INCREASING CONSUMPTION OF TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL FRUITS Dr. Izham Ahmad Chief Executive Officer...

INCREASING CONSUMPTION OF INCREASING CONSUMPTION OF TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL FRUITSTROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL FRUITS

Dr. Izham AhmadDr. Izham Ahmad

Chief Executive OfficerChief Executive Officer

International Tropical Fruits NetworkInternational Tropical Fruits Network

(TFNet)(TFNet)

WHO/FAO Workshop on Fruit and Vegetables for Health

15 – 16 August 2006 – Seoul, Korea

DISCUSSION TOPICS

2222 ECONOMIC IMPORTANCEECONOMIC IMPORTANCEECONOMIC IMPORTANCEECONOMIC IMPORTANCE

1111 INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

33

44 NUTRITION AND HEALTHNUTRITION AND HEALTHNUTRITION AND HEALTHNUTRITION AND HEALTH

55 CONCLUSIONCONCLUSIONCONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

CONSUMPTION TRENDCONSUMPTION TRENDCONSUMPTION TRENDCONSUMPTION TREND

An important sector in many countries:

Generating income Providing employment to both upstream

and downstream sub-sectors Earning foreign exchange Source of nutrition and dietary

requirement for a healthy population

1111 INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL FRUIT INDUSTRYTROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL FRUIT INDUSTRY

Scenario during the last 5 years (2000 – 2004):

World production registered annual growth of 3.5%

Production of all fruits has increased by 19.2%

World tropical fruit market remain dynamic with significant growth in trade volumes and values

Export value for fresh tropical fruits was estimated at

US $14.96 billion in 2004

TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL FRUIT INDUSTRYTROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL FRUIT INDUSTRY

(Data Source: FAOSTAT)

GLOBAL TROPICAL FRUIT PRODUCTIONGLOBAL TROPICAL FRUIT PRODUCTION GLOBAL TROPICAL FRUIT PRODUCTIONGLOBAL TROPICAL FRUIT PRODUCTION

Annual production growth rate: 2000 – 2004 = 3.5 %

Total Production increased by 19.2 % from 227 million tonnes in 2000 to 270 million tonnes in 2004

2222 ECONOMIC IMPORTANCEECONOMIC IMPORTANCEECONOMIC IMPORTANCEECONOMIC IMPORTANCE

Fruits

Year (Annual Production 1,000 tonnes)

% of 2004 Total

Annual Growth

Rate 2000-

2004 (%)

% increase

2000 -2004

1995 - 1999

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Watermelons 55,054 74,923 80,930 88,613 94,034 95,293 35.3 4.8 27.2

Bananas 58,004 62,758 64,343 67,421 68,908 71,225 26.4 2.5 13.5

Mangoes 22,938 24,667 24,905 26,498 27,134 27,159 10.1 1.9 10.1

Other melons 16,758 19,576 23,960 25,287 26,264 27,155 10.1 6.5 38.7

Pineapples 12,957 14,316 14,894 14,967 15,708 16,054 5.9 2.3 12.1

Lemons & Limes 9,569 11,123 11,824 12,037 12,447 12,534 4.6 2.4 12.7

Papayas 4,991 5,806 6,232 6,507 6,762 6,752 2.5 3.0 16.3

Other Citrus Fruits 5,062 5,504 5,750 5,707 5,752 6,150 2.3 2.2 11.7

Grapefruit & Pomelos 5,078 5,326 5,062 4,822 4,613 4,684 1.7 -2.6 -12.1

Avocados 2,287 2,668 2,818 2,993 3,165 3,070 1.1 2.8 15.1

TOTAL 192,699 226,666 240,718 254,853 264,788 270,075 100.0 3.5 19.2

World Production of Major Tropical FruitsWorld Production of Major Tropical Fruits World Production of Major Tropical FruitsWorld Production of Major Tropical Fruits

Watermelon registered the largest production volume during the last 5 years.

With an annual growth rate 4.8%, the production of 95.3 million tonnes in 2004 accounted for 35.3 % of total global production of tropical fruits.


World Production of Major Tropical FruitsWorld Production of Major Tropical Fruits World Production of Major Tropical FruitsWorld Production of Major Tropical Fruits


Production of Tropical Fruits by RegionsProduction of Tropical Fruits by Regions Production of Tropical Fruits by RegionsProduction of Tropical Fruits by Regions

In 2004 Production by Regions:

65.9% of Global Production from Asia (178 million tonnes)

America: 19.7% (53 million tonnes)

Africa: 9.3% (25 million tonnes)

Europe: 3.6% (9.6 million tonnes)

Latin America & Caribbean: 1.3% (3.4 million tonnes)

Oceania: 0.3% (0.8million tonnes)

Region


% of 2004 Total

Annual Growth

Rate 2000-2004 (%)

% increase

2000 -2004

1995-1999 (average)

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Asia 114,120 142,595 154,760 167,054 174,052 178,089 65.9 4.4 24.9

America 45,499 48,562 49,743 50,997 52,831 53,154 19.7 1.8 9.5

Africa 20,854 22,701 23,160 23,644 23,875 25,010 9.3 1.9 10.2

Europe 8,832 8,943 8,934 9,298 9,926 9,629 3.6 1.5 7.7

Latin America & the Caribbean

2,695 3,081 3,213 3,010 3,311 3,383 1.3 1.9 9.8

Oceania 698 784 908 851 793 811 0.3 0.7 3.4

TOTAL 192,699 226,666 240,718 254,853 264,788 270,075 100.0 3.5 19.2

Production of Tropical Fruits by RegionsProduction of Tropical Fruits by Regions Production of Tropical Fruits by RegionsProduction of Tropical Fruits by Regions


Production of Tropical Fruits by Major Asian CountriesProduction of Tropical Fruits by Major Asian Countries Production of Tropical Fruits by Major Asian CountriesProduction of Tropical Fruits by Major Asian Countries

Country


% of 2004 Total

Annual Growth

Rate 2000-

2004 (%)

% increase

2000 -2004

1995- 1999

(average)2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

China 45,450 70,285 81,212 87,418 93,386 96,263 54.1 6.2 37.0

India 27,693 28,910 28,630 31,920 32,160 32,170 18.1 2.1 11.3

Philippines 6,378 7,620 7,848 8,231 8,444 8,740 4.9 2.7 14.7

Indonesia 5,164 5,597 6,361 7,186 7,398 7,976 4.5 7.0 42.5

Turkey 6,162 6,462 6,518 7,143 6,748 6,393 3.6 -0.2 -1.1

Thailand 5,625 6,255 6,165 5,876 6,153 6,354 3.6 0.3 1.6

Others 17,648 17,466 18,026 19,280 19,762 20,192 11.3 2.9 15.6

Total 114,120142,59

5154,760 167,054

174,052

178,089 100.0 4.4 24.9

China is the world’s largest producer of tropical fruits, accounting for 54% of world production in 2004.

China is world’s largest producer of watermelons (2004=68.3 million tonnes which accounts for 72% of world production of 95.3 million tonnes)

Other major produce from China are other varieties of melons and bananas.


Production of Tropical Fruits by Countries in East AsiaProduction of Tropical Fruits by Countries in East Asia Production of Tropical Fruits by Countries in East AsiaProduction of Tropical Fruits by Countries in East Asia

Country


% of 2004 Total

Annual Growth

Rate 2000-2004 (%)

% increase

2000 -2004

1995-1999

(Average)2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

China 45,450 70,285 81,212 87,418 93,386 96,263 97.8 6.2 37.0

Korea, Republic of

1,256 1,257 1,220 1,088 1,024 1,068 1.1 -3.3 -15.0

Japan 1,247 1,166 1,138 1,028 949 896 0.9 -5.2 -23.2

Korea, Dem People's Rep

204 214 217 224 224 224 0.2 0.9 4.4

Total 48,158 72,922 83,788 89,758 95,583 98,450 100.0 6.0 35.0


EXPORT OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITSEXPORT OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITSEXPORT OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITSEXPORT OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS

The global export value of tropical fruits in 2004 is estimated at US$15 billion.

Although Asia is the largest producer of tropical fruits, it is not the largest exporter

Asia ranks 2nd to America in terms of volume exported

However, the volume of Asian exports had increased by two folds during the last 5 years with an annual growth of 13.3%

The exports from Asia in 2004 was valued at US$2.5 billion.

America is the world’s largest exporter, accounting for 46% of total export volume in 2004

Exports from America had increased from 14.4 million tonnes in 2000 to 16.5 million tonnes in 2004, an increase of 6.6% with annual growth of 1.3%

The exports from America in 2004 was estimated at US$6.1 billion.


2000 – 2004 Export Quantity

Annual growth rate = 5.3%

Quantity increased by 30.7% from 27.5 million tonnes in 2000 to 35.9 million tonnes in 2004


2000 – 2004 Export Value


Value increased by 46.2% from US$10.24 billion in 2000 to US$14.98 billion in 2004


EXPORT QUANTITY OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS (1,000 tonnes)EXPORT QUANTITY OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS (1,000 tonnes)EXPORT QUANTITY OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS (1,000 tonnes)EXPORT QUANTITY OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS (1,000 tonnes)

Fruit

Year

% of 2004 Total

Annual Growth Rate 2000 - 2004

(%)

% increase

2000 -2004

1995-1999 (average)

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Bananas 13,444 15,056 15,111 15,037 16,280 15,770 43.9 0.9 4.7

Pineapples 2,599 2,975 3,168 3,394 4,097 7,837 21.8 18.0 163.4

Grapefruit & Pomelo 2,113 2,952 2,884 2,825 3,308 3,520 9.8 3.5 19.2

Lemons & Limes 1,832 2,224 2,332 2,608 2,642 2,769 7.7 4.4 24.5

Watermelons 1,355 1,440 1,363 1,642 1,683 1,900 5.3 5.5 31.9

Other melons 1,395 1,512 1,473 1,484 1,596 1,701 4.7 2.3 12.5

Mangoes 512 653 733 743 1,018 1,060 3.0 9.5 62.3

Other Citrus fruits 103 117 179 262 209 554 1.5 26.0 373.2

Avocados 266 362 322 427 416 493 1.4 6.1 36.2

Papaya 125 176 197 212 253 292 0.8 9.9 65.8

Total 23,744 27,467 27,760 28,634 31,501 35,896 100.0 5.3 30.7

Bananas dominate global export market, followed by pineapples

2004: export quantity of bananas = 15.77 million tonnes = 44% of global export

Pineapples shown significant growth with export volumes increased by 163% during last 5 years


EXPORT VALUE OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS (million US$)EXPORT VALUE OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS (million US$)EXPORT VALUE OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS (million US$)EXPORT VALUE OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS (million US$)

Fruits

Year (million US$)

% of 2004 Total

Annual Growth

Rate 2000-2004

(%)

% increase

2000 -2004

1995-1999

(average)2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Bananas 4,937 5,087 5,219 5,430 6,012 6,650 44.4 5.3 30.7

Pineapples 1,230 1,213 1,340 1,599 2,120 2,424 16.2 13.3 99.8

Lemons & Limes 876 867 886 913 1,177 1,324 8.8 8.3 52.7

Grapefruits & Pomelo 718 785 726 803 919 1,029 6.9 5.4 31.1

Other Melons 655 652 675 678 839 916 6.1 6.8 40.6

Mangoes 489 559 599 602 787 836 5.6 7.9 49.6

Avocados 337 429 412 553 667 751 5.0 10.9 75.3

Watermelons 362 329 358 391 530 613 4.1 12.1 86.6

Other Citrus Fruits 193 211 236 210 209 230 1.5 1.7 8.8

Papayas 83 111 123 130 162 202 1.4 11.6 81.8

Total 9,88110,24

3 10,57511,30

8 13,420 14,975100.0 7.5 46.2



Export Quantity 2004 Export Value 2004


EXPORT QUANTITY OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONSEXPORT QUANTITY OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONSEXPORT QUANTITY OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONSEXPORT QUANTITY OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONS

America: largest exporting region for tropical fruits, with export volume of 15.5 million tonnes in 2004 accounting for 46% of total global exports

The major fruit exported by the American region is Bananas:

(In 2004 bananas exported: Ecuador = 3.96 million tonnes

Costa Rica = 1.84 million tonnes

Guatemala = 1.08 million tonnes

Colombia = 1.3 million tonnes

USA’s main exported fruit in 2004 = 1.31 million tonnes of Grapefruits

Asia is second largest exporting region, has registered a strong growth of 13.3% during last five years, with Philippines and Thailand as major exporters

In 2004; Thailand’s exported 2.1 million tonnes of Pineapples

Philippines’ export : Bananas = 2.12 million tonnes

Pineapples = 1.5 million tonnes(Data Source: FAOSTAT)

EXPORT QUANTITY OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONSEXPORT QUANTITY OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONSEXPORT QUANTITY OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONSEXPORT QUANTITY OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONS

Region

Year (Export Quantity 1,000 tonnes)

% of 2004 Total

Annual Growth

Rate 2000-2004 (%)

% increase

2000 -2004

1995-1999 (average)

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

America 14,42015,52

615,34

116,31

017,627 16,548 46.1 1.3 6.6

Asia 4,400 5,192 5,486 5,271 6,288 10,370 28.9 13.3 99.7

Europe 3,347 4,725 5,003 5,101 5,521 6,628 18.5 6.7 40.3

Africa 1,100 1,406 1,409 1,480 1,595 1,795 5.0 4.9 27.6

Latin America & Caribbean

435 584 486 414 426 477 1.3 -4.0 -18.3

Oceania 41 33 35 58 45 78 0.2 16.0 133.1

Total 23,74427,46

727,76

028,63

431,501 35,896 100.0 5.3 30.7


Region

Year (Export Value million US$)

% of 2004 Total

Annual Growth

Rate 2000-2004 (%)

% increase

2000 -2004

1995-1999

(average)2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

America 4,873 4,633 4,779 4,996 5,619 6,095 40.7 5.5 31.6

Europe 2,527 3,122 3,367 3,649 4,649 5,253 35.1 10.2 68.3

Asia 1,791 1,844 1,799 1,961 2,293 2,489 16.6 6.0 35.0

Africa 437 398 406 462 619 854 5.7 14.6 114.4


192 194 161 173 170 208 1.4 1.4 7.5

Oceania 61 52 63 67 69 76 0.5 7.5 46.3

Total 9,881 10,243 10,575 11,308 13,420 14,975 100.0 7.5 46.2

EXPORT VALUE OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONSEXPORT VALUE OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONSEXPORT VALUE OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONSEXPORT VALUE OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONS


Export Quantity by Regions, 2004 Export Value by Regions, 2004

EXPORT OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONSEXPORT OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONSEXPORT OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONSEXPORT OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONS


Country

Year

% of 2004 Total

Annual Growth Rate

2000 – 2004 (%)

% increase 2000 -20041995-1999

(average)2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Ecuador 4,132 4,272 4,322 4,543 5,058 4,105 11.4 -0.8 -3.9

Philippines 1,847 2,239 2,797 2,250 2,696 3,657 10.2 9.6 63.3

Costa Rica 2,522 2,622 2,581 2,610 2,889 2,809 7.8 1.4 7.1

Thailand 710 1,104 905 881 1,175 2,797 7.8 17.4 153.2

USA 2,217 2,626 2,679 2,423 2,591 1,997 5.6 -5.4 -24.0

Mexico 1,153 1,284 1,216 1,233 1,364 1,784 5.0 6.5 38.9

Spain 1,247 1,285 1,355 1,285 1,393 1,577 4.4 4.1 22.8

Netherlands 609 558 707 659 983 1,352 3.8 16.6 142.4

Guatemala 782 1,022 988 1,043 1,012 1,319 3.7 5.1 29.0

Colombia 1,504 1,566 1,347 1,427 1,429 1,246 3.5 -4.6 -20.4

Others 7,021 8,888 8,863 10,280 10,911 13,252 36.9 7.9 49.1

Total 23,744 27,467 27,760 28,634 31,501 35,896 100.0 5.3 30.7

QUANTITY OF EXPORT - MAJOR COUNTRIESQUANTITY OF EXPORT - MAJOR COUNTRIESQUANTITY OF EXPORT - MAJOR COUNTRIESQUANTITY OF EXPORT - MAJOR COUNTRIES


VALUE OF EXPORT - MAJOR COUNTRIESVALUE OF EXPORT - MAJOR COUNTRIESVALUE OF EXPORT - MAJOR COUNTRIESVALUE OF EXPORT - MAJOR COUNTRIES

Countries

Year

% of 2004 Total

Annual Growth

Rate 2000-2004 (%)

% increase

2000 -20041995- 1999 (average)

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Ecuador 1,063 872 903 1,017 1,189 1,095.8 7.3 6.8 41.0

Spain 799 677 706 743 1,036 1,068.4 7.1 5.5 31.9

USA 941 931 918 945 1,014 1,035.9 6.9 0.6 3.2

Costa Rica 872 812 784 788 896 968.8 6.5 1.3 6.6

Mexico 540 568 583 554 747 935.8 6.2 11.0 75.5

Netherlands 473 376 453 510 725 775.7 5.2 11.3 79.2

Thailand 486 478 452 526 669 711.6 4.8 7.0 42.8

Philippines 452 527 547 548 662 609.2 4.1 7.8 48.4

Colombia 473 441 376 415 399 412.0 2.8 -1.8 -8.7

Guatemala 186 234 209 232 227 252.6 1.7 7.5 45.8

Others 3,596 4,328 4,644 5,030 5,856 7,109.4 47.5 10.7 72.9

Total 9,881 10,243 10,575 11,308 13,420 14,975 100.0 7.5 46.2


MAJOR EXPORTING COUNTRIESMAJOR EXPORTING COUNTRIESMAJOR EXPORTING COUNTRIESMAJOR EXPORTING COUNTRIES


IMPORT OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITSIMPORT OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITSIMPORT OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITSIMPORT OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS

Global imports of major tropical fruits during the last 5 years (2000-2004) had increased by 25.3% with an annual growth rate of 4.5%.

Import volumes had increased from 28 million tonnes in 2000 to 35.1 million tonnes.

Bananas dominate the import market, followed by pineapples.

Global import value of tropical fruits in 2004 was estimated at US$18 billion.

50% of 2004 global imports was by European countries.

USA is the largest importing country: importing 9 million tonnes, worth US$3.4 million in 2004

2000 – 2004 Import Quantity


Quantity increased by 25.3% from 28 million tonnes in 2000 to 35million tonnes in 2004


2000 – 2004 Import Value


Value increased by 39.7% from US$12.8 billion in 2000 to US$18 billion in 2004


Fruits

Year

% of 2004 Total

Annual Growth

Rate 2000 - 2004 (%)

% increase 2000 -20041995-1999

(average)2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Bananas 12,528 14,494 13,686 14,007 14,921 15,222 43.4 1.0 5.0

Pineapples 3,037 3,352 3,581 4,237 4,731 7,953 22.7 16.3 137.3

Grapefruit&Pomelo 2,014 2,443 2,312 2,652 2,882 3,484 9.9 7.0 42.6

Lemons & limes 2,215 3,457 2,819 2,843 2,837 2,701 7.7 -4.9 -21.9

Watermelons 1,270 1,397 1,413 1,490 1,638 1,786 5.1 4.9 27.8

Other melons 1,354 1,538 1,543 1,606 1,768 1,678 4.8 1.7 9.1

Mangoes 471 605 653 716 773 1,004 2.9 9.9 66.0

Other citrus 252 237 252 518 572 539 1.5 15.6 127.6

Avocados 243 343 325 406 432 491 1.4 7.1 43.2

Papayas 109 134 158 172 206 238 0.7 11.1 76.9

Total 23,493 28,000 26,741 28,648 30,761 35,095 100.0 4.5 25.3

IMPORT QUANTITY OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS (1,000 tonnes)IMPORT QUANTITY OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS (1,000 tonnes)IMPORT QUANTITY OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS (1,000 tonnes)IMPORT QUANTITY OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS (1,000 tonnes)


IMPORT VALUE OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS (million US$)IMPORT VALUE OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS (million US$)IMPORT VALUE OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS (million US$)IMPORT VALUE OF FRESH TROPICAL FRUITS (million US$)

Fruits

Year

% of 2004 Total

Annual Growth

Rate 2000 -

2004 (%)

% increase 2000 -20041995-1999

(average)2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Bananas 6,644 6,667 6,472 6,484 7,861 8,719 48.6 5.3 30.8

Pineapples 1,528 1,589 1,688 1,907 2,476 2,825 15.7 11.2 77.8

Lemons & Limes 958 958 961 1,032 1,250 1,422 7.9 7.8 48.4

Grapefruit&pomelo 889 967 958 974 1,107 1,143 6.4 3.3 18.2

Other melons 789 799 836 814 1,031 1,066 5.9 5.7 33.4

Mangoes 540 658 696 690 880 920 5.1 6.6 39.7

Avocados 389 498 495 554 787 849 4.7 10.4 70.5

Watermelons 399 387 420 390 545 538 3.0 6.5 39.0

Other citrus 169 186 205 207 251 239 1.3 5.1 29.0

Papayas 100 135 150 160 188 227 1.3 10.2 68.0

Total 12,405 12,845 12,881 13,212 16,376 17,950 100.0 6.6 39.7



Import Quantity 2004 Import Value 2004


IMPORT QUANTITY OF TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONS (1,000 tonnes)IMPORT QUANTITY OF TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONS (1,000 tonnes)IMPORT QUANTITY OF TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONS (1,000 tonnes)IMPORT QUANTITY OF TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONS (1,000 tonnes)

Region

Year (Import quantity 1,000 tonnes)

% of 2004 Total

Annual Growth Rate

2000 - 2004 (%)

% increase 2000 -2004

1995-1999 (average)

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Europe 10,247 12,166 12,405 13,807 15,081 17,528 49.9 7.2 44.1

America 9,312 11,246 10,040 10,119 10,508 10,979 31.3 -0.5 -2.4

Asia 3,654 4,258 3,852 4,143 4,606 5,962 17.0 6.7 40.0

Africa 114 134 254 374 348 311 0.9 15.9 132.4

Oceania 133 126 124 147 158 249 0.7 13.1 97.4


33 70 67 57 59 67 0.2 -0.9 -4.4

Total 23,493 28,000 26,741 28,648 30,761 35,095 100.0 4.5 25.3

2004:

Europe is the largest importing region (50% of 2004 total imports)

- major importing countries are Germany (3 million tonnes),

Netherlands (2.5 mil tonnes), France (1.7 mil tonnes) & UK (1.7 mil tonnes)

USA : largest importing country: 9 million tonnes (US$3.4 billion)


Region

Year (Import Value million US$)

% of 2004 Total

Annual Growth Rate 2000 - 2004

(%)

% increase 2000 -2004

1995-1999 (average)

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Europe 6,721 6,608 6,852 7,512 9,633 10,800 60.2 9.6 63.4

America 3,285 3,589 3,672 3,215 4,061 4,202 23.4 3.1 17.1

Asia 2,237 2,478 2,137 2,242 2,395 2,636 14.7 1.2 6.4

Africa 57 63 103 118 142 161 0.9 17.6 157.0

Oceania 92 87 92 106 127 137 0.8 8.9 57.5


14 21 25 18 18 14 0.1 -7.3 -30.9

Total 12,405 12,845 12,881 13,212 16,376 17,950 100.0 6.6 39.7

IMPORT VALUE OF TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONS (million US$)IMPORT VALUE OF TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONS (million US$)IMPORT VALUE OF TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONS (million US$)IMPORT VALUE OF TROPICAL FRUITS BY REGIONS (million US$)


Countries

YearAnnual Growth

Rate 2000 - 2004 (%)

% increase 2000 -20041995-1999

(average)2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Japan 1,561 1,824 1,763 1,911 1,968 2,473 6.0 35.6

China 787 920 753 773 808 1,105 3.7 20.1

Korea, Republic of 168 224 241 250 287 325 7.4 45.2

MAJOR ASIAN IMPORTING COUNTRIESMAJOR ASIAN IMPORTING COUNTRIESMAJOR ASIAN IMPORTING COUNTRIESMAJOR ASIAN IMPORTING COUNTRIES

JAPAN is the largest importer in East Asia.

2004 imports : Bananas = 1.1 million tonnes;

Grapefruits = 0.73 million tonnes;

Pineapples = 0.37 million tonnes

CHINA imports in 2004: Bananas = 0.67 million tonnes;

Watermelons = 0.33 million tonnes


33 CONSUMPTION OF TROPICAL & SUBTROPICAL FRUITSCONSUMPTION OF TROPICAL & SUBTROPICAL FRUITSCONSUMPTION OF TROPICAL & SUBTROPICAL FRUITSCONSUMPTION OF TROPICAL & SUBTROPICAL FRUITS

Consumption of fruits plays an important role in providing a nutritious diet

Recommended daily intake of fruits is more than 400 grams per day

or equivalent to about 150 kg per person per year

(FAO/WHO Expert Consultation 2003)

This section examines the consumption trend of major tropical and subtropical fruits during the last five years

GLOBAL CONSUMPTION TRENDGLOBAL CONSUMPTION TRENDGLOBAL CONSUMPTION TRENDGLOBAL CONSUMPTION TREND

Increasing trend in global consumption of tropical & subtropical fruits

2000-2004: annual growth rate of 3.3%

Annual consumption increased by 18% from 193 million tonnes in 2000 to 228 million tonnes in 2004


GLOBAL PER CAPITA CONSUMPTIONGLOBAL PER CAPITA CONSUMPTIONGLOBAL PER CAPITA CONSUMPTIONGLOBAL PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION

Healthy increasing trend in per capita consumption

2000-2004: average annual per cap. consumption = 34.4 kg/yr

2004 global per cap. consumption

= 36 kg / yr = 24% of recommended intake of fruits (150 kg/yr)


WORLD CONSUMPTION TREND of MAJOR TROP. & SUBTROP. FRUITSWORLD CONSUMPTION TREND of MAJOR TROP. & SUBTROP. FRUITSWORLD CONSUMPTION TREND of MAJOR TROP. & SUBTROP. FRUITSWORLD CONSUMPTION TREND of MAJOR TROP. & SUBTROP. FRUITS

2000-2004: Annual consumption = 213 million tonnes with growth rate of 3.3%

Watermelons rank highest in global consumption:

Average annual consumption of 71 million tonnes; Annual Growth Rate of 4.9%


Fruits

Year (1,000 tonnes)

% of 2004 Total

Annual Growth

Rate 2000 -

2004 (%)

Annual Average

('000 tonnes/y

r)

1995-1999

(average)2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Watermelons 44,669 61,501 66,651 72,933 77,381 78,741 34.6 4.9 71,441

Bananas 47,588 52,219 53,204 56,534 57,410 59,482 26.1 2.6 55,770

Mangoes 20,593 22,138 22,298 23,812 24,148 22,827 10.0 0.6 23,045

Other melons 13,435 15,936 19,853 20,916 21,850 22,401 9.8 6.7 20,191

Pineapples 12,055 13,187 13,600 14,212 14,794 14,687 6.4 2.2 14,096

Lemons & Limes 8,966 11,226 11,043 11,072 11,307 11,171 4.9 -0.1 11,164

Papayas 4,280 4,970 5,329 5,588 5,798 5,844 2.6 3.2 5,506

Other citrus 4,599 4,987 5,183 5,380 5,537 5,555 2.4 2.2 5,328

Grapefruit&pomelo

4,440 4,335 4,094 4,264 4,274 4,431 1.9 0.4 4,280

Avocados 1,994 2,337 2,488 2,613 2,812 2,699 1.2 2.9 2,590

Total 162,617192,83

6203,74

3217,32

5225,31

2227,837 100.0 3.3 213,411

PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION of MAJOR TROP. & SUBTROP. FRUITSPER CAPITA CONSUMPTION of MAJOR TROP. & SUBTROP. FRUITSPER CAPITA CONSUMPTION of MAJOR TROP. & SUBTROP. FRUITSPER CAPITA CONSUMPTION of MAJOR TROP. & SUBTROP. FRUITS

Per capita consumption of most major tropical fruits has shown positive increases

Watermelons rank highest in per cap. consumption of 12.3 kg/yr in 2004, with 3.9% annual growth rate


Fruits

Year (kg/cap/yr)Annual Growth

Rate 2000 - 2004 (%)

Annual Average

(kg/cap/yr)1995-1999 (average)

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Watermelons 7.64 10.12 10.86 11.77 12.26 12.33 3.9 11.4

Bananas 8.14 8.60 8.67 9.12 9.10 9.31 1.6 8.9

Mangoes 3.52 3.64 3.63 3.84 3.83 3.57 -0.4 3.7

Other melons 2.30 2.62 3.24 3.37 3.46 3.51 5.8 3.2

Pineapples 2.06 2.17 2.22 2.29 2.34 2.30 1.2 2.3

Lemons & Limes 1.53 1.85 1.80 1.79 1.79 1.75 -1.1 1.8

Papayas 0.73 0.82 0.87 0.90 0.93 0.92 2.3 0.9

Other citrus 0.79 0.82 0.84 0.87 0.88 0.87 1.2 0.9

Grapefruit&pomelo 0.76 0.71 0.67 0.69 0.68 0.69 -0.6 0.7

Avocados 0.34 0.38 0.41 0.42 0.45 0.42 1.9 0.4

Total 27.82 31.74 33.20 35.06 35.98 36.02 2.3 34.4

REGIONAL CONSUMPTION of MAJOR TROP. & SUBTROP. FRUITSREGIONAL CONSUMPTION of MAJOR TROP. & SUBTROP. FRUITSREGIONAL CONSUMPTION of MAJOR TROP. & SUBTROP. FRUITSREGIONAL CONSUMPTION of MAJOR TROP. & SUBTROP. FRUITS

Asia registered the highest consumption quantity with an annual average of 137 million tonnes per year.

Can be attributed to the fact that Asia is the largest producer.


Region

Year (1000 tonnes)

Annual Growth Rate 2000 -

2004 (%)

Annual Average

('000 tonnes/yr)

1995-1999 (average)

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Asia 96,084 120,150 129,896 140,800 146,605 145,850 3.9 136,660

America 33,728 37,599 38,151 38,518 39,817 40,236 1.4 38,865

Africa 16,976 18,430 18,903 19,419 19,451 20,753 2.4 19,391

Europe 13,139 13,811 13,697 15,535 16,366 17,734 5.0 15,429


1,935 2,014 2,156 2,149 2,215 2,357 3.1 2,178

Oceania 754 830 940 905 858 907 1.8 888

Total 162,617 192,836 203,743 217,325 225,312 227,837 3.3 213,411

REGIONAL PER CAPITA CONSUMPTIONREGIONAL PER CAPITA CONSUMPTIONREGIONAL PER CAPITA CONSUMPTIONREGIONAL PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION

The Latin America & Caribbean region has the highest rate 50kg/cap/yr in 2004.

In America, the average per capita consumption is 48 kg/yr

Asia is third in ranking with an average of 38 kg/cap/yr.


Region

YearAnnual Growth

Rate 2000 - 2004 (%)

Annual Average


2000 2001 2002 2003 2004


44.31 44.23 46.92 46.35 47.34 49.93 2.4 47

America 44.26 47.10 47.29 47.24 48.32 48.32 0.5 48

Asia 27.21 32.68 34.97 37.51 38.66 38.06 3.0 36

Oceania 25.31 26.81 30.04 28.63 26.89 28.11 1.0 28

Europe 18.05 18.97 18.83 21.37 22.53 24.44 5.0 21

Africa 22.86 23.17 23.33 23.54 23.16 24.26 0.9 23

Total 27.82 31.74 33.20 35.06 35.98 36.02 2.5 34

CONSUMPTION BY COUNTRIESCONSUMPTION BY COUNTRIESCONSUMPTION BY COUNTRIESCONSUMPTION BY COUNTRIES

China is the largest trop. fruit consuming country with a annual growth rate of 6% during the last 5 years.

The other large consuming countries are India and USA


Country

YearAnnual Growth

Rate 2000 - 2004 (%)

Annual Average (1,000

tonnes/yr)

1995-1999 (average)

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

China 39,818 61,303 70,523 75,826 80,894 83,210 6.1 74,351

India 23,747 24,726 24,490 27,199 27,285 26,329 1.3 26,006

USA 10,992 12,190 11,344 11,213 11,526 12,078 -0.2 11,670

Brazil 7,997 8,352 9,429 10,396 11,043 10,864 5.2 10,017

Mexico 5,619 6,836 7,307 7,123 7,548 7,301 1.3 7,223

Indonesia 4,320 4,822 5,494 6,211 6,344 6,081 4.6 5,790

Nigeria 4,540 4,885 4,890 4,903 4,900 4,904 0.1 4,896

Iran, Islamic Rep of 3,438 3,372 3,489 3,989 4,102 4,230 4.5 3,836

Philippines 3,891 4,526 4,175 5,033 5,057 3,964 -2.6 4,551

Egypt 2,763 3,504 3,340 3,241 3,201 3,327 -1.0 3,323

World 162,617192,83

6203,74

3217,325 225,312 227,837 3.3 213,411

PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION BY COUNTRIESPER CAPITA CONSUMPTION BY COUNTRIESPER CAPITA CONSUMPTION BY COUNTRIESPER CAPITA CONSUMPTION BY COUNTRIES

Ecuador has the highest per cap consumption rate of 104 kg/yr

Dominican Republic is second highest with 87 kg/cap/yr


Country

Annual Growth

Rate 2000 -

2004 (%)

Annual Average


2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Ecuador 85.1 99.3 89.1 97.5 87.9 103.5 0.8 93.7

Dominican Republic 76.5 63.5 78.3 87.7 83.1 86.8 6.2 79.3

Cuba 56.3 59.7 61.1 52.6 59.7 71.4 3.5 60.1

Mexico 59.6 69.1 72.7 69.9 73.0 69.6 0.1 69.0

China 31.9 47.8 54.6 58.2 61.7 63.0 5.5 52.8

Iran, Islamic Rep of 53.7 50.7 51.9 58.6 59.5 60.7 3.6 55.9

Brazil 48.4 48.6 54.2 59.0 61.9 60.2 4.2 55.4

Haiti 57.2 65.8 62.2 61.8 62.5 57.0 -2.8 61.1

Venezuela,Bolivar Rep of 65.9 60.8 57.7 57.6 55.2 50.7 -3.6 58.0

Philippines 54.5 59.8 54.1 64.1 63.2 48.7 -4.1 57.4

World 27.8231.7

4 33.20 35.06 35.98 36.022.5 34.4

44 NUTRITION AND HEALTHNUTRITION AND HEALTHNUTRITION AND HEALTHNUTRITION AND HEALTH

Why Tropical Fruits?

full of vitamins and minerals

contain micronutrients, phytochemicals and antioxidants

high in dietary fibre

FUNCTIONAL FOODSFUNCTIONAL FOODSFUNCTIONAL FOODSFUNCTIONAL FOODS

“… foods possess physiological benefits beyond basic nutritional functions.

… market for functional foods is being driven by a growing consumer understanding of diet/disease links, aging populations, rising health care costs, and advances in food technology and nutrition” - WHO

Phytochemicals found in Tropical Fruits together with the recognized nutrients act synergistically to lower

the risk of diseases

By: Samir Samman

Proceedings of the International Technical & Trade Seminar on Tropical & Subtropical Fruits

INNOVATION FOR NEW AND PROCESSED PRODUCTINNOVATION FOR NEW AND PROCESSED PRODUCT

TYPES OF PHYTOCHEMICALS IN TROPICAL FRUITS

Limonine in guava and lime have the potential to conjugate carcinogens and facilitate their excretion

Isoprenoid products such as carotenoids, found in

mango and papaya, can also act as antioxidants

Phytosterols in pineapple and avocado, which interfere with the absorption of cholesterol, provides protection against cardiovascular disease

Boron in avocado has an oestrogenic effect and a range of biological actions

PROTEIN TYPES FUNCTION / USAGE

Isoleucine For growth, intelligence development and nitrogen balance

Leucine Increase muscular energy levels and stimulate brain function

Lysine Forming blood antibodies, improves circulatory system and promotes cell growth

Methionine Metabolizing fats and lipids for healthy liver and calm the nerves

Threonine Improves competence of intestines and aids digestion

Trytophane Enhances the B group vitamins and improves nerve fibres as for emotional stability and calmness

Valine Assists co-ordination of muscular system and improve mental capacity

Cystine Aids with pancreatic health, stabilizes blood sugar and alleviating food allergies

Glutamic Acid Reduce the craving for alcohol and stabilize mental health

Tyrosine Slow the ageing of cells and suppresses hunger, coloration of hair and skin, and sun-burn protection

Protein in Papaya

COUNTRY FUNCTION / USAGE

Cuba Cold, stomach and intestinal disorders

Ghana & Central Africa

Toothache, wounds, intestinal cramps, diarrhoea, rheumatism, vertigo, nausea, kidney infections, colds, mouth inflammations, fevers, epilepsy, cholera,bronchitis, coughs and colds, insomnia and the leaves against worms

Malaysia Dermatitis, hysteria, epilepsy, diarrhoea, emmenagogue fevers

Philipines Wounds, sores, astringent, childbirth. Fruit juice to strengthen the heart

Trinidad Diarrhoea, stomach and intestinal disorders (infusion)

Haiti Stomach and intestinal disorders, antiseptic, astringent diarrhoea, piles, wounds, skin diseases, epilepsy

New Guinea Against itching insect bites

Tonga Stomach-aches

Tahiti Skin tonic

West Indian Islands

Epilepsy, coughs

Guava – A Healing Remedy Worldwide

COUNTRY FUNCTION / USAGE

Brazil Haemorrhoids, mouth inflammations, diarrhoea

China Diabetes

Mexico Stomach-aches, diarrhoea (Infusion from leaves and bark), ulcers and wounds, swellings

Hawaii Diarrhoea (chew the fresh young leaves)

Chile & Peru Chewing the leaves for the strengthening of the gums

Panama Chew the leaves against toothache

Samoa The leaves as cough medicines and as an antidote against all kinds of poisonings

Asia In some south Asian countries as well as in China, a narcotic psidium drug is produced by feeding exclusively guava leaves to insects, particularly to grasshoppers. The excrement of the insects is collected, kneaded to small balls, dried and stored airtight. Some of these “pills” are dissolved in hot water and taken if required

Guava – A Healing Remedy Worldwide (Continued)

Source : Papaya & Guava as Medicine – A Safe & Cheap Form of

Food Therapy (Pelanduk Publications 2001)

Campaigns for Increasing Fruit Consumption

“5 A Day” National Programme:

• increasing the availability of fruit in schools and worksites,

• changing national policies to influence fruit intake,

• reaching poor and disadvantaged population groups to reduce health inequities.

( WHO No communicable Disease Prevention & Health Promotion Department [NPH] 2003 )

Campaigns for Increasing Fruit Consumption

United States “5 A Day Program”• One in five Americans eats his/her five a day fruits & vegetables.

• Fruits consumption of 5 to 9 servings a day will lead to healthy lifestyles.

• Awareness of this recommendation has increased from 22% in 1992 to 40% in 2002.

( US Department of Agriculture )

European “5 A-Day”• 20 out of 25 European nations fail to meet World Health Organisation (WHO) produce consumption standards.

• Three effective interventions: Workplace fruit (free fruit to employees) School fruit snack (parent paid) and Catering initiatives at worksite restaurants

• The UK Department of Health is promoting the ‘5 A-Day’ logo as part of a wider message drive to improve the overall health of the British people.

( UK Department of Health )

Philippines “Give-Me-Five Program”

• Promotion fruit and vegetable growing through backyard gardening

• Promotion higher consumption of fruit among the middle-aged and elderly population of the country.

• The per capita consumption of fruits in the Philippines is very low – 0.02kg per day.

( Philippines National Nutrition Council )

55 CONCLUSIONCONCLUSIONCONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

1. Development of the industry

The tropical and subtropical fruit industry is a vibrant industry with healthy expansion in production, international trade and consumption.

The industry should be further exploited for the development of new products, especially processed products as these fruits are highly perishable.

Development of new innovations for the extraction of phytochemical, nutraceuticals and metabolites found in tropical fruits.

2. Development of a “Global Information System”

Tropical and subtropical fruits are important sources for human nutrition. However, of late there are numerous claims on the health benefits and disease prevention properties of these fruits.

There is a need to develop a credible and reliable information system to educate the consumers on the consumption of fruits and their benefits – development of a well-informed society.

The Information System could also include statistics on production, international trade, consumption on major and minor fruits.

3. Partnership Projects

The following partnership projects are proposed for further development of the tropical and subtropical fruit sector;

i. Tropical Fruit Consumption Campaign & Human Health

ii. Conservation and Utilisation of Traditional Fruit Species

iii. Nutritional Studies: Nutrient Contents of fruit species Epidemoiological Studies Phytochemicals / Metabolites in Fruits

iv. Organic Fruit Cultivation

v. Global Information System• Production• Trade• Consumption• Nutrition and health

T H A N K Y O U for your kind attention

….5 servings of tropical fruits a day, keep the medicine man away!

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INCREASING CONSUMPTION OF TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL FRUITS Dr. Izham Ahmad Chief Executive Officer...

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