

ERL10 Neg Neg Neg - Neg -

ERL13 Neg SLC34A2(4):ROS1(32) SLC34A2(4):ROS1(32) ✓ ROS1 ✓

ERL14 Neg Neg Neg - Neg -

ERL15 Neg EML4(6):ALK(20) EML4(6):ALK(20) ✓ ALK ✓

ERL16 Neg EML4(6):ALK(20) EML4(6):ALK(20) ✓ ALK ✓

ERL17 Neg EML4(6):ALK(20) EML4(6):ALK(20) ✓ ALK ✓

ERL18 Neg EML4(6):ALK(20) EML4(6):ALK(20) ✓ ALK ✓

ERL19 Neg EML4(6):ALK(20) EML4(6):ALK(20) ✓ ALK ✓

ERL20 Neg unknown ALK-fusion EML4(6):ALK(20) ✓ ALK ✓

ERL21 Neg Neg Neg - Neg -

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ERL24 Neg Neg Neg - Neg -

JGH1 Neg Neg Neg - Neg -

JGH2 Neg Neg† Neg - Neg† -

JGH3 ROS1 split SLC34A2(4):ROS1(32) SLC34A2(4):ROS1(32) ✓ Neg* X

JGH4 Neg Neg Neg - Neg -

JGH5 Neg Neg Neg - Neg -

JGH6 Neg Neg Neg - Neg -

JGH7 ROS1 split EZR(10)-ROS1(34) EZR(10)-ROS1(34) ✓ ROS1 ✓

JGH8 ALK split EML4(6):ALK(20) EML4(6):ALK(20) ✓ Neg* X