Incremental Learning Chris Mesterharm Fordham University.
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Transcript of Incremental Learning Chris Mesterharm Fordham University.
![Page 1: Incremental Learning Chris Mesterharm Fordham University.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022072015/56649ece5503460f94bdb9eb/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Incremental Learning
Chris Mesterharm
Fordham University
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Artificial Intellegence
• Make machines as smart or smarter than humans
• Intelligent machines can automate many tasks performed by humans
• Research started at beginning of modern computer era
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Programming AI
• Difficult to program machines to be intelligent
• Some success with well structured problems
• Less success with “simpler” skills such as perception and vision
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Machine Learning
• Teach instead of program machines
• Similar to humans and animals
But how do we model learning?
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Induction
• The sun has risen every day in the past
• The sun will rise tomorrow
Learning from examples
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Induction Examples
• Predict promoter sequences in DNA that specify where a gene is starting
• Predict the amount of change in the price of a particular stock in the market
• Predict whether or not an image contains a picture of a bicycle
• Predict tomorrow’s weather
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Stock Market Example
• Goal is to predict how price of IBM stock will change tomorrow
• Learning algorithm looks for a prediction rule using any information that might be relevant– Previous prices and sales volume
– Economic indicators and index fund prices
– Analysts predictions and recent new reports
• All the information is collected together as an instance of the learning problem.
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Stock Market Example
• Goal is to label a new instance with a price that is close to the future price
• We already have many labeled instances from previous days
• We use the previously labeled instances to learn a rule that works well on future instances
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Batch LearningInstance label
Algorithm rule
ruleInstance label
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Incremental Learning
• Assume you get feedback on your predictions
• Refine your rule with label feedback
• Allows the rule to adjust to changing conditions
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Online Learning
• Algorithm has no instances at start
• Algorithm gets a single instance each trial
• A trial is composed of three steps– Get instance– Predict label– Discover true label and use that information to
refine the prediction rule
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Online Learning
ruleInstance Predicted label
Algorithm True label
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Online Learning Examples
• Financial market• Weather prediction• Sports• Predicting the future• Spam detection• Cooking
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WinnowLearns a hyperplane to separate instances
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Winnow
• Strong theoretical guarantees
• Performs well even with large instances
• Robust to noise• Can learn a changing
hyperplane
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Acquisitions: Reuters
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Tracking Winnow Example
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Expanding and Testing
• Algorithm should allow– Delays in label feedback– New ways to use information in instances– Ability to internally generate labels
• Test online algorithms on– Financial problems– Robotics problems
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Conclusion
• Online learning is a theoretically strong model for learning
• Online learning allows an incremental and adaptive style of learning that might be closer to the way humans and animals learn
• Winnow is a successful example of online learning that works well in practice