INCREASE THE LIFE OF YOUR ENGINE
Transcript of INCREASE THE LIFE OF YOUR ENGINE
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Welcome!
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Our Mission Statement:
Fuel Direct is committed to providing
superior fuel performance technology
for improving mileage,reducing toxic emissions,
and increasing the lifespan
of all gasoline and diesel engines.
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• Prevents Algae from growing (effective algae biocide)
• Disperses water for a smoother running engine
• Cleans and lubricates valves, cylinder heads, and fuel injectors
• Reduces emissions
• Improves performance and mileage
Product Benefits – Xp3 (2 formula’s)
TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Manufactured by Xp Lab, San Diego, CA
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• Protects against fuel gelling and will take No. 2
(Summer blend diesel) down to -15 F below zero
• It has never harmed a single engine since 1989
• Reduces contaminants in used oil by 50%
•
Reduces corrosion to prolong life of engine
•Improves stabilization, lubricity, and detergency of the fuel
Product Benefits – Xp3
TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Manufactured by Xp Lab, San Diego, CA
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• Changes the micron size of the fuel (makes the
particles smaller, allowing for more complete
combustion and resulting in more power with
less fuel and less emissions
• Xp3 Diesel treatment ratio is 1 to 4,000
• Xp3 Gas treatment is 1 to 3,200
Product Benefits – Xp3
TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Manufactured by Xp Lab, San Diego, CA
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• Xp3 is formulated by expert researchers, technicians
and engineers at state of the art laboratories throughout the
United States and other parts of the world.
• Xp3 has only been available to the United
States since 2010.
• Xp3 has a guaranteed level of excellence
and rigorous quality control.
Product Benefits – Xp3TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Manufactured by Xp Lab, San Diego, CA
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• Promises 1-3 benefits in one
product
• Contains aromatics
• Uses solvent-based ingredients
•
Potentially weakens seals andO-rings
•Check MSDS info!
Other Products:
TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
• Promises 7 benefits in one product
• Aromatic, alcohol, naphtha free
•Uses organic compounds and
synthetic resin-based ingredients
•Does not weaken seals or O-rings
•100% biodegradable
Xp3:
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Plenty of ineffective products out there:
TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
• It would take 3-5 different products from our competitors to
achieve the benefits of our single product, Xp3.
• Aromatics are in many competing products. Aromatics may improve
mileage, but also can cause engines to wear our faster.
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How Xp3 Protects Your Equipment:
TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Solvent-Based Ingredients versus Synthetic Ingredients
• Can weaken seals
• Can weaken O-rings
• Do not lubricate
• Won’t weaken seals
• Won’t weaken O-rings
• Dramatically Improves
Lubricitity
COMPETITION Xp3
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Knowing the Fuel Industry:
TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
• Fuel Industry is a multi-billion dollar industry
• It is larger that wellness and travel industries COMBINED
• Fuel will be consumed regardless of the economy (recession-proof)
• People love to save money, especially on something they use
everyday
•Fewer maintenance costs - you can help save people money
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
• Usually a combustible substance that releases energy after
it is ignited, and reacts with the oxygen in the air.
• Hydrocarbons are by far the most common source of fuel
used. Hydrocarbon is a compound consisting entirely ofhydrogen and carbon.
• The majority of hydrocarbons are mostly found in crude oil,
where decomposed organic matter provides an abundance ofcarbon and hydrogen.
Fuel
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
• Petroleum refining is the process of separating the
many compounds present in crude petroleum. This
process is called fractional distillation where thecrude oil is heated; the various of the compounds
boil at different temperatures and change to gases;
and are later re-condensed back into liquids.
Refining Fuel
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Refinery Distillation Tower:
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• The crude petroleum is heatedand changed into a gas. The
gases are passed through a
distillation column which
becomes cooler as the height
increases. When a compound
in the gaseous state cools
below its boiling point, it
condenses into a liquid. The
liquids can be drawn off thedistilling column at various
heights.
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
• Although all fractions of petroleum find uses, the greatest demandis for gasoline. One barrel of crude petroleum contains only 25-35%
gasoline.
•
Transportation demands require that over 50% of the crude oil beconverted into gasoline. To meet this demand some petroleum
fractions must be converted to gasoline. This may be done by
"cracking" - breaking down large molecules of heavy heating oil;
"reforming" - changing molecular structures of low quality gasoline
molecules; or "polymerization" - forming longer molecules fromsmaller ones.
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Fuel Names and Classification• Small molecules like those in propane gas, naphtha, automobile
gasoline, and jet fuel have relatively low boiling points, and they are
removed at the start of the fractional distillation process.
• Heavier petroleum products like diesel and lubricating oil are much less
volatile and distill out more slowly, while bunker oil is literally the bottom of
the barrel; the only things more dense than bunker fuel are carbon black
feedstock and bituminous residue which is used for paving roads (asphalt)and sealing roofs.
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Fuel Names and Classification• Bunker fuel is technically any type of fuel oil used aboard ships and heavy
boilers. It gets its name from the containers on ships and in ports that it is
stored in; in the past, they were coal bunkers but now they are bunker fuel
tanks.
• Diesel fuel is normally called D-2, Marine diesel is normally called No. 4,
and the heaviest of the fuels are called No. 5, or 6. Since No. 6 is the most
common, "bunker fuel" is often used as a synonym for No. 6. No. 5 fuel oil is
also called navy special fuel oil or just navy special; No. 5 or 6 are also
called furnace fuel oil (FFO).
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Maritime Fuel Oil Classification:
MGO (Marine gas oil) - roughly equivalent to No. 2 fuel oil, made from
distillation only.
MDO (Marine diesel oil) - A blend of heavy gas/oil that may contain very small
amounts of black refinery feed stocks, but has a low viscosity, so it does not
need to be heated for use in internal combustion engines. - contains some
heavy fuel oil, unlike regular diesels
IFO (Intermediate fuel oil) - A blend of gas/oil and heavy fuel oil, with less
gasoil than marine diesel oil.
HFO (Heavy fuel oil) - Pure or nearly pure residual oil, roughly equivalent toNo. 6 fuel oil.
MFO (Marine fuel oil) - same as HFO.
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Fuel Viscosity:Lighter fuels have low viscosity, and heavyfuels with high viscosity may require
heating, before the fuel can be pumped
from a bunker tank.
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
ULSD (Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel): Much less sulfur content
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
ULSD (Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel):
Why is sulfur important?
For many decades, it was taken for granted that all distillate fuels, with the possible exception of kerosene, contained enough inherent
lubricity to protect against engine wear. There was no reason to define lubricity or to establish a test method to quantify a lubricity
value. For the most part, it was assumed that any fuel had the ability to provide adequate lubricity as one of its innate and irreversible
properties.
However, everything changed once the EPA began to look into diesel fuel exhaust emissions and, early on, identified sulfur as one of the
main sources for objectionable smog-causing air pollutants, oxides hazardous to health and long term corrosive acid rain damage. By
the late ‘90s, the EPA was exploring regulations to reduce the sulfur content of distillate fuels, especially on-road diesel.
As the likelihood of new regulations became more imminent and oil refiners investigated available processes available for crude oil
desulfurization, one critical piece of information became obvious—that any significant reduction in sulfur content would result in a
significant reduction in fuel lubricity as well.
Realizing this correlation, ASTM launched a task force to include lubricity requirements as part of its existing ASTM D975 Standard
Specification for Diesel Fuels. Concurrently, another task force was assigned to determine an effective laboratory test method to
measure lubricity values.
www.fueloilnews.com
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
ULSD (Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel):
Why is sulfur important?
Lubricity:
Lubricity is a measure of the fuel's ability to lubricate and protect the various parts of the engine's fuel injection
system from wear. The processing required to reduce sulfur to 15 ppm also removes naturally occurring lubricityagents in diesel fuel. To manage this change the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) adopted the
lubricity specification defined in ASTM-D975 for all diesel fuels; this standard went into effect January 1, 2005.
Lubricity agents must be added to ULSD to meet lubricity requirements of engines. Refineries typically add only
enough to meet minimum ASTM-D975 standards.
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
ULSD (Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel):
The Need for Added Lubricity
A single tankful of fuel with extremely low lubricity can cause a fuel pump to fail catastrophically. The lubrication
mechanism in diesel fuel is a combination of hydrodynamic lubrication and boundary lubrication. In hydrodynamic
lubrication, a layer of liquid prevents contact between the opposing surfaces. For diesel fuel pumps and injectors, this
liquid is the fuel itself. Diesel fuels that meet ASTM-D975 specifications provide proper hydrodynamic lubrication.
Lubricity agents must be added to ULSD to meet lubricity requirements of engines. Refineries typically add only enough
to meet minimum ASTM-D975 standards.
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Biofuels:
The two most common types of biofuels used today
are biodiesel and ethanol.
biodiesel
made by combining
alcohol (usually methanol)
with vegetable oil, animal
fat, or recycled cookinggrease.
An alcohol, the same as in
beer and wine (although
ethanol used as a fuel is
modified to make itundrinkable).
ethanol
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
• Alcohol fuels are produced by fermentation of sugars
derived from wheat, corn, sugar beets, sugar cane, molasses
and any sugar or starch (like potato and fruit waste, etc.)
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Biodiesel:• A vegetable oil or animal fat-based diesel fuel.
• It can be used alone, or blended with petrodiesel. Blends of
biodiesel and conventional hydrocarbon-based diesel are products
most commonly distributed for use in the retail diesel fuel
marketplace. Much of the world uses a system known as the "B"
factor to state the amount of biodiesel in the fuel mix:
100% biodiesel is referred to as B100, while
20% biodiesel, 80% petrodiesel is labeled B205% biodiesel, 95% petrodiesel is labeled B5
2% biodiesel, 98% petrodiesel is labeled B2.
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Biodiesel:
Biodiesel is hydroscopic, It contains 20 to 25 times more water
than diesel (ie: a bucket of diesel (D-2) can contain 60ppm of water.
But a B100 biodiesel bucket can contain 1200 to 1500ppm of
water).
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Biodiesel:
This is the damage result after 600 hours of use of B-80 fuel, (80%
derived from soy and 20% from petroleum).
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Biodiesel:
This is the damage result after 200 hours of use of B-100 derived from
sunflower
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Xp3’s water dispersion ability will
prevent the damage that the use ofthese biofuels can generate in the
injection system and engines.
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Biofuel - Ethanol:
• Ethanol fuel is the most common biofuel worldwide,
particularly in Brazil, and now in the USA.
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Biofuel - Ethanol:
• Ethanol can be used in engines as a replacement for gasoline.
It can be mixed with gasoline at any percentage. Most existing
car engines can run on blends of up to 15% bio-ethanol withpetroleum/gasoline.
•Ethanol has a smaller energy density than gasoline. This
means that it takes more fuel (volume and mass) to produce the
same amount of work.
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Biofuel - Ethanol:
• Since 1976 the Brazilian government made it mandatory to blend
ethanol with gasoline. The mandatory blend of ethanol in the
gasoline, has fluctuated between 10% to 25%.
• Those quantities require minor adjustments to the regular
gasoline engines.
• Xp3 has been in the Brazilian market since 1995 and the product
technology has been adjusted and developed to improve biofuels,and solve any problem they may cause.
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Additives Added by Fuel Producers:
Oxidation stability
Antioxidants
Metal deactivators
Gasoline distribution Corrosion inhibitors
Biocides
Anti-static
Drag-reducing agents Odorants
To protect vehicle fuel
system
Corrosion inhibitors Demulsifies
Anti-icing
Detergents
Deposits control
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
WHY DO FUEL USERS
REQUIRE ADDITIONALFUEL ADDITIVES?
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Fuel Additives:
• The combustion process that takes place in the ignition is far from ideal
• To obtain the maximum thermal efficiency for burning hydrocarbon fuel, it’snecessary to release the fuel’s heat energy under constant-volume conditions.
•
Such behavior requires that the combustion take place instantaneously andhomogeneously, with no variation from one engine cycle to the next, or from oneyear to the next year.
• Ideal combustion behavior with the fuel and air mixture requires that the ignitionprocess would be perfectly repeatable. The flame process would be both infinitelyfast and repeatable so no heat would be lost to the wall of the combustion chamber
and cylinder, and no emissions of partially burnt or other undesirable combustionproducts would remain. – which cause excess wear on the engine.
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
FUELS REQUIRE ADDITIVES TO IMPROVETHE COMBUSTION EFFICIENCY
• Even if fuel producers added sufficient corrective additives to the
fuel, (which they do not do) fuels require constant improvement.Fuel starts degrading immediately after manufacturing. This is
one of the reasons we need to stabilize it.
• The change of fuel specs, water levels in fuel, varying injectionsystems, engine changes and wear, requires constant fuel
improvement.
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
WHY IS WATER A PROBLEM INFUELS?
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
•
Negative reaction with water and sulfuric acid
• Negative reaction with water and vanadium.
• Fuel oxidation
• Increases growth of bacteria
• If diesel and water are pumped into ignition chamber, the water vapor
formed due to high temperature and pressure will prevent oxygen toreact with diesel resulting in poor combustion.
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
•
When the water drops exceed a certain size, they are no longer stableand detach.
• Water contaminates the fuel and prevents it from burning as
powerfully as pure gasoline or diesel.
Water Separation Dispersed Water w/Xp3
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Detergency and Fuel Efficiency:
With the introduction of the new fuel injection systems and the
extremely close engine tolerances, the slightest amount of foreign
contamination can cause damage to many of the of the parts in the fuel
delivery system.
Deposit buildup will cause increased friction and produce excessive
wear to the injection system components. The result is an incomplete
injection of the needed fuel amount resulting in poor combustion, and
low power. Usually drivers have the tendency to downshift thetransmission, step in the accelerator, and advance the fuel throttle
setting. This increases the fuel flow and reduce the economy.
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Detergency and Fuel Efficiency:
The use of Xp3 will stabilize the fuel, disperse water, produce a
cleaner combustion and will keep the injection system and injector
nozzle holes unobstructed. This allows the fuel injected into each
cylinder to be properly distributed in the combustion chamber
creating a complete combustion of the fuel.
An even spray will provide a correct mix between fuel and air, and
produce a maximum conversion of the BTU energy content into
usable horsepower, achieving maximum efficiency.
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Good Injection Pattern:
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Engine Cylinders:
• Small particles of carbon will slip past the seal rings into the engine.
•
Small carbon particles can damage your engine when combined withheat and pressure.
• The more efficient combustion, the fewer carbons in the cylinders.
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
The wear of pistons and cylinders will reduce fuel efficiency:
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Vanadium Corrosion Effect:
• The problem with the vanadium is thehigh corrosion temperature. For thevanadium to be corrosive, it has toundergo a chemical reaction, whenoxidizing conditions exist, and becomea “Vanadium Pentoxide”
• The vanadium will go through differentstages of oxidization, as follows:
(a) 4V + 3O2 ------> 2V2O3
(b) 2V2O3 + O2 ------> 2V2O4
(c) 2V2O4 + O2 ------> 2V2O5 = VANADIUMPENTOXIDE
• The ash deposits of this material willcreate the high temperature corrosionproblem.
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Xp3’s effect on Vanadium:
• Acts both as a vanadium compound neutralizer and a combustion catalyst.
`
• Eliminates the cold end corrosion problems.
•
Reduces the need of excess oxygen and consequently the chemicalreaction.
• Reduces the size and weight of the vanadium material as well as otherelements in the heavy fuels and disperses them in the fuel mass.
• The vanadium particles size and weight will reduce the amounts of depositsand consequently the formation of the vanadium pentoxide.
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How an Engine Works:
TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
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How an Engine Works:
TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
There are fours strokes involved in running an engine
1. INTAKE – engine pulling outside air into engine. (Intake valve is open, Exhaust
valve is closed)
2. COMPRESSION – pistons rise to highest point, and spark plugs ignite (bothvalves are closed)
3. COMBUSTION /POWER– downward stroke of the piston (both valves remain
closed until the combustion stroke is to the bottom)
4. EXHAUST – As the pistons begin to rise, exhaust valve opens releasing exhaust
(intake valves closed, exhaust valve opens, and repeat)
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Gasoline Injection System:
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Engines:
TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
There are over 12 different kinds of diesel engines used in
trucking today
All new diesel engines must now meet the Environmental
Protection Agency’s Tier 2 emissions standard
Tier 2 or 3 engines require DEF fluid
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TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
Diesel Injection System:
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How an Engine Works: (EGR Valve)
TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
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Cars, Watercraft, Trucks, SUVs, Fleet Vehicles, Busses, Farm Machinery, RVs,
Semi Trucks, Taxicabs, Motorcycles, Stationary Generators, Construction
Equipment, Lawn mowers, Trains, Ships, Go – Karts, Cars, Trucks, Busses,
Taxicabs, Cars, Watercraft, Trucks, SUVs, Fleet Vehicles, Busses, Farm
Machinery, RVs, Semi Trucks, Taxicabs, Motorcycles, Stationary Generators,
Construction Equipment, Lawn mowers, Trains, Ships, Go – Karts, Cars, Trucks,
Busses, Taxicabs, Cars, Watercraft, Trucks, SUVs, Fleet Vehicles, Busses, FarmMachinery, RVs, Semi Trucks, Taxicabs, Motorcycles, Stationary Generators,
Construction Equipment, Lawn mowers, Trains, Ships, Go – Karts, Cars, Trucks,
Busses, Taxicabs, Cars, Watercraft, Trucks, SUVs, Fleet Vehicles, Busses, Farm
Machinery, RVs, Semi Trucks, Taxicabs, Motorcycles, Stationary Generators
Engines that can use Xp3:
All gasoline engines, all diesel enginesand all fuel oil.
TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
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Oil Filters before and After Xp3:
TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
After Xp3Before Xp3
TEST RESULTS | Multi-National Soft Drink Company
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Fuel Injectors before and After Xp3:
TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL
After Xp3Before Xp3
TEST RESULTS | Multi-National Soft Drink Company
8/12/2019 INCREASE THE LIFE OF YOUR ENGINE
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