Incentives for Open Science:

Attribution, Recognition,

Collaboration

Sünje Dallmeier-Tiessen (CERN)

@European Research Council, Sept 2014

Email: sunje.dallmeier-tiessen@cern.ch

Open Science

Royal Society, 1665 and 2012

Why we care about Open Access

and Open Data

Is it really happening?

Datasets are…

• Not shared or lost

• Difficult to discover and access

• Difficult to understand > context missing

Nature, 2009

Current state

• Advent of data repositories, data journals and data article types

• But no effective way to link between datasets, software and articles

• No widely used method to cite datasets

• No way to attribute a dataset (and any other scholarly material) to a

researcher unambiguously

How do I find the data used in the paper I am

reading? Has it been processed? If so - how?

This dataset is great: has the author shared more?

Why should I bother sharing my data? No one will

see it.

How persistent identifiers help

• Persistent, trustworthy link

• Who wrote/shared this article/dataset?

• What is the dataset supplementary to this article?

• Who cited this article, dataset…?

• Unique identification globally

• Used by publishers, data centers, libraries,

funders

• “openness” allows 3rd party services to build on

• Discovery services

• Metrics

Digital Object Identifiers (DOI names) offer a solution

Mostly widely used identifier for scientific articles

Researchers, authors, publishers know how to use them

Put datasets on the same playing field as articles

Dataset

Yancheva et al (2007). Analyses

on sediment of Lake Maar.

PANGAEA.

doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.587840

URLs are not persistent

(e.g. Wren JD: URL decay in MEDLINE- a 4-year follow-up study. Bioinformatics. 2008, Jun 1;24(11):1381-5).

DOI names for citations

Slides by courtesy of Dr. Jan Brase, DataCite

Ecoli outbreak in Germany

immediately published the sequence data with a DOI

So that others could use the results

Force11- Data Citation Principles

Author, Publication Year, Dataset Title, Data Repository,

Version, Unique Identifier

- should include a persistent method for identification that

is machine actionable and globally unique

- should facilitate identification of, access to, and

verification of the specific data that support a claim.

www.force11.org

ACROSS DISCIPLINES Some examples

Geoscience

www.pangaea.de

Archaeology

ww

w.a

dc.a

c.u

k

Data citation including a DOI

ww

w.a

dc.a

c.u

k

AN EXAMPLE STORY High-Energy Physics

A collaborative discovery: Higgs

CERN, 2013

Research data on our community platform

www.inspirehep.net

Counting reuse: citations to data

www.inspirehep.net

Counting reuse: citations to data Tracking reuse: where is my impact?

www.inspirehep.net

Referenced Data

arXiv: 1311.1113

Who gets the credit for sharing data?

CERN, 2013

Who gets the credit for sharing data?

Cranmer, 2014

Using author IDs for attributing credit

Excerpt from publication list on

Excerpt from publication list on

Facilitates easy reporting:

“one click” to all your research output

We can list your data here – independent

if it sits in a repository or data journal

Identifiers for authors

• They help distinguishing the individual scientists

• Who is who

• Who wrote, shared, published data, software, papers…

• Similar names, changing names, name variations

• High mobility in a global research world – cannot rely on

affiliation, email address etc.

Trustworthy author identifiers:

• Unique on a global scale

• Interoperable, open

• Across disciplinary boundaries

Persistent Identifier for Open Access and

Open Data

To make Open Science “a reality” it needs the tools

to incentivize it:

Make data a “first class citizen”

• As a citable object

• Attributable to the right person

What’s next

• Enhance existing (community) services to allow

seamless workflows that incentivize Open

Science and Open Data

• Enable “integrators” to easily implement such

services

• Provide better support to researchers, i.e. how to

cite data, how to get and use an ORCID

• Make “data products” count: data articles,

datasets in a repository, analysis code,

documentation, data reviews, data citations, …

Development