INDEPENDENCE WON CHAPTER 11. The road to San Jacinto Santa Anna ordered his troops to burn every...
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Transcript of INDEPENDENCE WON CHAPTER 11. The road to San Jacinto Santa Anna ordered his troops to burn every...
INDEPENDENCE WONCHAPTER 11
The road to San Jacinto
• Santa Anna ordered his troops to burn every town and settlement in path
• Also believed that revolution was over, left armies in command of Filisola
• Thought capturing the temp govt. would be easy
• Filisola convinced Santa Anna to delay his turn to Mexico
Houston builds his army • Convention of 1836 names him commander in
chief
• Went to join army in Gonzales
• In Gonzales 370 volunteers- who had answered cries of help from Alamo. Little too late..2 days later Alamo fell
• Houston's army -400 men who were untrained
• Decided to flee than fight
• Houston told Fannin to leave Goliad and blow up garrison there and join him ( we know Fannins fate)
Houston retreats • March 13, 1836
• Drilled at burnhams crossing
• More volunteers showed up
• 1400 soldiers
• Found out Fannins fate
• Retreated to Brazos river
• Men losing faith in Houston
Runaway scrape
• People panicked because Houston was retreating
• Heard about Alamo and massacre and people were fleeing
• Most people headed east to Sabine River
• This was known as runaway scrape
Houston trains his army
• March 29, 1836 Houston reaches San Felipe de Austin
• Stayed at Groce's Plantation to train army
• Houston used an African American scout to gather intel on Santa Anna's troops
Mexicans move east
• Santa Anna failed to defeat the units left to defend the water crossing at the Brazos ..moved downriver
• Santa Anna divided troops and sent one column to get the temp govt.
• Sam Houston moved toward the San Jacinto river
• Received 2 cannons from Cincinnati --" twin sisters"
• Houston moved his troops south to engage the Mexicans
SECTION 2 VICTORY AT SAN JACINTO
Eve of battle
• April 20,1836
• Santa Anna's army is moving into position along the river
• Santa Anna knew his position left him vulnerable but he thought the Texans wouldn't attack
• Mirabeau Lamar fought with the Mexican army ( he led the cavalry)
San Jacinto soldiers• 20-30 Tejanos commanded by Juan Seguin
• Originally Houston didn't want them to fight, men may confuse friend and foe.
• Seguin and his men were allowed to fight - wore cardboard worn in hatbands so the army would know they were not Mexican troops
• Many soldiers came from America , immigrants , Mexicans all walks of life. Professionals as well as the uneducated
Houston calls a council of war
• April 21,1836
• Santa Anna had about 850 troops and General Cos had brought in 540 more
• Cos' men were tired and were allowed to take a nap
• Houston called a council to discuss attack or defensive and wait for Mexicans to attack
Remember the Alamo
• The bridge of escape for both forces had been blown up
• Houston orders the advance
• Texans surprised the Mexicans who were resting and effectively destroyed their fortifications and artillery
• Chaos was everywhere
• Battle lasted 18 minutes
Mexicans suffer heavy losses
• Battle of San Jacinto left 10 dead and 30 wounded on Texans side
• Houston wounded - ankle shattered
• Santa Anna suffered great losses due to inexperienced soldiers
• Santa Anna was captured as well as 730 soldiers, 630 had been killed
• Santa Anna had been found hiding in a soldiers uniform
• Santa Anna was taken to Houston
• Santa Anna didn't take any responsibility for his loss at San Jacinto
• He was forced to sign a letter instructing General Filisosa to withdrawal from Texas
Navy and the coast
• 4 ships strong!!
• Brought supplies as well as defended the waters
• Kept the Mexican armies from re supplying
Treaties of Velasco
• Santa Anna was forced to sign 2 treaties in the new capital at Velasco
• Public treaty- Santa Anna promised to never fight the texans again , ordered all Mexican forces from Texas, exchange of prisoners, return all property taken
• Secret treaty- in exchange for his life- Santa Anna was to work toward Mexican recognition of Texas independence, also make Rio Grande southern boundary . He was escorted back to Mexico.
Texans want revenge
• Many wanted Santa Anna dead.
• Angry troops stopped Santa Anna from sailing back to Mexico and allowed him to leave months later
• Texans had won freedom!
• The age of the republic of Texas will begin