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Inactive / Abandoned Mines Inactive / Abandoned Mines –– RuhrRuhr-- The users perspective The users perspective --

Bergvermessungsdirektor Dipl.-Ing. Heinz Roland Neumann

Projekt „Terrafirma“ / Workshop am 21. März 2011Projekt „Terrafirma“ / Workshop am 21. März 2011Dezernat 63 / AltbergbauDezernat 63 / Altbergbau1

OutlineOutlineOutlineOutline

1 Introduction

2 Mining Authority of Nordrhein-Westfalen (NRW)

3 Duties and Tasks of Mining Authority NRW3 Duties and Tasks of Mining Authority NRW

4 Tasks in the field of abandoned mining

5 Opportunities for radarinterferometric methods in abandoned mining

6 O tl k6 Outlook

Projekt „Terrafirma“ / Workshop am 21. März 2011Projekt „Terrafirma“ / Workshop am 21. März 20112 Dezernat 63 / AltbergbauDezernat 63 / Altbergbau

Mining Authority of NordrheinMining Authority of Nordrhein--WestfalenWestfalen

With approx. 18 million inhabitants Nordrhein-Westfalen is the Federal State of Germany with the highest population density


Federal State of Germany with the highest population density


DortmundDortmundAbt. 6

Branch Office


Branch Office Düren


District PresidentDepartmentDistrict Vice President

63Ab d d Mi i

Head of Devision 6

Abandoned Mining

Department61

Department62

Department64

Department65

Department63

Department63


Duties and Tasks of Mining Authority NRWDuties and Tasks of Mining Authority NRW

Department 61 Surface exploitation of resourcesDepartment 61

Department 62 Underground exploitation of resources

Division 6

p

Department 63

Underground exploitation of resources

Abandoned Mining, land recycling, mine clos re planning mine ater drainageDivision 6 p

Department 64

closure planning, mine water drainage

Power industry, mining facilitiesp

Department 65

mining facilities

Mine Surveying, legal affairs


p y g g


Inspection of surface and underground mining (exploration and exploitation)

Labour and health protection in mining

Environmental protection in mining activities

L l ff i i t d t i i i Legal affairs concerning water and waste in mining

Development and promotion of von renewable energy(wind, solar and geothermal technologies)( g g )

Recultivation/land recycling of former mining areas

Danger and damage precaution

Danger defence



Department 61 Surface exploitation of resourcesDepartment 61

Department 62 Underground exploitation of resources

Division 6

p

Department 63

Underground exploitation of resources

Abandoned Mining, land recycling, mine Clos re plans mine ater drainage

Abandoned Mining, land recycling, mine l l i i t d iDivision 6 p

Department 64

Closure plans, mine water drainage

Energy business, mining facilities

closure planning, mine water drainagep

Department 65 Mine Surveying, legal affairs


p y g g

Tasks in the field of abandoned miningTasks in the field of abandoned mining

Precaution concerning possible dangers for live and health of people as well as f ifi l tfor specific real assets

Danger defence

Property protection



State-wide responsibility of

AbandonedAbandoned Mining in NRWMining in NRW

BR Arnsberg concerning danger from abandoned mines beyond control by the Mi i A th itMining Authority

Abandoned Mining in NRW contains of approx. 60.000 openings to the surface as well as several square kilometres of near surface mining



Hille

Rhe ine

Rahden

Pe tershagenStem wede

Hörstel

M inden

Hopsten

Ibbenbüren

ReckeEspelkam p

LotteLübbecke

Wester-kappeln

Hüllhor st

Mettingen

B d O

PreußischOldendorf

Ki hRöding

Legende

betroffene Kommunen (vorläufig endbearbeitet)

betroffene Kommunen (in Bearbeitung)

nicht betroffene Kommune

Abandoned Mining in NRWAbandoned Mining in NRW

Münster

Bie lefe ld

DülmenHöxter

Ahaus

Borken

Greven

Vreden

Ver l

Oelde

Warendorf

Coesfe ld

Bocholt

De tmold

Lage

Kalletal

Hörstel

Te lgte

Lemgo

Lügde

Senden

Halle

Steinfurt

O chtrup

Heek

Rietberg

Ve len

Exter tal

Vlotho

Nottuln

Ennigerloh

Güter sloh

LienenHerford

Gronau

Blomberg

Nieheim

Löhne

Gescher

Ibbenbüren

Billerbeck

Lenge rich

Versmold

Bünde

Rosendahl

Ostbevern

StadtlohnHarsewinkel

HövelhofEmm erich

Laer

Sendenhorst

Ste inhe im

H id

Legden

Bad Salzuflen

Schlangen

Barntrup

EngerEm sdetten

Sassen-berg

PortaWestfalica

Saerbeck

Tecklenburg

Altenberge

EverswinkelSüdlohn

Wettringen

Schöppingen

Havixbeck

Metelen Spenge

Dörentrup

Steinhagen

Horstm arLadbergen

Nordwalde

I lb

Horn-Bad Meinberg

Beelen

Wer the r

Marien-münsterRheda-

Wiedenbrück

Herzebrock-Clarholz

August-dorf

Bad Oeyn-hausenNeuen-

kirchen

Borgholz-hausen

Kirch-lengern

Leopolds-höhe

Schloß Holte-Stuken-

brock

Schieder-Schwalen-

berg

Röding-hausen

Oerling-hausen

Hidden-hausen

Brilon

Hamm

Essen

Büren

Dortmund

Brakel

Duisburg

Höxter

H altern

Dorsten

Rüthen

Goch

Ahlen

Arnsbe rg

Rees

Marl

Lichtenau

Wesel

Warburg

Marsbe rgWarstein

Bochum

D elbrück

Kleve

Oelde

Pade rborn

Werl

Hünxe

Unna

Lippetal

Ise rlohn

Soest

Bottrop

Ka lka r

Beckum

Hamminkeln

Erw itte

Rietberg

Geseke

Lippstadt

Welver

G eldern

RekenRhede

Möhnesee

Selm Werne

Weeze

Kevelaer

Witten

Wadersloh

Moers

Borgentreich

Menden

Salzkotten

Alpen

Xanten

Hemer

Ense

Lüdinghausen Ascheberg

Olfen

Lünen

BadDriburg

BadWünnenberg

Datteln Borchen

Issum

Schermbeck

Bestwig

Strae len

Willebadessen

Uedem

Herne

Dren-steinfurt

Anröchte

Kerken

Beverungen

Heiden

Voerde

Ha ttingen

Gelsen-kirchenRheinberg

Alten-beken

Kranen-burg

Raesfeld

Ober-hausen

Waltrop

Schwerte

KamenBönen

Sons-beck Her ten

Dins-laken

Wette r

Isselburg

Kamp-Lintfort

Bedburg-Hau Nord-

kirchen

Fröndenberg

Mülheiman d. Ruhr

Reckling-hausen

BadSassendorf

Berg-kamen

Glad-beck

Rheurdt

Wachten-donk

Castrop-Rauxel

Langen-berg

BadLippspringe

Wickede

Neukirchen-Vluyn

Herdecke

Oer-Erken-

schwick

Holz-wickede

Köln

Hagen

Sundern

Meschede

Düsseldorf

Schmallenberg

Krefe ld

Bad Berleburg

Titz

Olpe

Wuppertal Eslohe

Neuss

Olsberg

Winte rberg

Erkelenz

Ba lve

Lindlar

Lennestadt

Vier senMedebach

Halver

Reichshof

Kirchhundem

Velbert

Ne tteta l

Willich

Solingen

BadLaasphe

Wippe rfür thAttendorn

Kürten

Hemer

Bergheim

Jüchen

Ratingen

Finnentrop

Wiehl

Bedburg

Kier speMönchen-gladbach

Wegberg

Linnich

Heinsbe rg

Pulhe im

Bestwig

Wenden Kreuzta l

Overa th

P lettenberg

Kempen

MeinerzhagenDormagen

Greven-broich

a tt ge

Brüggen

Altena

Leverkusen

Lüdenscheid

Remscheid

Hilchenbach

Gummers-bach

Gangelt

Geilenkirchen

Hallenbe rg

Erndtebrück

Drols-hagen

Herscheid

Kaarst

Meer-busch

Ennepe-tal Brecker-

feld

Selfkant

Neuenrade

Wette

Hückel-hoven

Wermels-kirchen

Haan

Engels-kirchen

Marien-heide

BergischGladbach

Nieder-krüchten

Odenthal

Tönisvorst

Me ttmann

Schwalm-tal

Werdohl

Hilden

Sprock-hövelGref-

rath

Erkrath

Wülfra th

Langen-feld

Radevorm-wald

Hückes-wagen

Rommers-kirchen

Korschen-broich

donk

Wassen-berg

Le ichlingen

Berg-neustadt

Bur-scheid

Schalks-mühle

Wald-feucht

Gevels-berg

Schwelm

Heiligen-haus

Übach-

Nachrodt-Wibling-

werde

Monheima. R.

in total 396 communities in NRW,

thereof 207 communities are effected b b d d i i

Bonn

Aachen

Kall

Siegen

NetphenJülich

Kerpen

Hennef

Er ftstadt

M uch

D üren

Eitorf

Euskirchen

Schleiden

Windeck

Meche rnich

S tolberg

Laasphe

Simme-rath

Burbach

Elsdor f

Hürth

M onschau

Bad Münstereifel

Vettweiss

Lohmar

Bornheim

Sw isttal

N tt h i

Wilnsdorf

Waldbröl

Trois-dorf

Hürtgen-wald

Esch-weiler Brühl

Nideggen

Alfter

N ümbrecht

Nörvenich

Heimbach

Rhein-bach

Inden

Nieder-zier

Königs-winter

Mors-bach

Frechen

WeilerswistKreuzau

Rösra th

RoetgenWachtbe rg

Alsdor f

Ruppichte-roth

Freuden-berg

BadHonnef

Alden-hoven

Merze-nichWürselen

Langer-wehe

Neun-kirchen

Nieder-kassel

Mecken-heim

Siegburg

Baes-weiler

Her-zogen-

rath

SanktAugustin

Wesse-ling

Neunkirchen-Seelscheid

Palenberg

Zülpich

by abandoned mining

52 %


Hellenthal

DahlemBlankenheim

Netter she im


Number of abandoned openings to the surface (estimated): approx. 60.000 Number of abandoned openings to the surface (estimated): approx. 60.000Number of abandoned openings to the surface (estimated): approx. 60.000

Number of registered abandoned openings to the surface (Reference date: 31.12.2010) approx. 28.000

Number of abandoned openings to the surface (estimated): approx. 60.000

Number of registered abandoned openings to the surface (Reference date: 31.12.2010) approx. 28.000

Number of surveyed sinkholes and surface collapses (since 1968) > 3.000

Number of surveyed sinkholes and surface collapses

Number of surveyed sinkholes and surface collapses (since 1968) > 3.000

Number of surveyed sinkholes and surface collapses Number of surveyed sinkholes and surface collapses (in year 2010) 120

Number of investigations and surveying campaigns

Number of surveyed sinkholes and surface collapses (in year 2010) 120

Number of investigations and surveying campaigns(in 2010) approx. 900(in 2010) approx. 900



Danger precaution

Defence against danger from abandoned mines beyond control by mining regulations, on legal basis of Regulatory Law (Ordnungsbehördengesetz)


Tasks in Abandoned MiningTasks in Abandoned Mining

What are the today causes for danger and damages from abandoned mines?What are the today causes for danger and damages from abandoned mines?

Not or insufficient secured abandoned mine openings to the surface

Open cavities from former near-surface mining


Major accidents from abandoned mining in NRWMajor accidents from abandoned mining in NRWTasks in the field of abandoned miningTasks in the field of abandoned miningMajor accidents from abandoned mining in NRWMajor accidents from abandoned mining in NRW

2000

Bochum-Höntrop2004

2008

Overath-Immekeppel pSiegen-Rosterberg

pp


Tasks in Abandoned MiningTasks in Abandoned Mining

Which pre-conditions have to be fulfilled?

Shafts under Responsibility of Mining Authority

p

1. The shaft is located in a terminated mining concession

2. The responsible tortfeasor of legal action (“Handlungsstörer”) or legal situation (“Zustandsstörer”) is not or no longer existing


Tasks in the field of abandoned miningTasks in the field of abandoned miningShafts under Responsibility of Mining Authority

1.847 Shaftsidentified



Protection of properties under regulations of § 48 Abs. 2 Federal Mining Law in conjunction with Article 14 German Constitutional Law



Water provinces and locations of central mine water drainages in the Ruhr area Water provinces and locations of central mine water drainages in the Ruhr area



Abandoned coal mining district Erkelenz:

Serious mine damages at Old Town Hall“ inSerious mine damages at „Old Town Hall in Wassenbergcaused by surface discontinuity under influence of re-rising mine water


Discontinuous Surface movementsDiscontinuous Surface movementsTasks in the field of abandoned miningTasks in the field of abandoned mining

Fault lines caused by geology or mining Fault lines caused by geology or mining

Cascaded, crack- or fissure-like as well as undulated damages

Surface discontinuity, crack, fissure or flexure

Surface cascades with main step and anti-step Surface cascades with main step and anti step


Discontinuous Surface movementsDiscontinuous Surface movementsTasks in the field of abandoned miningTasks in the field of abandoned mining



Displacement caused by discontinuity

Discontinuous Surface movementsDiscontinuous Surface movements

Displacement caused by discontinuity


Tasks in the field of abandoned miningTasks in the field of abandoned miningDiscontinuous Surface movementsDiscontinuous Surface movements


Abb. 7

Opportunities for radarinterferometric methods in abandoned miningOpportunities for radarinterferometric methods in abandoned miningpp gpp g

Danger for surface collapse caused by old mine shafts and former nearDanger for surface collapse caused by old mine shafts and former near--surface miningsurface mining

Wide-area monitoring of relevant areas

surface miningsurface mining

g

to identify subsidence processes as early as possible

to initiate timely measures for precaution and/or danger defence against occurrence of surface collapses


Opportunities for radarinterferometric methods in abandoned miningOpportunities for radarinterferometric methods in abandoned mining

Changes in mine water levelsChanges in mine water levels

Wide-area monitoring to identify surface movement processes as early as possible

continuous uplift of wide areas discontinuous movements along fault lines


OutlookOutlookOutlookOutlookFuture RequirementsFuture Requirements

Advanced requirements for monitoring of mining activities No other method is known with the ability to monitor wide areas with sufficient spatial

and timely resolution at payable costs

Main applications will be:

Monitoring of movements caused by active underground and surface mining, including also oil & gas exploitation and storage caverns

Monitoring of movements caused by new activities, e.g. CO2-Storage, use ofMonitoring of movements caused by new activities, e.g. CO2 Storage, use of geothermal energy, unconventional gas exploitation or nuclear waste storage

Several applications in abandoned mining (as described) Causal research after damaging events


g g

OutlookOutlookOutlookOutlookPrePre--conditions for the Future Requirementsconditions for the Future Requirements

Availability of data from radar satellites dependable and on a long-term basis dependable and on a long-term basis

with applicable spatial and timely resolution with easy access and reasonable prices („free and open policy“)

“court-reliable” evaluation results reliable and repeatable doubtless evidenced accuracy/quality quality standards by certifications (as demonstrated in Terrafirma) quality standards by certifications (as demonstrated in Terrafirma)

Integration of radarinterferometric results within a general monitoring conception(GIS-based with ground-truth data)

Constitution of an ad-hoc working group Participation of mining companies, universities, service providers and mining authorities Target is the development of “Technical Guidelines for the use of radarinterferometry


Target is the development of Technical Guidelines for the use of radarinterferometryfor mining purposes”

Thank you for your attention!Thank you for your attention!

Glückauf!Glückauf!Glückauf!Glückauf!


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